Category: Nursing

Nursing like any other professional body is governed by a set of rules and principles. If you are aspiring to be a registered nurse then you must be ready to subscribe to the rules. The rules regulate the code of conduct, dress and appearance, how to carry out duties, and ways of conflict resolution.

Nurses are expected to carry out themselves in a particular way and failure to adhere could lead to severe punishment not limited to being deregistered by the nursing board. Reach out for a detailed article on the importance of ethics in nursing.

Principles and roles of ethics in nursing

Ethics in nursing allows nurses to practice their roles seamlessly and with a particular expected standard globally. They say nursing is a calling. This could be true considering some of the outstanding principles are humanity and loyalty amongst others.

Therefore, training to become a nurse is not just about rendering your services anyhow but through some set rules. Let’s talk about the roles of ethics in nursing as a profession

Role of nursing ethics

As earlier discussed, ethics are set moral principles that govern the behavior of the nurses. Let us explore further the roles of nursing ethics.

Nursing is a high-pressure zone and ethics play an important role to both the nurses and the ethics. The importance of ethics in nursing cannot go unmentioned when we talk about the standard of service delivered.

The major role of nurses is to take care of the patients which come with a package of challenges Below are some roles of ethics in nursing.

Offers guidelines

A principal offers guidelines to nurses on how to operate while on duty. It clearly states how the patient-nurse relationship should be handled. It further indicates how nurses should react to specific situations as they arise.

Provides moral guidance

Nurses have specific moral guidance as spelled out in their ethics list. These are not limited to asking for consent from the patients, and being kind to the patients amongst others.

Promotes standard healthcare delivery

The set rules provide standard and quality health care across the world. Nurses are required to handle patients with care and deliver as per the ethics irrespective of their personal interests or beliefs. Here are some of the daily rough situations nurses get themselves into>

Dealing with controversial patients is not an easy task. Patients belong to different religions and of different beliefs, some of these forbid them from receiving standard medication. In such a case, the nurse would be stranded on how to talk the family out to allow their kin to receive standard procedures or how to convince the patient to receive treatment.

In such circumstances, nurses are allowed to use their morals within their code of ethics.

Obtain consent. The nurses are mandated to obtain consent from the patient or the parents in the case of a minor before treatment is administered. Without the consent of the patient who is conscious, the nurse would be sued and punished followed by consequences.

Obtain informed consent. Unless the patient is unconscious, the nurse has a responsibility to obtain the patient’s consent prior to any treatment or procedure. Sometimes the patient will refuse treatment. Nurses ensure the staff follows the patient’s wishes.

Maintain patient confidentiality. While not everyone on the staff needs to know about the patient’s history or situation, nurses must decide who needs to know without violating confidentiality.

Tell the truth. Most patients trust nurses, which is one of the reasons the profession has the highest rating for ethics and honesty. Nurses must remain truthful even when reporting the news the patient does not want to hear. They also depend on patients to share correct information about their medicines, conditions, and other issues.

Principles of the nursing profession

Let us talk about the principles of the nursing profession. Principles are described as the
fundamental truth
and beliefs that an institution is built on. Nursing as a profession has principles that guide their undertaking. Failure to adhere to the set principles there can be dire consequences not just for the nurses but for the general clients. Below are 5 principles and the importance of ethics in nursing as discussed and the possible repercussions if neglected.

Answerability

This is one of the most important ethics in nursing listed in the code of conduct. Nurses are required to be answerable to themselves as well as to the general public and the patients. This ethics dictates that nurses must be able to take full responsibility for their actions while on duty. Part of the nurse’s duty is the decision between life and death. In some cases within the ethics, nurses are allowed to decide which is then communicated to the relevant people before execution. Below are some of the consequences of not being accountable as a nurse:

1. Repercussions for failing to be answerable

Loss of job – a nurse might end up losing his/her job or worst case scenario losing their practice license for lack of accountability.

Lack of trust between patient and the nurses – When a nurse is not able to be answerable to the patient on some actions. There might be a grave loss of trust.

It is very important for nurses to uphold this principle in high esteem. A simple mistake can cost a life. Nurses are at the forefront of saving lives and that’s just it.

Loyalty

Loyalty or allegiance is also another important principle. This is the keeping of one’s promise and believing in a cause. Nurses’ relationships with their patients must be built on loyalty and trust. Nurses are not allowed under any circumstance to disclose their patent issues to any third party.

Failure to keep or adhere to this principle could lead to mistrust between the patients and the nurse. This in turn will jeopardize the treatment process. For this reason, nurses must prove trustworthy to their patients.

Kindheartedness

This principle is very important to nurses. Nurses are required to be kind to all patients considering the fact that not all patients suffer from the same illness. As they dispense their duty nurses must embrace charity and beneficence.

This principle dictates that nurses must act and show genuine love, care, generosity, and concern to the patient.  They are required to act so irrespectively of their personal interest or opinion.

In absence of this principle, the hospital would be a death zone. People go to facilities to seek help in their time of need and all they need is a kind heart to receive them and give them hope. This principle is one among other vital principles.

Patient freedom

The patients have the freedom of expression and are limited in what they can say. This is built on the trust the nurse has created with the patient. Nurses have to respect the patient’s decision for example when a
diagnosis
is done and the patient requests that his report not be shared with anyone. The nurses have no reason but to oblige except when the patient is incapacitated or unconscious.

Human relationship

Human relationship is part of the ethics that dictates mutual respect and resilience. This also encompasses the confidence of patients and their privacy. Nurses are faced with such situations on daily basis. Irrespective of the condition a patient is in. A nurse is still required to exercise humanity because their core value is to preserve life.

Where there is no humanity, then the nurses would be abandoning some severe cases and shouting on top of their voices the condition of the sick.

Ethics in nursing and morality

Ethics and morality question always crops up when a dire decision is to be made. They could be advised by deteriorating health which would call for
critical decision-making
. Nurses could be caught at a crossroads of having the right idea of what to do but cannot execute as a moral obligation because of the laid down ethical principles.

