Category: Nursing

  • ION CHANNELS AND G PROTEINS

    ION CHANNELS AND G PROTEINS

    Explain the difference between ion channels and G proteins as they relate to signal transduction and targets of medications.

    How would you answer the following patient question:

    My grandmother has a mental illness. I have the same genes as her. Will I also get the same mental illness?

     

    ION CHANNELS AND G PROTEINS

    Signal Transduction and medication targets for Ion Channels and G Proteins

    Introduction

    In the context of biological processes, signal transduction is defined as the way in which cells respond to stimuli from their environment, as described by David et al. (2022). G proteins and ion channels are two of the most important players that take part in this affair. In this discussion, we will attempt to distinguish between ion channels and G proteins in relation to signal transduction as well as medication target. We will also make a note on how likely it is for one to develop mental illness if his or her family members also had one.

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    Ion Channels vs. G Proteins

    Ion channels are large molecules that are found on at least one side of the cell membrane, and which open in response to specific signals to increase the flow of ions. These fulfill or occlude according to changes in potential, mechanical stimuli, or ligand interaction. Firstly, their major purpose is to manage the ions like potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions, which are necessary for functions like muscular contractions or to transmit signals in the nervous system or to maintain an appropriate balance in vesicles (Duncan et al., 2022). Many drugs that act on ion channels are employed in the treatment for such diseases as epilepsy, arrhythmia, chronic pains, etc., due to the regulation of these ion flows.

    In contrast, G proteins, or guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, entail molecular switches that are contained in cells. They convey information from the cell surface receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) about stimuli occurring in the extracellular environment to the cellular signaling pathways. By binding to receptors, G proteins initiate a series of reactions involving second messengers such as cyclic AMP(cAMP). This pathway is involved in various physiological functions including sensory perception, immune system and signal transmission across the synapses. Some drugs acting on G proteins and their related receptors directly are widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and mental disorders, as mentioned above because of its influences on various cellular processes (David et al., 2022).

    Genetic Risk for Mental Illness

    When it comes to genetics and mental illness, it’s critical to recognize that while sharing genes with a relative who has a mental illness increases your risk of developing the same problem, it does not guarantee it. A complex interaction of hereditary, environmental, and lifestyle variables influences mental diseases. In addition to the possibility of inheriting a predisposition to specific mental health conditions, stress, trauma, and individual experiences all play essential roles (Andreassen et al., 2023). Therefore, although genetics plays a role, it is not the only one.

    Conclusion

    In conclusion, ion channels and G proteins are two of the most essential intracellular signaling proteins and have different functions. Still, they are tightly bound within the intracellular signaling process and necessary for many drugs. Knowing these mechanisms may help understand why a given treatment is effective or not and which aspect of the treatment is compelling. Likewise, knowing genetic factors that may be associated with mental disorders would be of great significance when trying to prevent or reduce risks associated with genetic disorders.

    References

    Andreassen, O. A., Hindley, G. F. L., Frei, O., & Smeland, O. B. (2023). New insights from the last decade of research in psychiatric genetics: discoveries, challenges and clinical implications. World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 22(1), 4–24.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21034

    David, D., Bentulila, Z., Tauber, M., & Ben-Chaim, Y. (2022). G Protein-Coupled Receptors Regulated by Membrane Potential. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(22), 13988.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213988

    Duncan, A. L., Song, W., & Sansom, M. S. P. (2020). Lipid-Dependent Regulation of Ion Channels and G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Insights from Structures and Simulations. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 60, 31–50.
    https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023411

  • Delegation: Delegating a comprehensive nursing assessment and a care plan to a unit registered nurse

    Delegation: Delegating a comprehensive nursing assessment and a care plan to a unit registered nurse

    3. Part II: Using Microsoft Word 2013, create the summary paper for the assignment. Include a title page with your name, date, and course information, as well as a reference page.

    a. The summary paper must be concisely written and a minimum of three (3) pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages).

    b. A minimum of two (2) peer-reviewed scholarly sources, current within five years, are required.

    c. Sources older than five years may not be used without the permission of the class professor.

    d. No direct quotes may be used in this assignment.

    e. First person may be used for this assignment.

     

    Delegation:
    Delegating
    a comprehensive nursing assessment and a care plan to a unit registered nurse

    Delegating a Comprehensive Nursing Assessment and a Care Plan

    Summary Paper

    Introduction

    Delegation is an important element in leadership in nursing as it provides ways and means of how resources could be channeled towards the delivery of quality patient care in the most efficient manner possible. For a master’s prepared advanced practice nurse leader it is quite an important duty to be able to delegate effectively about the various tasks and assignments being tasked. This paper will focus on the delegation of a comprehensive nursing assessment and care plan development to a unit registered nurse, which encompasses the process, things to consider, and anticipated effectiveness in the given scenario, as well as personal learning.

    Delegation Process

    The task I deemed appropriate to delegate was to admit a new patient and conduct a complete assessment followed by formulating a nursing care plan. This task is crucial since it involves the assessment of all the patient’s health-related issues and all his/her health needs are effectively met (Anthony & Vidal, 2021). Thus, the delegation process was divided into several steps that relate to some significant aspects to make the process more effective and safe.

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    Task Description: I offered the RN a comprehensive specification of the chore to give him/her a heads-up of what’s at stake and what’s expected of him/her. This was done by reviewing the systems checklist, carrying out systems review, history and examination, risk and routine promotion, mental state assessment, and global assessment of functioning.

    Importance and Rationale: I explained to him the significance of this type of work and how critical it is for the provision of sound patient care. It is important especially at first time to make an accurate analysis and to have a proper care plan to understand the patient’s requirements and enable correct actions (Anthony & Vidal, 2021). The purpose of this action was to balance workflow in the context of leveraging the RN’s capabilities while avoiding a burden on the team.

    Specific Instructions: In the interest of clearing any confusion, I provided details on how the task should be accomplished. This way includes the working plan of the assessment, which outlines the procedure to be followed throughout the assessment, the focus points in regard to the assessments, and the time frame of the assessment. I also made notes of anything outstanding or particularly relevant to the patient’s situation as may be necessary.

    Communication and Support: I was also approachable to the RN, particularly when they wanted an answer to something or indeed needed further clarification. I also reaffirmed that, as an advisor, I was there to assist them should they need any help in the process.

    Key Points of Delegation

    Some of the important factors that are involved in the delegation of power in nursing are as follows The Formal Delegation Model. These include:

    Clear Communication: Good communication plays a very big role in delegation so a proper explanation of the assignment to be done has to be clearly and comprehensively given. This makes sure that the RN understands what needs to be done, and what is expected as a result together with any special things that he or she should put into consideration (Kleinman, 2019).

    Scope of Practice: The task must also not be outside the practice of a professional nurse, and this must be the case. The RN must have skill, knowledge, and competence to execute the task without any harm to self, fellow workers, and patients.

    Accountability: As the task is delegated, the nurse leader stands encouraged to remain responsible for the overall management of the patient care. It is appropriate to report on the progress made so that the supervisor can determine whether the task has been well done or not.

    Resources and Support: It is to the advantage of the health care facility to provide him or her with the necessary resources and support to enable him or her do the task effectively (Kleinman, 2019). This entails ensuring that he or she uses the necessary equipment, receives necessary information, or receives necessary direction as appropriate.

    Evaluation: It is appropriate to assess the result achieved from the delegated task to facilitate the determination of whether this conforms to the required standard or not as well as to determine areas of strength and weakness.

    Expected Outcomes and Benefits

    When the delegates of the comprehensive nursing assessment and care plan developed, several benefits were anticipated. These include:

    Improved Patient Care: This paper seeks to highlight why and how assessment and care planning are essential in healthcare delivery because of their positive impact on improving the quality of care to patients (Hughes et al., 2022). This is because they aim at attending to every aspect of the patient’s health hence promoting improved health among them.

    Efficient Use of Resources: When setting a practice change, delegating tasks makes it possible to address various nursing needs efficiently. Misfit assignments guarantee that the right personnel making nurse leaders to focus on complicated areas are doing work.

    Professional Development: Delegation empowers RNs to grow professionally, and be able to practice in aspects that demand complicated procedures to be implemented. This benefits their career progress, and further, it improves their proficiency.

    Workload Management: Delegation of task in a way facilitates the work flow in the team and also ensures that no individual gets overwhelmed with work hence preventing cases of fatigue and inadequate attention to patients.

    Conclusion

    Through the delegation experience, I have found that both verbal and written communication, proper choice of tasks for delegation, and continual encouragement of the individual being delegated can do much in working towards a fulfilling and successful result. Self-spotted and delegated tasks While carrying out the comprehensive nursing assessment and the care planning, I was able to ensure the health status of the patient was well assessed per the nursing process while balancing the amount of work within the team of competent RNs Delegation: Delegating a comprehensive nursing assessment and a care plan to a unit registered nurse.

    Reflection

    In my opinion, the most valuable lesson I have learned about delegation is the essential trust and communication in the process of delegation. It was important to ensure that the RN felt that he/she was not alone in the process and that the steps to be followed in the committal of the task were fully appreciated. In my practice as an advanced practice nurse, I will apply this learning by ensuring that every team member understands the workflow of the team and possibly is up for any questions. This will promote integrated practice which in return the results will be much better in handling patients.

     

    References

    Anthony, M. K., & Vidal, K. (2021). Delegation and supervision: Essential competencies for the nurse leader. Nursing Management, 52(3), 50-55.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/00005110-200010000-00005

    Hughes, R., Meadows, M., & Begley, R. (2022). AONL nurse leader competencies: Core competencies for nurse leadership. Nurse Leader, 20(5), 437-443.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2022.08.005

    Kleinman, C. S. (2019). Effective delegation: Understanding responsibility, authority, and accountability. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(2), 242-248.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/s2155-8256(15)30126-5
      Delegation: Delegating a comprehensive nursing assessment and a care plan to a unit registered nurse

  • Mr. M is a 61-year-old male that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD

    Mr. M is a 61-year-old male that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD

    Mr. M Case Study

    The discovery of antibiotics marked a significant developmental milestone in medicine, resulting in better control and prevention of infectious disease. Antibiotics have helped populations over the years by reducing infectious disease burden and hence improving quality of life for the global community. However, recent misuses and overuse of antibiotics contribute to antibiotic resistance (Muteeb et al., 2023). The occurrence of antibiotic resistance is associated with compromised patient care, increased patient and case mortality rates, coupled with an ever rising healthcare expenditure (Muteeb et al., 2023). The race to overcome antibiotic resistance through continued antibiotic research is economically challenging given the nature and intensity of research and resources required for antibiotic development. Subsequently, various major pharmaceutical companies have pulled out of the race for antibiotic research and development, resulting in emerging gaps between antibiotic resistant strains emergence and the spectrum of antibiotics that are effective against these multi-drug resistant organisms (Muteeb et al., 2023). Therefore, to curb the spread of this crisis in infectious diseases treatment, it is crucial to practice effective antibiotic stewardship. Therefore, this paper will summarize crucial aspects in antibiotic stewardship within a case study discussion.

