Tag: Clinical-Nursing

  • HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    Risk Management Program Analysis

    Introduction

    Risks to patients, healthcare organizations, staff, and the community are prevalent within healthcare. Therefore, risk management in healthcare is very important in order to facilitate assessment, development, implementation, and monitoring of potential risks in order to prevent or minimize risk exposure (Simsekler et al, 2018). This paper will examine a risk management program with a safe patient environment and care, with a community focus. The selected risk management program is a fall prevention strategy in a community setting. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

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    Type of Risk Management Plan and Rationale

    The risk management plan is fall prevention and reduction program targeting the geriatric population within a community setting. The plan focuses on identifying the individuals in the community at risk of falls and implementing appropriate providing evidence-based interventions. Prevention is the key step towards addressing fall reduction. The rationale for selecting fall prevention and reduction programs as a type of risk management plan is because falls pose major risks to the independence and health of the geriatric population (Ory et al., 2015). Falls are the leading cause of injuries among the geriatric population and they have significant adverse effects on the health and healthcare costs. The evidence further indicates that falls can be fatal especially in the geriatric population (Ory et al., 2015) HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay. Fortunately, falls are preventable and the selected program illustrates a fall prevention program that can be utilized within a community setting in order to minimize falls and assist the geriatric population to maintain their independence and health.

    Standard Administrative Steps and Processes

    The risk management process within the healthcare sector involves identifying the context; identification of risks; risk analysis; risks’ evaluation; and risks’ management. Identifying the context involves identifying the contextually high priority areas that need risk management in regard to patient care. The second step is to identify risks by becoming aware of the risks within the environment and healthcare services. Risk analysis follows by to comprehend the identified risks and this includes analyzing the intensity of the risks, primary causes and the available control actions against the identified risks (Jiménez-Rodríguez et al., 2018). After risk analysis, it is important to perform risk evaluation in order to prioritize risks basing on the severity of the risk as per the risk analysis score. Finally, risk management follows, where the appropriate measures are implemented in order to prevent and minimize the likelihood of the risk occurring (Lam et al., 2018).

    The healthcare sector is a sector that impacts all individuals and hence the quality of care is an important marker of the health market competition. Therefore, there is a need to integrate an effective risk management procedure in healthcare organizations. Total Quality Management (TQM) is important in ensuring improved and better outcomes in the healthcare industry (Lam et al., 2018). The significance of integrating TQM programs such as risk management programs in healthcare organizations is to manage the likely risks that an organization can experience, thus lowering costs and improving customer satisfaction with the organization. The goal of risk management programs can be achieved by successfully fostering a culture that embraces risk management using evidence-based guidelines and evidence (Jiménez-Rodríguez et al., 2018).

    In the identified risk management plan, the first step involved identifying the high priority in relation to patient care within the community setting and performing risk analysis. The older adults within the community were reporting high fall rates and hence falls were identified as a high priority area. Lack of available fall risk prevention programs was attributed to the high rate of falls in the community and thus fall prevention and reduction program was implemented.

    Key Agencies and Organizations

    Some of the key agencies with the responsibility to regulate the provision of safe care include Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ); Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO); National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA); Joint Commission; and Healthcare Quality Promotion (DHQP). AHRQ performs research aimed to improve the quality of health and improving patient safety while JCAHO focuses on ensuring that healthcare institutions provide quality care. NCQA works to ensure that the care plans meet the required quality standards while DHQP protects patients, protects healthcare providers, and promotes the quality care. The Joint commission focuses on the performance improvement measures that assist healthcare organizations to continuously enhance the quality of care and safety; this can lower the risk of low-quality care and medical errors (Allen-Duck et al., 2017).

    Evaluation of the Compliance

    The risk management program conforms to the requirement of the joint commission to continuously improve the safety and the quality of care; and the DHQP requirement to improve patient safety (Lam et al., 2018). The risk management program is a fall prevention program. The Joint Commission plays an essential role in helping healthcare institutions prevent falls and consequent injuries. The fall prevention program leads to raising awareness regarding the need to prevent falls; communicate safety information to the community and the health care providers; and integration of safety precautions in patient care and education. Fall reduction is the responsibility of everyone and as a result, the nursing staff, the community, physicians, quality and risk management, and physical and occupational therapy were actively involved during the designing of the fall prevention program (Phelan et al., 2015).

    Generally, in compliance with the national and state polices and also compliance with the organizations that regulate patient safety, the program aimed to reduce falls and ensuing injuries by implementing various fall prevention measures (Allen-Duck et al., 2017).

    Recommendations

    Patient education on fall risk should be integrated into the program: The Joint Commission supports raising awareness about fall risk and using clinical champions to educate the relevant stakeholders about fall and the preventative strategies

    The fall prevention program should adopt an interprofessional approach: According to the Joint Commission, an interprofessional team should be established in order to adopt a holistic approach towards fall prevention and reduction.

    When identifying risk factors for falls in the community, standardized and validated tools should be used.

    Post-Fall management should always be performed in order to inform improvement efforts and ensure the reevaluation of individuals sustaining falls (Phelan et al., 2015).

     

     

    References

    Allen-Duck, A., Robinson, J. C., & Stewart, M. W. (2017). Healthcare Quality: A Concept Analysis.
    Nursing Forum
    ,
    52
    (4), 377–386. doi:10.1111/nuf.12207.

    Jiménez-Rodríguez, E., Feria-Domínguez, J. M., & Sebastián-Lacave, A. (2018). Assessing the Health-Care Risk: The Clinical-VaR, a Key Indicator for Sound Management.
    International journal of environmental research and public health
    ,
    15
    (4), 639. doi:10.3390/ijerph15040639.

    Lam, M. B., Figueroa, J. F., Feyman, Y., Reimold, K. E., Orav, E. J., & Jha, A. K. (2018). Association between patient outcomes and accreditation in US hospitals: an observational study.
    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
    ,
    363
    , k4011. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4011.

    Ory, M. G., Smith, M. L., Jiang, L., Lee, R., Chen, S., Wilson, A. D., … Parker, E. M. (2015). Fall prevention in community settings: results from implementing stepping on in three States.
    Frontiers in public health
    ,
    2
    (232). doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00232.

    Phelan, E. A., Mahoney, J. E., Voit, J. C., & Stevens, J. A. (2015). Assessment and management of fall risk in primary care settings.
    The Medical clinics of North America
    ,
    99
    (2), 281–293. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2014.11.004.

    Simsekler, M., Ward, J. R., & Clarkson, P. J. (2018). Design for patient safety: a systems-based risk identification framework.
    Ergonomics
    ,
    61
    (8), 1046–1064. doi:10.1080/00140139.2018.1437224.

     

    Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis – Part One

    The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a health care risk management program.

    Conduct research on approaches to risk management processes, policies, and concerns in your current or anticipated professional arena to find an example of a risk management plan. Look for a plan with sufficient content to be able to complete this assignment successfully. In a 1,000‐1,250-word paper, provide an analysis of the risk management plan that includes the following:

    Summary of the type of risk management plan you selected (new employee, specific audience, community‐focused, etc.) and your rationale for selecting that example. Describe the health care organization to which the plan applies and the role risk management plays in that setting.

    Description of the standard administrative steps and processes in a typical health care organization’s risk management program compared to the administrative steps and processes you identify in your selected example plan. (Note: For standard risk management policies and procedures, look up the MIPPA-approved accrediting body that regulates the risk management standards in your chosen health care sector, and consider federal, state, and local statutes as well.)

    Analysis of the key agencies and organizations that regulate the administration of safe health care in your area of concentration and an evaluation of the roles each one plays in the risk management oversight process.

    Evaluation of your selected risk management plan’s compliance with the standards of its corresponding MIPPA-approved accrediting body relevant to privacy, health care worker safety, and patient safety.

    Proposed recommendations or changes you would implement in your risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure the aforementioned compliance standards.

    In addition to your textbook, you are required to support your analysis with a minimum of three peer‐reviewed references.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

     

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    HLT-308V

    HLT-308V-O500

    Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis – Part One

    150.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    1: Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    2: Less Than Satisfactory (65.00%)

    3: Satisfactory (75.00%)

    4: Good (85.00%)

    5: Excellent (100.00%)

    % Scaling

    100.0%

    Summary Description of the Type of Risk Management Plan Selected With Rationale

    15.0%

    A summary description of the type of risk management plan selected, with rationale, is not included.

    A summary description of the type of risk management plan selected, with rationale, is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    A summary description of the type of risk management plan selected, with rationale, is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    A summary description of the type of risk management plan selected, with rationale, is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    A summary description of the type of risk management plan selected with rationale is comprehensive. The submission incorporates specific examples with relevance and provides appropriate details.

    Comparison of Standard Risk Management Program Administrative Steps and Processes With the Administrative Steps and Processes in the Example

    15.0%

    A comparison of standard risk management program administrative steps and processes with the administrative steps and processes in the example is not included.

    A comparison of standard risk management program administrative steps and processes with the administrative steps and processes in the example is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    A comparison of standard risk management program administrative steps and processes with the administrative steps and processes in the example is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    A comparison of standard risk management program administrative steps and processes with the administrative steps and processes in the example is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    A comparison of standard risk management program administrative steps and processes with the administrative steps and processes in the example is comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Analysis of Key Regulatory Agencies and Organizations Inclusive of Their Roles in the Risk Management Oversight Process

    15.0%

    An analysis of key regulatory agencies and organizations inclusive of their roles in the risk management oversight process is not included.

    An analysis of key regulatory agencies and organizations inclusive of their roles in the risk management oversight process is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An analysis of key regulatory agencies and organizations inclusive of their roles in the risk management oversight process is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An analysis of key regulatory agencies and organizations inclusive of their roles in the risk management oversight process is present and incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    An analysis of key regulatory agencies and organizations inclusive of their roles in the risk management oversight process is present and comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Evaluation of the Example Risk Management Plan Compliance With MIPPA-Approved Accrediting Body Standards (C3.2)

    15.0%

    An evaluation of the example risk management plan compliance with the MIPPA-approved accrediting body standards is not included.

    An evaluation of the example risk management plan compliance with the MIPPA-approved accrediting body standards is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An evaluation of the example risk management plan compliance with the MIPPA-approved accrediting body standards is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An evaluation of the example risk management plan compliance with the MIPPA-approved accrediting body standards is present and incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    An evaluation of the example risk management plan compliance with the MIPPA-approved accrediting body standards is present and comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Proposed Recommendations to the Risk Management Program Example to Enhance, Improve, or Secure Compliance Standards

    15.0%

    Proposed recommendations to the risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards are not included.

    Proposed recommendations to the risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient

    Proposed recommendations to the risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards are incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Proposed recommendations to the risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards are present and incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    Proposed recommendations to the risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards are present and comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Thesis Development and Purpose

    5.0%

    Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

    Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

    Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

    Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

    Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

    Argument Logic and Construction

    5.0%

    Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

    Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

    Argument is orderly but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

    Argument shows logical progression. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

    Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

    5.0%

    Template is not used appropriately, or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

    Appropriate template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken. A lack of control with formatting is apparent.