Nurses are expected to deliver by the book and the availability of the standard ethics acts as a guideline. However, nurses being human beings are sometimes tested to apply morality when situations are getting out of hand.

Job Performance and Nursing Ethics

The codes of ethics that encompass
nursing as a career
are designed to ensure that standard service delivery is maintained.

The nursing code of conduct is built around end-of-life issues, bioethics, advocacy, caregiving and moral courage, moral distress, and moral resilience. The nurses are expected to deliver t on these non-negotiable grounds.

As they go on with their duties, nurses are required to employ their moral judgment as long as they are within the set guidelines.

Nurses are also expected to exercise, understanding, compassion, and loyalty, and ensure freedom of speech to the patients. They are also expected to render caregiving irrespective of their personal beliefs and feelings toward a patient. All these are geared towards a good and standard
delivery of health care
services.

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S3 Heart Sound Pathophysiology Essay

Mrs. K is a 60-year-old white female who presented to the ER with complaints of her heart “beating out of my chest.” She is complaining that she is having increased episodes of shortness of breath over the last month and in fact has to sleep on 4 pillows. She also notes that the typical swelling she’s had in her ankles for years has started to get worse over the past two months, making it especially difficult to get her shoes on toward the end of the day. In the past week, she’s been experiencing fatigue and decreased urine output S3 Heart Sound Pathophysiology Essay. Her past history is positive for an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass surgery. She was a 2 pack a day smoker, but quit 8 years ago.

On physical examination, auscultation of the heart revealed a rumbling S3 gallop and inspiratory crackles. She has +3 edema of the lower extremities. Question: Discuss the pathophysiology of an S3 heart sound and include causes for an S3 gallop?

 

Pathophysiology of an S3 Heart Sound

Introduction

The third heart sound (S3) is a rare occurrence in normal individuals more than 40 years of age, only occurring as an extra heart sound after the first heart two sounds lub-dub and is often associated with heart failure. Clinically S3 heart sound occurs as a displaced apical pulse (Shono et al., 2019). S3 Heart Sound Pathophysiology Essay The third heart sound is a low frequency, short lasting vibration that occurs at the end of diastole. Most often, clinicians refer to it as a ventricular gallop, a diastolic gallop, protodiastolic gallop. Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud first used the term
gallop
 in 1847 by to describe the cadence of the three heart sounds occurring in rapid succession

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Pathophysiology

The third heart sound is often associated with several disorders such as tachypnea, tachycardia, mitral regurgitation, dilated cardio myopathy, post myocardial infarction, ventral septal defects, and elevated left atrial and ventricular pressures and its pathogenesis lies in dysfunction of the ventricles. In the case of MI, the heart wall muscles undergo ischemia due to obstruction of the coronary arteries (Shono et al., 2019). This infarction can originate from an atherosclerotic plague, which acts a source of thrombi downstream thus leading to necrosis of the myocardium in about 24 hours. In the case of a left sided heart failure, the patient develops a dilated left ventricular wall due to increased resistance and decreased cardiac output. This in turn activates the renin angiotensin system that only worsens the conditions even further due to increase in systemic volume thus causing a volume overload to an already defective heart (Latha, Sabanayagam & Aneesh, 2017).

Conclusion

The third heart sound is an indicator of cardiovascular pathology that needs immediate action to save the life of a patient. If detected on physical examination or even echocardiography the patient needs adequate monitoring and management S3 Heart Sound Pathophysiology
Essay
.

References

Latha, R., Sabanayagam, A., & Aneesh, Y. M. (2017). Heart sound and abnormal heart sound detection method based on signal characteristic. 
International Journal of Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (IJMSE)
, 
5
(2), 99-103.

Shono, A., Mori, S., Yatomi, A., Kamio, T., Sakai, J., Soga, F., & Hirata, K. I. (2019). Ultimate Third Heart Sound. 
Internal Medicine
, 
58
(17), 2535-2538 S3 Heart Sound Pathophysiology Essay.

Every year, students across the country are tasked with writing essays as part of their school curriculum. Many students struggle to choose a topic for their essays, which can be frustrating and overwhelming. When choosing a topic for a proposal essay, students often find themselves in a difficult situation.

There are so many options to choose from that it can be hard to decide on just one. However, there is no need to worry. To make the process easier, we’ve compiled a list of the latest and most interesting proposal essay topics. With these topics, you’ll be ready to write a successful essay.

This list of the 150 latest proposal essay topics will make it much easier for you to choose a good topic for your proposal essay. So, take a look and see which one interests you the most. With these topics, you’ll be well on writing a successful essay.

What is a proposal essay?

A proposal essay is an essay that proposes a solution to a problem or a course of action in response to a problem. It is an
argumentative essay
that presents a problem and proposes a solution. A good proposal essay will have a clear thesis, be well-organized, and make a convincing case for its solution.

Tips for writing an excellent proposal essay

A proposal essay is an essay that proposes an idea, solution, or improvement. If you’re considering writing a proposal essay, you should keep a few key points in mind.

Start with a strong hook. Your first sentence should grab readers’ attention and make them want to read more. Try to use an interesting statistic or quote that relates to your topic.

Clearly state your position in the opening paragraph. Your readers should know what side of the issue you are on from the beginning.

Ensure that your proposal is well-organized and clear. It should have a strong introduction that states your thesis and a logical structure that flows from one point to the next.

Remember that a proposal essay is not an argumentative essay; instead, it should be objective and provide evidence to support your proposal.

Back up your claims with evidence. This can be in the form of data, quotes from experts, or anecdotes.

Ensure that your proposal is relevant and feasible

Your proposal should be well-researched and thought out

Finally, be sure to edit and proofread your essay before submitting it

Tips on how to select an excellent proposal essay topic

When it comes to proposal essays, the best way to gain your reader’s support is to craft a well-researched and convincing argument. To do so, you need to choose a good proposal essay topic. Here are some tips on how you can select a good topic for your proposal essay:

Choose a topic that you are passionate about. Not only will this make the writing process more enjoyable, but you will also be more likely to produce a
high-quality
paper.

