Tag: Clinical-Nursing

  • scott becker gastrointestinal system hourly rounds shadow health Transcript

    Scott Becker gastrointestinal system hourly rounds shadow health Transcript Transcript

    Started:
    August 16, 2023 |
    Total Time:
    249 min

    All Lines (207)
    Interview Questions (143)
    Statements (14)
    Exam Actions (50)

    HI, my name is xx, I am your nurse today. I am going to ask you some questions and exam you.

    Greet

    09/18/23 1:54 PM EDT

    Hello.

    What brings you here today Mr.Becker?

    GET SHADOW HEALTH HELP HERE

    Question

    09/18/23 1:55 PM EDT

    I’ve been having some pretty serious stomach pain. I’ve been strangely tired. And when I threw up and there was blood in it . . . I figured things were serious enough that I should finally get checked out.

    I am sorry to hear that you are experiencing pain.It must be scary to see blood in your vomitus.You made the right decision to come to the hospital.We will take good care of you. (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:00 PM EDT

    Was it the first time you vomited blood? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:02 PM EDT

    I am sorry to hear that you are having pain.

    Empathize

    09/18/23 2:05 PM EDT

    I am sorry to hear that you have pain. (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:03 PM EDT

    Thank you.

    I am sorry to hear that you are having pain.That is the right decision you made to come to the hospital.

    Educate

    09/18/23 2:09 PM EDT scott becker gastrointestinal system hourly rounds shadow health Transcript

    Ah, makes sense.

    Was it the first time you had bloody vomitus? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:12 PM EDT

    Was it the first time you had bloody vomitus?Have you noticed any blood in the stool? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:13 PM EDT

    Was it the first time you had bloody vomitus?Have you noticed any blood in the stool? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:14 PM EDT

    Was it the first time you had bloody vomitus?Have you noticed any blood in the stool?How long have you been having abdominal pain? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:15 PM EDT

    How long have you been having abdominal pain?

    Question

    09/18/23 2:15 PM EDT

    It started around three or four months ago. It got even worse the last week.

    What is the pain like?

    Question

    09/18/23 2:17 PM EDT

    It’s like a gnawing, burning pain in my stomach.

    Is the pain moving around or is it staying in one place?

    Question

    09/18/23 2:19 PM EDT

    No, it stays pretty much where it is, in the upper left part of my belly.

    When do you experience the pain? (Clarified to How long ago did you have the pain last?.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:20 PM EDT

    I’m feeling it right now. (Clarified to when I last experienced the pain.)

    How long ago did you have the pain last?

    Question

    09/18/23 2:22 PM EDT

    I’m feeling it right now. scott becker gastrointestinal system hourly rounds shadow health Transcript

    How would you rate the pain on a scale of 0-10? . Ten being the worst pain. (Clarified to Can you rate your current pain level on a scale of 0 to 10?.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:24 PM EDT

    Right now, maybe a 4 or 5 out of 10. (Clarified to how I would rate my pain on a scale.)

    How have you been taking care of pain at home?

    Question

    09/18/23 2:26 PM EDT

    I’ve been tired all the time, lately. I’ve also had a lot more stomach pain than I used to. I thought the stress was just getting to me, or I was just feeling my age catching up, but then I threw up this morning and I’m pretty sure there was blood.
    That’s why I’m here right now
    .

    Do you also feel lightheadedness and dizziness? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:31 PM EDT

    Vomiting blood and feeling tired could be signs of serious problem. You made the right decision coming to the hospital.

    Educate

    09/18/23 2:35 PM EDT

    OK, cool.

    Can you estimate how much blood was in the vomitus? (No matching questions found.)

    Question

    09/18/23 2:38 PM EDT

    The dark flecks of vomitus could mean that the blood has been in the stomach for some time.

    Educate

    09/18/23 2:43 PM EDT

    Gotcha.

    Next time keep the vomitus for me to…. scott becker gastrointestinal system hourly rounds shadow health Transcript

  • Fatima Khan Shadow Health Documentation

    Fatima Khan Shadow Health Documentation

    Vitals

    Vitals

    0800

    1000

    1200

    Temp (<38° C) 36.7° C 36.5° C BP (<120/80) 124/80 122/78 HR (60-100) 70 68 RR (12-20) 18 18 O2 Sat (>94%)

    99%

    99%

     

    My Provider Notes

    Student Documentation

    Model Documentation

    Subjective

    Ms Fatina Khan is a patient who is preparing for her surgery. She report to .. or fatigue

    Ms. Fatima Khan is a 44 year old female that is admitted for acute cholelithiasis and is scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy today. Upon initial assessment, she is oriented to person only and states that she is feeling confused. She … and shaky. She also reports a rapid heartbeat. She denies any gastrointestinal problems. The patient states…Fatima Khan Shadow Health Documentation

    GET SHADOWHEALTH HELP HERE 

    Education & Empathy 
    : 2 of 2 (100.0%)

    During the patient interview, there are a number of opportunities to provide patient education and empathy. The opportunities listed below are those identified by nursing experts to be of particular importance to this patient. A 
    Model Statement
     is provided as an example of an appropriate response to each opportunity.

    Opportunities marked as 
    Not Encountered
     are opportunities that were not elicited in the interview

    Opportunities marked as 
    Not Followed Up
     are missed opportunities that were present in the interview, but where no statements were made

    Opportunities marked as 
    Followed Up
     were followed up by students, and include the dialogue between student and patient

     1 Symptoms

    Followed Up

     Description: 
    Ms. Khan expresses that she feels ill and describes her symptoms as confusion, sweatiness, and rapid heartbeat.

    Do you have any heart problem?

    Question

    05:26 PM EDT

    Not usually, but . . . it’s beating rapidly right now.

    I am sorry to hear that

    Question

    05:26 PM EDT

    I can hear you fine. Fatima Khan Shadow Health Documentation

    For how long has your heart been beating rapidly?

    Question

    05:29 PM EDT

    I don’t know when it began.

    Do you feel nauseated?

    Question

    05:29 PM EDT

    I’m not nauseated. I just feel really strange.

    I am sorry about that. We shall establish the problem and make you feel better

    Empathize

    05:30 PM EDT

    Thank you.

     Model Statement: 
    “I’m sorry to hear that you are feeling like this. Your rapid heartbeat, sweatiness, and confusion may be symptoms of a change in your condition. I’m going to do everything I can to get you feeling better.”

     2 Identifying Cause of Symptoms

    Followed Up

     Description: 
    Ms. Khan reports recently administering a bolus of insulin despite a normal blood glucose reading.

    Have you taken any medications? (Clarified to: What medicines have you taken lately?)

    Question

    05:30 PM EDT

    I just took it Fatima Khan Shadow Health Documentation. (Clarified to: what medicines I have taken lately)

    Do you know why you were given the medicine (Clarified to: Do you know why you are here today?)

    Question

    05:31 PM EDT

    I . . . um . . . well, I’m not sure why I’m here. (Clarified to: if I know why I am here)

    Which medication did you take

    Question

    05:32 PM EDT

    I just took it.

    do you know the name of the medicine you just took (Clarified to: What medications do you take?)

    Question

    05:33 PM EDT

    Ah . . . I’m taking Sim . . . Sima . . . vast . . . ah . . . for my heart, and um . . . insulin. Um . . . (Clarified to: what medications I am taking)

    When was your last dose of insulin

    Question

    05:33 PM EDT

    Um . . . I just gave myself insulin.

    Do you have any pain

    Question

    05:37 PM EDT

    No . . . it isn’t a pain.

    Do you have any special needs (Clarified to: Do you have any religious preferences while you are here?)

    Question

    05:38 PM EDT

    I am a Muslim, so please only provide halal foods and medicines. I would also prefer you try to only touch me with your right hand. (Clarified to: if I have religious preferences while I am here)
    Fatima Khan Shadow Health
    Documentation

    Thats okay, we will try our best to meet your needs and preferences

    Empathize

    05:39 PM EDT

    Thank you very much.