    Appropriate template is used. Formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

    Appropriate template is fully used. There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

    All format elements are correct.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

    Total Weightage

    100%

     

    Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis – Part Two

    The purpose of this assignment is to analyze how an organization’s quality and improvement processes contribute to its risk management program.

    This assignment builds on the Risk Management Program Analysis – Part One assignment you completed in Topic 1 of this course.

    Assume that the sample risk management program you analyzed in Topic 1 was implemented and is now currently in use by your health care employer/organization. Further assume that your supervisor has asked you to create a high‐level summary brief of this new risk management program to share with a group of administrative personnel from a newly created community health organization in your state who has enlisted your organization’s assistance in developing their own risk management policies and procedures.

    Compose a 1,250‐1,500 word summary brief that expands upon the elements you first addressed in the Topic 1 assignment. In this summary brief, address the following points regarding your health care organization and its risk management program:

    Explain the role of your organization’s MIPPA-approved accreditation body (e.g., JC, ACR, IAC) in the evaluation of your institution’s quality improvement and risk management processes.

    Describe the roles that different levels of administrative personnel play in healthcare ethics and establishing or sustaining employer/employee-focused organizational risk management strategies and operational policies.

    Illustrate how your organization’s risk management and compliance programs support ethical standards, patient consent, and patient rights and responsibilities.

    Explain the legal and ethical responsibilities health care professionals face in upholding risk management policies and administering safe health care at your organization.

    Relate how your organization’s quality improvement processes support and contribute to its overall journey to excellence.

    In addition to your textbook, you are required to support your analysis with a minimum of three peer‐reviewed references.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

     

     

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    HLT-308V

    HLT-308V-O500

    Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis – Part Two

    150.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    1: Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    2: Less Than Satisfactory (65.00%)

    3: Satisfactory (75.00%)

    4: Good (85.00%)

    5: Excellent (100.00%)

    % Scaling

    100.0%

    Role of the MIPPA-Approved Accreditation Body in Evaluation of the Quality Improvement and Risk Management Processes of an Organization

    15.0%

    An explanation of the role that the MIPPA-approved accreditation body plays in the evaluation of the quality improvement and risk management processes of an organization is not included. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    An explanation of the role that the MIPPA-approved accreditation body plays in the evaluation of the quality improvement and risk management processes of an organization is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An explanation of the role that the MIPPA-approved accreditation body plays in the evaluation of the quality improvement and risk management processes of an organization is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An explanation of the role that the MIPPA-approved accreditation body plays in the evaluation of the quality improvement and risk management processes of an organization is present and incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    An explanation of the role that the MIPPA-approved accreditation body plays in the evaluation of the quality improvement and risk management processes of an organization is comprehensive. The submission further incorporates analysis of supporting evidence insightfully and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Administrative Roles Relevant to Employer-Employee-Focused Risk Management Strategies and Operational Policies

    15.0%

    A description of the roles administrative personnel play relevant to employer-employee-focused risk management strategies and operational policies is not included.

    A description of the roles administrative personnel play relevant to employer-employee-focused risk management strategies and operational policies is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    A description of the roles administrative personnel play relevant to employer-employee-focused risk management strategies and operational policies is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    A description of the roles administrative personnel play relevant to employer-employee-focused risk management strategies and operational policies is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    A description of the roles administrative personnel play relevant to employer-employee-focused risk management strategies and operational policies is comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence insightfully and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Support of Patient Rights and Responsibilities by Risk Management Programs and Quality Improvement Processes

    15.0%

    An illustration of how the rights and responsibilities of a patient are supported by risk management programs and quality improvement processes is not included.

    An illustration of how the rights and responsibilities of a patient are supported by risk management programs and quality improvement processes is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An illustration of how the rights and responsibilities of a patient are supported by risk management programs and quality improvement processes is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An illustration of how the rights and responsibilities of a patient are supported by risk management programs and quality improvement processes is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    An illustration of how the rights and responsibilities of a patient are supported by risk management programs and quality improvement processes is comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence insightfully and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Legal and Ethical Responsibilities of Health Care Professionals to Uphold Risk Management Policies and Administer Safe Health Care (C3.3)

    HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    15.0%

    An explanation of the legal and ethical responsibilities of health care professionals to uphold risk management policies and administer safe health care is not included.

    An explanation of the legal and ethical responsibilities of health care professionals to uphold risk management policies and administer safe health care is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An explanation of the legal and ethical responsibilities of health care professionals to uphold risk management policies and administer safe health care is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An explanation of the legal and ethical responsibilities of health care professionals to uphold risk management policies and administer safe health care is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    An explanation of the legal and ethical responsibilities of health care professionals to uphold risk management policies and administer safe health care is comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence insightfully and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    How Quality Improvement Processes in a Health Care Organization Support Its Journey to Excellence

    15.0%

    Evidence of how the quality improvement processes of a health care organization support its journey to excellence is not included.

    Evidence of how the quality improvement processes of a health care organization support its Journey to Excellence is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Evidence of how the quality improvement processes of a health care organization support its Journey to Excellence is incorporated, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Evidence of how the quality improvement processes of a health care organization support its Journey to Excellence is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support.

    Evidence of how the quality improvement processes of a health care organization support its Journey to Excellence is comprehensive. The submission further incorporates analysis of supporting evidence insightfully and provides specific examples with relevance. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Thesis Development and Purpose

    5.0%

    Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

    Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

    Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

    Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

    Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

    Argument Logic and Construction

    5.0%

    Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

    Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

    Argument is orderly but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

    Argument shows logical progression. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

    Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

    5.0%

    Template is not used appropriately, or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

    Appropriate template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken. A lack of control with formatting is apparent.

    Appropriate template is used. Formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

    Appropriate template is fully used. There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

    All format elements are correct.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

    Total Weightage

    100%

     

    Risk Management Program Analysis – Part Two

    Name

    Institution

    Date

     

     

    Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis – Part Two

    Introduction

    Risks are inherent within all organizational operations, regardless of the settings. In addition, it is important to manage risks in order to adhere to the legal and ethical requirements as per the health and safety regulations. Healthcare organizations also have the duty of providing patients and community members with healthy and safe environment (Allen-Duck, Robinson & Stewart, 2017). Lastly, healthcare organizations have the responsibility of ensuring that their activities do not put the local community at risk of harm, injury, disease or damage. The purpose of this assignment is therefore to analyze how the quality and improvement processes of the organization contribute to the fall prevention and reduction program. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    The Role of the Joint Commission

    The role of Joint Commission is to provide performance improvement measures that assist healthcare organizations to ensure continuous improvement of the quality of care and safety. The Joint Commission evaluates healthcare organizations through direct staff interviews, observations, and data analysis in order to determine if the organizations adhere to the required regulations (Allen-Duck et al., 2017). The Joint Commission has the duty to certify healthcare organizations and programs and hence the commission has the role of assessing the implemented risk and fall prevention program HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay. The Joint Commission also issues reports, that integrate measures and strategies whose aim is to track and monitor performance of the quality measures (Allen-Duck et al., 2017). Therefore, the Joint Commission has the role of monitoring the and tracking the performance of the implemented fall and risk prevention program.

    In addition, the Joint Commission establishes approaches that continually review best practices that improve patient care. The Commission partners with other experts to identify the quality measures, by establishing performance standards that guide healthcare professionals to administer high-quality care through improved performance. Therefore, the healthcare organization as well as the fall and risk prevention program should comply with the standardized processes on the implemented quality management measures; accordingly, it is important to report the improvements that the fall and risk prevention program achieve.

    The healthcare organization should submit its annual periodic performance reviews and reports about the fall and risk prevention program to the Joint Commission. Moreover, it is important to assess the fall and risk prevention program in order to ensure the program’s adherence with the Commission’s standards (Allen-Duck et al., 2017). Lastly, as per the Commissions aim to promote the quality of care, all stakeholders involved in the fall and risk prevention program should collaborate and partner with each other in order to identify the features of the program that indicate the best evidence-based aspects. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

    Roles played by Various Levels of Administrative Staff

    Health care standards and policies are very important in ascertaining the adhering to standards as well as in the provision of safer care to patients and people that require the services. Different administrative staff members have the responsibility of developing and implementing policies that help workers and organizations to adhere to the appropriate practice standards and regulations. Such policies provide the organization and the staff members with the necessary information regarding changes in the industry in order to promote safety and ensure legal compliance (Farokhzadian et al., 2018).

    The organizational management in collaboration with the risk management professionals in the healthcare the organization have the role of designing procedures and policies that can mitigate risks by promoting regulatory compliance, workplace safety, as well as the provision of high-quality and safe patient care. The administration also has the responsibility of monitoring whether the organizational staff adheres to the established policies and procedures (Farokhzadian et al., 2015) HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

    Impact of the Quality Improvement Processes and Management Programs on Patient Rights and Responsibilities

    Patients have the right to get high-quality and safe care. Therefore, quality improvement processes and risk management programs support the right of patients to quality and safe care. For example, a fall and risk prevention program that was implemented will improve the patient safety by preventing falls among the target patient population (geriatric) in the community. This is supported by Batalden (2018) who explains that by implementing quality improvement processes and risk management programs, healthcare organizations protect patient safety and also ensure provision of high-quality care as per the set care standards. Moreover, the fall and risk prevention program, is based on in-depth ongoing research; this further indicates how the program supports provision of high-quality care to patients HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

    Before the fall and risk prevention program was implemented, consent was obtained from all patients who participated in the program. In addition, confidentiality and privacy of any information provided by patients who were involved in the program was maintained.

    Legal and Ethical Responsibilities Health Care Professionals

    Healthcare practitioners are legally and ethically obligated to provide safe are and adhere to the set risk management policies. They have the responsibility to prioritize care of patients and to practice effectively and safely (Kadivar, Manookian, Asghari, Niknafs, Okazi & Zarvani, 2017). Healthcare practitioners must be ethical and trustworthy. Risk management policies are implemented with an aim of improving the quality of care and patient safety. Therefore, healthcare practitioners are ethically and legally obligated to conform with such policies in order to improve the quality of care and at the same time ensure patient safety. For example, a policy that requires all geriatric patients admitted in the hospital to undergo a fall risk assessment aims to ensure patient safety. Therefore, the nursing staff admitting each older adult is ethically and legally obligated to follow such organizational policy in order to ensure patient safety.

    Minimizing risks to patients is an essential element of practice. Good practice entails adhering to the right practice standards and the established policies aimed to improve the quality of care (Kadivar et al., 2017). For example, nurses are obligated to take part in systems that support monitoring of adverse events and working within the systems to minimize the probability of the adverse events occurring and improving the safety of patients.