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    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is respiratory disease that is highly debilitating to the patients due to the progressive nature of the disease. The presence of thick mucus lining the respiratory tract provides a conducive environment for the development of bacteria resulting in numerous bouts of pneumonias that are difficult to treat. These infections require adequate antimicrobial use to avoid resistance. That said, it was wrong for Mr. M to receive multiple antibiotics for COPD in the last three months. The patient should have had their antibiotic selected based on the causative organism’s sensitivity pattern and other measures used to curb the adverse effects of the primary antibiotics such as the administration of probiotics to prevent diarrhea.

    Some of the factors that increased Mr. M’s risk for antibiotic resistance include the improper use of antibiotics. The patient did not complete either course of the two antibiotics prescribed. The choice of antibiotics was also no guided by infecting organism’s antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Therefore, the diagnostic tests that should have been done to help the practitioner identify the causative organism and guide proper antibiotic choice and use are sputum microscopy, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Blood cultures and sputum for geneXpert and rimfapicin sensitivity should also have been done in cases of severe infections and to rule out tuberculosis as the cause of the persistent and prolonged history of productive cough seen in the patient. Antibiotics sensitivity testing is the gold standard to identifying multi-drug resistant organisms and to guide proper choice of antibiotics to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance or suboptimal management of infectious diseases.

    The use of multiple antibiotics in the last few months predisposing Mr. M to opportunistic or antibiotics use-associated infections. The example is chronic diarrhea by organisms that would otherwise not infect an immunocompetent individual as a result of the antibiotic-induced clearance of normal flora from the gastrointestinal tract. The most common infecting organisms are fungi, more so the yeast forms lie
    Candida albicans
    and other bacteria like
    Clostridium difficile
    which causes antibiotic-induced pseudomembranous colitis (Jagirdhar & Surani, 2023). Pseudomembranous colitis is a severe infection of the colon caused by the bacteria
    Clostridium difficile
    after prolonged antibiotic use (Jagirdhar & Surani, 2023). The bacteria releases toxins that damage the colon epithelial lining and lead to the development of yellow-white membranous plaques lining the mucosal surface of the colon (Jagirdhar & Surani, 2023). The disease is associated with serious complications such as colonic perforation with peritonitis and septic shock and has high mortality rates more so in frail patients like Mr. M (Jagirdhar & Surani, 2023). Therefore, misuse or overuse of antibiotics like in the case study could lead to severe diseases causes by opportunistic infections. Mr. M is a 61-year-old male that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD

    Finally, patient education on antibiotic stewardship is associated with reduced antibiotic prescribing and higher levels of patient satisfaction (Havlicek & Muhsin, 2023). Patient education and the provision of printed patient information cards could help avoid misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, to enhance appropriate use of antibiotics, I would educate Mr. M to ensure that they take their medication as prescribed and always aim to complete the doses as prescribed. I would educate the patient that not all diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens and hence not all diseases should be treated with antibiotics. Lastly, I would encourage them to undergo proper testing to ascertain the causes of their disease and avoid purchasing antibiotics over-the-counter without proper prescriptions with rationales by a healthcare provider.

    References

    Havlicek, L. K., & Muhsin, A. (2023). Can antibiotic stewardship be achieved by utilizing the stewardship through educating patients (S.T.E.P.) process?
    Cureus
    ,
    15
    (10), e47992.
    https://doi.org/10.7759%2Fcureus.47992

    Jagirdhar, K. S. G., & Surani, S. (2023). Non-clostridium difficile induced pseudomembranous colitis.
    World Journal of Clinical Cases
    ,
    11
    (5), 979-988.
    https://doi.org/10.12998%2Fwjcc.v11.i5.979

    Muteeb, G., Rehman, T., Shahwan, M., Aatif, M. (2023). Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impact on drug development: A narrative review.
    Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
    ,
    16
    (11), 1615.
    https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fph16111615
      Mr. M is a 61-year-old male that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD

     

    Mr. M is a 61-year-old male
    that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD. Patient reports that he is feeling better, however continues to endorse productive cough with clear sputum. Patient reports that he has been taking Doxycycline 100mg twice a day for the past one month. He reports taking Augmentin about two months prior to starting Doxycycline and had to stop because he started having diarrhea which has persisted for the last three months. He confirms not completing the Doxycycline prescription due to the diarrhea and insomnia. He has also been taking Benadryl 50mg every night for sleep. He stated that the Benadryl has helped with sleep; however, it makes him drowsy in the morning and he has noticed that he is not able to empty his bladder fully when he goes to the bathroom. Mr. M is concerned about these medical issues as he presents to your outpatient clinic. His medical history includes Diabetes Mellitus type 2, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and COPD.

     

    After your readings on antibiotic stewardship, answer the following questions thoughtfully, using citations from the article and the CDC website

    Do you think Mr. M should have received multiple antibiotics for COPD in the last three months? What are some of the factors that make Mr. M at risk for antibiotic resistance from his history?

    What diagnostic tests do you believe should be done that would have helped the practitioner identify the organism causing the infection and guide the proper use of antibiotics?

    Discuss the other disease processes Mr. M is at risk for due to having multiple antibiotics in the last few months.

    As the nurse practitioner taking care of Mr. M, what patient education would you provide on the use of antibiotics?

    Mr. M is a 61-year-old male that presented to your outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with acute exacerbation of COPD

  • DNP Project IT Worksheet

    DNP Project IT Worksheet | 20% of Grade | 130 points

    Please include citations for all facts and data shared in your responses for each question. Proper spelling and grammar is expected and up to 5 points may be deducted from a response if it is not written at a scholarly, doctoral level. Please write in complete sentences and do not use bullets or phrases. Use of APA 7
    th
    edition for citations and references is required. There is no correct length to your response if the prompt is answered clearly and completely. Each response is worth ten points. A cover sheet is not required. Please save your worksheet with your last name first. Please type directly on this document.

    Clearly state your DNP Project Purpose.

    The purpose of this Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) project is to implement an educational presentation on adolescent depression and the use of a validated depression screening tool for primary care clinicians at a local pediatric clinic, aiming to affect adolescent depression screening rates during preventive care visits, early detection and initiation of treatment, and provider and staff knowledge.

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    Describe your DNP Project setting and participant group.

    The project will take place in a pediatric clinic, where primary care providers frequently encounter adolescents. The clinic provides accessible health care and a familiar environment for patients from birth until age 21. It offers a full range of pediatric care, including well–child check-ups, immunizations, and sick appointments. The team comprises pediatricians, nurse practitioners, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, medical assistants, front desk staff, dedicated phone staff, medical billing staff, and office managers. The clinic welcomes any insurance, handles about 15 patients per provider daily, and is open five days a week from 9 am -5 pm, closed during lunch time from 12 pm-1 pm, and open on the 2nd and 4th Saturday of every month from 9 am- 12 pm. The clinic team is committed to providing quality service in a comfortable, safe office setting where children and parents can feel at ease. The project participants will consist of clinic staff members at the local pediatric clinic, including physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, medical assistants, and administrative staff who are directly involved in patient care. The anticipated number of participants is approximately 15-20.

    What hardware requirements are needed for your DNP Project implementation and for what purpose?

    The hardware requirements to be used in the conduct of this DNP Project include a laptop or desktop computer with an internet connection for the project manager to safely store and analyze results. In addition, a projector and screen will be required for presenting the educational content to the clinic’s staff, to maintain the focus on the presentation and enhance a clear visualization (Kaur et al., 2022). Laptop computers or hand-held computing devices will be required to be used by the participants in filling in pre-and post-test questionnaires, and demographic data sheets electronically to avoid unnecessary paperwork. Any hard copies of documents will be kept secure with a recommendation to store them in locked cabinets. These hardware tools will facilitate effective and efficient communication delivery, collection, and processing of participants’ information in the course of the project.

    What software requirements are needed for your DNP Project implementation and for what purpose?

    In executing this DNP Project, various software requirements are needed for effective management and analysis. Computer software, including Microsoft Word, will be utilized for word processing and the creation of documents like educational information, consent forms, and questionnaires. Pre- and post-test results will have to be compared statistically, and software like SPSS or Microsoft Excel will facilitate their comparison, enabling a more accurate evaluation of the usefulness of the chosen intervention (Rahman & Muktadir, 2021). Computer presentation software such as Microsoft PowerPoint will be necessary to bring out and expound the lessons to be taught. In addition, secure email software will be required to contact participants and share information with them. Lastly, to ensure easy collection and administration of demographic questionnaires and knowledge assessments, a credible survey tool such as SurveyMonkey or Google Forms will be utilized. All these software tools will assist in the documentation of the project, data analysis, communication, and educational intervention.

    Will you be communicating electronically with your project team members, stakeholders, and or participants? If so, how will this be accomplished?

    Yes, electronic communication will be important, especially for communicating with the project team members, other stakeholders, and participants in the project. The communication will be achieved by using secure email services and video-conferencing tools such as Zoom or Microsoft Teams to conduct routine meetings and updates. An email will be a primary communication tool for sharing and disseminating pertinent documents, and information or coordinating appointments. For more professional interaction, video conferencing will enable actual time conversations, training, and feedback. A project management tool like Slack or Trello will also be used to assist in the communication and organization of tasks and to track the progress of the project. These methods will guarantee effective, on-time, and secure communication throughout the implementation of the project.

    What are the data security and/or HIPAA considerations needed for your project’s electronic communication and information gathering?

    It is essential to maintain data security and stick to the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of the United States concerning electronic communication and information collection in all stages of the project (Edemekong et al., 2024). All forms of communication done electronically, such as emails and video conferencing, must be through encrypted media to ensure that important information is protected. During the project, no protected health information will be accessed directly by the project manager. Any data that is captured will be kept in secure systems that are HIPAA compliant and only accessed by authorized personnel. Data access and usage will also be paralleled with audit trails and access logs so that misuse can be limited. The staff members involved in the project will also be offered training on the proper handling of data and personal information as well as the principles of HIPAA throughout the course of the project.

    Will any virtual, mobile, or remote technology solutions be needed for your DNP Project?

    Yes. Virtual, mobile, and remote technology solutions will be helpful and valuable in the attainment of my DNP Project. Online platforms like Zoom or Microsoft Teams will be used to hold regular meetings and coordinate the work of project team members as well as stakeholders and participants regardless of their location (Gause et al., 2022). Smartphones and tablets will be used to deliver the PHQ-9 screening tool to assess adolescent patients remotely and securely. Project-related information will be collected and analyzed by remote data collection and analysis tools to facilitate effective tracking of projects’ progress and results. These technology solutions will positively impact the levels of access, learner interactions, and effectiveness throughout the project.

    Are there any additional costs involved with your use of technology in your DNP Project? Please explain.

    There are additional costs associated with the use of technology in my DNP Project. These costs are mostly, associated with the expenses incurred towards software license and include expenses towards applications such as Zoom or Microsoft Teams which are imperative for virtual interactions. In addition, there may be costs incurred in purchasing or upgrading mobile devices and tablets for usage in the administration of the PHQ-9 screening to adolescent patients. Cloud storage and data security services will also have some costs required to guarantee that all collected data is secure and HIPAA compliant. Costs associated with remote data collection and analysis platforms that make it easy to monitor project activities may also be incurred. Adequate provisions for these technologies must be budgeted for since they are central to the implementation of the project and provide continuous support (Donovan et al., 2023).

    Do you have an IT professional on your DNP Project team? If so, describe their current job and role on your team.