Choose a researchable topic. This means that there should be enough information available on the topic to allow you to write a comprehensive paper. This will help you familiarize yourself with the different aspects of the issue that you will be discussing in your essay.

Choose an arguable topic. A good proposal essay will take an unpopular stance on an issue and attempt to persuade the reader to see your point of view.

Identify your audience: Who are you writing this essay for? What are their needs and interests? Knowing this will help you zero in on a topic that will resonate with them.

Consider how controversial the topic is. A good proposal essay will make a case for an idea that is not universally accepted. If everyone already agrees with your proposal, it won’t be very interesting or persuasive.

By following these tips, you can select a good proposal essay topic that you will be able to write about effectively.

Proposal essay topic ideas

If you’re stuck on what to write about in your next essay, consider these proposal essay topic ideas. With everything from national politics to personal relationships, there’s sure to be a topic that interests you.

No matter your stance on the issue, there’s bound to be a proposal essay topic that gets you fired up and ready to write. With so many different options, you’re sure to find a proposal essay topic that interests you.

Proposal essay topics on social issues and social life

In recent years, social issues and social life have become hot topics for proposal essays. Here are some ideas for proposal papers on social issues and social life:

How can society reduce poverty?

What is the root cause of poverty, and how can we address it?

What would be the most effective way to assist those living in poverty?

What are the main causes of homelessness, and how can they be addressed?

What are the different types of assistance available to homeless individuals, and which is most effective?

What can be done to prevent homelessness?

What are the root causes of substance abuse, and how can they be addressed?

How can society reduce the stigma surrounding mental health?

What steps can be taken to increase diversity and inclusion in the workplace?

What can be done to bridge the divide between law enforcement and communities of color?

The impact of social media on society and individuals

How has the internet changed the way we interact with each other?

The rise of the ‘selfie’ culture and its impact on body image and self-esteem

Is technology making us more or less sociable?

Proposal essay topics on politics and government

Politics and government are two of the most popular subjects when writing a proposal essay. There are several different topics that you can choose from these two subjects. Here are a few proposal essay topics to get you started:

The current state of American politics and how it can be improved.

The role of the government in ensuring a stable economy.

The impact of political corruption on society as a whole.

The importance of an effective political system in maintaining order.

How can the relationship between the government and the people be improved?

What steps should be taken to ensure that all voices are heard in the political process?

Is democracy the best form of government? Why or why not?

How has the U.S. government’s role changed over time?

What is the most effective way to lobby Congress?

Is gerrymandering ethical?

Proposal essay topics on the economy

A well-functioning economy is critical to the success of any society. As such, there are a variety of proposal essay topics that you could write on regarding the economy. Here are a few ideas to get you started:

Evaluating the impact and role of taxation on the economy.

The role of government intervention in the economy.

The benefits and drawbacks of different economic systems.

The effect of globalization on the economy.

The future of the world economy.

The current state of the economy and its impact on businesses and consumers.

Proposing solutions to improve the economy.

The role of the government in regulating the economy.

How economic recessions can be prevented or mitigated.

The role of government spending in stimulating the economy

The impact of interest rates on inflation and economic activity

How exchange rates affect trade balance and currency values

Proposal essay topics on law and justice

There are many pressing issues in law and justice, making it a popular topic for proposal essays. Below are some ideas for proposal essay topics on law and justice:

The role of social media in influencing public opinion on legal cases.

The death penalty: is it an effective crime deterrent?

Proposing changes to existing law to make the justice system more effective or efficient.

Examine whether current laws deter crime and protect citizens’ rights.

Investigating how different legal systems around the world deal with similar issues and proposing possible solutions based on these findings.

Propose new methods for dealing with crimes outside the traditional legal system, such as restorative justice or community-based solutions.

Examine how current laws disproportionately impact certain groups of people and propose ways to address this imbalance.

How does the current justice system work in relation to race and ethnicity? Are people of color more likely to be incarcerated? If so, why? And what solutions can be proposed to address this issue?

What is the role of restorative justice in society? Is it an effective way to handle crime and conflict? Why or why not?

What are the implications of DNA evidence in the criminal justice system? Should all states require convicted felons to submit DNA samples? Why or why not?

How does mental illness play a role in the criminal justice system? Should people with mental illness be treated differently by the law? If so, how?

Proposal essay topics on culture and literature

Culture and literature are two of the most important aspects of society. They both have a profound impact on the way we think, feel, and behave.  Some examples of proposal paper topics ideas include:

Examining the role of culture in shaping literary works.

Analyzing how different cultures perceive and interpret literature differently.

Investigating the impact of globalization on local cultures and their literary traditions.

How has the study of culture and literature changed over time?

What are some common themes in different cultures’ literature?

How do different authors from different cultures approach similar topics?

What is the relationship between culture and literary interpretation?

How does literature reflect the values and beliefs of a culture?

How do cultural norms influence the way we interpret and respond to literature?

What is the role of literature in shaping and reflecting our individual and collective identities?

What can we learn about a culture from its folktales, myths, and legends?

History proposal essay topics

Choosing an appropriate topic for a proposal essay can be tricky. It’s important to select a topic that is not too broad or too narrow and one that has the potential to be interesting to both you and your audience. Look at this list of interesting proposal essay topics.

The American Revolution – Why did the colonist’s revolt? What were their grievances? How did the war play out?

The French Revolution – What were the causes of the French Revolution? How did it differ from the American Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution – What were the major changes during this period? What factors led to industrialization?

The problem of historical revisionism and how it affects our understanding of the past

How different interpretations of history can lead to conflict

The role of historians in preserving and presenting history accurately

What should be done with historic artifacts and sites in danger of being lost or destroyed?

How can we learn from history without repeating its mistakes?