     Model Statement: 
    “Based on your symptoms and what you’ve told me about taking an insulin bolus recently, it’s possible you may have administered too much insulin. It’s important to use your insulin only when your blood glucose reading indicates the need for a bolus. When you take more insulin than is required, this can make you feel ill, meaning you may feel symptoms such as confusion, sweatiness, and a rapid heartbeat.”

  • Fatima Khan Endocrine System Hourly Rounds Shadow health Objective data

    Fatima Khan Endocrine System Hourly Rounds Shadow health Objective data

    Objective Data Collection: 10 of 10 (100.0%)

    Correct

    Partially Correct

    Incorrect

    Missed

    Assessed General Appearance

    1 of 1 points

    Patient Appearance
     (1.00/1.00 point)

    Patient appears comfortable, and is not presenting visually with acute distress or illness

    Patient appears uncomfortable, or is presenting visually with acute distress or illness

    Assessed Vitals

    1 of 1 points

    Blood Pressure

    (1.00/1.00 point)

    Normotensive

    Hypertensive

    Hypotensive

    Heart Rate
     (0.20/0.20 point)

    No abnormal findings

    Bradycardic

    Tachycardic

    GET INSTANT HELP HERE 

    O2 Saturation
     (0.20/0.20 point)

    No abnormal findings

    Hypoxemia

    Respiratory Rate
     (0.20/0.20 point)

    No abnormal findings

    Bradypnea

    Tachypnea

    Temperature
     (0.20/0.20 point)

    Normothermic

    Hyperthermic

    Hypothermic

    Assessed IV

    1 of 1 points

    Insertion Site
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    No visible abnormal signs

    Erythema

    Infiltration

    Dressing
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    Dressing is dry and intact

    Dressing is moist and/or not intact

    IV Fluid
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    Patent upon flushing

    Not patent upon flushing

    Assessed Peripheral Pulses

    1 of 1 points

    Radial Artery Amplitude
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    0: Absent

    1+: Diminished or barely palpable

    2+: Expected

    3+: Increased

    4+: Bounding pulse

    Fatima Khan Endocrine System Hourly Rounds Shadow health Objective data

    Dorsalis Pedis Artery Amplitude
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    0: Absent

    1+: Diminished or barely palpable

    2+: Expected

    3+: Increased

    4+: Bounding pulse

    Checked Capillary Blood Glucose

    1 of 1 points

    Timing
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    Preprandial

    Postprandial

    Level
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    < 80 mg/dL 80-130 mg/dL 130-180 mg/dL > 180 mg/dL

    Assessment
     (0.33/0.33 point)

    Normoglycemic

    Hypoglycemic

    Hyperglycemic

    Check Insulin Pump

    1 of 1 points

    Last Bolus
     (1.00/1.00 point)

    No recent bolus administered

    Manual bolus administered between 11 AM and 12 PM

    Manual bolus administered between 10 AM and 11 AM

    Fatima Khan Endocrine System Hourly Rounds
    Shadow health Objective data

    Auscultated Breath Sounds

    1 of 1 points

    Breath Sounds
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    Clear in all areas

    Diminished in some areas

    Absent in some areas

    Adventitious Sounds
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    No adventitious sounds

    Wheezing

    Fine crackles

    Stridor

    Rhonchi

    Rales

    Auscultated Heart Sounds

    1 of 1 points

    Heart Sounds

    (1.00/1.00 point)

    S1 and S2 audible

    S1, S2, and S3 audible

    S1, S2, and S4 audible

    S1, S2, S3, and S4 audible

    Extra Heart Sounds
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    No extra sounds

    Gallops

    Murmur

    Friction rub

    Valve clicks

    Inspected IV Pump

    1 of 1 points

    Fluid
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    Correct fluid

    Incorrect fluid

    Flow Rate
     (0.50/0.50 point)

    Correct rate

    Incorrect rate

    Palpated Skin

    1 of 1 points

    Skin Palpation
     (1.00/1.00 point)

    Warm and dry

    Cool and diaphoretic

    Fatima Khan Endocrine System Hourly Rounds Shadow health Objective data

  • NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS?

    NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS?

    Question 1

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    In quantitative studies, results are reported using words or themes.

    True

     

    Correct!

    False

     

    Question 2

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    A key characteristic of a systematic review is that it contains a meta-analysis.

    True

     

    Correct!

    False

     

    Question 3

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    The methods used in conducting a systematic review are specific and rigorous.

    Correct!

    True

     

    False

     

    BUY QUIZ OR EXAM HERE

    NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS? Question 4

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What type of study is described in the following excerpt?

    Surveys to evaluate nurse satisfaction, medical errors, depression and anxiety, and demographics were given to 5,432 nurses from hospitals of various sizes and geographic locations; some had nurses working 8-hour shifts and 12-hour shifts. Nurses were asked to complete the survey. Upon completion of the survey, nurses were invited to participate in video conference focus groups and one-on-one interviews with a research assistant by video conferencing. Survey results were reported using descriptive statistics, and themes were identified and reported from the data collected in the focus groups and one-on-one interviews.

    Quantitative research

     

    Qualitative research

     

    Quasi-experimental research

     

    Correct!

    Mixed-methods research

     

    Systematic reviews

     

    Question 5

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Randomized controlled trials are which type of research?

    Correct!

    Quantitative research

     

    Qualitative research

     

    Mixed-methods research

     

    Systematic review

     

    Literature review

     

    Cohort study

     

    Question 6

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Mixed-methods studies are a combination of which two methodologies?

    Quantitative research methodologies and literature reviews

     

    Correct!

    Quantitative and qualitative research methodologies

     

    Qualitative research methodologies and systematic reviews

     

    Literature reviews and qualitative research methodologies

     

    Quasi-experimental and program evaluation

     

    NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS? Question 7

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What types of information would help you identify a research study as quantitative? (Select all that apply.)

    Data is collected using such approaches as interviews, focus groups, and open-ended questions on surveys.

     

    Correct!

    Data is collected using Likert scales on surveys.

     

    Correct!

    Results are reported using numbers and statistics.

     

    Results are reported using themes and words.

     

    Question 8

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    When trying to determine what type of research study is described in an article, which two sections of the article will give you the best information to make that determination?

    Abstract and conclusion

     

    Methods and limitations

     

    Correct!

    Methods and results

     

    Introduction and results

     

    Abstract and discussion

     

    Literature review and data analysis

     

    Question 9

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Which of the following statements is true of narrative reviews? (Select all that apply.)

    Narrative reviews engage a highly structured and rigorous approach to reviewing research evidence.

     

    Correct!

    Narrative reviews provide a general background discussion of a particular issue.

     

    Narrative reviews require a rigorous, systematic approach to searching the databases for evidence.

     

    Correct!

    Narrative reviews generally review literature that support the author’s point of view on an issue or topic.

    Narrative reviews are a type of primary research.

     

    Question 10

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What kind of study is described in the following excerpt?

    Researchers are interested in studying the impact of living in a family where a child has been diagnosed with cancer. They collaborate with the oncology department at a large children’s hospital to identify and receive consent from families that have a child with a cancer diagnosis. Participants are consented and data is collected and triangulated using one-on-one interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Data is analyzed for thematic analysis.

    Quantitative research

     

    Correct!

    Qualitative research

     

    Mixed-methods research

     

    Systematic reviews

     

    Literature reviews

     

    Cohort studies

     

    Question 11

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    In a systematic review with a meta-analysis, researchers combine the results of each of the individual studies to create a larger sample size (and therefore greater power), then re-run the statistics to capture the true magnitude of the effect. The single-effect measure calculated and reported when the results from all the studies are combined is called what?

    Correct!

    Summary statistic

     

    Power analysis

     

    Confidence Interval

    Chi square

     

    Pearson’s co-efficient

    NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS? Question 12

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Order the following types of research evidence reviews in order of rigor from most rigorous to least rigorous:

    Correct!

    1

    Systematic review with meta-analysis

    Correct!

    2

    Systematic review without meta-analysis

    Correct!

    3

    Integrative review

    Correct!

    4

    Narrative review

    Question 13

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What type of information would help you identify a research study as qualitative? (Select all that apply.)

    Correct!

    Data is collected using such approaches as interviews, focus groups, and open-ended questions on surveys.