    Yes, I do have an IT professional on my DNP Project team. The IT professional’s current position is a healthcare IT specialist, which involves overseeing clinical systems, primarily in the area of electronic health records. In the project team, their role will involve managing the technical side of implementing the PHQ-9 screening tool as well as its integration into the existing health record system (Jeffrey et al., 2021). They will also have to create, monitor, and implement secure lines of communication, data storage, and other technological methods by thoroughly abiding by the guidelines of the HIPAA.

    Considering all you have learned this semester, please describe how Information technology (IT) is currently used daily in your own professional practice.

    In my professional work environment, Information Technology (IT) helps in the daily functioning of the organization and improves the quality of care to the patients. Electronic Health Records (EHR) are applied to record patients’ data, enhance processes, and prevent barriers in interdisciplinary collaboration. IT tools aid in the implementation of evidence-based practice since they enhance faster access to information that has been synthesized in research findings and other clinical practice guidelines (Tsai et al., 2020). Telehealth systems also allow clients, consumers, or patients to seek consultations from healthcare professionals from the comfort of their homes, and offer better health services and treatment to patients. In addition, applications such as secure messaging and electronic prescribing systems enhance the flow of communication with the patient and other caregivers through swift and accurate exchange of information.

    Please describe how technology is used at your professional work site or in your project setting to improve
    system-level performance
    or
    system-level outcomes
    (both clinical and administrative responses permitted).

    In my professional work setting, technology is used to optimize system efficiencies as well as system results, both concerning healthcare delivery and organizational management. Technologically, enhanced EHR systems that are integrated into healthcare settings offer full and efficient management of patient records and histories as well as coordination of care through easy retrieval of details of clinical histories, laboratory results, and treatment plans, which translates to increased accuracy of diagnosis and overall quality of care. Through telemedicine platforms, we can reach out to patients who may be limited by distance and follow up with them (Haleem et al., 2021). From an administrative perspective, quantitative methods involve data analytics tools for tracking issues such as performance indicators and trends in the utilization of resources. Finally, financial management is enhanced by automating processes such as scheduling and billing, as it minimizes the occurrence of mistakes and paperwork.

    Is technology currently being used at your own work site or project site to improve health literacy for individuals, and or knowledge of evidence-based practice for the clinical staff? If so, please describe.

    Yes, technology is used at my work site to increase health literacy and evidence-based practice. According to Schooley et al. (2020), patient education systems with information in an Internet format can easily deliver multimedia materials in compliance with the health state of individual patients to enhance their knowledge of diagnosis and treatment. Web-based instruction has presented clinical staff with an opportunity to receive current training on new clinical practices and guidelines (Vaona et al., 2020). These resources are linked with the EHR system making it possible to access them during a patient’s care. Moreover, EHR-integrated decision support can assist clinicians in real-time with evidence-based content, facilitating the clinician to stay on the best practice track. These two strategies enhance patient knowledge and assist personnel in providing patients with optimum, evidence-based care.

    References

    Donovan, T., Abell, B., Fernando, M., McPhail, S. M., & Carter, H. E. (2023). Implementation costs of hospital-based computerized decision support systems: A systematic review.
    Implementation Science
    ,
    18
    (1).
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-023-01261-8

    Edemekong, P. F., Haydel, M. J., & Annamaraju, P. (2024).
    Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
    . Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500019/

    Gause, G., Mokgaola, I. O., & Rakhudu, M. A. (2022). Technology usage for teaching and learning in nursing education: An integrative review.
    Curationis
    ,
    45
    (1).
    https://doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v45i1.2261

    Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Singh, R. P., & Suman, R. (2021). Telemedicine for healthcare: Capabilities, features, barriers, and applications.
    Sensors International
    ,
    2
    (2). NCBI.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100117

    Jeffrey, J., Do, M.-C. T., Hajal, N., Lin, Y.-H., Linonis, R., Grossman, M. S., & Lester, P. E. (2021). Using web-based technology to improve depression screening in primary care settings.
    BMJ Open Quality
    ,
    10
    (1), e001028.
    https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001028

    Kaur, A., Bhatia, M., & Stea, G. (2022). A Survey of Smart Classroom Literature.
    Education Sciences
    ,
    12
    (2), 86.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12020086

    Rahman, A., & Muktadir, G. (2021). SPSS: An imperative quantitative data analysis tool for social science research.
    International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
    ,
    05
    (10), 300–302. Researchgate.
    https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.51012

    Schooley, B., Singh, A., Hikmet, N., Brookshire, R., & Patel, N. (2020). Integrated digital patient education at the bedside for patients with chronic conditions: Observational study.
    JMIR MHealth and UHealth
    ,
    8
    (12), e22947.
    https://doi.org/10.2196/22947

    Tsai, C. H., Eghdam, A., Davoody, N., Wright, G., Flowerday, S., & Koch, S. (2020). Effects of electronic health record implementation and barriers to adoption and use: A scoping review and qualitative analysis of the content.
    Life
    ,
    10
    (12), 1–27.

    Vaona, A., Banzi, R., Kwag, K. H., Rigon, G., Cereda, D., Pecoraro, V., Tramacere, I., & Moja, L. (2020). E-learning for health professionals.
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    ,
    1
    (1).
    https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd011736.pub2

  • American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment

    American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment

    Part 1: ANA Competencies and Standards Identification

    Review the American Nurses Association competencies found in the Nursing Informatics: Scope and Standards of Practice and reflect on the ANA functional areas detailed to determine which interests you the most.

    Review the TIGER competencies and reflect on which of these you could develop based on how they relate to the ANA functional areas.

    Review the QSEN competencies and reflect on which of these you could develop based on how they relate to the ANA functional areas.

    Review the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) from your module 2 assignment and reflect on how they relate to the ANA functional areas.

    The Assignment

    Part 1: ANA Competencies and Standards Identification

    Submit a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

    Identify the ANA functional areas you are interested in and explain why.

    Identify the TIGER competencies you might develop based on how they relate to the ANA functional areas you identified and explain why.

    Identify the QSEN competencies you might develop based on how they relate to the ANA functional areas you identified and explain why.

    Identify domains from the SDOH and explain how the QSEN, ANA functional areas, and TIGER competencies may be used to improve the domains you identified. American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment

     

    American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment

    Part 1: ANA Competencies and Standards Identification

    ANA Functional Areas I am Interested

    Upon keenly looking at the ANA functional area, the one that drew particular interest is “Quality Improvement and Safety.” This choice is justified by the fact that it helps improve patient outcomes and ensure a high standard of care (Fulton, 2024). Importantly, this closely aligns with my current role. This interest in this functional area stems from the potential to make a tangible impact on healthcare delivery through the implementation of evidence-based practices, medical errors reduction, and the promotion of a culture of safety. More importantly, quality improvement initiatives often involve close liaison with other healthcare professionals providing an opportunity to drive systemic changes.

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    TIGER Competencies

    On reflection, the TIGER competencies I might develop are information management and quality improvement. According to Kleib et al. (2021), information management competency is valuable as it involves the efficient use of health information systems to collect, analyze, and apply data to improve patient outcomes. This means that enhancing my skills in this area has the potential to effectively leverage data to identify areas needing improvement and implement evidence-based interventions. Djukic et al. (2023) added that the quality improvement competency is directly linked to my areas of interest as it focuses on utilizing informatics to enhance healthcare processes and outcomes. A notable advantage in developing this competency is that it will enable me to design, execute, and evaluate quality improvement projects essential for ensuring that safety protocols are adhered to and continuously refined.

    QSEN Competencies

    These competencies will be supported through the development of patient-centered care and safety. According to Djukic et al. (2023), patient-centered care competency recognizes the patient as the source of control and partnering with them is crucial to providing appropriate compassionate and coordinated care. Developing this competency is beneficial to me because it aligns with my goal of enhancing patient outcomes as it ensures quality improvement initiatives are tailored to meet individual patient needs. Achieving this is essential as it fosters better engagement and satisfaction. The second competency, safety, helps prevent harm to patients through system effectiveness and individual performance. Honing skills in this area will enable me to contribute to creating a safer healthcare environment through the identification of potential hazards and best practices, implementation  American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment.

    SDOH and how the QSEN, ANA Functional Areas, and TIGER In Improving Identified Domains

    The first SDOH is health and healthcare. Developing QSEN competencies in patient-centered care and safety would enable healthcare professionals address disparities in access and quality of care better. Fulton (2024) noted that the quality improvement and safety are essential in driving initiatives which promote healthcare delivery. TIGER competencies in information management and quality improvement are crucial in enabling the use of health informatics to track and address healthcare gaps.

    The second SDOH is neighborhood and built environment. According to Kleib et al. (2021), applying the QSEN Safety competency helps in the identification and mitigation of environmental health hazards in communities. Quality improvement initiatives are cited by Djukic et al. (2023) as crucial as in creating safer living environments through community health programs. Needless to say, leveraging TIGER competencies in information management allows for the collection and analysis of data on environmental risks, informing targeted interventions to improve community health.

     

    References

    Djukic, M., McVey, C., Manuel, W., Azebe-Osime, I., & Cron, S. (2023). New nurses’ quality and safety education: An analysis of the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses. 
    Journal of Professional Nursing
    , 
    48
    , 71-76.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2023.06.005

    Fulton, J. S. (2024). Standards, Competencies, and Clinical Nurse Specialist Role. 
    Clinical Nurse Specialist
    , 
    38
    (4), 157-158.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/NUR.0000000000000834

    Kleib, M., Chauvette, A., Furlong, K., Nagle, L., Slater, L., & McCloskey, R. (2021). Approaches for defining and assessing nursing informatics competencies: a scoping review. 
    JBI evidence synthesis
    , 
    19
    (4), 794-841.
    https://doi.org/10.11124/JBIES-20-00100
    American Nurses Association (ANA) Competencies and Standards identification assignment

  • Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project

    Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project 

    Business Case Analysis for a Health Improvement Project

    Falls for patients are a major concern within health facilities that affects both patient safety and the quality of healthcare. At Jefferson Methodist Hospital’s 39-bed medical-surgical monitored bed unit, there is a challenge, particularly in the number of fall rates. Specifically, the fall rates have been on the rise in the unit. Thus, this affects the quality of the healthcare facility and the whole facility’s reputation. The problem mandates a structured approach to developing and implementing a comprehensive Healthcare Improvement Project (HIP). The fall TIPS toolkit is proposed to address the issue and involves the application of project management toolkit principles to lower fall incidences through targeted measures and collaborations with stakeholders.

    Organizational Problem

    At Jefferson Methodist Hospital, the main problem that is addressed in this Healthcare Improvement Project (HIP) is increased rates of falls. Specifically, the issue is predominant in the 36-bed medical-surgical monitored bed unit. In recent times, the unit has experienced an increase in the rates of falls that leads to major risks to patient safety, affects the quality of care, and increases health costs due to fall-related problems and extended stays in hospitals. Accordingly, Jefferson Methodist Hospital is a well-established health facility that is known for the provision of high-quality care to patients. The medical-surgical unit is needed to manage different medical institutions, and this requires vigilant monitoring of patients and overall care. An increase in the rates of falls is identified as a pressing problem that undermines the safety of patients and the commitment of the hospital to excel in care.