The Second World War. The build-up to the war, life in Europe during the conflict, and America’s role in the victory.

The role of women in history

The impact of war on society

The rise and fall of civilizations

Psychology proposal essay topics

When writing a psychology proposal essay, there are many topics to choose from. However, the topics are different. Some topics are more engaging and thought-provoking than others. Here are four psychology proposal essay topics that are sure to get your creative juices flowing:

Why do people conform?

How does the brain process fear?

What motivates people to change their behavior?

How do our emotions affect our decision-making?

The effects of nature vs nurture on human behavior.

The impact of childhood trauma on mental health in adulthood.

The role of genetics in psychological disorders.

The efficacy of different treatments for mental illness.

The relationship between sleep and
mental health
.

How does social media use affect the mental health of adolescents?

How can different types of therapy be used to treat depression?

Proposal essay topics on education

There are many potential topics for an education essay. Here are some good proposal essay topics on education to get you started:

The impact of technology on education – is it positive or negative?

The role of education in society – how does it shape our values and beliefs?

Is single-sex education beneficial or harmful?

Should the government do more to fund early childhood education?

How can we make sure that all students have access to quality education?

What are the best ways to improve educational outcomes for all students?

The increasing cost of higher education and how it affects students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Standardized testing and its impact on the quality of education.

The role of technology in the classroom and its effect on learning outcomes.

Early childhood education’s importance in cognitive development and future success in school.

The effectiveness of different teaching methods

The importance of extracurricular activities in schools

Is homeschooling a viable option for all students?

Proposal essay topics on business

A business proposal is a written offer from a seller to a prospective buyer. It persuades the buyer to buy the seller’s product or service. The proposal must be clear and concise. There are many possible topics for a business proposal essay.

How can businesses make the transition to a paperless office?

What are the benefits and drawbacks of franchising?

How can businesses make sure they are compliant with data privacy laws?

What are the best methods for customer retention?

How can businesses reduce their carbon footprint?

What are the pros and cons of mergers and acquisitions?

How can businesses make use of big data?

Should businesses be required to provide paid parental leave?

Discussing the pros and cons of starting your own business.

Examining the feasibility of expanding a current business.

Investigating the benefits and drawbacks of different marketing strategies.

Researching the most effective methods for managing employee productivity.

Arguing for or against outsourcing certain aspects of your business operation.

Analyzing the financial stability of different businesses in your industry sector.

Evaluating the impact that new technology has on businesses today.

Technology proposal essay topics

When it comes to technology, there are always new ways to improve existing systems or create entirely new ones. As a result, there is no shortage of potential topics for a technology proposal essay.

Developing a new school app would help students keep track of their assignments and deadlines.

Creating a system that would allow people to vote online in presidential elections.

Implementing a nationwide program to recycle electronic waste.

The impact of 5G technology on our lives.

The potential of blockchain technology.

The role of artificial intelligence in our future.

The use of artificial intelligence in Healthcare.

The pros and cons of 5G technology.

The impact of social media on our lives.

The future of driverless cars.

The role of technology in the workplace.

Environment proposal essay topics

A well-written environment proposal essay can have a significant impact on the quality of our environment. Here are some topics to consider when writing your environment proposal essay:

The Importance of Recycling

The Dangers of Pesticides

The impact of human activity on the environment.

The role of the government in protecting the environment.

The future of the environment in light of climate change.

The benefits of renewable energy sources.

The importance of protecting endangered species and habitats.

The benefits of living a more sustainable lifestyle.

Whether or not humans cause global warming.

How can we reduce our reliance on fossil fuels

Healthcare proposal essay topics

When it comes to Healthcare, there are a lot of different Proposal Essay Topics that can be covered. Here are some examples of potential topics:

The Pros and Cons of Universal Health Care

The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Healthcare in America

How Privatization of Healthcare affects Patients and Doctors

Is Healthcare a Human Right?

Proposing a new way to fund Healthcare, such as through a single-payer system or increasing taxes on the wealthy.

Exploring the pros and cons of implementing universal Healthcare in the
United States
.

Investigating whether or not current healthcare laws and regulations are adequate in protecting patients’ rights and privacy.

Nursing proposal essay topics

There are many potential topics for a nursing proposal essay. The following is a list of some possible topics to consider:

Implementing new technology in nursing practice.

Developing nurse-led clinics.

Establishing nurse mentorship programs.

Introducing evidence-based practice in nursing.

Creating nurse-led research initiatives.

The impact of technology on nursing

The importance of effective communication in nursing

The challenges of providing quality nursing care in a fast-paced environment

How can nurses best provide care for patients with chronic illnesses?

What are the best ways to prevent hospital-acquired infections?

How can nurses improve communication with patients and families?

What are the ethical considerations for providing end-of-life care?

Investigating how different
nursing theories
can be applied to real-world scenarios.

Bottom line

These nursing proposal essay topics provide a starting point for nurses to explore the complexities of patient care and advocate for change. You can use their unique position to improve the quality of care for all patients. These topics are just a few examples of how nurses can make a difference. With dedication and commitment, you can continue to be the driving force behind positive change in Healthcare.

NRS-429 Topic 1 DQ 2

One of the goals of patient education is to encourage behavior change or improve lifestyle practices by encouraging a decrease in risk-taking behaviors which can lead to illness or progression of chronic illness (Whitney, 2018). Health promotion focuses on a healthy lifestyle. It includes a reduction of risky behaviors, developmental needs, preventative self-care (Whitney, 2018). Health promotion models clarify and encourage behavioral changes which are based on health promotion.  The Pender’s health promotion
model
uses a positive approach to behavioral changes.  It incorporates the patient, the environment, nursing, health, and illness to alter behaviors (Lightner, 2022).  Considering the patient’s experiences, motivations and understanding of health, when devising a plan of care that includes education, sets the framework for a successful transition to a healthier lifestyle NRS-429 Topic 1 DQ 2.  A study found that a nurse-lead program of exercise based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model changed the behaviors of patients in several ways.  There was an increase in the patient’s perception of the benefit of exercise, in their view of their abilities, and in the effect of the exercise (Karata’s & Polat, 2021) In the study nurses educated CAD patients about their health, condition, recommended exercise and benefit if exercises, over a period of time.  The study showed an increase understanding of the benefit of exercise and in the patient’s self-efficacy. Karata’s & Polat , 2021). Thus, patients in the study developed behavioral changes that led to a healthier lifestyle.