     

    Data is collected using Likert scales on surveys.

     

    Results are reported using numbers and statistics.

     

    Correct!

    Results are reported using themes and words.

     

    Data is collected using surveys with fill-in-the-blank questions.

     

    Results are reported using a mixture of numbers and themes.

     

    Question 14

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Both literature reviews and systematic reviews are types of research evidence reviews.

    Correct!

    True

     

    False

     

    Question 15

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What type of literature may a systematic review include to be considered Level 1 evidence on the Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt levels of evidence hierarchy?

    Phenomenology studies

     

    Grounded theory studies

     

    Descriptive studies

     

    Cohort studies

     

    Controlled trials without randomization

     

    Correct!

    Randomized controlled trials

     

    Question 16

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Which of the following is a type of quantitative research study?

    Phenomenology

     

    Case study

     

    Correct!

    Randomized controlled trial

     

    Ethnography

     

    Participative action research

     

    Ground theory

     

    Question 17

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    What type of study is described in the following excerpt?

    An interprofessional team wants to test a new intervention to see whether it will improve central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates. Subjects were randomized into either the intervention or the control group by pulling a slip of paper with either a one or a two written on it from a manila envelope (those pulling ones were randomized to the intervention group; those pulling twos were randomized to the control group). When the study began, the intervention group received the intervention and the control group received equal attention. Data was collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used to report the data.

    What type of research article is this?

    Correct!

    Quantitative research

     

    Qualitative research

     

    Systematic reviews

     

    Literature reviews

     

    Mixed methods

     

    Program evaluation

     

    Question 18

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    You are forming a team to do a systematic review of the literature about interventions to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which of the following would be your first step?

    Critically appraise the literature identified.

     

    Conduct an exhaustive search of multiple databases to identify the literature.

     

    Identify an explicit, reproducible methodology.

     

    Correct!

    Create a clearly stated set of objectives with predefined eligibility criteria for study inclusion.

     

    Create a dissemination plan for your systematic review.

     

    Question 19

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    Which of the following types of research can be categorized as primary research? Select all that apply.

    Correct!

    Cohort study

     

    Literature review

     

    Correct!

    Grounded theory study

     

    Correct!

    Randomized controlled trial

     

    Systematic review

     

    Correct!

    Controlled trial without randomization

     

    Question 20

    5 
    / 5
     pts

    In qualitative studies, results are reported using words or themes.

    Correct!

    True

     

    False

     

    NURS-6052 Module 2: Quiz – IS IT QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS? Quiz Score:
    100
     out of 100

  • EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

    Evidence Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim

    NURS 6052: Essential of Evidence Base Practice

    Evidence-based practice requires making patient care decisions based on the best available scientific evidence and is widely accepted as the best standard in practice. Adopting and implementing EBP in nursing and other healthcare practices is crucial to improving the quality of care and patient outcomes (Kim et al., 2016). Another model known as the quadruple aim was established to improve the performance of healthcare systems by combating the rising cost of healthcare, improving the patient care experience, and reducing burnout among healthcare workers (Arnetz et al., 2020). This paper addresses how EBP may help an organization reach the quadruple aim.

    BUY A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

    The Effects of EBP on Patient Experience

    One of the foci of the quadruple aim is to improve the patient experience. Evidence-based practice is essential to improving patient outcomes and quality of care (Kim et al.,2016). Improved quality of care and patient outcome leads to improved patient experience. In a recent study, evidence-based strategies such as hourly rounding, bedside shift report including updates of test results and events, and AIDET were implemented as a nursing bundle as part of a quality improvement initiative. The nursing bundle led to an increase in positive patient experiences in the emergency room. Following the implementation of the nursing bundle, 60% of patients rated their overall experience as excellent, propelling the emergency room’s ranking to the 85th percentile. (Skaggs et al., 2018). Implementation of EBP leads to improved patient experience.

    The Effects of EBP on Population Health

    Evidence-based practice allows clinicians to utilize research more effectively, promoting population health. Much notable knowledge has been gained from research over the last century and implementing this knowledge in clinical practice has increased life expectancy (Lhachimi, 2016). Organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide scientific research data which are easily accessible with implementation strategies to help the population with the prevention and treatment of disease to improve population health (CDC, 2021).

    The Effects of EBP on Costs

    Evidence-based practice reduces patient complications such as healthcare-acquired infections and other health issues, leading to poor patient outcomes, increased hospital stay, and healthcare costs. Implementing EBP helps eliminate unnecessary medical procedures and costs, allowing health organizations to achieve the quadruple aim. In a study, evidence-based practice recommendations led to a 31-37% decrease in adverse medical events and an 18% reduction in healthcare cost per patient while improving patient satisfaction (Walewska-Zielecka,2021).

    The Effects of EBP on the Work Life of Healthcare Providers

    Utilization of EBP in an organization setting not only leads to better patient outcomes and decreased hospital costs. Improved patient outcomes also benefit healthcare providers by promoting increased job satisfaction (Kim et al., 2016). Although implementing EBP may require some additional skillset, it empowers clinicians, improves job satisfaction, and decreases burnout (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2021).

    Conclusion

     
    EBP is key to achieving the quadruple aim in a healthcare organization. EBP leads to enhanced quality of care and safety, improved health outcomes, eliminates unnecessary health costs for patients, and can improve job satisfaction for the healthcare team. EBP is an essential ingredient needed to achieve the quadruple aim (Melnyk & Gallagher-Ford, 2019).

     

     

    References

    American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2021, April 1).
    Why choose evidence-based practice?
    Retrieved December 4, 2022, from https://www.aanp.org/news-feed/why-choose-evidence-based-practice

    Arnetz, B. B., Goetz, C. M., Arnetz, J. E., Sudan, S., vanSchagen, J., Piersma, K., & Reyelts, F. (2020). Enhancing healthcare efficiency to achieve the Quadruple Aim: an exploratory study. 
    BMC research notes
    , 
    13
    (1), 362. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05199-8

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, July 13).
    Division of Population Health at a glance
    . Retrieved December 4, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/population-health.htm

    Kim, S. C., Stichler, J. F., Ecoff, L., Brown, C. E., Gallo, A., & Davidson, J. E. (2016). Predictors of Evidence-Based Practice Implementation, Job Satisfaction, and Group Cohesion Among Regional Fellowship Program Participants. 
    Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing
    , 
    13
    (5), 340–348. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12171 Evidence Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim

    Lhachimi, S. K., Bala, M. M., & Vanagas, G. (2016). Evidence-Based Public Health. 
    BioMed research international
    , 
    2016
    , 5681409. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5681409

    Melnyk, B. M., & Gallagher-Ford, L. (2019). Achieving the quadruple aim in healthcare with evidence-based practice: A necessary leadership strategy for improving quality, safety, patient outcomes, and cost reductions.
    Evidence-Based Leadership, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in Nursing and Healthcare
    . https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826196255.0008

    Skaggs, M. K. D., Daniels, J. F., Hodge, A. J., & DeCamp, V. L. (2018). Using the Evidence-Based Practice Service Nursing Bundle to Increase Patient Satisfaction. 
    Journal of emergency nursing
    , 
    44
    (1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2017.10.011

    Walewska-Zielecka, B., Religioni, U., Soszyński, P., & Wojtkowski, K. (2021). Evidence-Based Care Reduces Unnecessary Medical Procedures and Healthcare Costs in the Outpatient Setting. 
    Value in health regional issues
    , 
    25
    , 23–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.577

     

    EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND THE QUADRUPLE AIM

    Healthcare organizations continually seek to optimize healthcare performance. For years, this approach was a three-pronged one known as the Triple Aim, with efforts focused on improved population health, enhanced patient experience, and lower healthcare costs.

    More recently, this approach has evolved to a Quadruple Aim by including a focus on improving the work life of healthcare providers. Each of these measures are impacted by decisions made at the organizational level, and organizations have increasingly turned to EBP to inform and justify these decisions.

    RESOURCES

     

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.

    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    WEEKLY RESOURCES

    To Prepare:

    Read the articles by Sikka, Morath, & Leape (2015); Crabtree, Brennan, Davis, & Coyle (2016); and Kim et al. (2016) provided in the Resources.