    According to Salmond & Echevarria (2017) healthcare providers are required to have the appropriate skills and knowledge to provide effective and safe care. it is the responsibility of healthcare practitioners to promote health in the community through education, disease prevention, and where pertinent screening. This clearly indicates that healthcare practitioners are legally obligated to be competent enough to ensure provision of high-quality care HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

    The Impact of Organization’s Quality Improvement Processes

    The quality improvement processes in the organization have significantly contributed to the success of the organization. The processes lead to better care outcomes and hence increases patient satisfaction. Satisfied patients are likely to be return clients to the organizations and also make referral clients. As a result, through the quality improvement processes, the organization has been able to maintain patient volume and at the same time gain competitive advantage in the industry. In addition, the organization has been able to avoid unnecessary lawsuits associated with provision of low-quality care. Quality improvement processes ensure provision of safe care and thus adverse events such as medical errors are avoided (Macrae & Stewart, 2019). Medical errors are among the leading causes of lawsuits against healthcare organizations.

    Moreover, quality improvement processes have allowed the organization to avoid regulatory problems and fines for failure to adhere to the appropriate standards as per the regulatory bodies. For example, the organization has complied with the set standards by the organization with the duty of regulating delivery of safe care such as Joint Commission and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). This has ensured that the organization gains positive metrics from such organizations, further improving the reputation of the organization, in addition to evading any regulatory problems. HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay.

    Conclusion

    Healthcare organizations also have the duty of providing patients and community members with healthy and safe environment. Organizations such as Joint Commission provide performance improvement measures that assist healthcare organizations to ensure continuous improvement of the quality of care and safety. Different administrative staff have the responsibility of developing and implementing policies that monitor workers and organizations. The quality improvement processes and risk management programs support the right of patients to quality and safe care. Healthcare providers are legally and ethically obligated to provide safe and high-quality care to the patients.

     

    References

    Allen-Duck, A., Robinson, J. C., & Stewart, M. W. (2017). Healthcare Quality: A Concept Analysis.
    Nursing Forum
    ,
    52
    (4), 377–386. doi:10.1111/nuf.12207.

    Batalden P. (2018). Getting more health from healthcare: quality improvement must acknowledge patient coproduction—an essay by Paul Batalden.
    The BMJ
    ,
    362
    , k3617. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k3617.

    Farokhzadian, J., Dehghan Nayeri, N., & Borhani, F. (2018). The long way ahead to achieve an effective patient safety culture: challenges perceived by nurses.
    BMC health services research
    ,
    18
    (1), 654.
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3467-1
    .

    Farokhzadian, J., Dehghan Nayeri, N., & Borhani, F. (2015). Assessment of Clinical Risk Management System in Hospitals: An Approach for Quality Improvement.
    Global journal of health science
    ,
    7
    (5), 294–303.
    https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v7n5p294
    . HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

    Kadivar, M., Manookian, A., Asghari, F., Niknafs, N., Okazi, A., & Zarvani, A. (2017). Ethical and legal aspects of patient’s safety: a clinical case report.
    Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine
    ,
    10
    , 15.

    Macrae, C., & Stewart, K. (2019). Can we import improvements from industry to healthcare?
    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
    ,
    364
    , l1039. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1039.

    Salmond, S. W., & Echevarria, M. (2017). Healthcare Transformation and Changing Roles for Nursing.
    Orthopedic nursing
    ,
    36
    (1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1097/NOR.0000000000000308 HLT-308V Benchmark – Risk Management Program Analysis Part One and Two – Fall prevention strategy essay

  • HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    Fall Prevention at Rehabilitation Center

    Introduction
    : Falls are common incidents among hospitalized patients and represent a key health problem within the rehabilitation setting.  Falls within hospitals are serious adverse events that lead to injury, lengthy hospital stays and augmented costs among patients. The majority of patient falls is not actual accidents and is unavoidable consequences of old age, but is the outcome of a lethal conspiracy of numerous intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors.   Therefore, it is important to develop to gather comprehensive information about the risk factors of falling among patients for the purpose of designing and implementing preventive strategies (Najafpour et al; 2019) HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay. The purpose of the paper is to create an educational program that supports the implementation of patient risk management strategies at a rehabilitation center.

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    Rationale
    : Fall prevention entails managing the underlying fall risk factors of a patient. Risk assessments are the foundation of a falls prevention program since it permits for more efficient utilization of resources along with focusing the attention of a patient’s team care when the patient is at an increased risk of falling. According to Gu et al (2016), a call prevention program is likely to be effectively implemented and maintained when it is compatible with an organization’s priorities and considers patients’ needs.  Such a risk management strategy is lacking within the rehabilitation center’s current risk management plan.

    Implementation of a fall risk management strategy will enable the organization to better meet local, state, and federal compliance standards.  Several local, state and federal government agencies require healthcare organizations to have programs designed to prevent patient falls and resultant fall injuries.  As Quigley and White (2013) indicate, the joint commission mandates certified healthcare organizations to undertake fall risk assessments for admitted patients to recognize the risk of patients for falls for them to implement prevention measures into the care plan. Additionally, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) identifies that falls can be reasonably averted utilizing evidence-based guidelines.  and does not cover care costs as a result of an inpatient falls if the falls are avertable by the organization

    Support:
    It is projected that 700, 000 to one million patients fall in United States hospitals every year.  Fall-related injuries can result in an extended stay at the hospital by six days with the cost of care averaging 13, 316 dollars per incident. As a result of a large number of factors that contribute to patient falls, the majority of fall reduction and prevention programs have implemented several strategies like improving the process of fall risk assessment, improving communication among workers concerning fall risk status and improving patient and staff education (Weberg et al; 2017).

    The patient fall data is a demonstration that it is the fall risk management strategy that falls under the organization’s legal responsibility to provide a safe health care facility and work environment. Weberg et al (2017) claim that nurses have the primary responsibility of assessing, intervening and documenting fall prevention as a portion of their process of care planning, while organizations have the responsibility of executing a fall prevention program that entails monitoring, collaboration, and communication.

    Implementation:
    There are five steps to implement a fall prevention program in the rehabilitation center. The initial step will include developing a plan for implementation of the program by obtaining support from the administration, including funding for the program. The second step is to undertake an environmental safety check on every unit to ensure the safety of the environment. The third step is to gather data on the figure of patient falls, indicating the figure of falls with injuries. The next step will involve setting up a monitoring system and developing a system for recording fall scores of a patient in the patient’s chart. The final step is to train staff to identify patients that are prone to fall and a way of recognizing fall prevention strategies.

    Challenges
    : Obstacles that the health care organization may face in executing a fall risk management program include, insufficient assessment of risk,  failure of communication of compliance with safety practice, problematic physical environments and inadequate staff training. These obstacles can be overcome by having a training program that will educate patients,  members of their family and patients on the risk factors responsible for falls and specific modifications that can avert these falls. Education will assist patients, family members, and staff understands things that contribute to falls so that they will appreciate the significance of the interventions the organization wants to implement.

    Evaluation:
    My plan to assess if the fall prevention program is successful will include the selection of an interdisciplinary assessment team that will collect and analyze data on patients who at remarkably high risk or falling or fall repeatedly. The team will also periodically review fall reports and focus particularly on institutional patterns.  As suggested by Spirgiene et al (2013), ensuring the effectiveness of a fall prevention program include gathering statistics after the program implementation and subsequent analysis of data. The program should be reviewed annually, updated all through the year and data shared among staff.

    Opportunities
    : the organization should consider conducting additional risk management improvements in adjacent areas such as hallways and waiting rooms moving forward. While not directly connected with the intrinsic risk for patient falls, the general environment in hallways and waiting rooms must be assessed to ensure that they are free of obstacles and well lit. According to Phelan et al (2015), the aim of environmental assessment is to recognize hazardous conditions within a facility or homes, such as inappropriate assistive devices, obstacles in pathways, slippery surfaces and inadequate lighting.  In addition, factors like furniture height and positioning could be addressed.

     

    References

    Quigley, P., & White, S. (2013). Hospital-Based Fall Program Measurement and Improvement in High Reliability Organizations.
    The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18
    (2), Manuscript 5.

    Gu, Y., Balcaen, K., Ni, Y., & Goffin, J. (2016).  Review on Prevention of falls in hospital settings
    . Chinese Nursing Research, 3
    (1), 7-10.

    Najafpour, Z., Godarzi, Z., Arab, M., & Yaseri, M. (2019). Risk Factors for Falls in Hospital In-Patients: A Prospective Nested Case Control Study.
    International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 8
    (5), 300-306.

    Phelan, E., Mahoney, J., Voit, J., & Stevens, J. (2015). Assessment and Management of Fall Risk in Primary Care Settings.
    Medical Clinics of North America, 99
    (2), 281-293.

    Spirgiene, L., Bosch-Leertouwer, H., & Watson, M et al. (2013). Improving patient safety: implementation of falls prevention strategy in hospital.
    Gerontologija, 14
    (4), 235-242.

    Weberg, D., Porter-O’Grady, & Malloch, K. (2017).
    Leadership for Evidence-Based Innovation in Nursing and Health Professions
    . Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

     

    Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One: Outline of Topic

    The purpose of this assignment is to create an educational program that supports the implementation of risk management strategies in a health care organization.

    In this assignment, you will develop an outline for an “in‐service”‐style educational risk management program for employees of a particular health care organization that will then form the basis for a PowerPoint presentation in Topic 5. Select your topic for this educational session from one of the proposed recommendations or changes you suggested in the Risk Management Program Analysis – Part One assignment to enhance, improve, or secure compliance standards in your chosen risk management plan example.

    Create a 500‐750-word comprehensive outline that communicates the following about your chosen topic:

    Introduction
    : Identify the risk management topic you have chosen to address and why it is important within your health care sector.

    Rationale
    : Illustrate how this risk management strategy is lacking within your selected organization’s current risk management plan and explain how its implementation will better meet local, state, and federal compliance standards.

    Support
    : Provide data that indicate the need for this proposed risk management initiative and demonstrate how it falls under the organization’s legal responsibility to provide a safe health care facility and work environment.

    Implementation
    : Describe the steps to implement the proposed strategy in your selected health care organization.

    Challenges
    : Predict obstacles the health care organization may face in executing this risk management strategy and propose solutions to navigate or preempt these potentially difficult outcomes.

    Evaluation
    : Outline your plan to evaluate the success of the proposed risk management program and how well it meets the organization’s short-term, long-term, and end goals.

    Opportunities
    : Recommend additional risk management improvements in adjacent areas of influence that the organization could or should address moving forward.

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    HLT-308V

    HLT-308V-O500

    Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One: Outline of Topic

    130.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    1: Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    2: Less Than Satisfactory (65.00%)

    3: Satisfactory (75.00%)

    4: Good (85.00%)

    5: Excellent (100.00%)

    % Scaling

    100.0%

    Introduction

    10.0%

    An introduction is not included.

    An introduction is present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    An introduction is present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    An introduction is incorporated in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support as to why greater attention to this risk management strategy is needed.

    An introduction is comprehensive. The submission incorporates analysis of supporting evidence as to why increased attention to the proposed risk management strategy is needed and provides specific examples of why it is important within the specified health care sector. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Rationale

    10.0%

    A rationale is not included.