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Some barriers that nurses encounter when educating patients are the patient’s knowledge of their health and the effects of lifestyle on health, patient’s low self-efficacy with regards to health, culture and environment, access to health care. A patient’s readiness to learn can be a motivator or a barrier. NRS-429 Topic 1 DQ 2 Assessing the patient and environment is important in discerning a patient’s reediness to learn. Is the patient in pain? Is the patient worried about something other than health? Can the patient see or hear well? Do they have their glass or hearing aids? What is their attitude towards their condition? By considering the answers nurses can determine how effective their teaching will be or how to adjust teaching to encourage an effective session.

References

Karata’s , T., & Polat, U. (2021, May). Effects of nurse-led program on he exercise behavior of coronary artery patients: Pender’s Health Promotion Model . Elsevier. Patient Education and Counseling. Retrieved June 2, 2022, from 
https://www-sciencedirect-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0738399120305383

Lightner, B. (2022). Nola Pender. Salem Press Biographical Encyclopedia NRS-429 Topic 1 DQ 2.

Whitney , S. (2018). Teaching and Learning Styles . CCC web books by AWS & CDD. Retrieved May 31, 2022, from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/#/chapter/1

 

Topic 1 DQ 2

Describe
a health promotion
model
used to initiate behavioral changes. How does this model help in teaching behavioral changes? What are some of the barriers that affect a patient’s ability to learn? How does a patient’s readiness to learn, or readiness to change, affect learning outcomes?

According to our textbook, health promotion is “the act of educating people about healthy lifestyles, reduction of risk, developmental needs, activities of daily living and preventive self-care”. As nurses, we have the professional and ethical responsibility to promote health in all of our patients, throughout the lifespan and across all of the different fields in which they practice.

One particular model of health promotion that I think is important is the family connections model that states that families consist of individuals whose actions affect each other. These individuals create systems and patterns regarding how they all live together NRS-429 Topic 1 DQ 2.

I think this is very important for nurses to consider because so often we are working not only with the patient but also with the patients family. In order to encourage true change towards healthy lifestyles, we need to understand that changes may need to happen in the family level or we need to measure if the family is flexible enough to withstand a shift within their patterns. For example, if an individual is ready to adapt a healthier diet but their family does not see the benefit and instead continues to buy processed and unhealthy foods, it will be harder for that patient to succeed than if they all decided to eat healthier together.

Health Promotion: Health & Wellness Across the Continuum
. (2018). [E-book]. Grand Canyon University. Retrieved August 5, 2022, from 
https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/#/chapter/1

Ryan, A. (2015). 
Promoting family connections.
Nursing Case Studies on Improving Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults, 251
NRS-429 Topic 1
DQ 2.

Self-efficacy theory Essay – Topic 1 DQ 2

Describe A Health Promotion Model Used to Initiate Behavioral Changes

Self-efficacy theory is one of the health promotion models that outlines the theoretical foundation for behavioral change. The model was established by Bandura, who suggested that a person has the capacity to influence their outcomes on a specific task. A person’s perception of their ability to change a particular behavior impacts and determines their capabilities to initiate the change, leading to a better outcome (Li, 2020) Self-efficacy theory Essay. The theory delineates that self-evaluation, and application of past experiences and skills, together with behavioral and environmental factors, are core in shaping an individual’s behavior. It enlightens patients to be in charge of decisions regarding their health, ultimately impacting their health behaviors and outcomes.

Self-efficacy theory Essay – How Does This Model Help in Teaching Behavioral Changes?

The self-efficacy model plays a significant role in enabling people to learn about behavioral changes. The theory posits that behavioral change depends on the degree of belief in one’s capacity to change bad health behavior. For example, an individual with higher self-efficacy trying to quit smoking is more likely to change their behavior than the one with lower self-efficacy. The model dictates the goals an individual decides to pursue, the strategies for achieving the goals, and how to reflect on the performance (Li, 2020).

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Self-efficacy theory Essay – What Are Some of the Barriers That Affect a Patient’s Ability to Learn?

Indeed, various factors can interfere with a patient’s ability to learn, including inadequate motivation, insufficient hospitalization time, and inadequate knowledge about the essence of education (Beigzadeh et al., 2019). A patient experiencing severe pain and distress due to their health condition will not be in a position to learn. Language and cultural barriers can also affect the patient’s capacity to learn since the patient will not communicate effectively with the nurse.

How Does a Patient’s Readiness to Learn, Or Readiness to Change, Affect Learning Outcomes?

Patients who demonstrate the desire to learn or change will be more ready to receive the teaching and are likely to put effort into the education provided; in turn, the teaching will impact them positively (Beigzadeh et al., 2019) Self-efficacy theory Essay. However, patients with low learning readiness may face challenging personal situations and reduced emotional, physical, or mental ability to receive and tolerate the teaching, interfering with the outcome of the activity.

References

Beigzadeh, A., Yamani, N., Bahaadinbeigy, K., & Adibi, P. (2019). Challenges and problems of clinical medical education in Iran: A systematic review of the literature. 
Strides in Development of Medical Education
, 
16
(1). 
https://doi.org/10.5812/sdme.89897

Li, C. (2020). Self-efficacy theory. In 
Routledge Handbook of Adapted Physical Education
 (pp. 313-325). Routledge. 
https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429052675-24

 

Topic 1 DQ 2

Describe a health promotion model used to initiate behavioral changes. How does this model help in teaching behavioral changes? What are some of the barriers that affect a patient’s ability to learn? How does a patient’s readiness to learn, or readiness to change, affect learning outcomes? Self-efficacy theory Essay

NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay

Topic 1 DQ 2

Describe a health promotion model used to initiate behavioral changes. How does this model help in teaching behavioral changes? What are some of the barriers that affect a patient’s ability to learn? How does a patient’s readiness to learn, or readiness to change, affect learning outcomes?