    Reflect on how EBP might impact (or not impact) the Quadruple Aim in healthcare.

    Consider the impact that EBP may have on factors impacting these quadruple aim elements, such as preventable medical errors or healthcare delivery.

    Evidence Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim

    To Complete:

    Write a brief analysis (no longer than 2 pages) of the connection between EBP and the Quadruple Aim.

    Your analysis should address how EBP might (or might not) help reach the Quadruple Aim, including each of the four measures of:

    Patient experience

    Population health

    Costs

    Work life of healthcare providers

    Evidence Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim

  • Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Option 1: Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Explain what motivated the European world powers to explore the Americas.

    Describe the economic effects of exploration based on the Colombian exchange.

    Analyze the effects of exploration on Native Americans.

    Based on research, analyze if Europeans might be held accountable for transmitting Old World diseases to people in the Western Hemisphere.

    Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Introduction

    Colonization and economic exploration have been experienced by most countries in the world, most if not all from European countries (Zakaria, 1999). European nations for example began exploring the American continent in the late 15th century due to a confluence of economic, technological, and political factors. The Age of Exploration was sparked by Spain, Portugal, and England’s search for new resources and trade routes. Transatlantic travel was made possible by important technological innovations like the compass and astrolabe, which changed the course of world politics (Ramos, 2021). This Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans essay covers the reasons for this exploration, the economic impacts it brought based on Colombian exchange, and the effects on the natives.

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    The motivation of European powers’ American exploration

    A confluence of political, technological, and economic factors drove European powers to explore the American continent in the late 15th century (Brooks, 2020). Countries like Spain, Portugal, and later England launched maritime expeditions in search of new trade routes to Asia and access to valuable resources. This Age of Exploration was driven by the need for wealth, territorial expansion, and competitive domination. Technological innovations in navigation, like the compass and astrolabe, were crucial in enabling transatlantic travel and creating links that changed the course of world politics (Brooks, 2020).

    The economic effects of this exploration based on the Colombian exchange

    Exploration in the late 15th and early 16th centuries led to the Colombian Exchange, which had significant economic implications. The introduction of new crops like maize and potatoes, which increased agricultural productivity, benefited Europe economically (Zakaria, 1999). On the other hand, European economies were supported by the inflow of American gold and silver. The devastating effects of the exchange included the introduction of diseases and resource exploitation in the Americas (Ramos, 2021)  Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans. The rise of capitalism was aided by the changes in consumption patterns, commerce, and economic systems brought about by this interconnected global trade. On the other hand, it also resulted in social and economic inequality across the Atlantic (Brooks, 2020).

    Effects of exploration on Native Americans

    Native Americans experienced significant and frequent negative consequences as a result of European exploration. The spread of Old-World illnesses such as measles and smallpox led to catastrophic pandemics that wiped out native populations that lacked immunity (Ramos, 2021). Even though it was not their intention, historical evidence points to Europeans being responsible for the unintentional contamination of Native American communities, which could lead to the spread of these diseases. Social structures were upended and resistance to European colonization was weakened as a result of this demographic collapse. New crops also revolutionized agriculture, and the Columbian Exchange, a trade in goods, plants, and animals, changed the way of life for the indigenous people. Native Americans were further marginalized by resource exploitation, forced labour, and cultural conflicts, which had a lasting impact on their societies and shaped the course of history (Ramos, 2021).

    Conclusion

    In conclusion, the effects of European exploration on Native Americans were extensive and included social unrest, population decline, and unintentional spread of Old-World diseases. Economic changes brought about by the Colombian Exchange exploited the Americas while benefiting Europe. The results, which included forced labour, resource exploitation, and cultural conflicts, had a long-lasting effect on Native American societies and highlighted the complicated and frequently negative effects of European exploration on native populations.

     

    References

    Brooks, C. (2020). European Exploration and Conquest. Western Civilization: A Concise History.

    based on the Colombian exchange.

    Ramos, C. (2021). Beyond the Columbian Exchange: Medicine and public health in colonial Latin America. History Compass, 19(8), e12682.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12682

    Zakaria, F. (1999). From wealth to power: The unusual origins of America’s world role (Vol. 84). Princeton University Press. Hist 405N week 1 case study – Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

  • Critical Race Theory

    Critical Race Theory: a Viable Tool for the Christian

    Introduction

    While many have heard of Critical Race Theory (CRT), it is also true that many have misunderstood CRT. Exposure to CRT does not imply CRT literacy. Within the church, many Christians have rejected CRT because of its rumors and undeserved stigma. Usually, said Christians have understood only the tip of the iceberg. CRT’s influence in a variety of academic disciplines produces practical consequences in society. Given its influence, CRT merits the necessity for Christians to first understand and then critique the theory according to Scripture before endorsing or rejecting it. In this paper, I argue that CRT is a valid, endorsed tool for the

    Christian. After defining clearly the development of CRT, I will argue for Scripture’s approval of its two main tenants: intersectionality and the idea that racism is ordinary. Then, I consider a few implications for CRT and conclude with a summary of all things considered.

    What is CRT?

    CRT can be defined as a fragmented body of knowledge or a movement intended to understand race, its history, and its current role in society, to inform how racial and social justice can ultimately be realized. It focuses on the relationship between race, racism, and power, particularly in law. According to CRT theorist Kimberlé Crenshaw, CRT examines “the entire edifice of contemporary legal thought and doctrine from the viewpoint of law’s role in the construction and maintenance of social domination and subordination” (Crenshaw et al. 11).

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    CRT, as it is generally known today, was first developed in the 1970s. A group of activists, lawyers, and legal scholars assembled to discuss stalled racial progress since the Civil Rights movement. Richard Delgado, one of CRT’s earliest writers, affirms CRT’s broad range of input from critical legal studies, to radical feminism, to a diversity of European philosophers, and the American radical tradition (Delgado 2, 3). Many voices, some complementary and others contradictory, have contributed to the broad scope of CRT.

    Main Tenants of CRT

    Although CRT has never been nor will likely ever be one thing, there are yet several basic tenants that most theorists agree upon. These tenants anchor the movement, making it identifiable. The first tenant is the idea that racism is ordinary, not aberrational. CRT affirms the reality of racism in everyday life in order to address and cure it. It diagnoses racism in mortgage redlining, employment discrimination, hegemonic power, etc. On the contrary, the traditional “Color-Blind” conception of race enables and maintains more subtle forms of racism. The second tenant is called “interest convergence.” Derrick Bell, lawyer and CRT theorist, coined this tenant from the judicial activity before and after the Brown V. Board of Education: “the interest of blacks in achieving racial equality will be accommodated only when it converges with the interests of whites” (Bell 22). In other words, it is the idea that social progress will not be realized unless the interests of both the oppressed and oppressors share a common incentive. The third tenant is the idea that race is socially constructed. Delgado articulates this tenant sufficiently: “race and races are products of social thought and relations. Not objective, inherent, or fixed, they correspond to no biological or genetic reality; rather, races are categories that society invents, manipulates, or retires when convenient” (Delgado 5). Although race is not natural, it is a social reality created and upheld by white supremacy. To exchange race with ethnicity-discourse “fails to account for the ways in which race has already been formalized in our institutions, particularly the law” (Cartagena 18). The fourth tenant is differential racialization and its consequences. It refers to the dominant society’s depictions of minority groups and how these stereotypes change according to their convenience. The fifth tenant is intersectionality, coined by Crenshaw. It rejects essentialism, the idea that identity is fixed and static. Rather, intersectionality maintains that people have multiple identities. This tenant is often used to measure how oppressed or how privileged an individual or group may be. A white, heterosexual male is said to have more privilege and power than a black, homosexual female (Crenshaw 386). The sixth tenant is the Standpoint Theory. It is the idea that people of color have a unique authority to speak on issues of race and racism because of their experiences, particularly with the legal system. Whereas, white people may not have the competency to speak on such issues because they do not experience the tangible effects of racism.