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    Stakeholders

    The success of the Falls TIPS Toolkit is based on the agreement existing among stakeholders. The main stakeholders, in this case, are nurse leaders, informatics experts, and system users. Each of these categories has some form of influence, interest, and power on the implementation of the HIP. The role of nurse leaders is to use their direct involvement and channel it toward patient care through their influence and interest in reducing the number of falls. Informatics experts play a major role in contributing their technical knowledge to optimize the collection of data and analysis, while system users, including nursing staff, play a role in executing strategies to reduce falls within the unit. Such combined expertise and engagement are needed to implement the projects successfully Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project.

    Project Team

    For effective execution of the Falls TIPS Toolkit, understanding and delineating roles and responsibilities for the team is critical. Such a level of clarity helps to ensure that each member takes on their mandate as required and thus this leads to an understanding of the project’s objectives and aligns their efforts with the goals of the facility. The role of a project manager is planning and execution. They are responsible for ensuring that each of the different project aspects is in line with the goals of an organization and thus enhancing the safety of patients by preventing fall rates. The responsibilities of the project manager are to oversee the timeline and budget of the project by ensuring that activities are done within the stipulated time and that financial resources are available. They work in coordination with stakeholders and team members, thus creating a collaborative environment that supports the project’s success. Monitoring the progress of the project is a continued task that requires project managers to make different adjustments and remain on track. It entails regular review of the milestones and deliverables, evaluation of risks, and implementation of mitigation measures.

    A project manager is required to have strong leadership skills needed to guide and motivate the team. Thus, this ensures that all the members are focused and committed to achieving the project’s goals. Effective communication skills are integral as they ensure clear and consistent messaging for all the stakeholders. From the frontline staff to the senior management, this allows for the management of expectations and ensures that each person is informed on the project’s developments and any related changes. There is also a nurse leader who serves as an advocate for the safety of patients. They bring forth insights to the forefront of the project. Their role involves supporting the clinical implementation of measures of fall prevention and ensuring that they are practical and effective in actual healthcare situations. For this project, the nurse leader will support the clinical implementation of fall prevention measures to ensure that they remain practical and effective within the actual world setting. The nurse leader will have the responsibility of contributing to the development of comprehensive fall prevention protocols that are based on available evidence and tailored to the needs of the medical-surgical unit. Besides, the nurse leader will train the staff and ensure they are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to implement the prevention measures effectively. Such training helps to ensure that members are competent and confident in the application of the Falls TIPS Toolkit.

    Needs Assessment

    High fall rates

    Equipment

    Environment

    Inadequate safety equipment

    Unsafe physical conditions

    Processes

    Lack of standardized protocols

    Inconsistent use of evaluation tools

    Lack of awareness

    Insufficient staff

    People

     

    The diagram above shows the needs assessment diagram showing the cause and effect of the high fall rates at the facility. As seen from the image, elements categorized as people, processes, environment, and equipment lead to high fall rates. Under the people category, there is the problem of insufficient staff and lack of awareness. The lack of enough staff members at the facility may hinder the effective monitoring of patients recovering from surgery admitted in the medical-surgical unit. Also, lack of awareness is another element. The next cause is processes, which involve inconsistent use of evaluation tools and a lack of standardized protocols. The environment is another cause that manifests in the form of unsafe physical conditions and inadequate safety equipment that leads to high fall rates.

    SWOT Analysis

    Factors to Maximize 

    Factors to Mitigate 

    Strengths

    Weaknesses

    What does the organization have or do well that will help the implementation of the project?

     

    1.    
    Experienced clinical staff

    2.    
    Strong commitment to the safety of patients

     

    What does the organization lack or do poorly that may hinder the implementation of the project?

     

    1.     Inconsistent training of staff members

    2.     Limited Resources

    Opportunities

    Threats

    What external factors may help facilitate the implementation of your project?

     

    1.    
    Advanced fall prevention technologies

    2.    
    Partnering with fall prevention initiatives.

     

    What external factors may hinder the implementation of your project?

     

     

    1.     Increased liability and insurance

    2.     Lowered satisfaction of patients

     

    Upon evaluating the situation at Jefferson Methodist Hospital, the above table comprising of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats can be created. The main strength identified at the facility is the fact that there are experienced clinical staff whose expertise can be leveraged for the betterment of the facility. Another identifiable strength is a commitment to the safety of patients, where there is capitalization on the existing culture of safety within the organization. There are weaknesses, such as inconsistent staff training and limited resources, that can be mitigated by having a structured training schedule and securing additional funding that supports fall prevention measures. The main opportunities that the facility has for improvement include implementing advanced fall prevention technologies and forming partnerships with fall prevention initiatives. Lastly, there are threats of liability and insurance costs and lowered satisfaction of patients, which can be mitigated through strong risk management strategies and enhancement of patient communication to build both trust and rapport.

    Impact Analysis

    Benefits

    Category

    Benefit

    Rating

    Patient Safety

    Reduction in fall rates

    3

     

    Improved patient outcomes

    3

    Staff Efficiency

    Enhanced staff training and competence

    2

     

    Streamlined fall prevention protocols

    2

    Total Benefits Score

     

    10

    Risks

    Category

    Risk

    Rating

    Patient Safety

    Resistance to new protocols by staff

    2

     

    The potential initial increase in workload

    2

    Staff Efficiency

    Need for additional resources for training

    1

     

    Possible disruption during the implementation phase

    2

    Total Risks Score

     

    7

    Impact Ratio

    Impact Ratio = Total Benefits Score / Total Risks Score = 10 / 7 ≈ 1.43

    The analysis of the Falls TIPS Toolkit shows that there are numerous positive effects on patient’s health and relatively low potential harms of the intervention in the healthcare setting. The total benefits score of 10, derived particularly from the changes in the number of falls and the patient outcome, also points to the many benefits of increased patient safety. Further, training human resources and standardizing production flow will enhance the efficiency of the employees, thus enhancing the effectiveness of the project, and this can be useful to support the argument of the initiative. Risk factors: Some of these are: On the volatile side, staff may resist change or new policies. On the upside side, it will take time to train staff, and more time may be needed than on the advantage side. These risks are not very high and are believed to be easy to contain, with a total score of seven only. The balance was achieved satisfactorily since the impact ratio was approximately 1. 43, which shows that the rewards are much higher than the risks. This positive ratio is an indication that the proposed project can enhance patient safety and increase staff productivity since improvement in these areas is always a worthy cause to do whatever it takes to make it work, no matter the challenges involved.

    Justification and Project Purpose

    The goal of the Healthcare Improvement Project (HIP) is to decrease the percentage of falls at Jefferson Methodist Hospital through the use of the Falls TIPS Toolkit. It is a multidimensional plan that embodies interventions for patients, education/training for personnel, and measures to boost surveillance in order to tackle the problem. This need mainly involved the formulation of the needs assessment that will involve elements like staffing shortcomings and environmental risks that call for great attention to the areas of need for improvement. SWOT analysis also showed that one of the strong points of the hospital was that they had already implemented some patient safety programs and they had identified that with the help of technologies available today, they could improve the means through which falls could be prevented. The positive impact analysis also supported the hypothesis that constructing the building would yield more benefits compared to risks, as evidenced by an impact ratio of 1. 43. The following discussion vindicates the HIP, explaining how it could revolutionize healthcare and make the treatment of patients less risky to the workforce while boosting effectiveness among the Medicare workforce. This paper wishes to achieve the goal of the Falls TIPS Toolkit to address the identified problems that we found and develop a safer environment with better patient outcomes in the Medical-Surgical unit.

    Review of Scholarly Sources and Best Practices

    There is a specific need to develop sound strategies for preventing falls among hospital patients, and it is recommended that leading practices guide this effort. Current studies reveal more focus on the systematic approach in the development of proper fall prevention programs for implementation to reduce fall incidences significantly (Albertini, 2024). A universally adopted best practice involves the implementation of preventative measures like using patient-centered approaches for instances where patients are given and designed, as well as fall risk factor checklists that consider the patient exclusively. These care plans are normally integrated and may consist of specific measures such as dietary and training regimes, an appraisal of certain drugs, or changes in the client’s surroundings to avoid risks.

    According to the literature review, another best practice is that healthcare staff education and training are valued (Heng et al., 2020). They found that targeted teaching about factors contributing to falls and how to measure these, practical methods of avoiding them, and the manner in which tools to prevent falls should be utilized greatly enhances their abilities to do so successfully. Some of them include role-play, structured training, training and development by experience throughout the employment of the staff in correspondence to the modern practices obtained from the constantly changing research evidence (Turner et al., 2022). Moreover, there must be a safety culture that encourages the staff to have the ability to observe a fall risk and do something about it. It is essential for these enhancements to work.

    Controlling and technology utilization are the other critical factors that have also been found to aid in fall prevention. Most effective strategies include using bed alarms, wearable sensors and electronic health record alerts for increased assessment and timely management of high-risk patients (Dykes et al., 2020). These technologies can then be integrated into current business practices as improvements to existing systems and ensure that employees are trained well to manage these improvements effectively.

    According to the literature, interdisciplinary collaboration should also be applied as a strategy within the frameworks of fall prevention programs (Schoberer et al., 2022). Working with a team of experienced multi-disciplinary staff of nurses, physicians, physical therapists, and occupational therapists will allow for the comprehensive handling of patients. As a multi-disciplinary team, each team member affords specialized skills that are utilized in designing and planning holistic fall prevention standpoints.

    Project Environment

    The context for the Falls TIPS Toolkit is set within the framework of the National Patient Safety Goals of The Joint Commission, whose emphasis is on the necessity of properly addressing the issue of fall prevention in the context of healthcare facilities. The importance of this policy is that it offers guidance with key measures and pillars to ensure that proper fall prevention protocols are set and sustained. This way, the project follows the guidelines provided by the national safety standards, and the effectiveness of the Interventions is supported by evidence and standardization of processes across the organization. The policy influences the execution of the HIP by directing certain courses of action like performing fall risk answers to dangers and risks of falling, educating staff on measures that can be taken to prevent falls, and proactively identifying with and appraising the outcomes of a fall prevention system. This type of approach allows for a systematic and comprehensive format across multi-fold care settings to be followed and practiced, thus protecting patient safety from further fall occurrences.

    SMART Goal

    Specific:
    Decrease the rate of falls for the medical-surgical patient by a 0.25 ratio over the next six months.

    Measurable:
    To measure the effectiveness of these implementations, it is suggested that the nursing home monitor the fall rates monthly.

    Achievable:
    Encourage all wards to use the Falls TIPS Toolkit and periodically provide updates on staff employing the interventions.

    Relevant:
    This goal correlates with the hospital’s initiatives related to patient safety, and offering care that is of high quality also improves patient satisfiability.

    Time-bound:
    It is important to realize the target reduction in fall rates in the next six months. Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project

    Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

    Number of falls per month:
    This KPI will be used to track the monthly rate of falls, and since it will be frequently calculated, it will help in constant assessment of the program and make necessary modifications frequently.

    Percentage of staff trained in fall prevention:
    This KPI measures the staff incumbency as trained in the aspects of fall prevention training so the team is well-armed to ensure implementation and sustainability of all the contained project measures.

    Project Management Lifecycle

    The project management lifecycle for the Falls TIPS Toolkit involves four phases. The four stages of project management are initiation, planning, implementation, and assessment. In the initiation process, some of the important activities are the definition of the project goal and objectives and the acquisition of project support or commitment. During the planning phase, a formative evaluation of the toolkit and training is created. The implementation stage involves actually disseminating the toolkit to the targeted communities as well as tracking how they are using it while on evaluation. It is about evaluating the project and the effects it has had, then adjusting where necessary. To facilitate the above plan, a Gantt Chart will be used to plan the phases and monitor the amount of progress made for the timely completion of the project.