According to
Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum, 
the Health Belief Model an be used to predict or explain health behavior and predict readiness for change NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay. This health promotion model digs further into the compliance of some individuals versus the noncompliance of others. The Health Belief Model was developed by a man names Godfrey Rosenstock. Rosenstock developed the Health Belief Model in attempts to fully understand the reasoning behind declining health in patients who had resources available to positively affect their health. “The five necessary components for individual change in health behavior modeled in Rosenstock’s model are the perceived:”

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Susceptibility toward health threat,

Severity of health threat,

Benefits of action to reduce threat of illness,

Barriers to initiating preventative action, and

Ability to take preventative action or self-efficacy (Montanaro & Bryan, 2013).

We as nurses spend the most hands on time with our patients. Therefore, we are the ones who are able to detect what hinders our patients from health. Understanding their goals for health is an important start. The Health Belief Model helps identify what barriers there are in regards to a patients health. Barriers such as lack of education, lack of resources, lack of money or health benefits are all determining factors when attempting to identify barriers to a patients lack of healthcare. “The health-belief model offers an approach to understanding health-related behaviour. A clear understanding of the cause of behaviour is necessary in order to predict change. A clear understanding of cause is also necessary for determining methods to influence health behaviour.” Davidhizar R. (1983) NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay. Understanding each and every individual patients learning styles are essential in their way of learning and ability to learn the information provided. By adapting to each of their learning styles, we are able to improve their health by teaching our patients in ways that will promote their health and provide them with the information they need in order to remain free of hospitalizations.

Grand Canyon University (Ed). (2018). 
Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum.
Retrieved from 
https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/

Davidhizar R. (1983). Critique of the health-belief model. 
Journal of advanced nursing
, 
8
(6), 467–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00473.x NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay

 

NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay sample 2

Health behavior models and theories can assist explain why people and groups act the way they do (Sulat et al., 2018). These models and ideas can help planners improve the efficacy of their program design, execution, and assessment. It is important to realize that different models may be acceptable in various situations (Sulat et al., 2018). There is no one- size-fits-all solution; each individual or group deserves programming that is tailored to their particular requirements (Sulat et al., 2018).

The Trans theoretical model outlines the process of behavior change and takes into consideration an individual's willingness to create and maintain behavioral changes (Prochaska, 2020). This concept is beneficial because it assists planners in developing programs that are tailored to an individual's preparedness, motivation, and ability. According

to the Trans theoretical paradigm, health behavior change comprises six phases of change: pre contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination (Prochaska, 2020).

i. Pre contemplation is the stage in which people do not intend to act in the near future, which is commonly characterized as the next six months. People may be at this stage because they are unaware of or are under informed about the repercussions of their actions. Alternatively, they may have attempted to change several times and gotten discouraged about their ability to change.

ii. Contemplation is the stage at which individuals aim to make a change during the following six months. They are more conscious of the benefits of change, but they are also more aware of the drawbacks.

iii. Preparation is the stage at which individuals anticipate to act in the near

future, generally within the next month.

iv. Action; People have reached the stage of action when they have made

particular overt changes in their lifestyles during the last six months. Because

activity can be seen, behavior modification is frequently associated with

action.

v. Maintenance; Individuals in maintenance try to prevent relapse, but they do

not use change procedures as regularly as people in action. They are less likely

to relapse and are growing more confidence in their ability to maintain their

progress NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay.

vi. Termination; the final stage is to ensure that the person will not desire to

return to the previous behavior. People are sure they will not relapse. This

stage is tough to achieve since trigger exposure typically persists.

To go through these levels, a person might engage in a variety of cognitive and emotional

activities. NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay These include self- and environmental revaluation when a person considers the

harm that certain habits might cause to themselves and their families (Prochaska, 2020).

People may employ stimulus control to recognize and restrict their exposure to elements that

encourage relapse, as well as reinforcement management to reward themselves for making

changes (Prochaska, 2020). They can also form beneficial relationships and use counter-

conditioning as a support network to reduce the chance of regressing.

References

Prochaska, J. O. (2020). Transtheoretical model of behavior change. Encyclopedia of

behavioral medicine, 2266-2270.

Sulat, J. S., Prabandari, Y. S., Sanusi, R., Hapsari, E. D., & Santoso, B. (2018). The validity

of health belief model variables in predicting behavioral change: A scoping

review. Health Education. NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 Health Belief Model Theory Essay

Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay

Topic 1 DQ 2

Describe a health promotion model used to initiate behavioral changes. How does this model help in teaching behavioral changes? What are some of the barriers that affect a patient’s ability to learn? How does a patient’s readiness to learn, or readiness to change, affect learning outcomes?

It is a professional and ethical responsibility for nurses to provide patients with evidence-based health education and health counseling (Richard, Evans, & Williams, 2017, gcu.edu) Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay. The nurse must assess for individual patient learning style, and assess readiness for patient to receive education. Nurses can use many resources and different tools to promote health for patients. Nurses in all settings teach and counsel patients by promoting behavior change in current lifestyle practices and encouraging them to reduce behaviors that put them at risk and can lead to illness or worsening of chronic illness. Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay The nurse can utilize the
 
Transtheoretical model (TTM)
 
to assess the patients’ readiness to create a change in behavior. The model, formed by psychologists Prochaska and DiClemente in 1984, was originally used to help with smoking cessation. Since then, its application to achieve successful implementation of behavioral objectives has been useful. According to the TTM, behavior change progresses through six stages before change occurs. By assessing the patient’s readiness to change, the nurse can create appropriate behavioral objectives for the patient’s current stage (Edelman et al., 2014,gcu.edu).