    Analysis and Critique of CRT According to Scripture

    The tenant that racism is ordinary complies with Scripture. First, the charge of sin is a pillar of Christian theology and of the gospel itself (Genesis 3, Romans 3). Sin, including but not limited to racism, pervades the fabric of life on earth. It pervades human thought, desire, emotion, and will and produces practical, felt consequences. Its effect can be witnessed by man’s failure to steward creation properly, such as profit-driven corporations that dump plastic in the ocean and thereby wreak environmental havoc. It can be witnessed by the number of domestic abuse cases reported each year. The list goes on. Is it unreasonable to believe that sinful people in positions of power have created unjust policies that harm creation and contribute to entropy?

    The idea of unjust laws and a corrupt government is not foreign to the narrative of Scripture. Two examples are the stories of Shadrach, Meshach, Abednego, and of Daniel. They refused to obey the king’s laws because they contradicted God’s higher law. The entire book of Judges is about the consistent corruption of Israel’s leaders and the need for God’s intervention. In the early church, Christians were willing to face martyrdom for not complying with the Roman law of sacrificing to emperor Decius. The same is true today in contemporary society: sinful people and unjust laws still govern society and produce harmful consequences. Why would Christians assume that racism is an episode of the past? Why would they assume that the legal outcome of the Civil Rights movement, the Brown V. Board of Education, solved all the racial issues in the U.S.? Entropy is the inescapable decay of all things in the universe unless there is continual intervention. Because of this reality, God has provided rituals of remembrance for His people (memorials, communion, etc.). Remembrance is foundational to a consistent life of faith in a decaying world. In a similar manner, Christians should remember the social ills of the past and discern the social ills of the present age so that they may be agents of shalom instead of entropy. All things considered, the CRT tenant that racism is ordinary does not contradict Scripture; rather, it affirms the reality of sin in a decaying world in need of constant intervention.

    Second, the tenant that racism is ordinary corresponds with Biblical narratives of racism (or better, ethnic discrimination) and God’s judgment of it. Throughout Scripture, one can observe man’s inclination towards homogeneity and the rejection of those deemed as “other.” Jews, who were called to be a light to the nations (Isaiah 42:6, 49:6, 60:3), disobeyed God’s commission by preferring their own and displaying a sense of superiority. One example is Jonah’s resentment of the Ninevites and his refusal to preach to them. Ironically, Joppa, the city from where Jonah launched his journey to Tarshish to avoid preaching to another nation, was the very place God chose, 800 years later, to tell Peter to receive people from other nations (Acts 10:9-16).

    Additionally, the Jews rejected Samaritans, half-blooded Jews who were the product of interethnic marriages (Ezra 4, Nehemiah 4). When Jesus arrived on the scene, He flipped racist, social norms on its head by teaching the parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37) and ministering to the Samaritan woman (John 4). Peter himself, a revered apostle, showed discrimination towards Gentiles and Paul rebuked him publicly for it (Galatians 2:11-14).

    Throughout Scripture, the Jews were the recipients of racism (while under the dominion of the Egyptians, Babylonians, and Persians) and also the perpetrators of racism (as noted in the examples earlier). Racism is not foreign to the narratives of Scripture; hence, it is a normal but unfortunate reality in this sinful world. Throughout the Bible, God’s heart for ethnic and social harmony imbues God’s redemptive purposes and plan for mankind.

    CRT’s tenant of intersectionality also agrees with Scripture. In arguing that CRT is fundamentally incompatible with Christianity, Neil Shenvi and Pat Sawyer reject CRT’s tenant of intersectionality, claiming that the tenant is anti-gospel. They rightly affirm that Scripture informs man’s identity with three distinctions: made in the image of God, guilty of sin, and in need of a savior: “These three core identity markers unite all people across lines of race, class, and gender and form a basis for solidarity. We cannot look at any human being as wholly ‘other’ since they, like us, are image-bearers and sinners who need a Savior” (Shenvi 17). Although their view of man’s identity is not incorrect, it oversimplifies the human experience and misunderstands the point of intersectionality. Crenshaw coined intersectionality to counteract how identity politics often “conflates or ignores [important] intragroup differences.” For example, in the context of feminist movements, the omission of acknowledging differences is problematic because “the violence that women experience is often shaped by other dimensions of their identities, such as race and class” (Crenshaw 357). This is clearly observed in the 1920s women’s suffrage movement. Black women were excluded from NAWSA conventions, they

    often had to march separately from white women, and their contributions to suffragist history are frequently ignored (Bailey). Although the 19th Amendment granted American women the right to vote, most black women couldn’t exercise that right until five decades later (Waxman). The same could be said for the role of black women in movements fighting racial discrimination: black men set the agenda, often at the expense of the black woman’s voice.

    Shenvi and Sawyer reduce the purpose and importance of intersectionality by dismissing the real suffering and discrimination of ignored social groups such as black women. The purpose of intersectionality is to highlight these neglected human experiences. How would Shenvi and

    Sawyer respond to John 4? The woman at the well was a victim of overlapping discrimination. First, she was a woman and rabbis often did not speak to women publicly (v. 27). Second, she was a Samaritan (v. 9). Third, she was presumably a social outcast because of her shameful lifestyle (v. 17–18) and because she came to the well at a time when most people would not be present (v. 6). Jesus’ acknowledgment of and compassion towards a woman who would otherwise be ignored and shunned makes this story as powerful as it is.

    It is worth noting that while intersectionality is true, it may be applied in an unbiblical manner, such as the embrace of an LGBTQ identity. All identities, such as gender, ethnicity, race, and class, should be brought under the dominion of Christ’s lordship; these identities, although important, are secondary to an identity in Christ. While Shenvi and Sawyer make good points in their critique, they commit a false dichotomy fallacy by assuming that the embrace of CRT is an abandonment of Christianity (and vice versa). The third option can be true: some CRT ideas may hold up against the authority of Scripture while other ideas and/or applications may not. To reject completely the ideas of CRT on the basis of a few unbiblical ideas and/or applications would be a fallacy of composition. As already stated earlier, CRT is far too large of a movement, with many voices and contributions, to reduce the entire whole to one of its parts. If Christians endorse parts of secular Greek philosophy or accept geometry although its origins are associated with Greek religion, why wouldn’t Christians show the same treatment towards CRT?

    Implications of CRT

    The mission of justice is and ought to be the Christian’s mission. A Christian proponent of CRT, Nathan Luis Cartagena rightly notes, “Because marginalization and oppression in pigmentocracies operate along racialized lines, Christians should share the common interests of critical race theorists” (Cartagena 8). Christians in the U.S. should take the liberty to first understand the movement and then parse through the content to determine what withstands the test of Scripture and what does not. In the U.S., the pursuit of racial justice should be a priority of the church.

    At Moody Bible Institute (MBI), students and faculty can use CRT to affirm the reality of racism. If racism is ordinary, it likely occurs on campus every day: in people’s thoughts, in decisions about whom people befriend, in faculty recruitment, bias in theology, etc.

    Intersectionality implies that some students and faculty have more or less privilege based on their membership to certain social groups.

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    Conclusion

    This paper has argued that CRT is a viable tool for Christians in understanding and engaging racism. Scripture approves CRT’s two main tenants: intersectionality and the idea that racism is ordinary. Intersectionality is reflected in the woman described in John 4; since she was a victim of overlapping discrimination, Jesus’ response towards her was all the more compelling. The tenant that racism is ordinary is affirmed by the theology of sin and Biblical narratives of racism throughout Scripture. The implications of CRT suggest that U.S. Christians should engage racism since oppression operates along racialized lines and justice is part of God’s redemptive plan. Contextually, MBI members should use CRT to address potential social ills on-campus.

    Works Cited

    Bailey, Megan. “Between Two Worlds: Black Women and the Fight for Voting Rights (U.S.

    National Park Service).”
    National Parks Service
    , U.S. Department of the Interior, 13 Sept. 2022,
    https://www.nps.gov/articles/black
    –
    women
    –
    and
    –
    the
    –
    fight
    –
    for
    –
    voting
    rights.htm.

    Bell, Derrick. “Brown V. Board of Education and the Interest of Convergence Dilemma”
    Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings that Formed the

    Movement
    , The New Press, 1995, pp. 27-46.