    A rationale is partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    A rationale is present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    A rationale is described in full. The submission encompasses essential details as to how the proposed risk management strategy is lacking in the selected plan and provides appropriate support for how its implementation will better meet compliance standards.

    A rationale is comprehensive. The submission provides specific examples of where the proposed risk management strategy is lacking in the selected plan and provides insightful supporting evidence as to how its implementation will better meet compliance standards. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Support

    10.0%

    Support data are not included.

    Support data are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Support data are present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Support data are described in full. The submission provides an appropriate explanation of how the data indicate a need for the proposed risk management initiative.

    Support data are comprehensive. The submission incorporates an analysis of how the data indicate a need for the proposed risk management initiative. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Implementation

    10.0%

    Implementation strategies are not included.

    Implementation strategies are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Implementation strategies are present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Implementation strategies are described in full. The submission encompasses essential details and provides appropriate support as to how the risk management initiative will be incorporated into the selected health care organization.

    Implementation strategies are comprehensive. The submission provides specific actionable steps by which the selected health care organization can implement the proposed risk management initiative. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Challenges

    10.0%

    Possible challenges are not included.

    Possible challenges are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Possible challenges are present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Possible challenges to the risk management implementation are described in full. The submission also describes possible solutions to the predicted obstacles.

    Possible challenges to the risk management implementation are comprehensive. The submission provides specific relevant examples of solutions for navigating or preempting predicted obstacles. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Evaluation

    10.0%

    Evaluation strategies are not included.

    Evaluation strategies are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Evaluation strategies are present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Evaluation strategies are described in full. The submission explains how the evaluation plan will assess alignment with the overall goals of the risk management program.

    Evaluation strategies are comprehensive. The submission provides specific examples of how the evaluation plan will assess alignment with the short-term, long-term, and end goals of the risk management program. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Opportunities

    15.0%

    Additional risk management opportunities are not included.

    Additional risk management opportunities are partially incorporated, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Additional risk management opportunities are present, but minimal detail or support is provided for one or more components.

    Additional risk management opportunities are described in full, with appropriate support for the recommended changes.

    Additional risk management opportunities are described comprehensively, with detailed support for the recommended changes. Level of detail is appropriate.

    Thesis Development and Purpose

    5.0%

    Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

    Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

    Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

    Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

    Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

    Argument Logic and Construction

    5.0%

    Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

    Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

    Argument is orderly but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

    Argument shows logical progression. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

    Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

    5.0%

    Template is not used appropriately, or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

    Appropriate template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken. A lack of control with formatting is apparent.

    Appropriate template is used. Formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

    Appropriate template is fully used. There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

    All format elements are correct.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Few outside sources were used to support the assignment. Limited research is apparent. The information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Research and citations are adequate regarding source, number, and rigor of resources selected. Sources are standard in relevance, quality of outside sources, or timeliness.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Research and citations are timely and relevant, and address all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. Research and citations are supportive of the rationale presented. Sources are distinctive. Addresses all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

    Total Weightage

    100%

     

    Educational Program on Risk Management Part Two – Slide Presentation

    The purpose of this assignment is to create an educational risk management presentation.

    Building upon the outline for an educational session you created in the Educational Program on Risk Management Part One: Outline of Topic 2 assignment, develop a 12-15 slide PowerPoint presentation that expands in greater detail on how and why your organization should implement your proposed risk management strategy. Incorporate any instructor feedback from the Topic 2 assignment into this presentation and include talking points in the speaker notes section of each slide.

    Keep in mind that the PowerPoint is meant to serve as a visual aide to bolster your presentation and is intended to highlight main ideas and key points. Do not use dense blocks of text or more than 7 bullet points of text per slide.  However, you may include supplementary images, graphs, and data where relevant.

    To successfully complete this assignment, include the following sections as per your outline from Topic 2, though you may include any additional sections as needed:

    Introduction

    Rationale

    Support

    Implementation

    Challenges

    Evaluation

    Opportunities

    You are required to support your statements with a minimum of six citations from appropriate credible sources.

     

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    HLT-308V

    HLT-308V-O500

    Educational Program on Risk Management Part Two – Slide Presentation

    200.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    1: Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    2: Less Than Satisfactory (65.00%)

    3: Satisfactory (75.00%)

    4: Good (85.00%)

    5: Excellent (100.00%)

    % Scaling

    100.0%

    Introduction

    10.0%

    Introduction slides are not included.

    Introduction slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Introduction slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Introduction slides provide appropriate support as to why greater attention to this risk management strategy is needed.

    Introduction slides are informative and thorough in explaining why increased attention to the proposed risk management strategy is needed. Specific examples are provided where appropriate.

    Rationale

    10.0%

    Rationale slides are not included.

    Rationale slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Rationale slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Rationale slides provide appropriate support as to how the proposed risk management strategy is lacking in the selected plan and how its implementation will better meet compliance standards.

    Rationale slides are informative and thorough in explaining why the proposed risk management strategy is lacking in the selected plan. Specific examples are provided as to how its implementation will better meet compliance standards.

    Support

    10.0%

    Support data slides are not included.

    Support data slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Support data slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Support data slides provide an appropriate explanation of how the data indicate a need for the proposed risk management initiative.

    Support data slides are informative and thorough in showing how the data indicate a need for the proposed risk management initiative. Specific examples are provided where appropriate.

    Implementation

    10.0%

    Implementation slides are not included.

    Implementation slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Implementation slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Implementation slides provide appropriate support for how the risk management initiative will be incorporated into the selected health care organization.

    Implementation slides are informative and thorough in explaining the specific actionable steps by which the selected health care organization can implement the proposed risk management initiative.

    Challenges

    10.0%

    Challenges slides are not included.

    Challenges slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Challenges slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Challenges slides provide appropriate rationale for potential obstacles to the risk management implementation and propose possible solutions.

    Challenges slides are informative and thorough in explaining potential obstacles to the risk management implementation. Slides also provide specific examples of solutions for navigating or preempting predicted obstacles.

    Evaluation Strategy

    10.0%

    Evaluation strategy slides are not included.

    Evaluation strategy slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Evaluation strategy slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Evaluation strategy slides provide an appropriate explanation of how the evaluation plan will assess alignment with the overall goals of the risk management program.

    Evaluation strategy slides are informative and thorough in providing specific examples of how the evaluation plan will assess alignment with the short-term, long-term, and end goals of the risk management program.

    Opportunities

    10.0%

    Opportunities slides are not included.

    Opportunities slides are present, but the information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Opportunities slides provide minimal detail or support.

    Opportunities slides provide an appropriate explanation of additional risk management improvements along with support for the recommended changes.

    Opportunities slides are informative and thorough in providing additional risk management improvements along with detailed support for the recommended changes.

    Incorporation of Instructor Feedback From Previous Assignment

    5.0%

    Incorporation of instructor feedback from previous assignment is not present.

    Incorporation of instructor feedback from previous assignment is insufficiently present.

    Incorporation of instructor feedback from previous assignment is perfunctory.

    Incorporation of instructor feedback from previous assignment is adequate.

    Incorporation of instructor feedback from previous assignment is comprehensive.

    Presentation of Content

    5.0%

    The content lacks a clear point of view and logical sequence of information. Includes little persuasive information. Sequencing of ideas is unclear.

    The content is vague in conveying a point of view and does not create a strong sense of purpose. Includes some persuasive information.

    The presentation slides are generally competent, but ideas may show some inconsistency in organization or in their relationships to each other.

    The content is written with a logical progression of ideas and supporting information exhibiting a unity, coherence, and cohesiveness. Includes persuasive information from reliable sources.

    The content is written clearly and concisely. Ideas universally progress and relate to each other. The project includes motivating questions and advanced organizers. The project gives the audience a clear sense of the main idea.

    Layout

    HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    5.0%

    The layout is cluttered, confusing, and does not use spacing, headings, and subheadings to enhance the readability. The text is extremely difficult to read with long blocks of text, small point size for fonts, and inappropriate contrasting colors. Poor use of headings, subheadings, indentations, or bold formatting is evident.

    The layout shows some structure but appears cluttered and busy or distracting with large gaps of white space or a distracting background. Overall readability is difficult due to lengthy paragraphs, too many different fonts, dark or busy background, overuse of bold, or lack of appropriate indentations of text.

    The layout uses horizontal and vertical white space appropriately. Sometimes the fonts are easy to read, but in a few places the use of fonts, italics, bold, long paragraphs, color, or busy background detracts and does not enhance readability.

    The layout background and text complement each other and enable the content to be easily read. The fonts are easy to read and point size varies appropriately for headings and text.

    The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text.

    Language Use and Audience Awareness (includes sentence construction, word choice, etc.)

    5.0%

    Inappropriate word choice and lack of variety in language use are evident. Writer appears to be unaware of audience. Use of primer prose indicates writer either does not apply figures of speech or uses them inappropriately.

    Some distracting inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. The writer exhibits some lack of control in using figures of speech appropriately.

    Language is appropriate to the targeted audience for the most part.

    The writer is clearly aware of audience, uses a variety of appropriate vocabulary for the targeted audience, and uses figures of speech to communicate clearly.

    The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

    5.0%

    Slide errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader.

    Slides are largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present.

    Writer is clearly in control of standard, written, academic English.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Few outside sources were used to support the assignment. Limited research is apparent. The information provided is incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise deficient.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Research and citations are adequate regarding source, number, and rigor of resources selected. Sources are standard in relevance, quality of outside sources, or timeliness.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Research and citations are timely and relevant, and address all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. Research and citations are supportive of the rationale presented. Sources are distinctive and addresses all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

    Total Weightage

    100%

     

    Educational Program on Risk Management

    Introduction

    Fall rate high among inpatients & rehabilitation settings

    Adverse events associated with falls:

    Injuries

    Lengthy hospital stays

    Increased healthcare costs

    Patient falls avoidable

    Purpose:

    To create an educational program that supports the implementation of patient risk management strategies at a rehabilitation center HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    Falls are common among inpatients and especially within the rehabilitation settings. Falls are normally associated with adverse events such as serious injuries, increased length of hospital stay, and increased healthcare costs. Therefore, it is necessary to address falls and implement appropriate preventative measures because the majority of patient falls are preventable. Identifying the risk factors for falls among patients is very important in preventing falls (Najafpour et al; 2019). Therefore, this presentation presents an educational program that supports the implementation of patient risk management strategies at a rehabilitation center.