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The stages of change toward the goal of behavior change to promote health include:

Precontemplation – the patient is thinking about a behavior change, but not actively intending to make any changes.

Contemplation – the patient is considering a change within the next six months.

Planning or preparation – the patient is seriously considering a change within a month.

Action – the patient has made a change and it has lasted for six months.

Maintenance – long-term continued commitment, beyond six months.

Termination – ideal goal, no temptation to relapse (Edelman et al., 2014; Prochaska & DiClemente, 1984,guc.edu).

There are numerous barriers that can potentially affect a patient’s ability to learn. Such as language, culture, age, race, disability Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay. The United States is ethnically and racially diverse. For many patients English is a second language (Whitney, 2021,gcu.edu).Nurses must use creative skills to help their patients. Translators who are qualified to assist patients and families are available in most health care centers either by telephone or in person. Hospital patient care services may provide various materials such as communication tools or printable discharge instructions in other languages for patients with language barriers.

Grand Canyon University (Ed). (2018). 
Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum.
 Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/

 

Sample essay 2 – Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay

Health promotion according to the World health organization (WHO) is defined as the ability to allow individuals to take care of themselves (Ottawa,1986) Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay. Health promotion should be included along the life spectrum, and it requires collaboration from family and healthcare team members. With increased life expectancy it is crucial to educate individuals on how to take care of themselves as they get older. Nurses are at the forefront of this essential responsibility, and it also blends with nurse advocacy for patients to make informed decisions about their health and care. The health promotion used to initiate behavioral changes is the transtheoretical model of nursing (TTM) which teaches health promotion prevention measures. This model helps the nurse identify patient readiness to adopt changes necessary to improve health Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay.

The TTM model help nurse in teaching behavioral changes in that, it gives the nurse the opportunity to assess and determine the individuals who might be having some difficulties. Their motivation and readiness to change help the nurse plan specific care needs. Learning is individualized. the ability of the patient to learn must be innate. However, some patients may be willing to learn but there are certain barriers that prevent them from doing so such as language, culture, and beliefs. The nurse must assess learning needs before planning what to teach. The patient’s readiness to learn is a motivating factor to get engaged and participate. If the patient is ready to learn, the outcome of that learning will be effective and vice versa.

Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay References

Beagley L. (2011). Educating patients: understanding barriers, learning styles, and teaching techniques. 
Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses
, 
26
(5), 331–337. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2011.06.002

Kone, J., Bartels, I.-M., Valkenburg-van Roon, A. A., & Visscher, T. L. S. (2022). Parents’ perception of health promotion: What do parents think of a healthy lifestyle in parenting and the impact of the school environment? A qualitative research in the Netherlands. 
Journal of Pediatric Nursing
, 
62
, e148–e155. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.09.005 Transtheoretical model (TTM) Essay

NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1

Topic 1 DQ 1

Describe the nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator. What strategies, besides the use of learning styles, can a nurse educator consider when developing tailored individual care plans, or for educational programs in health promotion? When should behavioral objectives be utilized in a care plan or health promotion?

The
nurse’s role and responsibility
as a health educator are to promote health and prevent disease through education. This can be done through individual care plans or educational programs in health promotion. “Nurses have the role of forming, developing and empowering the community, as well as allowing the community to be protagonists of their lives, empowering them with the knowledge that facilitates their daily practices for a healthy life” Barreto, et al (2019). Nurses are front-line workers, so they have important roles and responsibilities during the COVID-19 outbreak. NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1
 
Strategies that can be used include the use of learning styles, behavioral objectives, and tailored individual care plans. The use of learning styles is important when developing tailored individual care plans or educational programs in health promotion. Everyone learns differently and using different learning styles can help ensure that the individual understands the material. For example, some people are visual learners and will benefit from seeing pictures or diagrams. Others are auditory learners and will benefit from hearing the material explained. Others are kinesthetic learners and will benefit from hands-on activities.

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Behavioral objectives can also be used when developing tailored individual care plans or educational programs in health promotion. Behavioral objectives are specific, measurable goals that are designed to change behavior. For example, a behavioral objective might be to increase the number of fruits and vegetables that a person eats per day. Tailored individual care plans are also important when developing educational programs in health promotion and taking into account the individual’s specific needs and goals NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1. For example, a tailored individual care plan for a person with diabetes might focus on healthy eating and exercise.

References

Barreto, A. C. O., Rebouças, C. B. D. A., Aguiar, M. I. F. D., Barbosa, R. B., Rocha, S. R., Cordeiro, L. M., … & Freitas, R. W. J. F. D. (2019). Perception of the Primary Care multiprofessional team on health education. 
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
, 
72
, 266-273.

Fawaz, M., Anshasi, H., & Samaha, A. (2020). Nurses at the front line of COVID-19: Roles, responsibilities, risks, and rights. 
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
, 
103
(4), 1341 NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1.

Halse, K., Fonn, M., & Christiansen, B. (2014). Health education and the pedagogical role of the nurse: Nursing students learning in the clinical setting.

SAMPLE 2

A nurse educator’s role and responsibilities include teaching and advocating for nurses as well as patients. They instruct aspiring nurses and offer guidance, which may include training in both practical and educational settings.

 

In addition, a patient should be educated from the point of admission to the date of discharge.

Assessment of the nurses own learning styles should first be assessed prior to creating a plan of care for a patient. “Self-reflection, personal knowing, and the development of a personal self-care plan are all relevant practices for the professional nurse” (Whitney, 2018). Developing an individual care plan for a patient should include an assessment of the lived experiences the patient has encountered prior to arriving at his current health status NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1.

Language barriers and English as a second language can have a negative effect on communication. The patients’ level of literacy, culture, and environment are major factors in the assessment process. Strategies such as creating games and role play situations during educating are also great ways for educating that a lot of nurse educators use to liven up dull material.