    Conclusion

    The Falls TIPS Toolkit, therefore, can be described as a strategic response to the higher fall rates at the Jefferson Methodist Hospital. Being a project that focuses on patient safety and preventing fall incidents, this should incorporate the use of project management principles and enlist the support of various stakeholders. A detailed and strategic needs assessment, SWOT analysis, and impact analysis put the project in a promising place for it to realize its goals and bring important value to patient experiences and the healthcare facility in general. Overall, the effective achievement of this project will be an indication of commitment and push for quality care and safety for the patients Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project.

    References

    Albertini, A. C. (2024). Prevention and management of falls in adults: A best practice implementation project. 
    AJN, American Journal of Nursing
    , 
    124
    (4), 46-47. 
    https://doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0001010584.12599.84

    Dykes, P. C., Burns, Z., Adelman, J., Benneyan, J., Bogaisky, M., Carter, E., Ergai, A., Lindros, M. E., Lipsitz, S. R., Scanlan, M., Shaykevich, S., & Bates, D. W. (2020). Evaluation of a patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce falls and injuries. 
    JAMA Network Open
    , 
    3
    (11), e2025889. 
    https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25889

    Heng, H., Jazayeri, D., Shaw, L., Kiegaldie, D., Hill, A., & Morris, M. E. (2020). Hospital falls prevention with patient education: A scoping review. 
    BMC Geriatrics
    , 
    20
    (1). 
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01515-w

    Schoberer, D., Breimaier, H. E., Zuschnegg, J., Findling, T., Schaffer, S., & Archan, T. (2022). Fall prevention in hospitals and nursing homes: Clinical practice guideline. 
    Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing
    , 
    19
    (2), 86-93. 
    https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12571

    Turner, K., Staggs, V. S., Potter, C., Cramer, E., Shorr, R. I., & Mion, L. C. (2020). Fall prevention practices and implementation strategies: Examining consistency across hospital units. 
    Journal of Patient Safety
    , 
    18
    (1), e236-e242. 
    https://doi.org/10.1097/pts.0000000000000758

     

    Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project

    Develop a business case for a healthcare improvement project (HIP). Collaborate with stakeholders to initiate a HIP that is grounded in project management principles.  Competency will be demonstrated by the successful completion of a performance assessment and the required clinical practice experience deliverables. Identify individual stakeholders and project team members from your current or former organization (e.g., nurse leaders, informatics experts, system users) who may be willing to participate in a collaborative needs assessment, impact analysis, and SWOT analysis. Consult with these individuals or SME to gain an enhanced understanding of their roles and responsibilities in initiating, planning, implementing, and evaluating a healthcare improvement project. Evidence (Uploaded to Your E-Portfolio):

    A CPE schedule table outlining the tasks and timeline for completing this CPE

    A table of the titles of the stakeholders or project team members you consulted

    A completed “Needs Assessment Template”

    A completed “Impact Analysis Template”

    A completed “SWOT Analysis Template”

    Three screenshots to document your GoReact video reflection, including an image of your reflection video responses and an image for each of your two peer responses

    Organizational Problem

     Describe the problem that you plan to address with your healthcare improvement project (HIP). {Fall rates have increased in Jefferson Methodist Hospital’s 39-bed Medical-Surgical monitored bed unit.}

    Describe the background of your organization that is causing the problem.

    Jefferson Methodist Hospital

    Stakeholders

    Describe the influence, interest, and power within your stakeholder group related to implementing your HIP.

    Note: Do not include the actual names of people.

     

    Project Team

    Describe two of your roles and two of your responsibilities as the project manager of your HIP.

    Describe two skills you possess as the project manager that demonstrate leadership related to your HIP.

    Describe two roles and two responsibilities of one additional project team member who will support a solution to the problem described in part A.

    Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project

     

    Needs Assessment

    Describe the “Needs Assessment Template” that you completed during your CPE by doing the following:

    Identify which tool you used from the following list:

    five whys

    cause and effect diagram (fishbone)

    failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA)

    affinity analysis

    Describe how the stakeholders and/or project team members discussed and identified themes related to the problem from part A.

    Describe two findings related to the problem from part A that were identified by the stakeholders and/or project team members during the development of your needs assessment.

     

    SWOT Analysis

    Based on the “SWOT Analysis Template” that you completed during your CPE, complete the following:

    Identify two weaknesses and two threats.

    Describe how you plan to mitigate each of the weaknesses and threats.

    Identify two strengths and two opportunities.

    Describe how you plan to maximize each of the strengths and opportunities.

    Impact Analysis

    Provide your total benefit score and total risk score from the “Impact Analysis Template” that you completed during your CPE. Then identify the impact ratio.

    Describe the benefits and risks to the organization based on the impact ratio.

     

    Justification and Project Purpose

    Explain the purpose of your HIP.

    Describe how your HIP addresses the problem you identified in part A.

    Summarize your findings from the needs assessment, SWOT analysis, and impact analysis to justify your HIP.

     

    Review of Relevant Scholarly Sources to Support the Solution to the Identified Problem (Best Practices from the Literature)

    Synthesize five relevant scholarly sources in a narrative format, published within the last five years, that can be used to support solutions to the identified problem.

    Note: Citations and references are required for each source used.

    Discuss two best practices identified in your review of the literature that support your planned solution to the problem.

    Project Environment

    Describe one policy, procedure, or guideline and how it impacts the implementation of your project.

    Note: You may use policies, procedures, or guidelines from appropriate organizations

    such as IHI, AAP, CDC, CMS, The Joint Commission, AHRQ, a local organization, etc.

     

    SMART Goal

    Complete the “SMART Goal Worksheet” section (Appendix A of the attached “HIP Paper Template”) by doing the following:

    Complete each of the SMART questions on the “SMART Goal Worksheet.”

    Identify one SMART project goal for the project on the “SMART Goal Worksheet.”

     Identify two process KPIs that you will use to determine progress toward your goal.

     

    Describe how you gathered stakeholder and/or project team member perspectives and synthesized those into your SMART goal.

     

    Project Management Life Cycle

    Explain the four phases of the project management lifecycle in terms of your HIP by doing the following:

     Describe the four project management lifecycle phases that will guide your project.

    Create a Gantt Chart (use the attached “Gantt Chart template”) and submit a clearly visible screenshot of it as Appendix B of the attached “HIP Paper Template”, including each of the following components:

     

    o   your CLPS clearance date

     

    o   your D156 course start date

     

    o   your project start date

     

    o   your project end date

     

    o   your planned graduation date

     

    o   each of the four project lifecycle phases (initiation, planning, implementation, and evaluation)

     

    o   at least two tasks or deliverables that have been completed in the initiation phase

     

    o   at least one task or deliverable that will be completed in each of the remaining phases (planning, implementation, and evaluation)

     

    o   the start and end dates associated with each of the tasks or deliverables

     

    o   a bar chart for each of the tasks or deliverables representing the duration of each task

     

    o   the stakeholder initials to whom each task or deliverable is assigned

     

    o   aligned Gantt chart initiation start date with your SMART goal worksheet project start date

     

    o   aligned Gantt chart evaluation or closure end date with your SMART goal end date

     

    M.  Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.

     

     Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.

     

    YouTube Video: 4 Stages of Project Life Cycle | Phases of Project Management Life Cycle| Knowledgehut

    COMPETENT

    Each required deliverable is complete and included in the candidate’s e-portfolio. Business Case Analysis for Healthcare Improvement E-Portfolio & Healthcare Improvement Project

  • Database Integrity Plan Essay Assignment – How to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity

    Database Integrity Plan Essay Assignment – How to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity

    Review this scenario:

    A patient named A. Watsoncox arrives alone in the emergency department with altered mental status and trauma due to a motor vehicle accident (MVA). She is registered in the emergency medical record (EMR) from a previous visit. A new encounter and record is started for A. Watsoncox.

    According to the EMR, she has no allergies and is taking no medications daily.

    Before being taken to surgery, she is given Rocephin, 1 gram. She has difficulty breathing and a severe rash after the medication infuses.

    It is discovered after the patient is stabilized that an error was made during her last registration. Her name is A. Watson-Cox. There are two records for her in the EMR database.

    Develop a plan to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity based on the scenario.

    Your plan should contain an introduction that clearly identifies and explains data integrity and security issues relevant to the electronic medical records (EMR) in the scenario.

    State your proposed plan, which should contain three strategies to ensure data integrity.

    Explain your rationale for each strategy in the plan.

    Include a brief summary that highlights how your plan can improve data handling and integrity.

    Be specific and provide examples. Support your plan with your peer reviewed research from the Walden Library.

     

    Database Integrity Plan Essay Assignment – How to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity

    Database Integrity

    In the dynamic healthcare environment, situations contribute to pressure, requiring quick decisions, especially in emergency service delivery. During these situations, the healthcare team must promote accurate identification and provide safe, effective care that best addresses patients’ individualized needs and preferences. Nurses and other multi-disciplinary team members must initiate strategic measures and approaches to ensure the patient’s underlying needs are adequately and effectively addressed (Li et al., 2022). The case of A. Watson-Cox represents a typical healthcare gap and a potentially life-threatening issue that may arise from inaccurate identification of patients. Therefore, understanding these issues and needs provides opportunities for initiating preventive measures and enhanced healthcare decision-making.

    BUY PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

    The Proposed Measures for Ensuring Data Integrity

    Enhanced Patient Identification Protocols

    Measures for enhancing correct and accurate patient identification require using various patient identifiers such as the full name, date of birth, and patient identification number in sequence. Other physical identification methods, such as fingerprints or facial recognition, are used to minimize identification errors. These should be implemented at every contact point from registration through treatment and back again to verify that the patient record is current and accurate. By integrating conventional record verification methods with technology, healthcare facilities can significantly reduce instances of multiple record entries and related medical mishaps (Lewis et al., 2023). Healthcare professionals must apply safe and efficient strategies to enhance desired outcomes and implement coordinated care approaches.

    Comprehensive EMR Integration and Management

    Implement and monitor standards for checking and consolidating duplicate records within the EMR database. Adopt more sophisticated software instruments to identify and correct patient data disparities without human intervention. Appoint a senior team managing EMR data and ensure all records are standardized and comprehensive. This team should always check new entries against the older data and resolve any issues immediately (Kalankesh & Monaghesh, 2024).  An influential and well-connected EMR system guarantees that healthcare providers have comprehensive and correct patient details, essential when making decisions and reducing adverse health outcomes.

    Continuous Staff Training and Education

    Educate healthcare staff on the relevance of data entry and using EMR systems with a specific frequency. Organize training sessions and role-play scenarios to promote the use of appropriate measures to identify patients and manage their records. Include the training on the new methods and technologies used in patient identification and electronic medical recordkeeping. Promote accountability and efficacy of work, where the staff members understand the potential consequences of their actions on patient safety (Ali et al., 2023). Such education guarantees that all the workers are aware of the principles of data accuracy and the quality of the services they deliver to patients. Database Integrity Plan Essay Assignment – How to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity.