    Cartagena, Nathan  Luis. “What Christians Get Wrong about Critical Race Theory.”
    Faithfully

    Magazine
    , Faithfully Media LLC, 2020, https://faithfullymagazine.com/product/christians-crt-download/.

    Crenshaw, Kimberlé, et al. “Introduction.”
    Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That       Formed the Movement.
    The New Press, 1995.

    Delgado, Richard, et al.
    Critical Race Theory: An Introduction
    . New York University Press,

    Shenvi, Neil.
    Engaging Critical Theory and the Social Justice Movement
    . Ratio Christi Inc,

    2020.

    Waxman, Olivia B. “When Did Black Women Get the Right to Vote? Suffrage History.”
    Time
    ,

    Time, 17 Aug. 2020, https://time.com/5876456/black-women-right-to-vote/.

  • Hist 405 United States History

    Hist 405N week 1 case study

    Required Textbooks

    The following books are required for this course:

    OpenStax. (2019). 
    U.S. history.
    OpenStax CNX. Retrieved

    Required Resources

    Read/review the following resources for this activity:

    Textbook: Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4

    Lesson

    Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook)

    Optional Resources to Explore

    Feel free to review the library guide for scholarly sources and videos at the following link:

    Link (website):

    Introduction

    The purposes of each case study assignment include the following:

    To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

    To advance critical thinking and writing skills

    To compile a response to the prompts provided

    To explore a historical topic and make connections to change over time

    Instructions

    Pick one (1) of the following topics.
     Then, address the corresponding questions/prompts for your selected topic:

    Option 1:
    Exploration and Effects on Native Americans

    Explain what motivated the European world powers to explore the Americas.

    Describe the economic effects of exploration based on the Colombian exchange.

    Analyze the effects of exploration on Native Americans.

    Based on research, analyze if Europeans might be held accountable for transmitting Old World diseases to people in the Western Hemisphere.

    Option 2:
    Slavery vs. Indentured
    Servitude

    Explain how and why slavery developed in the American colonies.

    Describe in what ways the practice of slavery was different between each colonial region in British North America.

    Analyze the differences between slaves and indentured servants.

    Option 3: Women in Colonial America

    Pick two
    colonies
    (New England, Middle, or Southern colonies) and explain how women’s roles differ in the two colonies of your choice.

    Describe what legal rights women held during the colonial period.

    Analyze how Native women’s lives were different from colonial women’s lives.

    Make sure to use your course text and incorporate an additional scholarly source from the Chamberlain Library in your response.

    Writing Requirements (APA format)

    Length: 1-2 pages (not including title page or references page)

    Use standard essay writing process by including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

    1-inch margins

    Double spaced

    12-point Times New Roman font

    Title page

    References page (minimum of 1 scholarly source)

    No abstract is required

    In-text citations that correspond with your end references

    Grading

    This activity will be graded based on the W1 Case Study Grading Rubric

    HIST 405N Week 2 Discussion Questions

    Discussion 1: The American Revolution

    What were the causes of the
    American Revolution?
    How did the British colonists evolve from good citizens to revolutionaries and back something as unique as the Declaration of Independence?

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    Discussion 2: Confederation and Constitution

    What were the main problems with the Articles of Confederation that led to the Constitutional Convention of 1787? How did the national government under the Constitution differ from the Articles of Confederation?

    Hist 405N week 3 case study

    Required Resources

    Read/review the following resources for this activity:

    Textbook: Chapter 9, 10 (section 10.4), 11 (section 11.5), 13

    Lesson

    1 primary source that corresponds with your selected topic (noted in the topic instructions)

    Minimum of 2 scholarly sources (in addition to the textbook)

    Optional Resources to Explore

    Feel free to review the library guide for scholarly sources and videos at the following link:

    Link (website)

    Introduction

    The purposes of each case study assignment include the following:

    To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

    To advance critical thinking and writing skills

    To compile a response to the prompts provided

    To explore a historical topic and make connections to change over time

    Instructions

    Pick one (1) of the following topics. 
    Then, address the corresponding questions/prompts for your selected topic. Use at least one (1) documented example of the corresponding primary source in your writing.

    Option 1: The American System, Transportation, and Communication

    Read the following primary source:

    Link (website): (Click on “Next Image” to see all pages of the debate: pp.258-262.)

    Then, address the following:

    Describe the idea of Henry Clay’s “American System.”

    Based on Clay’s economic vision of America, analyze how the American System would build the American market and economy?

    Analyze the role of mechanization and communication in the American System.

    Option 2: The Indian Removal Act of 1830

    Read the following primary source:

    Link (website)

    Then, address the following:

    Evaluate the rationale that President Jackson used in the removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River. Did the removal have the intended impact?

    Identify the responsibilities given to the President under the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

    Compare Jackson’s actions toward Native Americans in the context of his First Inaugural Address with the path of events during the Trail of Tears.

    Determine if the removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River violate the principles found in the Declaration of Independence?

    Option 3: The Abolitionist Movement

    Read the following primary source:

    Link (website):(Click on arrows to view all images of the document. Click on plus and minus signs to enlarge or reduce size of images.)

    Then, address the following:

    Assess if abolitionists were responsible reformers or irresponsible agitators?

    Explain how abolitionists upheld the Declaration of Independence as the foundation of antislavery and abolitionist thought.

    Assess the effect of the Gag Rule on the Abolitionist Movement.

    Analyze how the women’s rights movement would gain momentum from the antislavery movement.

    Writing Requirements (APA format)

    Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page or references page)

    1-inch margins

    Double spaced

    12-point Times New Roman font

    Title page

    References page

    In-text citations that correspond with your end references

     

    HIST 405N Week 4 Discussion: The Civil War and Reconstruction

    Discussion: The Civil War and Reconstruction

    In the beginning, each side in the Civil War believed the war would be brief and that their side would win. What advantages did each side hold that made them feel this way? Elaborate. After the war, Lincoln had one plan for bringing the rebel states back into the Union; Andrew Johnson another; and the Radical Republican Congress a third. Discuss the aims of each president and explain why and in what ways Congress took control of Reconstruction.

    Hist 405N week 5 case study

    Textbooks and Resources

    The following books are required for this course:

    OpenStax. (2019). 
    U.S. history.
     OpenStax CNX. Retrieved from https://cnx.org/contents/p7ovuIkl@6.18:gMXC1GEM@7/Introduction

    Required Resources

    Read/review the following resources for this activity:

    Textbook: Chapter 18, 21, 22

    Lesson

    Minimum of 3 scholarly sources (in addition to the textbook). The sources associated with each topic selection below can be used as part of the 3 scholarly sources.

    Optional Resources to Explore

    Feel free to review the library guide for scholarly sources and videos at the following link:

    Link (website): History Library Guide (Links to an external site.)

    Introduction

    The purposes of each case study assignment include the following:

    To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

    To advance critical thinking and writing skills

    To compile a response to the prompts provided

    To explore a historical topic and make connections to change over time

    Instructions

    Pick one (1) of the following topics. 
    Then, address the corresponding questions/prompts for your selected topic. Use at least one (1) documented example of the corresponding primary source in your writing.

    Option 1: Big Business (Monopolies) and Exploitation of Workers

    View the following resource:

    Link (video): The Progressive Era (Links to an external site.) (27:30)

    Browse and read one (1) of the following:

    Link (library article): The Triangle Disaster: How a Fire a Century ago at a New York Clothing Factory Changed U.S. Labor Laws (Links to an external site.)

    Link (library article): The Pullman Strike (Links to an external site.)

    Then, address the following:

    Explain if big business leaders were “captains of industry,” “shrewd businessmen,” or “robber barons.”

    Based on one of the resources noted for this option, assess American working conditions and exploitation of workers in the Age of Industry.

    Analyze the role that government played in reforming American working conditions.

    Explain the benefits of the Federal Government regulations of monopolies.

    Analyze which progressive presidents attained economic justice and reform for workers.

    Option 2: Who is A Progressive?

    Review the following site:

    Link (website): Presidential Election of 1912: A Resource Guide (Links to an external site.)