Measurable objectives should be implemented. Evidence- based practice requires nurses to access and appraise evidence from nursing assessment and patient data to develop an objective
NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion
Topic 1 DQ 1. The patient will learn to promote health. The nurse needs to collaborate with healthcare professionals to promote behavioral changes.

Behavioral objectives are specific guidelines, which are provided to nurses and medical staff, patients, and the family of patients to provide the best care. Behavioral objectives should be implemented into plan of care as soon as learning barriers and motivation level have been identified (Whitney,2018). It should be utilized when discharging a patient, so they have specific step by step instruction on how to properly continue their care on their own.

References

Grand Canyon University (Ed). (2018). 
Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum.
Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/ NRS-429VN Family-Centered Health Promotion Topic 1 DQ 1

Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1

Educating patients is an essential task for all nursing staff. Patients must be trained from admission to discharge. Nurses always have the opportunity to educate and train patients.  (Flanders, 2018) believes that this is the first process of health education. Patient evaluation is essential because each patient has different learning styles, education levels, values ​​and belief systems. The nurse is also responsible for assessing learning disabilities. Some of these barriers include cultural, health, environmental, language, literary, and physical barriers. Patients need to be trained to make wise decisions, manage their health, prevent disease and promote health Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 .

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Nurses need to understand what is essential to their patients and what motivates them to make education more effective. Every patient is different because every patient has different motivations and learning tendencies, as pointed out by  (Richard, Evans, & Williams, 2018). Nurses must use a teaching method to demonstrate effective teaching. When designing health promotion education programs, caregivers must pay attention to specific target groups with the same values and goals. It is crucial to determine the level of literacy and any other learning disabilities. Providing various resources, such as video, written, and audio materials, are essential for communicating and evaluating patient knowledge in teaching.

When the patient is ready to learn and change, behavioural goals should be used in the patient’s care plan. Before the nurse can use behavioural goals, she must determine the patient’s willingness to change and establish goals for the patient’s phase. The change is divided into six stages Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 . Nurses play a crucial role in patient education and play a key role in improving the health and well-being of patients.

References

Flanders, S. A. (2018, February). Effective Patient Education: Evidence and Common Sense. 
Nurses as Educators, 27
(1), 55-58. Retrieved June 20, 2021, from https://www.proquest.com/openview/cb3e59032617667dc83c68a4cf971c09/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=30764

Richard, E., Evans, T., & Williams, B. (2018, January). Nursing students’ perceptions of preparation to engage in patient education. 
Nurse Education in Practice, 28
(1), 1-6. Retrieved June 20, 2021, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1471595317306212

Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1  

Describe the nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator. What strategies, besides the use of learning styles, can a nurse educator consider when developing tailored individual care plans, or for educational programs in health promotion? When should behavioral objectives be utilized in a care plan or health promotion?

Sample two

When creating individualized treatment plans, nurses must look at what patients already know about their illnesses and eliminate any misconceptions they may have about their condition. (Ashton & Oermnn, 2014). To accomplish this, nurses should ask open-ended questions about the patient’s past and present knowledge about their disease and medication. A nurse educator can also employ the strategy of bringing education to the people Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 . Nurse educators should organize healthcare missions or trips to reach patients who do not go to the doctor’s office.

As a final option, educators can create individualized lesson plans for each patient. Religious and cultural beliefs should be considered in this plan because healthcare is a critical area in which they should be. Nurse educators must ensure that the educational program is developed and structured to meet the specific needs of each student. The patient must be made comfortable in order for the patient to comply with the nurse’s orders.

After a course of instruction, behavioral objectives can gauge a patient’s understanding of a new skill or medication. The teach-back method is excellent for testing the patient’s comprehension of new concepts (Smith & Zshar, 2013). Every skill that patients learn or are taught must be practiced. Rewarding good behavior is critical; for instance, a nurse could commend a teen for keeping track of their blood sugar levels and log those results. Patient outcomes are more likely to be successful if caregivers and patients actively participate in education.

Reference

In this case, S. B. (2017). Principles of Teaching and Learning in Nursing as a Nurse Educator

Ashton K, Oermann MH. Patient education in home care: strategies for success. Home Healthc Nurse. 2014 May;32(5):288-94. doi: 10.1097/NHH.0000000000000059. PMID: 24802599 Nurse’s role and responsibility as health educator – NRS-429VN Topic 1 DQ 1 .

Samantha Graves iHuman case Summary

Case Summary

Viral gastroenteritis is characterized by watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting and sometimes fever. it is transmitted through the fecal-oral route via contact with other infected people or through ingesting contaminated food or water.

The most common viruses that cause acute gastroenteritis are rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, and astrovirus.

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Acute viral gastroenteritis is usually treated with supportive treatments and is self-limited. There are no antiviral agents for the treatment of viral gastroenteritis. Samantha Graves iHuman case Summary

It is most important to assess the degree of dehydration in the child and take appropriate measures for treatment.

Dehydration is measured by the presence of weight loss, prolonged capillary refill time, loss of skir furgor, increased and deep respiratory pattern, diminished systolic and diastolic blood pressure, sunken fontanel, sunken eyes and dry mucus membranes.

Fluid repletion through IV fluids should be given if the dehydration is severe or the child is not tolerating oral liquids. For mild dehydration, oral rehydration is the first line treatment.

It is also recommended to continue an age appropriate diet. Although the BRAT diet and a clear liquid diet have been recommended in the past, those diets have been found to be restrictive and provide suboptimal nutrition.

Antidiarrheal and antimotility medications are not recommended for children due to the potential for serious side effects.

Antiemetics are not recommended in the routine management of viral gastroenteritis in children. However in cases of mild to moderate dehydration with persistent vomiting that interferes with oral rehydration, a single dose of ondansetron is reasonable Samantha Graves iHuman case Summary .

Patient disposition:

Samantha tolerated oral liquids well over the 24 hours. The next day, she was able to tolerate a regular diet. Her vomiting subsided over the next 24 hours and her diarrhea resolved in 48 hours. Samantha Graves iHuman case Summary