    Summary of Improved Data Handling and Integrity Plan

    Reducing identification errors requires the adoption of better patient identification procedures, like multiple-factor identification and the use of biometric identification. For instance, facial recognition technology helps to avoid the creation of multiple records for one patient. This accuracy at registration translates into more reliable patient data throughout their care journey, thus allowing healthcare providers to avoid potentially fatal errors. EMR integration and management are critical for ensuring patients’ records are complete and current. Using the best software tools to identify and merge duplicate record entries, healthcare facilities can be assured of a single file that contains all the data on a particular patient. For example, automated cross-referencing systems can quickly identify the differences and alert the dedicated data integrity team to resolve issues without delay (Kalankesh & Monaghesh, 2024). This approach reduces the chances of missing critical information in the patient’s medical records and improves patient safety.

    Other activities such as staff training and education also increase awareness of the importance of accuracy in dealing with data. To ensure that the healthcare staff is re-trained on the best practices of data entry and patient identification, the staff is taken through workshops and simulations. For instance, training on the new EMR functionalities ensures that the staff engages with new tools and technologies (Kalankesh & Monaghesh, 2024). Such learning ensures that staff conforms to the best practices in dealing with data making the healthcare system safer for patients.

    Data quality is a critical element of the effective functioning of an EMR, which consists of better handling of the EMR, identification of the patient, and staff training. These strategies operate concurrently to ensure patient information is current, comprehensive, and easily retrievable. For instance, embedding biometric identification into normal EMR data authentication can minimize mistakes while at the same time improving the quality of patient care. Furthermore, staff training should be a continuous process to keep all the staff informed about the latest tools and techniques and make the information given to the patients more reliable. It further promotes data management and provides trust in health care services and patients.

    Conclusion

    Accurate patient is one of the essential key components of a successful healthcare delivery system, particularly when implementing care measures. Some scientifically evidenced best practice strategies that can be employed to facilitate improved data integrity in a healthcare organization include patient identification, implementing the EMR system, and educating the staff. These measures are correlated with the fundamental challenges of wrong identification and the fragmentation of patient records, as captured by the Watson-Cox case. By adopting the new technologies, patients’ thorough validation and accuracy measures can help healthcare providers reduce the rate of errors, protect patients, and enhance the quality of the services being offered. This principle comprehensively and accurately provides patient information in the current healthcare delivery systems.

    References

    Ali, S., Khan, H. M., Shah, J., & Ahmed, K. (2023). An electronic health record system implementation in a resource-limited country: Lessons learned.
    Digital Health
    ,
    9
    (9).
    https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231203660

    Kalankesh, L. R., & Monaghesh, E. (2024). Utilization of EHRs for clinical trials: A systematic review.
    BMC Medical Research Methodology
    ,
    24
    (1).
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-024-02177-7

    Lewis, A. L., Weiskopf, N. G., Abrams, Z. B., Foraker, R. E., Lai, A. M., Philip, & Gupta, A. (2023). Electronic health record data quality assessment and tools: A systematic review.
    Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
    ,
    30
    (10), 1730–1740.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad120

    Li, E., Clarke, J., Ashrafian, H., Darzi, A., & Neves, A. L. (2022). The impact of electronic health record interoperability on safety and quality of care in high-income countries: Systematic review.
    Journal of Medical Internet Research
    ,
    24
    (9).
    https://doi.org/10.2196/38144

    Saba, V. K., & Mccormick, K. A. (2021).
    Essentials of nursing informatics
    . Mcgraw Hill. Database Integrity Plan Essay Assignment – How to prevent emergency medical record (EMR) errors related to data quality and integrity

  • Patient B is a Pacific Islander woman, 64 years of age, presenting to the primary care physician with complaints of a urinary tract infection (UTI) and fatigue

    Complete the Case Study below:

    Case Study:

    Patient B is a Pacific Islander woman, 64 years of age, presenting to the primary care physician with complaints of a urinary tract infection (UTI) and fatigue. She attributes the fatigue to waking frequently at night due to the UTI. The patient denies any recent history of febrile states or pain with urination. She is 5 feet 1 inch tall and weighs 170 pounds, with a calculated BMI of 32.2 kg/m2.She is also concerned about recent weight gain w/o much change in her eating habits. A random finger stick reveals a blood glucose level of 207 mg/dL. Vitals Signs: BP 150/99, HR; 87, RR, 18, Oxygen Saturation: 99%, Pain: 0

    What are your initial differentials?

    What additional HPI and ROS findings are your seeking or ruling in or ruling out?

    What are common symptoms (what the patient says) (per system) for the differentials you are considering?

    Patient B’s urine sample is below:

    Blood: negative

    Protein: <150 mg /d Nitrates: Positive Leukocyte esterase: Positive Glucose >200 mg/d

    Ketones: positive

    Color: amber and cloudy

    To gain additional information, Patient B is referred for fasting blood work. The results of this blood work indicate:

    HbA1c: 10.8%

    Fasting blood glucose: 200 mg/dL

    Triglycerides: 500 mg/dL

    LDL: Unable to calculate due to elevated triglycerides

    HDL: 32 mg/dL

    TSH: 20.09

    Hep C antibody: negative

    HIV test: negative

    3. What is your actual diagnosis(es) (Most pertinent)?

    4. What assessment data/signs are common with this type of patient/diagnosis

    5. What guideline will you use to assist in your planning?

    6. What is your initial treatment plan for each diagnosis (pharmacologic, nonpharmacologic, etc)?

    7. What is your initial education for each diagnosis?

    8. When do you recommend follow up? What is your plan upon follow up? (if improvement/ If no improvement)

     

    Integrated Management of T2DM, Hypothyroidism, and UTI

     
    Patient B is a 64-year-old Pacific Islander woman who has come in with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) and fatigue due to nighttime frequent urination. Her height is 5 feet 1 inch., 170 pounds is her weight (BMI of 32. 2 kg/m²) and has put on weight in the last month for no specific reason. An example of finger stick blood glucose testing is as follows: The patient’s blood glucose level is 207 mg/dL. Her blood pressure is raised at 150/99 mmHg, while her pulse and respiratory rates are within the normal range. No recent febrile states or pain with urination, which points to the fact that the conditions may be chronic.

    The first, second, and third differentials are T2DM, UTI, hypothyroidism, and metabolic syndrome. Additional history and review of systems should inquire about polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, vision change, recurrent infections, presence of thyroid dysfunction symptoms such as dry skin, hair loss, and cold intolerance, and whether there is any family history of metabolic disorders.

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    Urine analysis shows UTI presence with positive nitrate and leukocyte esterase and highly increased glucose level (>200 mg/dL) that may be due to diabetes mellitus. The fasting blood work includes HbA1c, which is 10. 8%, fasting glucose at 200 mg/dL triglycerides at 500 mg/dL HDL at 32 mg/dL and TSH at 20. 09, which shows that the patient has uncontrolled diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypothyroidism.

    Patient B has T2DM, hypothyroidism, and UTI as the diagnoses. T2DM is diagnosed by an increased HbA1c and fasting blood sugar, which demonstrates the body’s constant high blood sugar levels. The TSH is high, which implies hypothyroidism, and the urine findings are positive for a UTI. These conditions are frequently comorbid and interdependent, which makes their treatment multimodal.

    ADA guidelines for treating T2DM involve using metformin as the initial pharmacologic therapy and possibly insulin or another antidiabetic agent, depending on glycemic control. Other changes include diet, which entails a low carbohydrate, high fiber diet, exercise, physical activity, and weight loss. In hypothyroidism, according to ATA, the initial treatment is levothyroxine and dose modification should be based on TSH levels. According to IDSA recommendations, UTI management includes using antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or nitrofurantoin, drinking fluids, and cleanliness (Foster, 2022).

    Patient education is critical. For T2DM, Patient B should understand the necessity of self-GLM, signs of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, changes in diet, and exercise (Szmuda et al., 2020). For hypothyroidism, education must include the nature of the disease, how to take the medications and the signs that will indicate over or under-treatment. To ensure that the UTI does not recur, UTI education should focus on the need to complete the antibiotic course, take enough water, and practice hygiene.

    After three months, a follow-up should be made to check HbA1c, fasting glucose, and lipid profile. If such changes are observed, maintain the existing therapy and remind the patient about the necessary lifestyle modifications. If there is no improvement, one should consider increasing the dose of the medications or using new ones (Adam et al., 2020). For hypothyroidism, TSH should be rechecked in 6-8 weeks, and the dose of levothyroxine should be adjusted accordingly and yearly after that when on a stable dose. For UTI, review in 1-2 weeks if the patient’s symptoms have not resolved or have recurred, and revise the treatment plan as appropriate.

    Patient B’s case illustrates the challenges of multi-morbidity in chronic diseases. Treatment should follow clinical guidelines, patient and family education, and follow-up can significantly enhance the patient’s quality of life. Combining pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments with lifestyle changes will address her health problems, improving her T2DM, hypothyroidism, and UTI (Samson et al., 2023).

     

    References

    Adam, G., Rampášek, L., Safikhani, Z., Smirnov, P., Haibe-Kains, B., & Goldenberg, A. (2020). Machine learning approaches to drug response prediction: challenges and recent progress. 
    NPJ precision oncology
    , 
    4
    (1), 19.
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41698-020-0122-1

    Foster, K. Y. (2022). 
    Treatment of inpatient urinary tract infections and patterns of the pathogens that cause urinary tract infections
     (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Iowa).
    https://search.proquest.com/openview/c8d82712466132be1c5d19fef0c78584/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y

    Samson, S. L., Vellanki, P., Blonde, L., Christofides, E. A., Galindo, R. J., Hirsch, I. B., … & Valencia, W. M. (2023). American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Consensus Statement: comprehensive type 2 diabetes management algorithm–2023 update. 
    Endocrine Practice
    , 
    29
    (5), 305-340.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1530891X23000344

    Szmuda, T., Özdemir, C., Ali, S., Singh, A., Syed, M. T., & Słoniewski, P. (2020). Readability of online patient education material for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a cross-sectional health literacy study. 
    Public health
    , 
    185
    , 21-25.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350620302031

    Patient B is a Pacific Islander woman, 64 years of age, presenting to the primary care physician with complaints of a urinary tract infection (UTI) and fatigue

  • Assignment 4.1: Case Study: Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman

    Assignment 4.1: Case Study: Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman

    Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman (pronouns she, her, hers) admitted to your psychiatric inpatient unit with worsening social withdrawal, apathy, and poor independent functioning over the past year.

    Two years ago, she had a brief admission when she displayed aggression and persecutory delusions, believing that male and female police officers were frequently having sex with her and that she was being recorded through cameras. She was not treated with psychotropic medications at the time. From the records, her symptoms appear to have improved spontaneously, and she was discharged. She was lost to follow-up thereafter.

    Kootu is from Zimbabwe and was granted asylum status in the United States approximately 10 years ago. She was employed with good social functioning for about eight years. Following her first admission, she lost her job and then her apartment due to not paying rent.

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    For the past six months, she has been living at a homeless shelter and has become increasingly reliant on staff for her basic needs. Her self-care is poor, and apathy is felt to be the prominent feature. She has very limited funds and has not claimed federal or state benefits. Her interaction is very limited. Shelter staff have not witnessed any behavior indicative of positive psychotic symptoms and there were no incidences of aggression or violence Assignment 4.1: Case Study: Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman .

    On this second admission, Kootu was noted to have poor self-care, weight loss, and poor motivation. There were no objective symptoms of clinical depression, and she denied ongoing low mood. She did not engage with staff and refused physical examination, blood tests, and oral medication. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scoring was completed, yielding 18, 36, and 64 on the positive scale, the negative scale, and the general psychopathology scale, respectively. Prior, she had had two doses of aripiprazole short-acting intramuscular injections without any adverse effects.

    Questions

    From your perspective as Kootu’s psychiatric nurse practitioner, answer the following questions in a two- to three-page double-spaced paper (not including the reference page) in APA format. Include at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based references. Assignment 4.1: Case Study: Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman .

    What diagnosis would you consider for Kootu?

    You decide to start a long-acting injection. What are the pros and cons of starting a long-acting injection? What barriers are you going to run into with her being homeless?

    Pick an appropriate long-acting injection and explain the mechanism of action, starting dose, patient education, baseline labs that need to be done, and possible food/drug interactions that you must be aware of while you have her on this injection.

    What additional challenges will you face with Kootu due to her being homeless and without an income or financial support? Call a local lab and ask about what it costs for the blood tests you want her to have. Call a local pharmacy and ask how much the medication would be out of pocket.

    What community resources are available in your area that would be helpful for her? Include links if available online Assignment 4.1: Case Study: Kootu Bulambo is a 34-year-old African woman .

  • C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education

    Emerging Trends in Nursing Education – C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education

    Executive Summary

    Nursing education has experienced a paradigm shift in the 21
    st
    century due to the need to incorporate and implement technology to revolutionize higher education delivery to improve learning outcomes and experience while ensuring learners succeed. Therefore, the proposed new curricular technology for the Community Health course is the Lippincott Solutions platform. Its proposal will impact learner success, enhance education institutions’ reputation, and improve the overall nursing education infrastructure of the institution. Compared to other curriculum technologies like Zoom for Education, Lippincott Solutions enables learners to interact with an evidence-based curriculum, enabling educators to standardize the curriculum design. However, some of the challenges associated with the proposed technology are that users with limited resources may need help accessing the platform, thus disadvantaging them from benefiting from the Lippincott advantages. Also, the stakeholders, including the learning institution’s administration, learners, educators, and the IT specialist alignment, were obtained regarding implementing the Lippincott Solutions platform. The reason is that Lippincott is interested in offering learners possible success by streamlining, standardizing, and integrating an evidence-based teaching modality that will help learners gain superior skills, critical thinking development, and a higher cognitive functioning order crucial during theory translation into practice. As a result, the Lippincott Solutions implementation will uphold Lewin’s change theory format that incorporates the unfreeze, change, and refreezing stages. The reason for involving change theory is to ensure that the implementation process flows chronologically to meet the projected goals and objectives. Also, implementing Lippincott Solutions, besides enhancing learning outcomes and experiences, will prepare nursing learners for the transition since most healthcare organizations have adapted technology to improve patient care.

    Literature Review

    Research Findings and Support of Proposal

    Nursing education is currently experiencing a 21st-century paradigm shift, where classroom settings are adopting blended learning models, and apart from lectures and textbooks, the settings also incorporate technology-based learning methods. Delungahawatta et al. (2022) state that these technological methods help nursing educators offer appropriate learning experiences to diverse learner populations. Also, McCutcheon et al. (2018) accentuates that nursing institutions introducing technology-based nursing education have promoted electronic learning (e-learning), influencing how learners interact with nurse educators across education and classroom settings. This shift is because learners and educators use handheld devices like cell phones, tablets, laptops, and the internet. This makes e-learning advantageous for learners to easily access education materials while promoting flexibility for learners in remote areas. As a result, Santo et al. (2022) indicate that some nursing institutions have completely endorsed online learning while others are still operating the blended version since the main goal is to make learning resources accessible, reducing commute and travel costs for learners and ensure that these learners achieve best performance outcomes. Also, Rouleau et al. (2017) and Delungahawatta et al. (2022) concur that integrating mobile application platforms and e-learning has led to a positive cognitive effect on nurse education revolutionization, thus contributing to better learning outcomes compared to the common or conventional learning approach that involves face-to-face classroom setting and is commonly used by millennial learners.

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    Consequently, e-learning is a flexible opportunity for learners since they can easily revisit their course content at any time and their convenience, including accessing the institution’s library at any time, which encourages evidence-based research (Delungahawatta et al., 2022). For instance, when nurse educators engage in various activities such as skills lab, embracing e-learning within the curriculum can help learners access videos that showcase nursing skills remotely through their tablets, laptops, or mobile phones, which increases their ability to connect with the learning materials while having ample time to write different procedures and steps. That is different from conventional writing, where learners can miss a procedure or step that threatens their performance and future nursing practice, thus endangering the lives of these learners’ future patients. Also, Santo et al. (2022) accentuate that e-learning helps learners access the sections they may need concerning the course compared with textbooks, which consume much time trying to locate chapters and even carry them around, thus limiting their research abilities.

    Such a notion has also been echoed by Ongor and Uslusoy (2023), who posit that the paradigm shift in nursing education offers learners a wide range of opportunities through fostering a considerate and good environment for all students. Hence, integrating technology into nursing education makes it easy for nurse educators to adjust learning objectives, course content, and lesson plans and evaluate the current curriculum to meet all learner’s needs by integrating audio recordings, videos, visual aids, and online articles. Consequently, Ongor and Uslusoy (2023), Rouleau et al. (2017), and Santo et al. (2022) agree that the current technology has advanced the nursing education environment, thus encouraging all learning styles while shaping the nursing profession, which in turn enhances patient care safety and quality. Therefore, the new learners in the dawn of nursing education technology will enhance their approach to education, especially in continuing education, thus promoting their competency and overall growth C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education.

    Need for Further Research or Development

    Technology in nursing education has led learners to be innovative and creative. It provides various learning opportunities while promoting evidence-based research since learners can easily access up-to-date learning materials. Such a shift from the conventional education setting is helping nurse educators with nursing education development, design, and delivery (Rouleau et al., 2017). Despite such e-learning advantages, the pedagogical teaching designs utilized by nurse educators continue to evolve, which may prompt learners and nurse educators to experience gaps in emerging technology use. Such factors will prompt the learners and their educators to obtain different skills, knowledge, and practice gaps due to technological advancement.

    For instance, mobile learning and e-learning instructions must be present in community health courses, thus serving as the current gap that limits the learners from obtaining appropriate public and community health nursing materials. According to McCutcheon et al. (2018), the author accentuates that such gaps in skills, knowledge, and practice gaps may require nursing institutions to employ seasoned nurse educators whose main task will be to re-learn ways to formulate innovative new teaching modalities (Ongor & Uslusoy, 2023). Another prevailing gap is among the young nursing learners who have interacted with various technologies since they will be more flexible in using technologies like laptops and mobile phones compared to older generations. Such factors may overlook a huge gap in adult learners re-specializing since most may need help finding online classes to be comfortable.

    Needs Assessment

    A needs assessment involving curricular technology incorporates a methodical and precisely organized approach that integrates accurate information. Such factors will result in an effective and highly competent educational program that must meet the future needs of nurse education, nursing institutions, learners, and nursing practice.

    Need-Gap Analysis

    Change is inevitable in nursing education, particularly in the over-saturated undergraduate curriculum and technology advancement; thus, there is a need to incorporate a systematic and methodical approach to help the new graduates transition smoothly into practice. For the proposal, stakeholders’ collaboration and survey, as well as prior and current learning activities evaluation, will help in identifying the needs related to the curricular technology, particularly on the current curriculum capabilities and the gap that the current curriculum modality poses compared to the desired modality (Penuel et al., 2020). Consequently, stakeholders’ collaboration and survey will help assess the nursing education skills, practice, knowledge, barriers, current best practices, and needs the community health course will require regarding curricular technology integration. Such information will help the project team and the stakeholders formulate effective plans for curricular technology implementation.

    Collaboration with Stakeholders

    The main stakeholders in the technology proposal for nursing education are the nursing institution’s administration, nurse educators, learners, and information technology personnel.

    Institution Administration

    The main aim of incorporating the institution administration is to oversee the resources and financing of proposed new curricular technology, thus making their participation crucial for the project’s success.

    Nurse Educators

    Nurse educators will be crucial since they will help other stakeholders understand the learners’ current skills and knowledge and the opportunities that the new curricular technology will bring to the institution.

    Learners

    The learners will be the determinants of the new curricular technology’s success since these learners belong to different age groups and thus have different exposure to technology use. The project team will need this information to ensure that the technology resonates with all learners.

    Information Technology Personnel

    Their role will be to monitor the workflow, advise on the most appropriate technology vendor, and provide appropriate advice to the project team while maintaining the new curricular technology after implementation.

    Collaboration Methods

    Communication and task-oriented collaboration are the best methods for overseeing the project’s success. As Penuel et al. (2020) postulate, implementing an effective communication plan is the best way to engage stakeholders in effective collaboration. The project manager must apply a transformational leadership strategy for task-oriented collaboration to ensure all stakeholders develop a sense of belonging. Therefore, to ensure that the stakeholders’ collaboration is successful, the project manager integrates weekly emails and meetings to keep the stakeholders up-to-date with the project and offer recommendations where necessary.

    Current Technology Challenges

    Current or Emerging Technologies

    The emerging and current technologies include Zoom for Education and the Lippincott Solutions platform (Table 2).

    Zoom for education:
    It ensures that educators provide their learners with e-learning and a modernized distance environment using interactive video communication, which may promote community health course collaborative classrooms (Oktaviani, 2021). The advantages of using the technology are that it helps educators enhance student learning and engagement, is cost-effective, offers hybrid and virtual class capabilities, and offers system-wide notification and emergency preparedness capabilities. The disadvantage associated with Zoom for education is the case where learners and educators fail to access adequate resources due to economic limitations, thus failing to treat all learners equally. Also, the learners may require a lot of time to learn about the new technology usage, thus disrupting their normal schedule.

    Lippincott Solutions platforms
    offer educators and institutions standardized, streamlined, and efficient means to enhance learning resources to promote community health courses. The advantage of technology is that it enables learners to interact with an evidence-based curriculum, enabling educators to standardize the curriculum design (Nettina, 2019). The disadvantages revolve around regular website maintenance that may limit the learners and educators from accessing the platform during such upgrades. Also, just like Zoom for Education, users with limited resources may fail to access the platform, thus disadvantaging them from benefiting from the Lippincott advantages.

    Current State of Technology Challenges

    The community health course’s current state is that it needs more integration of technological, modernization, and innovation advances. The current technology challenges are accessibility and infrastructure, the high cost of journals and textbooks, and information overload.

    Accessibility and Infrastructure

    In the 21
    st
    century, learning institutions are struggling to possess appropriate technical infrastructure, which has led to unequal access and disparities for students caused by the digital divide. The reason is that most students and educators cannot access technical support, internet connectivity, and digital devices equally, thus preventing equal learning opportunities for learners C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education.

    High Cost of Textbooks and Journals

    Nursing learners originate from different income backgrounds, and there is a possibility of low-income students failing to afford the cost of nursing journals and textbooks, thus limiting the learners to acquiring specialized skill sets and being more autonomous, including access to up-to-date information. (Santo et al., 2022)

    Textbook Bulkiness

    Learning materials bulkiness may limit their engagement with evidence-based research, preventing them from practicing evidence-based care upon transition.