    Then, address the following:

    According to Roosevelt, what are the characteristics of a progressive?

    Explain and give examples of the characteristics of “anti-progressives.”

    Trace what types of activities “anti-progressives” engaged in?

    Analyze the goals of progressivism.

    Explain what areas of society progressives addressed?

    Analyze the progressive achievements Roosevelt highlights in his speech?

    Option 3: World War I

    Review the following resources:

    Link (video): A War to End All Wars: Part 2 (Links to an external site.) (6:56)

    Link (library article): The Treaty of Versailles and the Rise of Nazism (Links to an external site.)

    Then, address the following:

    Trace the origins of World War I, and assess if the world war was inevitable in 1914?

    Explain if it was possible for the United States to maintain neutrality in World War I. If yes, explain how. If no, explain why not.

    Analyze if the United States should have entered World War I to make the world safe for democracy.

    Analyze if the Treaty of Versailles was a fair and effective settlement for lasting world peace.

    Explain if the United States Senate should have approved of the Treaty of Versailles.

    Writing Requirements (APA format)

    Length: 3-4 pages (not including title page or references page)

    1-inch margins

    Double spaced

    12-point Times New Roman font

    Title page

    References page

    In-text citations that correspond with your end references

    Grading

    This activity will be graded based on W5 Case Study Grading Rubric.

    HIST 405N Week 6 Discussion Questions

    Discussion 1: The Great Depression

    What were the underlying causes of the depression? Why did the Great Depression of the 1930s seem so much worse than any occurring either before or since? Can you see any modern parallels to the Great Depression? Elaborate.

     

    Discussion 2: World War II

    What were the underlying causes of World War II? Select one event that you think irrevocably led the world (and the U.S.) to war more than any other event. Argue your selection with details that support your answer.

    Hist 405N week 7 case study

    Required Resources

    Read/review the following resources for this activity:

    Textbook: Chapter 28, 29, 30

    Lesson

    Minimum of 1 primary source

    Minimum of 4 scholarly sources (in addition to the textbook)

    Optional Resources to Explore

    Feel free to review the library guide for scholarly sources and videos at the following link:

    Link (website): History Library Guide (Links to an external site.)

    Introduction

    The purposes of each case study assignment include the following:

    To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

    To advance critical thinking and writing skills

    To compile a response to the prompts provided

    To explore a historical topic and make connections to change over time

    Instructions

    Pick one (1) of the following topics
    . Then, address the corresponding questions/prompts for your selected topic. Use at least one (1) documented example of the corresponding primary source in your writing.

    Option 1: McCarthyism and Anti-Communist Campaigns

    The Cold War brought about an irrational fear of communism and communist activities in the United States. As we are learning this week, one of the most vocal instigators of this paranoia was Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy delivered a speech about the imminent threat of communism on February 9, 1950. Perform a search on the internet and locate and read Joseph McCarthy’s speech given in Wheeling, West Virginia on February 9, 1950. Copy and paste the following keywords into your Google search bar: “Joseph McCarthy, Wheeling, West Virginia.” The speech is also referred to as “Enemies from Within.”

    Construct the case study by responding to the following prompts:

    Explain how Senator Joseph McCarthy defined communist nations within the speech. What specific threats did these nations pose?

    Assess if Senator Joseph McCarthy charges were accurate.

    Analyze anti-communist sentiments during the Cold War era, were these sentiments valid. If so, how? If not, why not?

    Explain if there are other examples of events similar to the Red Scare that have occurred throughout history and modern day.

    Examine what happened to people who invoked the Fifth Amendment, refused to appear or were found in violation of the law as defined by the Congressional Committee.

    Option 2: The Civil Rights Movement

    Using the Internet, locate and read Martin Luther King Jr’s “I Have a Dream” speech given in Washington D.C., August 1963. Copy and paste the following keywords into your Google search bar: “I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King, Jr.” Feel free also to locate and incorporate additional scholarly sources to respond to this case study, including information on the Civil Rights Movement.

    Construct the case study by responding to the following prompts:

    Explain if the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s effectively changed the nation.

    What effect would the Civil Rights Acts have across the continent on minority groups?

    Do you think that the tactics and strategies that civil rights activists used in the 1960s would apply to today’s racial and ethnic conflicts? Why or why not?

    Do the ideas of the 1960s still have relevance today? If so how? If not, why not?

    Analyze how the Civil Rights Movement would impact diversity in America today.

    Option 3: American Domestic and Foreign Policies (1953-1991)

    Complete a search either in the Chamberlain Library or internet for domestic and foreign polices of four (4) of the following Presidents. Please incorporate at least one primary source of either a policy or act that you have chosen to write about.

    Eisenhower

    Kennedy

    Johnson

    Nixon

    Ford

    Carter

    Reagan

    Then, compare domestic and foreign polices of your four (4) presidents by answering the following prompts:

    Explain how your selected presidents worked to improve the United States economically and socially. Give at least one example of each president.

    Assess if the policies of your choice of presidents strengthen or weaken the United States.

    Explain how you see your choice of presidents served the public interest and further the cause of democracy.

    Determine if it is constitutional for the United States to fight preemptive wars.

    Determine if human rights and morality should be the cornerstones of United State foreign policy.

    Writing Requirements (APA format)

    Length: 4-5 pages (not including title page and references page)

    1-inch margins

    Double spaced

    12-point Times New Roman font

    Title page

    References page

    In-text citations that correspond with your end reference

    HIST 405N Week 8 Discussion: Terrorism in the 21st Century

    Discussion: Terrorism in the 21st Century

    Discuss how you see the “war on terrorism” as of this date. Do you think the United States should be engaged in such a war? Give reasons for or against this war and whether or not we are giving up our own principles to wage it.

  • Nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response

    Nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response

    Week4 NURS6003

    Respond
     to at least 
    two
    of your colleagues’ posts by offering suggestions/strategies for working with this database from your own experience, or offering ideas for using alternative resources. nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response.

    Main Post

    Burnout in nursing is common, especially when nurses are exposed to severe conditions. It is an area of interest, given my career. Nurses may offer substandard services when experiencing burnout (Jun et al., 2021). (Dall’Ora et al. 2020) When nurses get burned, they might not execute their duties as effectively as they ought to, which is very dangerous, hence the reason for researching this subject. (Wei et al., 2020) Lastly, on the subject, nurse leaders play a crucial role in nurse burnout as they can contribute to or control the conditions.

    The articles by Jun et al., Dall’Ora et al., and Wei et al. were obtained by searching Google Scholar with the keyword “Nurse Burnout”. The search was then proceeded by keying in the specific timeline I needed the articles to cover, which is any time since 2019. I further keyed in peer-reviewed papers on the database to obtain only scholarly information.

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    The challenges experienced in searching for the articles are not quite a few. One was deciding on the appropriate keywords to settle on an article that was not just general. I also had to check the ones that addressed the subject from all dimensions and provided solutions to the problem. I settled on the final articles because I saw them as educational and relatable nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response.

    The database was helpful for me and would also apply to my colleagues. This is because it is easy to search through it. It gives you a suggestion of topics as you continue to key in your keywords. It also has a place where one can select the year(s) they want to look up for. There is also an option to download the article if someone wants to have it and refer to it later. Besides, Google Scholar has purely scholarly articles that have been well scrutinized and qualified as academic. Finally, the database is commendable as it allows one to select whether or not they want peer-reviewed articles, making one’s choice easy and fast.

    Reference

    Dall’Ora, C., Ball, J., Reinius, M., & Griffiths, P. (2020). Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. 
    Human resources for health
    , 
    18
    , 1-17.

    Jun, J., Ojemeni, M. M., Kalamani, R., Tong, J., & Crecelius, M. L. (2021). Relationship between nurse burnout, patient and organizational outcomes: Systematic review. 
    International journal of nursing studies
    , 
    119
    , 103933.

    Wei, H., King, A., Jiang, Y., Sewell, K. A., & Lake, D. M. (2020). The impact of nurse leadership styles on nurse burnout: A systematic literature review. 
    Nurse Leader
    , 
    18
    (5), 439-450.