    Rationale

    Fall prevention involves managing risk factors

    Risk assessment:

    Backbone of falls prevention programs

    Allows efficient utilization of resources

    Allows individualized care

    A fall prevention program should be compatible with:

    uPatient needs

    uOrganizational priorities

    uThe rehabilitation center lacks an effective risk management plan

    Fall prevent involves managing the primary risks factors for falls among patients. Accordingly, fall risk assessment forms the foundation of fall prevention programs because it allows provision of individualized patient care in regard to preventing falls and also allows efficient utilization of resources. A fall prevention program should focus on the patient needs and be well-suited to the organizational priorities (Gu et al; 2016). The rehabilitation center lacks such a risk management program and hence this provides the rationale for this education program to support implementation of a fall risk management program. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    Rationale Cont.

    uA fall risk management program will enable the organization:

    uTo better meet local, state, and federal compliance standards

    uHealthcare organizations required to have fall prevention programs

    uJoint commission mandates healthcare organizations:

    uTo undertake fall risk assessments for inpatients

    uTo identify risk of patients for falls & integrate into the care plan

    uCenter for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS):

    uUse of evidence-based guidelines to prevent falls

    uDoes not cover care costs for preventable inpatient falls

    Implementation of a fall risk management strategy will enable the organization to better meet local, state, and federal compliance standards. This is because several local, state and federal government agencies require healthcare organizations to have programs designed to prevent patient falls and resultant fall injuries.  For example, the joint commission mandates certified healthcare organizations to undertake fall risk assessments for admitted patients to recognize the risk of patients for falls for them to implement prevention measures into the care plan (Quigley and White (2013). Similarly, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recommends healthcare organizations to use evidence-based guidelines does not cover care costs as a result of an inpatient falls if the falls are preventable by the organization. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    Support

    u700, 000-1,000, 000 patient falls occur in US hospitals annually

    uFall-related injuries can lead to:

    uIncreasing hospital stay by 6-days

    uCare cost $13, 316 per fall event

    uTherefore, fall prevention/reduction strategies important

    uFall prevention strategies include:

    uImproving the process of fall risk assessment

    uPatient and staff education on falls

    uImproving communication among healthcare providers about fall risk for patients

    Statistics indicate that about 700, 000-1,000, 000 patient fall occur within the hospitals in the US every year. Fall-related injuries can result in an extended stay at the hospital by six days with the cost of care averaging $13, 316 per every fall incident. Therefore, it is important to address various factors that contribute to falls in one way or another. Many fall prevention programs normally integrate aspects such as improving the process of fall risk assessment, improving communication among healthcare providers regarding fall risk status and improving patient and staff education about falls (Weberg et al; 2017).

    Support Cont.

    uThe high incidence of falls indicates the need:

    uTo address falls

    uTo implement fall risk management strategies

    uOrganizations have a duty to ensure patient safety

    uAs part of care , the nursing staff should:

    uAssess, intervene & document fall prevention aspects

    uOrganizations have the duty of:

    uImplementing fall prevention programs that include monitoring, collaboration, and communication

    The high rate and high incidence of falls among patients indicates the need for healthcare organizations to implement fall risk management strategies. Therefore, organizations have the legal responsibility to provide a safe health care facility and work environment and preventing falls is one of the duties of ensuring patient safety. Nurses have the primary responsibility of assessing, intervening and documenting fall prevention aspects as a part of their process of care planning. On the other hand, organizations have the responsibility of executing a fall prevention program that entails monitoring, collaboration, and communication (Weberg et al; 2017).

    Implementation

    uImplementation of a fall prevention program will include:

    uDeveloping a plan by obtaining administration support

    uUndertake an environmental safety check on every unit

    uCollecting data on rate of falls

    uImplementing a monitoring system

    uDeveloping system to record patient fall scores

    uTraining staff to identify patients at high risk of falls

    uEnsuring the staff know fall prevention strategies

    Implementation of a fall prevention program in the rehabilitation center will include five steps. The first step will be to develop a plan for implementation of the program by obtaining support from the administration, including funding for the program. The second step will be to perform an environmental safety check on every unit to ensure the safety of the environment. The third step is to gather data on the figure of patient falls, indicating the figure of falls with injuries. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay The next step will involve setting up a monitoring system and developing a system for recording fall scores of a patient in the patient’s chart. The final step will include training staff on how identify patients that are at risk of falls and educating them regarding fall prevention strategies.

    Challenges

    uResistance to changes by the nursing staff

    uLack of sufficient assessment of fall risk

    uFailure of the staff to comply with the safety practices

    uProblematic physical environments

    uInadequate staff training

    Some of the projected obstacles during the implementation of the fall risk management program includes resistance to change by the nursing staff. Evidence indicates the nursing staff may resist changes due to projected increased workload or due to disruption of a familiar workflow pattern (Tyler et al; 2014) HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay. Other obstacles that may hinder successful implementation of the fall risk management program include lack of sufficient assessment of fall risk by the staff; failure of the staff to comply with the safety practices; problematic physical environments that may trigger falls; and inadequate staff training about falls.

    Overcoming the Challenges

    uEducating patients and their families about:

    uRisk factors for falls

    uModifications to preventing the falls

    uEducating important in:

    uInformation patients, families & staff about risk factors to falls

    uThis will make them embrace the fall prevention program

    The identified obstacles can be overcome by having a training program that will educate patients, members of their family and patients regarding the risk factors responsible for falls and the specific modifications that can prevent these falls HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay. Education will assist patients, family members, and staff understands things that contribute to falls so that they will appreciate the significance of the interventions the organization wants to implement and thus willingly embrace the fall prevention program.

    Evaluation

    uEffectiveness of a fall prevention program can be evaluated by:

    uCollecting data pre-post program implementation

    uReviewing the program annually

    uUpdating the program regularly

    uSharing data with the staff

    uTherefore, the interdisciplinary assessment team will:

    uCollect and analyze data on patients at high risk for falls

    uPeriodically review fall reports & especially the institutional patterns

    uCompare fall rate pre & post program implementation

    uReduced fall rate will indicate the efficacy of the program

    The efficacy of a fall prevention program can be evaluated by colleting statistics before and after the implementation of the program. The data is then analyzed to see of the fall rate has reduced after project implementation (Spirgiene et al; 2013). Therefore, in this case an interdisciplinary assessment team will collect data before and after the program implementation and analyze the rate of falls. The ream will also periodically review fall reports and particularly organizational patterns. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    Opportunities

    uAdditional risk management improvements done in:

    uAdjacent areas like hallways & waiting rooms

    uThe areas should be:

    uFree of any physical obstacles

    uFloor should not be slippery

    uWell lit

    uAddress the issue of furniture height and positioning in all units

    There are other ways that the organization can address the issue of falls. This includes conducting additional risk management improvements in adjacent areas such as hallways and waiting rooms moving forward. It should be ensured that the environment in hallways and waiting rooms is well lit, not slippery and free of physical obstacles, that could lead to patient falls (Phelan et al; 2015). It is also important to ensure that the height of furniture and positioning are appropriate and do not encourage falls.

    References

    uGu, Y., Balcaen, K., Ni, Y., & Goffin, J. (2016).  Review on Prevention of falls in hospital settings
    . Chinese Nursing Research, 3
    (1), 7-10.

    uNajafpour, Z., Godarzi, Z., Arab, M., & Yaseri, M. (2019). Risk Factors for Falls in Hospital In-Patients: A Prospective Nested Case Control Study.
    International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 8
    (5), 300-306.

    uPhelan, E., Mahoney, J., Voit, J., & Stevens, J. (2015). Assessment and Management of Fall Risk in Primary Care Settings.
    Medical Clinics of North America, 99
    (2), 281-293.

    uSpirgiene, L., Bosch-Leertouwer, H., & Watson, M et al. (2013). Improving patient safety: implementation of falls prevention strategy in hospital.
    Gerontologija
    , 14
    (4), 235-242. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    uTyler, D. A., Lepore, M., Shield, R. R., Looze, J., & Miller, S. C. (2014). Overcoming resistance to culture change: nursing home administrators’ use of education, training, and communication.
    Gerontology & geriatrics education
    ,
    35
    (4), 321–336.

    uQuigley, P., & White, S. (2013). Hospital-Based Fall Program Measurement and Improvement in High Reliability Organizations.
    The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18
    (2), Manuscript 5.

    uWeberg, D., Porter-O’Grady, & Malloch, K. (2017).
    Leadership for Evidence-Based Innovation in Nursing and Health Professions
    . Burlington, MA: Jon. HLT-308V – Educational Program on Risk Management – Part One & Two – Fall Prevention Essay

    u

  • Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    Long-term Control Options for Asthma Patients

    Work over time to:

    Stop symptoms

    Reduce airways swelling

    Relax the muscle bands around airways

    Long-term control medications include

    Anti-inflammatory drugs

    Bronchodilators

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    Anti-inflammatory drugs:

    Prevent asthmatic symptoms

    Reduce swelling in the airways in case of a trigger

    Control mucus in to ease breathing

    Long-term Control Options for Asthma Patients Cont.

    Examples of anti-inflammatory drugs are:

    Inhaled corticosteroids

    uCromolyn sodium

    Montelukast

    Zafirlukast

    Zileuton

    Bronchodilators taken together with anti-inflammatory drugs to:

    Ease breathing by relaxing muscles around airways

    Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    Examples of bronchodilators:

    uInhaled long-acting beta2-agonists

    uCombination inhalers

    uTheophylline

    uQuick Relief Treatment Options for Asthma Patients

    uUsed to rapidly relieve flaring asthma symptoms

    uWork by:

    uLoosening tight muscles around airways to allow air to flow

    uRapidly relaxes airways to ease breathing

    uRelieves swelling in the airways

    uExamples of short-term asthma treatments:

    uInhaled short-acting beta2 agonists

    uIpratropium (Atrovent)

    uCorticosteroids.

    u

    uLong-term Effects of Asthma Medications

    uEffects of corticosteroids include:

    uDermal thinning

    uDiabetes

    uHigh blood pressure

    uGrowth suppression

    uEffects of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists are:

    uIncreased heart rate

    uHypokalemia

    uShakiness

    uThe Stepwise Approach to Asthma Treatment and Management

    u1st step: Mild intermittent symptoms & recommended drugs are short-acting beta-agonist like albuterol prn

    u2nd step: Mild persistent asthma & drugs are low-dose inhaled corticosteroids & alternatively leukotriene blocker or cromolyn

    u3rd & 4th steps: Moderate & severe asthma. The dose of inhaled corticosteroid is either increased or LABA added or both for step 4

    u5th & 6th steps: Dose of inhaled corticosteroids is further increased & omalizumab can be added. In 6th step, oral/chronic corticosteroids are considered

    uImportance of stepwise management to health care providers & patients

    uProvides written action plans to guide patients how to control of asthmatic attack or exacerbations

    uAllows providers to develop patient-tailored treatment plans

    uAllows prompt management of any change in patient’s condition

    uAdjusting drugs stepwise helps patients to gain & maintain control of the disease proces

    uReferences

    uEfraij K & Mark F. (2015). Current and emerging treatments for severe asthma.
    J
    Thorac
    Dis
    . 7(11), E522–E525.

    uHorak F, Daniel D, Eber E, Horak E, Pohl W, osef R, et al. (2016). Diagnosis and management of asthma – Statement on the 2015 GINA Guidelines.
    Wien
    Klin

    Wochenschr
    . 128(15), 541–554.

    uAnise A & Romana H. (2016). Patient-centered outcomes research to improve asthma outcomes.
    Clinical reviews in allergy and immunology
    . 138(6), 1503–1510.

    uReddel H, Eric B, Becker A, Cruz A, Drazen J et al. (2015). A summary of the new GINA strategy: a roadmap to asthma control.
    Eur Respir J
    . 46(3), 622–639.

