According to Aristotle, the function of man is rational activity; the function of…

According to Aristotle, the function of man is rational activity; the function of a good man is rational activity in accordance with select one
Habit
Eudaimonia
Passion
Virtue
According to Aristotle, what are the two types of virtue?select one
intellectual, moral
honor, courage
faculties, passions
education, nature
identify which of the following is characteristic of Virtues: select one
State of health
Mean between excess and deficiency
Achieving perfection
Solely determined by reason
Which is true of natural law? select one
Natural law assumes that moral beliefs vary in different societies and cultures.
Natural laws may be ignored if they will result in negative consequences.
A belief in God is essential for one to be a natural law ethicist.
Natural law is teleological.
What principle describes an action that causes serious harm but may be permissible if that harm is an unintended side effect of bringing about a particular good?select one
Reason
Just war
Double effect
Just law
When is civil disobedience
not
justified?select one
When laws are degrading to humans
When breaking the law causes more harm than obeying the law
When laws are discriminatory
When laws are enacted by an authority that is not truly representative
When laws are unjustly applied
Which statement is true about Kant’s moral philosophy?select one
Kant believed that most people have difficulty in knowing what is right.
Kant believed that it is correct to consider self-interest in ethical dilemmas.
Kant’s practical imperative is to treat humanity as an end in itself and never as a means only.
Kant claimed animals should not be used as a means to man’s end.
Kant claimed that moral rules are handed down from God.
What is a key claim of ethical egoism? select one
People achieve happiness by pursuing the best outcome for the most people.
People are self-interested by nature.
Individual happiness is the greatest moral good.
Happiness is essentially irrational.
What is a claim of Utilitarianism? select one
The moral community consists only of human beings, not animals.
An action is morally right to the extent that it promotes the happiness or pleasure of the greatest number of people
The distribution of utility is not as important as the quantity of utility for each person.
One should always follow a specific set of moral rules.
Intentions must be considered in judgements about the rightness or wrongness of an action.
To make a logical moral argument you must include a moral standard, the facts, and _________________. select one
The conclusion
Relevant clarified concepts
The opposing view
Counter examples
Which statement is
not true
about standards? select one
Standards are impartial
Standards are determined by the community’s consensus
Standards might conflict with one another
Standards rely upon metaphysical descriptions of nature and reality
The “mean” depends upon the individual and/or the culture.
True
False
Both ethical egoism and utilitarianism claim the outcome or consequences of our actions determine moral worth.
True
False
Distributive justice is concerned about how a society’s rewards and punishments should be distributed.
True
False
Psychological Egoism is the observation that human beings act in their self interest.
True
False
Check all statements that are correct criteria for civil disobedience, according to Henry David Thoreau.
Only moral and non-violent means should be used
An effort is first made to bring about a change through legal means
One should wait until the time is right
One must accept the consequences of their actions
The actions must be open and public
Which statements are
not true
about Kant’s ideas of self-esteem? select one
A
. Proper self-esteem makes one less dependent on the opinions and reactions of others
B
. Self-respect puts your own interests first
C
True self-respect depends upon outward achievements.
D.
One cannot love another more than oneself, and this implies one has a duty to treat oneself with self-respect.
E
.Self-esteem that is not founded upon the development of moral character and good will encourages self-deception, egoism and narcissism.
Deontological ethics determines the rightness and wrongness of an action by its consequences.
True
False
Match each term with the correct definition.
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Absolute duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Prima facie duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Positive duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Negative duty
A.
A duty that requires we actively do something
B.
A duty that is always morally binding regardless of the circumstance
C.
A duty that is morally binding unless it conflicts with a more pressing duty
D.
A duty that requires we restrain ourselves from doing something
Match each term with the correct definition.
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Ethical subjectivism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Ethical egoism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Hedonism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Psychological egoism
A.
A concern for one’s best self-interest
B.
Maintains pleasure as a standard of value
C.
A description of human nature as self-interested
D.
A concern only for one’s self-interest