    Response

    Thank you for sharing your thoughts. Burnout in nursing is a critical issue for nurses, and other healthcare professionals must commit their time and resources to achieve the best healthcare goals. Researchers have researched nursing and quality improvement strategies to achieve the best healthcare goals. Therefore, the purpose of nursing research is to conduct research through evidence-based projects that have been conducted previously nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response. I like the brief keywords you selected as search terms, which were critical to establishing reliable research that could affect the development of evidence-based strategies. The keywords ensure that the researcher has adequate strategies and mechanisms for addressing the underlying needs and that healthcare professionals initiate strategies and mechanisms for attaining the best quality of care (Oermann et al., 2020).

    I love using databases affiliated with nursing and healthcare because they assist in identifying and selecting high-quality evidence that ensures the development of adequate and effective healthcare service delivery. These databases provide access to peer-reviewed resources and allow healthcare professionals to rely on this evidence to ensure the issue is addressed using the best quality evidence. Although Google Scholar is a critical resource that helps develop evidence-based practice, other search engines and databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest will provide substantial resources and opportunities for enhancing healthcare service delivery approaches and managing nursing burnout as a practice issue (Fossum et al., 2022). You can access high-quality research with high-level evidence using these databases, which healthcare professionals can rely on when developing evidence-based practice and ensuring high-quality healthcare services nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response. Moreover, professional resources provide reliable and valid evidence that can be generalized to the entire study population based on the findings that other researchers have used to address the problem. However, as we continue using these strategies, we advance our abilities to research and address the underlying issues by incorporating research into our routine activities.

    References

    Fossum, M., Opsal, A., & Ehrenberg, A. (2022). Nurses’ sources of information to inform clinical practice: An integrative review to guide evidence‐based practice. 
    Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing
    , 
    19
    (5), 372-379. 
    https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12569

    Oermann, M. H., Wrigley, J., Nicoll, L. H., Ledbetter, L. S., Carter-Templeton, H., & Edie, A. H. (2020). Integrity of databases for literature searches in nursing. 
    Advances in Nursing Science
    , 
    44
    (2), 102-110. 
    https://doi.org/10.1097/ans.0000000000000349 
     nursing and healthcare databases discussion post with response

  • VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles

    VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles

    VARK Analysis Paper

    Name

    Institution

    Date

    VARK Analysis Paper

    Preferred Learning Strategy

               
    Based on my VARK assessment, my preferred learning strategy is the multimodal strategy. This strategy is a combination of all other strategies which include the aural, visual, read/write, and kinesthetic learning strategies. According to the results from the questionnaire I took, my multimodal strategy is the VK; where I scored 10 in aural and 9 in kinesthetic strategy. I therefore prefer the aural and kinesthetic learning strategies compared to the rest.

    With the aural strategy, I find that I learn from the ideas of others, use a variety of voices to emphasize ideas and concepts, explain what I learn through talking, and prefer to listen in class first before writing down my notes. For me to understand concepts taught clearly, I often read my notes aloud. I also prefer to read and explain my notes to another peer with a similar aural preference; since I tend to remember what I hear and say.

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    With the kinesthetic learning strategy, I discovered that I learn best when I engage in the process practically. I prefer the practical lessons where we physically create and design concepts. I also learn best through real world experiences such as visiting sites and doing things with community members (VARK, 2020). For instance, as a nurse, I would prefer to learn more about immunization processes within a clinical setting so that I can observe exactly how it is achieved. These strategies are in alignment with the strategies described on the VARK website provided for the kinesthetic learners.

    Individual Learning Styles and Educational Activities

    Individual learning styles affect the degree to which a learner can understand educational activities because of the techniques the learner uses to understand educational concepts. For instance, my individual learning style is the kinesthetic and aural styles. With kinesthetic style, I like to use my senses to learn. For instance, I use sight to observe how immunizations are done. If the lesson is educational in nature, observing helps me retain the knowledge taught in the classroom, since I observe the process within a clinical (real-world) setting. Therefore, the application of the learning styles is what determines whether the learner understands concepts within educational activities.

    It is critical for an educator to identify the individual learning styles and preferences when working with learners because it helps them develop learning material that aligns with the learning styles (Bastable, 2019). For instance, if learners prefer the read/write learning style, the teacher should prepare the lesson material in a manner that allows the students to read and write down what they learn. The teacher could provide them with notes to read before the next class session, and write what they learned. If the educator used the aural learning styles on learners who prefer the read/write styles, then, the students will experience more challenges understanding the concepts taught, hence making the lessons ineffective VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles.

    Another reason why an educator should consider the learning style of a student when delivering the lessons is to enhance collaboration and cooperation from the students (Bastable, 2019). Failure to align the lessons with the learner learning styles would lead to lack of focus and concentration in the classroom because the learner is frustrated. Possible outcomes of such scenarios may include noisy students engaging in conversation as opposed to concentrating on the lesson. Therefore, to foster collaboration and cooperation from the students, the best approach is to use the learning styles with which they are familiar and prefer because it also increases their level of classroom engagement.

    Learning Styles and Health Promotion

    Understanding learning styles in health promotion is important to achieving the desired outcome because those receiving the health education tend to understand the concepts better, and accurately implement them. When conducting health promotion sessions, it remains imperative that the educator assesses the learning styles of the participants so that they can tailor the health promotion information to the learning styles. For instance, when teaching a diabetic patient on how to inject themselves insulin without injuring themselves, it is critical to consider the learning style that they understand the most. If the patient has a read/write learning preference, then it is best to write down the procedure for insulin injection for them, as opposed to demonstrating to them in a clinical setting as they may forget.

    Additionally, understanding the learning styles in health promotion fosters collaboration and adherence from the patient, which is critical because adherence to interventions and medication promotes positive health outcomes for the patient (Sharma & Branscum, 2020). For instance, if the clinician insists on writing down a prescription instead of telling the patient the name of the prescription (assuming the patient prefers the aural learning style), the patient may feel as though the clinician is reckless with their instruction and fail to follow them; ultimately leading to poor health outcomes VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles.

    Learning styles affect the possibility for behavioral change because they foster deeper understanding of concepts; which inspire an individual to change behavior. For instance, if the patient who prefers the kinesthetic learning style meets a clinical educator who uses the same teaching style, they are likely to understand the concepts taught better and adjust their practices to improve their health.

    References

    Bastable, S. (2019).
    Health Professional as Educator
    . Jones & Bartlett Learning.

    Sharma, M., & Branscum, P. (2020).
    Foundations of Mental Health Promotion
    . Jones & Bartlett Learning.

    VARK. (2020). VARK – A Guide to Learning Styles. Retrieved 6 February 2021, from https://vark-learn.com/strategies/kinesthetic-strategies/.

    Assessment Description

    Learning styles represent the different approaches to learning based on preferences, weaknesses, and strengths. For learners to best achieve the desired educational outcome, learning styles must be considered when creating a plan. Complete “The VARK Questionnaire,” located on the VARK website, and then complete the following:

    Click “OK” to receive your questionnaire scores.

    Once you have determined your preferred learning style, review the corresponding link to view your learning preference.

    Review the other learning styles: visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal (listed on the VARK Questionnaire Results page).

    Compare your current preferred learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred learning style.

    Examine how awareness of learning styles has influenced your perceptions of teaching and learning.

    In a paper (750-1,000 words), summarize your
    analysis of this exercise
    and discuss the overall value of learning styles. Include the following:

    Provide a summary of your learning style according the VARK questionnaire.

    Describe your preferred learning strategies. Compare your current preferred learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred learning style.

    Describe how individual learning styles affect the degree to which a learner can understand or perform educational activities. Discuss the importance of an educator identifying individual learning styles and preferences when working with learners.

    Discuss why understanding the learning styles of individuals participating in health promotion is important to achieving the desired outcome. How do learning styles ultimately affect the possibility for a behavioral change? How would different learning styles be accommodated in health promotion?

    Cite to at least three peer-reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles.

    Prepare this
    VARK Analysis Paper
    – Learning Styles assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

    This VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

    You are required to submit this
    assignment
    to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Course Resources if you need assistance VARK Analysis Paper – Learning Styles.