     

    Reflect on drugs used to treat asthmatic patients, including long-term control and quick relief treatment options for patients. Think about the impact these drugs might have on patients, including adults and children.

    Consider how you might apply the stepwise approach to address the health needs of a patient in your practice.

    Reflect on how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease.

    Create a 5- to 6-slide PowerPoint presentation that can be used in a staff development meeting on presenting different approaches for implementing the stepwise approach for asthma treatment. Be sure to address the following: Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    ASSIGNMENT:

    Describe long-term control and quick relief treatment options for the asthma patient from your practice as well as the impact these drugs might have on your patient.

    Explain the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management for your patient.

    Explain how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease. Be specific.

    RUBRIC:

    Describe the long-term control and quick relief treatment options for the asthma patient from your practice, as well as the impact these drugs might have on your patient. Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    Explain the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management for your patient.

    Explain how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease. Be specific.

    Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

    Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance.

    Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards:

    Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

     

    uAsthma and Stepwise Management

    uLong-term Control Options for Asthma Patients

    uWork over time to:

    uStop symptoms

    uReduce airways swelling

    uRelax the muscle bands around airways

    uLong-term control medications include

    uAnti-inflammatory drugs

    uBronchodilators

    uAnti-inflammatory drugs:

    uPrevent asthmatic symptoms

    uReduce swelling in the airways in case of a trigger

    Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    uControl mucus in to ease breathing

    uLong-term Control Options for Asthma Patients Cont.

    uExamples of anti-inflammatory drugs are:

    uInhaled corticosteroids

    uCromolyn sodium

    uMontelukast

    uZafirlukast

    uZileuton

    uBronchodilators taken together with anti-inflammatory drugs to:

    uEase breathing by relaxing muscles around airways

    Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    uExamples of bronchodilators:

    uInhaled long-acting beta2-agonists

    uCombination inhalers

    uTheophylline

    uQuick Relief Treatment Options for Asthma Patients

    uUsed to rapidly relieve flaring asthma symptoms

    uWork by:

    uLoosening tight muscles around airways to allow air to flow

    uRapidly relaxes airways to ease breathing

    uRelieves swelling in the airways

    uExamples of short-term asthma treatments:

    uInhaled short-acting beta2 agonists

    uIpratropium (Atrovent)

    uCorticosteroids.

    u

    uLong-term Effects of Asthma Medications

    uEffects of corticosteroids include:

    uDermal thinning

    uDiabetes

    uHigh blood pressure

    uGrowth suppression

    uEffects of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists are:

    Asthma and Stepwise Management PowerPoint

    uIncreased heart rate

    uHypokalemia

    uShakiness

    uThe Stepwise Approach to Asthma Treatment and Management

    u1st step: Mild intermittent symptoms & recommended drugs are short-acting beta-agonist like albuterol prn

    u2nd step: Mild persistent asthma & drugs are low-dose inhaled corticosteroids & alternatively leukotriene blocker or cromolyn

    u3rd & 4th steps: Moderate & severe asthma. The dose of inhaled corticosteroid is either increased or LABA added or both for step 4

    u5th & 6th steps: Dose of inhaled corticosteroids is further increased & omalizumab can be added. In 6th step, oral/chronic corticosteroids are considered

    uImportance of stepwise management to health care providers & patients

    uProvides written action plans to guide patients how to control of asthmatic attack or exacerbations

    uAllows providers to develop patient-tailored treatment plans

    uAllows prompt management of any change in patient’s condition

    uAdjusting drugs stepwise helps patients to gain & maintain control of the disease proces

    uReferences

    uEfraij K & Mark F. (2015). Current and emerging treatments for severe asthma.
    J
    Thorac
    Dis
    . 7(11), E522–E525.

    uHorak F, Daniel D, Eber E, Horak E, Pohl W, osef R, et al. (2016). Diagnosis and management of asthma – Statement on the 2015 GINA Guidelines.
    Wien
    Klin

    Wochenschr
    . 128(15), 541–554.

    uAnise A & Romana H. (2016). Patient-centered outcomes research to improve asthma outcomes.
    Clinical reviews in allergy and immunology
    . 138(6), 1503–1510.

    uReddel H, Eric B, Becker A, Cruz A, Drazen J et al. (2015). A summary of the new GINA strategy: a roadmap to asthma control.
    Eur Respir J
    . 46(3), 622–639.

    u

  • Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay

    Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay

    Choose a Quality Improvement Model from Chapter 5 in the Spath (2018) textbook, and apply this model to your practice problem. Please do not choose Lean or Six Sigma as your quality model unless you have an expert in these quality models in your organization to guide you through the process.

    PDSA (p.124).

    RCI (p.127).

    FOCUS PDCA (p.128).

    FADE (p.129).

    Post a Discussion entry describing the model that you selected and how each step of the model will be used to develop the plan for the Practice Experience Project. Continue to collaborate with the selected individuals in your practice environment as needed in the development of the Practice Experience Project, and share this information with your group. Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay.

     

    Using the FADE Quality Improvement Model to Solve the Performance Problem of Not Finishing Drug Rounds on Time

    The quality improvement model for solving the practice problem identified in this paper is the FADE model. The identified practice problem is the inability of ward nurses to finish drug rounds on time. This has been leading to other tasks like patient preparation for theatre being delayed, with unpleasant consequences. FADE was developed by a firm that specializes in quality solutions and patient satisfaction. It is an acronym that stands for its four phases, namely Focus, Analyze, Develop, and Execute (Spath, 2018; HHS, 2011; Davis, 2007; IDPH, n.d.) Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay.

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    Applying FADE to the Late Drug Rounds Problem

    Focus
    : The problem has been that ward nurses are unable to finish drug rounds on time. This has been happening despite the fact that they almost always start the round at the designated time. Inevitably, when the drug round delays, other tasks that the same nurses are supposed to do also delay Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay. This affects the quality of nursing care delivered and leads to dissatisfied patients.

    Analyze
    : Assessment of the problem shows that the ward round that is most affected is the 1700 hours round. It has been noted that this round happens immediately after the visiting time for relatives and friends of the patients. It appears that the nurses get distracted by calls from the patients and their visitors as they pose questions about their care.

    Develop
    : There is need to ensure that the hospital security enforces the visiting time start and end strictly to avoid interference with the drug round. Registered nurses who are the clinical leaders should also delegate some duties so that the nurse doing drug rounds does not have to attend to other tasks. Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay.

    Execute
    : The above plan/ solution is put in place. After a while, there is notable improvement in the time the ward round is ending. A few relatives to patients are still adamant and want to extend their stay with their loved ones. But overall, the hospital security has managed to do a good job. There is still room for improvement.

    References

    Davis, E.D. (2007). A quality improvement project in diabetes patient education during hospitalization.
    Diabetes Spectrum, 13
    (4).
    http://journal.diabetes.org/diabetesspectrum/00v13n4/page228.asp

    Iowa Department of Public Health [IDPH] (n.d.).
    Quality improvement
    . Retrieved 6 March 2020 from
    https://idph.iowa.gov/Portals/1/Files/WICPortal/Resources_13_2013_WIC_Contractor_s_Meeting_QI_Presentation.pdf

    Spath, P.L. (2018).
    Introduction to healthcare quality management, 3
    nd
    ed
    . Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press.

    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS] (2011).
    Quality improvement
    . Retrieved 6 March 2020 from
    https://www.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/quality/toolbox/pdfs/qualityimprovement.pdf  
     Applying FADE Quality Improvement Model Essay

  • PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

    PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

    Personal Worldview Inventory

    Write a 1250-1600 word essay on your personal worldview.

    In 250-300 words, explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.

    In 250-300 words, explain what scientism is and describe two of the main arguments against it.

    In 750-1,000 words, answer each of the worldview questions according to your own personal perspective and worldview: (a) What is ultimate reality? (b) What is the nature of the universe? (c) What is a human being? (d) What is knowledge? (e) What is your basis of ethics? (f) What is the purpose of your existence? PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

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    Personal Worldview Inventory

    Student A. Sample

    Grand Canyon University: PHI 413V

    Date

     

    Personal Worldview Inventory

    Introduction

    The first paragraph of your paper is your introduction paragraph. Per APA 6
    th
    ed, paragraphs must be a minimum of three sentences long. In addition, think of your introduction paragraph as a funnel. The beginning of the paragraph starts out broad and then funnels down into something more specific with regards to content. The first or the last sentence in your introduction paragraph is usually your thesis sentence. This sentence describes for your audience what your paper will include. PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

    Meanings of Spirituality

    In this area you will discuss in 5-7 sentences the various meanings of spirituality. You want 5-7 separate sentences or a separate paragraph from the subheadings provided below.

    Christian Perspective on the Nature of Spirituality and Ethics within Healthcare

    The subheading above would be used if there are several sections within the topic labeled in a heading. The subheading is flush left and bolded, with each word of four letters or more capitalized.  In this area you want to explain sociological perspectives and its relevance to spirituality in the context of managed care.  This area should be about 5-7 sentences in length.

    Postmodern Relativism Views of Spirituality and Ethics within Healthcare

    APA dictates that you should avoid having only one subsection heading and subsection within a section. In other words, use at least two subheadings under a main heading, or do not use any at all PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template.  In this area make sure that you explain the philosophical perspectives and its relevance to spirituality in the context of managed care.  This section should be a minimum of 5-7 sentences.

    Religious and Cultural Context of Modern Health Care and Medicine

    REMEMBER to cite AND reference all sources used for this paper. If you paraphrase information, cite and reference and if you use direct quotes cite and reference also. In this area please explain the areas such as pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism and how they impact modern health care and medicine.  Use the subheadings below that I provide (or any others that you can think of that relate to this topic).  Each subheading should have at least 3-5 sentences to meet APA formatting. PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template.

    Pluralism

    In this area please briefly explain the concept of pluralism.  Give brief arguments against this concept. Make sure you have at least 3-5 sentences in this area.

    Scientism

               
    In this area please briefly explain the concept of scientism. Give brief arguments against this concept. Make sure you have at least 3-5 sentences in this area.

    Postmodernism

               
    In this area please briefly explain the concept of postmodernism. Give brief arguments against this concept. Make sure you have at least 3-5 sentences in this area.

    Seven Basic Worldview Questions

    In this area you will address each of the questions with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will use the subheadings that are provided below.

    What is prime reality?

    In this area you will answer this question in 3-5 sentences.  You will want to explain what you think gives a person a sense of what is real or what reality is in your own life. Who or what defines what is real for you personally?

    What is the nature of the world around us?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain if you think the world is chaotic and senseless or if it has meaning and order created by God. Does the universe have order and significance or does it just simply exist?

    What is a human being?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain what makes a person a human being.  Things like is a person created with value in the image of God or is a person just made from scientific matter with not much purpose and value in life. PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template.

    What happens to a person at death?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain exactly what you think happens to a person when they die.  What happens to their body and soul?

    Why is it possible to know anything at all?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain how a person gains knowledge and insight in this world.  In other words does it come from God or does it come from within?  What is the authority and source of all knowledge?  How does our understanding of these things help obtain knowledge in life and how does this impact what we know in life?

    How do we know what is right and wrong?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain how you know what is right and wrong in life.  Is there ultimate truth that helps decide what is right and wrong or are things relative and everyone decides what is right and wrong for their self?

    What is the meaning of human history?

    In this area you will answer this question with a 3-5 sentence response.  You will explain what the significance of human history is in our lives.  Does our history and our past influence our future and how we live our lives today?  Can we find meaning in this life?  Can we find purpose?

    When you are ready to write, and after having read these instructions completely, you can delete these directions and start typing. The formatting should stay the same. However, one item that you will have to change is the page header, which is placed at the top of each page along with the page number. The words included in the page header should be reflective of the title of your paper, so that if the pages are intermixed with other papers they will be identifiable. I have done this for you in this sample.

    Conclusion

    The conclusion reviews and wraps up what you have discussed in your paper. This area needs to be 3-5 sentences in length. The conclusion also kind of restates your thesis for your paper. The conclusion is not a place to bring up new information that has not been previously discussed in the body of the paper. The conclusion should bring a feeling of completion to the audience. All paragraphs of your paper should also be about the same uniform length. One mistake that I frequently see in academic papers is that of nice robust paragraphs in the body of the paper and then the conclusion is much shorter. This adds to the audience feeling of the paper being unfinished. Therefore aim to look at your paragraphs and make sure that they are at least similar in length. PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

    References

    For most assignments, you are required to have a minimum of 3 references. Of these three references, at least one of these must be a scholarly, peer reviewed journal article from the GCU library with a working permalink

    In addition, remember that you are going to have to have a biblical verse present in this paper. For APA writing, the bible is considered a “Classical work”. This means that the bible is cited with the verse & translation in the body of the paper; the bible does not appear as a reference on your reference page PHI 413V Personal Worldview Inventory sample template

  • NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay

    NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay

    Introduction

    Infectious diseases for a long time have plagued society and effecting people globally.  These are communicable diseases that have the potential of being transmitted from one person to the next either directly or indirectly via vector.  Upon transmission from one person to another, the disease takes over the body’s natural defense mechanisms by discharging toxins throughout the body. The professional community health nurse must understand the different aspects of a disease when working and serving a community. The nurse needs to know how the disease progresses, as well as the effects of the communicable disease if it’s not managed accordingly. Nurses are one of many mandated reporters of communicable diseases and should know and recognize the signs and symptoms of approximately 80 communicable diseases that is currently known to exists (ACPHD, 2013). Tuberculosis (TB), has been known as a communicable disease that is global concern and has also been recognized as the leading cause of death among underprivileged populations. NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay. Keeping a watchful eye is an important part of a plan to maintaining control of TB. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the pathophysiology, development, and transmission of TB.  In addition, the epidemiology triangle, the role of the professional nurse, and issues surrounding TB will be addressed.

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    Description and Pathophysiology of Tuberculosis

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    (Mtb) is known as a pathogenic and highly infectious bacterium that comes in different strains, which can potentially influence how the disease takes its course.  The virus attacks individuals with weakened immune system making them susceptible to being infected with the tuberculosis virus.  As soon as the individual becomes infected with Mtb, they instantaneously convert to a host or reservoir of TB.  The primary transmission mode of TB is through the air; however, there are possibilities of the virus being transmitted after an individual coughs, sneezes, or spits via droplets.  The droplets linger in the air and an uninfected person breathes in the bacterium into their lungs and then becomes infected. TB infection requires a favorable environment like closed rooms or spaces or prison to cause an infection.  Climate affects the survival and transmission of the virus, meaning everything such temperature of the environment, ventilation, and humidity level, etc. NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay.

    (ALA, 2014) postulated that, an individual who has acquired the tuberculin infection may not show symptoms.  According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2014), The following signs and symptoms are known to be indicative of possible TB virus: coughing that typically lasts longer than two weeks along bloody sputum, unexplained fatigue, unintentional weight loss, fever, chills night sweat, and difficulty breathing (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, 2014.  In order to test and confirm active infection of the TB virus a medical professional will do a purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test, chest x-ray, and/or CT scan. Another method of testing for TB is through a serum test called the interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay.

    Globally, it is estimated that one third of the world’s population has been impacted by the tuberculin virus. According to the CDC (2014), there were nearly 3.2 TB reported cases in every 100,000 in the United States alone in 2103.  Without a doubt, the tuberculin virus poses as a direct threat to individuals with the HIV/AIDS infections, the homeless, incarcerated, healthcare employees, and individuals living in deplorable communities, placing them at greater risk of infection.  Infection by Mtb is a complex and multistage process proceeding from the initial encounter with the pathogen.

     

     

    Epidemiology Triangle

    The study of epidemiology is to study the process of a disease and gaining an understanding of why they happen.  In order for a disease or injury to occur, a sufficient mode of transmittance ought to be present.  When a disease begins to spread either locally, nationally, or globally it is considered an epidemic. Epidemiologist gathers data to understand the source of the disease and take action to halt the spread of the disease.  In epidemiology, consists of investigative methods with steps to presenting a solution to a problem. These investigative methods are known as descriptive, analytic, as well as, experimental. The descriptive aspects of epidemiology collect data pertaining to the time of occurrence, the individual it affects, the place, and how the disease affects and influence the level of the body’s immune system.

    Epidemiology triangle describes the chain of infection showing the events that takes place when an infection is spread from one source to the next.  When a disease agents such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and virus come around carrying infections spreading the disease through means of contact, the air, touch, etc, that is considered a communicable diseases. For the agent to survive and have the ability to spread the infection, it needs a host with a portal of entry and environment conducive to survival. As previously mentioned, TB is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CDC, 2014). The lungs are usually primary organ that is attacked by the TB bacterium; but the virus can also attack other parts of the human body.  For instance, it can attack the kidneys, central nervous system, as well as the lymphatic system affecting their normal functions. The TB bacteria can become fatal very fast if it is not treated accordingly.  There are a number of situations that can take place when the bacteria enter the body. The body can fight it off naturally with its defense mechanisms; the bacteria can become dormant in the body waiting for the perfect opportunity to take over the body’s defense mechanisms.  To clarify further, as the bacteria enter the latent stage, it is unable to spread the infection to others.  NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay. The host stays asymptomatic. Furthermore, bacteria have the ability to take over prone immune systems and as a result, the host is now ill. The ailing individual can spread the TB virus through the air by simply coughing.

    Evidence Based Practice & Role of the Professional Nurse

    According to Varaei, et al (2013) “Evidence-based Nursing (EBN) is based on the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to facilitate clinical decision-making, and it may become a vital part of quality improvement in nursing practice” (p. 251). The role of the professional nurse is paramount in implementing EBP. The nurse can help prevent a varying complications associated with TB and providing education patients.  The goal is to provide the best nursing care possible.

    In any aspect of patient care, the professional nurses should be well aware of a disease and competent to care for the patient including the patient with tuberculosis.   The nurse must first fully comprehend the process of the infectious diseases such as TB. As the bacterium gets in the lungs, it reproduces very fast causing the lungs to become inflamed. “The flamed tissues form tubercles causing tissue necrosis at the center of a lesion called caseation necrosis as inflamed tissues are surrounded by collagen, fibroblasts and lymphocytes. These tubercles can become calcified or liquefied” (CD, 2014, para 5).  The solidified tubercles can be seen on a chest x-ray exam.  The nodular lesions in the lungs liquefy have the possibility of leaking into any of the air passages of the lungs, for instance the trachea that leads to the lungs causing an infection.  At first, the infection in the lungs may not be specific and body’s immune system may respond by producing specific antibodies.  That is to say, if the body’s immune system is healthy and strong, it can fight off the infection on its own and nothing else needs to be done.  Cell mediated immunity, which is an immune response that excludes the use of antibodies, but involves activating antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes with various cytokines released to fight off an antigen (ALA, 2014). This can grow in 2 to 10 weeks after the sign of first infection. Interestingly enough, some people may be immune to the TB virus; but they will have positive test result for the PPD skin test; however, can test negative on chest x-ray because they are no tubercles yet formed. Typically, the initial onset of TB is slow; however, in the case of someone with a weak immune system, it can advance very rapidly.  In some case, the progression of the TB virus can take place prior to showing any signs and symptoms. If an individual with TB in the latent stage, they become immune-compromised. TB then can become active. “The symptoms of active TB are cough, chest pain, and bloody mucus. If it is not treated, TB can be fatal. But TB can almost always be treated and cured if you take medicine as directed by your healthcare provider” (ALA, 2014, p. 3).

    There a very few commonly used drugs to treat the TB virus.  Antibiotics such as isoniazid (INH) can be given combined with other drugs like rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.  In case of complicated Tb, the drug called Streptomycin may be prescribed to it.  NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay. As short as a few weeks of receiving treatment, a person infected with the TB virus will no longer be contagious to spread the virus to others. The average duration of TB treatment is between six to 12 months.  There are complications that can become a problem during treatment because the bacterium could potentially become resistant to the drugs resulting in the need for multiple drugs to be used to successfully treat the TB virus. After treatment is over, there is a possibility of  necrotized tissues left in the lungs, but can be removed with surgery. Lack of compliance due to adherence to medication can also cause some serious complications (ALA, 2014).

    Social Determinants of Health

    There are several factors that take part in the social determinants of health are when it comes to the to the populations that the tuberculosis infections impact. “Socioeconomic equalities, rapid urbanization, rapid increase in population have caused the unequal rise and distribution of the social determinants of TB” (WHO, 2014, para 6).  For example,

    Age and sex

    Behaviors: smoking, drugs & alcohol use, and practicing safe sex

    Income, social class status

    Malnutrition from lack of food supply,

    Living in crowding or enclosed conditions,

    Financial instability, and cultural barriers to access health care as need, just to                              name a few.                                                                                                                                     As a result, these social determinants regulate how the TB virus is spread amongst certain populations, result in exposure to the virus, and how the disease progresses. TB disease has become a worldwide issue in the healthcare realm.

    Community health nurses can make an impact by helping stop the spread of TB when the reinforce the importance of following the treatment plan for TB and teaching the public how the disease takes its course of action to those who are already infected.  Federal law states that all healthcare providers, including nurses, are mandated reporters for all TB cases that they encounter.  These cases have to be reported to the local health department to be recorded.  It’s a community health nurse’s duty and responsibility to educate local communities everything that they need to know about tuberculosis.  They have to educate and stress the importance of completing TB treatment to patients.  Failure to complete treatment can cause significant damage to the lungs and other organs in the body and most definitely reinfection of TB.  When someone is re-infected with the TB bacterium, they can become resistant to drug therapy. Once TB bacterium becomes resistant, it’s hard and very expensive to treat and manage.  If a patient has positive infection, patient’s family should be tested and educated about maintaining isolation precaution.  Many of the organizations like World Health Organization (WHO) are joined to work in different counties in the fight against TB.

                                                               
    Supportive Agencies

    The Division of Tuberculosis Elimination has been recognized as the chief agency for having the best resources relating to TB (CDC, 2014).  They further explained that, management in preventing, controlling, and potentially eliminating TB in the United          States, through collaboration with other agencies at the community, state, and         international levels. This can be accomplished as DTBE takes on the following             functions: developing and advocating for effective and appropriate TB prevention and            control policies; supporting a nationwide framework for monitoring TB morbidity and             mortality; detects and investigates TB outbreaks; conducts clinical, epidemiological,          behavioral, and operational research to enhance TB prevention and control efforts; evaluates prevention effectiveness; provides funding and technical help to state and local             health departments; and provides training, education, and technical information services             to state and local health departments (CDC, 2015, para. 13) NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay.

    Conclusion

    Tuberculosis (TB) is one the deadliest and highly contagious diseases around the world, in which millions of lives have succumb to this epidemic lingering around for centuries.  As professional nurses, it’s our duty to effectively educate the public about this communicable disease. Individuals who lack knowledge of the spread and management of TB are urged to seek information to truly understand the severity of this disease.  Most importantly, persons infected with the TB virus need to understand the importance of starting treatment early and completing the course of the treatment to avoid irreversible complications. As healthcare providers, we all need to work together to help with diagnosis, reporting, and follow up care of individual with TB.  As long as of health care providers are making collaborative efforts and continuing to educate the public about the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis, this will help to reduce the number cases of TB and possibly some day eradicate this disease for good NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay.

    References

    Communicable Disease. (n.d.).
    – ACPHD
    . Retrieved from http://www.acphd.org/communicable-  disease.

    Communicable disease. (n.d.).
    Merriam-Webster
    . Retrieved from http://www.merriam-            webster.com/medical/communicable%20disease

    Medical News Today. (2014). What is tuberculosis? What causes tuberculosis? Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8856.php

    Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment (ALA, 2014). (n.d.).
    American Lung Association
    . Retrieved             from http://www.lung.org/lung-disease/tuberculosis/symptoms-diagnosis.html

    .
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 
    (2014). TB Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/TB/

    Varaei, S., Salsali, M., Cheraghi, M.,Tehrani, MRM., & Heshman, R. (2013).

    Education and implementing evidence‑based nursing.
    Iranian Journal of Nursing and

    Midwifery Research
    ,
    18
    (3), 251-257.

    World Health Organization. (2014). The stop TB strategy. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/tb/strategy/en NRS-427VN Concepts in Community and Public Health -Tuberculosis EPIDEMIOLOGY essay

  • Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay

    Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay

    Discussion: Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders

    In 
    clinical settings
    , head, eye, ear, nose, and throat (HEENT) disorders account for the majority of pediatric visits. With the prevalence of these disorders, you must be familiar with their signs and symptoms as well as evidence-based practices for assessment and treatment. Although many pediatric patients present with common HEENT disorders such as ear infections, allergies, and strep throat, some patients present with rare disorders requiring specialist care. In your role, making this distinction between when to treat and when to refer is essential. For this Discussion, examine the following case studies and consider potential diagnoses and management strategies.

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    Case Study 1:

    HPI: A mother presents with her 2-year-old African American male child with complaints of ear pain and decreased sleep. Earlier this week, he had a runny nose and congestion with a mild cough that occurred mostly when lying down. His temperature is 100.7.

    PE: Pt is walking around room, exploring in no acute distress.

    HEENT: Mild nasal congestion, clear postnasal drainage, and lungs clear to auscultation. Ear exam reveals right tympanic membrane erythematous, translucent, in a neutral position, with no pus or fluid noted. Left tympanic membrane is full, reddish/orange in appearance, and opaque with pus. Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay.

    Neck: Shotty anterior cervical adenopathy

    Lungs: Clear to auscultation

    To prepare:

    • Review “Eye Disorders” and “Ear Disorders” in the Burns et al. text.

    • Review the three case studies focusing on the case that is assigned to you. Analyze the patient information, including the parent’s perspective.

    • Consider a differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Think about the most likely diagnosis for the patient. Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay.

    • Think about a treatment and management plan for the patient. Be sure to consider appropriate dosages for any recommended pharmacologic and/or non-pharmacologic treatments.

    • Consider strategies for educating parents on the child’s disorder and reducing any concerns/fears presented in the case study.

    By Day 3

    Post an analysis of your assigned case by responding to the following:

    o What additional questions will you ask?

     Has the case addressed the LOCATES mnemonic? If not, what else do you need to ask? What additional history will you need? (Think FMH, allergies, meds and so forth, that might be pertinent in arriving to your differential diagnoses).

    o What additional examinations or diagnostic tests, if any will you conduct?

    o What are your differential diagnoses? What historical and physical exam features support your rationales? Provide at least 3 differentials.

    o What is your most likely diagnosis and why? Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay

    o How will you treat this child?

     Provide medication treatment and symptomatic care.

     Provide correct medication dosage. Use the knowledge you learned from this week’s and previous weeks’ readings as well as what you have learned from pharmacology to help you with this area.

    o Patient Education, Health Promotion & Anticipatory guidance:

     Explain strategies for educating parents on their child’s disorder and reducing any concerns/fears presented in the case study.

     Include any socio-cultural barriers that might impact the treatment and management plans.

     Health Promotion:

     What immunizations should this child have had?

     Based on the child’s age, when is the next well visit?

     At the next well visit, what are the next set of immunizations?

     What additional anticipatory guidance should be provided today? Evaluation & Management of HEENT Disorders Essay

  • NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions

    NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions

    NUR-513 Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing

    NUR 513: Week #5 DQ 2 Choose one nursing theorist and discuss how you would apply a selected theoretical model to your practice setting. How would this model affect EBP in your practice setting? Patricia Brenner is a theorist that proposed that there are 5 stages of nursing excellence. Benner introduced the concept that expert nurses develop skills and understanding of patient care over time through a sound educational base as well as a multitude of experiences. The focus of education and actual hands on skills guide the nurse through a path from “novice” to “expert”. “[Benner] further explains that the development of knowledge in applied disciplines such as medicine and nursing is composed of the extension of practical knowledge (know how) through research and the characterization and understanding of the “know how” of clinical experience (“Currentnursing.com”, 2010) NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions. I have been employed in both teaching facilities/hospitals and now as an educator of Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN……..

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    NUR 513 Week #2 DQ 2

    Identify and discuss the key components of theory analysis, theory synthesis, and theory derivation. Since the science of nursing relies on continuous research and advancement in the field of medicine in order to better meet the needs of our patients it is important to understand the theories as they exist. When discussing the formula involved in constructing nursing theories/models there are three core approaches that can be utilized. One may choose to formulate their own nursing theory by means of theory derivation, theory synthesis or theory analysis. Walker and Avant (2011) characterize derivation as a concept based on an analogy or metaphor, in which the idea can be transposed to another field of study NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions. Derivation is a technique that is useful when ideas have evolved since the original concept analysis of a theory. This allows the researcher and the student alike to utilize the original theory as a foundation to build off of with new technology, information or voc

    NUR 513 Week #3 
    DQ 
    #1

    What nursing theory or theorist is used in your place of employment, if you don’t 
    use one which one should be used? Why?
     
    My profession includes the instruction of future licensed practical nurses. I believe a 
    theory that could be used in this type of environment would be Jean Watson’s 10 Carative 
    Factors. McCance, McKenna and Boore (1999), summarized Watson’s theory based on her 
    view of
     
     “nursing as a human science, with the major focus being the process of human care for 
     
    individuals, families and groups”.
     
    Jean Watson sought to demonstrate that varying levels of 
    caring could provide a more positive atmosphere to encourage optimal health. 
    Jean Watson’s 
    theory also supports that “caring is central to nursing”. 
    Watson also hypothesized that caring 
    can promote growth, that a caring environment offers the development of potential, and that 
    caring also can also promote better health than ju………..

    NUR 513 Week 3: DQ #2

    What is the difference between theory-guided practice and evidence-based practice? Provide an example of one of them used in your area of nursing practice. Evidence based practice (EBP) has more recently been the gold standard for nursing care, treatment, and interventions. Walker and Avant (2011) cited the definition of EBP per Eisenberg (1998) as the “[method] that draws on the findings of research to provide information to improve patient care for each individual, while at the same time challenging researchers to address the questions for which clinicians and patients most urgently need information”. NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions. EBP as a method of research tends to investigate and challenge hypothesis through trial and error studies to find the most effective practical solutions that can then be translated into actual practice in the patient care environments (TGP). TGP is a more generalized method of nursing evolution that addresses issues in the broadest of sen……

    NUR 513 Week #4 DQ #1

    What are the tenets of the metaparadigm as defined by Nightingale, Orem, Roy, and Watson? How does each theorist differ from the others? Who do you relate to the most? The tenets of metaparadigm have been classified into four categories. These four categories have been defined as nursing, person, environment and health. With the evolution of nursing theory there have been many theorists who utilize these metaparadigms as the framework for their theory/model. Although the commonality between many theorists is this framework of metaparadigms, each theorist differs in how they define each tenent of the metaparadigm. According to Nightingale, a person is viewed as a patient. Furthermore, Nightingale referenced nursing as the care or tasks that are implemented on behalf of the patient and for the patient. In relation to the environment, Nightingale stressed the importance of the environment in guiding the patient to recov……………NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions

    NUR 513: 
    Week 4 DQ #2

    What three main factors do you feel influenced the nurse theorist’s definitions 
    and descriptions of the components of the metaparadigm in their respective 
    models? Explain. 
    In order for nursing theory to evolve it is imperative that it involves education, research, 
    and actual functional characteristics in the practical field. 
    In order for a nursing theorist to 
    completely explain their theory/model it must fully be researched to find supportive information 
    and then tested to verify the validity of the proposed theory. 
    When discussing the 
    metaparadigm of nursing, it is important to know the four main factors that are the framework of 
    the metaparadigm. 
    These four factors include the person, environment, nursing, and health.
     
    Most nursing theorist formed their own theories/models based on this framework. 
    They 
    may have had slightly different definitions tha…………..

    Analysis of a Nursing Conceptual Model Presentation: Overview

    Dorothea Orem’s theory of Self Care Nursing had several related parts, the theory of self-
     
    care, the theory of self-care deficit and the theory of the nursing system. 
    The first part is the 
    practice of activities that an individual initiates and performs on their behalf in maintaining a 
    wellbeing, life and health. It is associated with the life process of maintenance of the integrity of 
    human structure and functioning. This is essential in all teaching in health care. We want to 
    promote our patients caring for themselves so they can be at the highest level of functioning for 
    them. The second part with self-care deficit specifies when nursing is need. This is when the 
    patient is incapable or limited to the provisions of continuous self-care. This is where all our 
    nursing skills come into play. It is also a teaching opportunity, we can teach o……………… NUR-513: Introduction to Advanced Registered Nursing Discussion Questions