    Overcoming Challenges

    The best way to overcome the challenges affecting community health courses is by implementing Lippincott Solutions platforms. It will help students from all backgrounds access learning materials equally, thus promoting equality among nursing learners (Nettina, 2019). For instance, the learners will need to pay a reasonable amount for their school fees, providing them access to all learning materials since most nursing textbooks are overpriced. Also, by implementing the Lippincott Solutions platform, learners and educators can access nursing learning materials remotely and during lessons, thus encouraging evidence-based research.

    Summary of Curricular Technology Needs Assessment

    The curricular technology needs assessment will rely on the ability to offer educators and learners a chance to interact with evidence-based case studies and simulations and combine such experience with higher cognitive learning summative and formative assessments while fostering an effective and rich learning environment that meets the learner’s needs and education goals (Rouleau et al., 2017). Therefore, implementing e-learning through the Lippincott Solutions platforms will enable and meet learners’ needs, such as providing accessibility to learning materials while empowering them to enhance their competencies, skills, and knowledge aligned with Community health courses. Such factors reflect its flexible technology that learners can use remotely to access learning materials. Also, the program supports evidence-based practices that enhance learners’ competency, empower them, and promote critical thinking since it streamlines and standardizes nursing guidelines.

    Stakeholder Consensus

    The project team collaborated with the main stakeholders to agree on implementing Lippincott Solutions programs. As a result, the project team met with these stakeholders, where they brainstormed on their respective disciplines’ readiness to embrace change in the new curricular proposal (Penuel et al., 2020). Also, through the stakeholders, it was easy to assess the prior and current learning activities to provide accurate and relevant data to showcase the current nursing curriculum’s existing capabilities and point out the gaps or needs that the current modality offers compared to the desired modality.

    Organization Factors and Forces to Consider

    The organization factors will include internal and external factors.

    Internal Factors

    The main internal factors that may affect the implementation of Lippincott Solutions are budgetary limitations, inadequate resources, and inadequate nurse educators. For instance, the budgetary and resource limitations may affect training, software upgrades, installation, and the money needed to purchase backup computers (Table 3). For inadequate nurse educators, the factor may limit how the institution trains the learners on better usage of Lippincott Solutions technology.

    External Factors

    The main external factors that may impact the project include competition, vendor-related issues, and accrediting bodies. According to Penuel et al. (2020), competition may affect how the nursing school operates; thus, there is a need to assess better means to enhance the institution’s competitiveness and sustainability. Vendor-related issues include late delivery of the Lippincott Solutions software or provision of software that does not meet the HIPAA rule, thus delaying the project. Additionally, accrediting bodies like the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) may affect the institution’s sustainability since learners and nursing employers prefer dealing with accredited institutions.

    Forces for Integration

    The integration forces concerning the Lippincott Solutions platform into promoting community health courses will be crucial in enhancing learner experience and success. The emergent technology will also improve critical thinking and antiquated learning modalities. Lippincott Solutions’ ability to provide streamlined, standardized, and evidence-based guidelines while encouraging easy access to up-to-date textbooks and journals is the reason for this assertion.

    Challenges to Integration

    The project team’s challenges during the implementation of Lippincott Solutions include resistance to change, learners’ obligations, and funding challenges. For instance, in resistance to change challenges, the learners may not embrace new guidelines since most are used to the old ones, thus causing resistance (Song & Park, 2021). The obligation to learners’ challenges may affect the implementation. Changing how learning is operated before a semester completion may be unfair to the learners since they must re-learn the new technology system to pass their final grades. Another challenge would be funding challenges since learning institutions will need to find better means to provide the needed money and resources to meet the project’s success, which was not initially in their budgetary plans.

    Change Theory

    Justification of Change Theory

    Implementing the Lippincott Solutions program will follow Lewin’s Change Theory stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. In the unfreezing stage, the project team will try to train the learners to unlearn the old systems to find it easy to transition to the new curricular technology (Batras et al., 2016). There is a high chance that the learners will resist change for the change stage. However, the best way to handle the situation is by engaging in collaboration while ensuring that evidence-based practice is considered to enhance the learners’ overall view concerning the new technology. For refreezing, the project team will have implemented Lippincott Solutions. The next step will be follow-ups and assessment of feedback to acknowledge areas that need enhancement to meet the project’s overall success.

    Potential Resistance to the Technology

    During change, resistance is typical, particularly if the change involves learning new skills and knowledge to sustain the learner’s compatibility with the system. In that regard, the main resistance that may occur due to Lippincott Solutions implementation includes nurse educators perceiving that the technology will take their jobs, thus their resistance. Also, learners in their final year may perceive the technology as a way to derail their graduation since they would be required to re-learn how the system works (Batras et al., 2016). Another potential resistance is from the nursing institution, which may wonder if it will maintain the systems for future use since it currently has no such system. Hence, the project team must address all these issues before implementation to support a smooth transition.

    Plans to Implement Change Theory

    The implementation plan will be divided into three stages: unfreeze, change, and refreezing.

    Unfreeze Stage

    The steps will include outlining the changes needed, reviewing the current curricular system, and identifying the gaps. The next step will be to seek permission from the learning institution’s management to understand their expectations and ways they will help implement the proposed change. Once management approves the project, the next step will be creating presentation materials to help the learning institution and stakeholders involved in the proposed project. Once the stakeholders understand the impact of the project, the project team will need to consider their possible feedback to ensure that appropriate answers are drafted. Also, it will be crucial to outline the benefits that Lippincott Solutions will impose on the institutions and the ways it connects to the institution’s overall goals. Consequently, it will be crucial to promise the stakeholders the support the project team will offer them until they are comfortable using the proposed program.

    Change Stage

    The main steps that the project team will consider once Lippincott Solutions is implemented include measuring progress. Hence, selecting specific key performance indicators like users’ satisfaction and internal process quality will be necessary when interacting with Lippincott Solutions. The second step will allow the selected users and stakeholders increased communication to answer their questions. Suppose the selected users have specific problems with the new technologies. In that case, the project manager must request educators and IT professionals to offer regular assistance until they are conversant with the new system. Such an instance will help collect anonymous surveys to help the project team create effective means to educate the target users once Lippincott is launched.

    Refreeze Stage

    The refreeze stage will require the project team to plan ways to introduce the curriculum to the learners and the educators. Other steps that will follow in the refreeze stage include educating the learners and educators on ways to use the technology separately to gain their confidence. The project team will also conduct a survey. The last step will include annual technology training as part of the follow-up strategy and to encourage the learners and educators to continue using Lippincott Solutions.

    Conclusion

    Nursing education has long been subjected to changes, with the current changes revolving around technology integration. The main reason why many nursing schools are more inclined towards technologies like e-learning is to enhance the ability of learners to access materials and enhance their evidence-based research skills and knowledge. Hence, nurse educators must propose appropriate technologies to enhance learning and promote a smooth transition into practice. As a result, the current emerging technologies include Zoom for Education and Lippincott Solutions technologies that make learning easy in hybrid and online classes. As a result, the project proposal votes for Lippincott Solutions as the most crucial curricular technology that will impact community health courses positively. However, the project team acknowledges that some challenges will include resistance to change and the nursing school’s obligation to its learners. However, through Lewin’s change theory, it will be easy to transition from the current system to the new system to improve the learner’s and educators’ experience.

    Purpose and Rationale for the Lippincott Solutions Proposal

    The purpose of proposing the Lippincott Solutions as an emerging curricular technology is to enhance the learning experience and outcomes and improve infrastructure related to the nursing profession. That is because previous teaching modalities incorporated printed journals and textbook readings that nursing learners would use for their studies. However, they never fully supported evidence-based research and critical thinking. Therefore, incorporating Lippincott Solutions to serve learners pursuing “The Role of The BSN Nurse in Promoting Community Health” course will help them enhance their cognitive thinking, clinical decision-making making, and critical thinking since learners can easily access the information at any time and in any geographical space.

    Filling the Curriculum Gap

    For any nursing program, the main purpose is to improve learners’ learning experience by assessing the challenges and possible engagement and growth that may impact their overall knowledge and skills. Hence, by implementing the Lippincott Solutions to the Community Health course, the learning institution will fill the gap between learners of different ages and economic backgrounds (Nettina, 2019). That is because, through its blended e-learning system, the learners can choose the most effective learning experience that resonates with them. Also, the proposal will enhance learners’ and educators’ collaboration, thus improving their competencies and skills necessary for the transition process.

    The proposal’s significance, Impact and Importance

    The proposal is significant to nursing learners since they will gain insight into using technology to collaborate with other learners. Hence, once they transition, it will be easy for them to use healthcare-related technologies like electronic health records and telemedicine since healthcare organizations have also transitioned from paperwork to electronic models of patient information documentation (Nettina, 2019). On the other hand, Lippincott Solutions’ impact on nursing learners will introduce them to evidence-based research, which will be the basis of nursing care upon transition. Nurses must integrate evidence-based care to improve patient care quality and safety. Overall, the proposed project is important to nursing learners and educators since it makes it easy to access nursing learning materials for learners of all backgrounds, and it will enhance their attitudes, competencies, skills, behaviors, and thoughts in the future when healthcare organizations will be introducing new changes (Nettina, 2019). That is because they already know how the change process is carried out and what possible outcomes are.

     

     

    References

    Batras, D., Duff, C., & Smith, B. J. (2016). Organizational change theory: implications for health promotion practice.
    Health Promotion International
    ,
    31
    (1), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau098

    Delungahawatta, T., Dunne, S. S., Hyde, S., Halpenny, L., McGrath, D., O’Regan, A., & Dunne, C. P. (2022). Advances in e-learning in undergraduate clinical medicine: a systematic review.
    BMC Medical Education
    ,
    22
    (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03773-1

    McCutcheon, K., O’Halloran, P., & Lohan, M. (2018). Online learning versus blended learning of clinical supervisee skills with pre-registration nursing students: A randomised controlled trial.
    International Journal of Nursing Studies
    ,
    82
    , 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.02.005

    Nettina, S. M. (2019).
    Lippincott manual of nursing practice
    (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

    Oktaviani, S. (2021). Online Lectures Using Zoom Application For Undergraduate Students During Covid-19 Pandemic Period.
    Risenologi
    ,
    6
    (1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.47028/j.risenologi.2021.61.156

    Ongor, M., & Uslusoy, E. C. (2023). The effect of multimedia-based education in e-learning on nursing students’ academic success and motivation: A randomised controlled study.
    Nurse Education in Practice
    ,
    71
    , 103686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103686

    Penuel, W. R., Riedy, R., Barber, M. S., Peurach, D. J., LeBouef, W. A., & Clark, T. (2020). Principles of Collaborative Education Research With Stakeholders: Toward Requirements for a New Research and Development Infrastructure.
    Review of Educational Research
    ,
    90
    (5), 627–674. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320938126

    Rouleau, G., Gagnon, M.-P., Côté, J., Payne-Gagnon, J., Hudson, E., Bouix-Picasso, J., & Dubois, C.-A. (2017). Effects of e-learning in a continuing education context on nursing care: a review of systematic qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies reviews (protocol).
    BMJ Open
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    7
    (10). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018441

    Santo, L. D., Peña-Jimenez, M., Canzan, F., Saiani, L., & Battistelli, A. (2022). The emotional side of the e-learning among nursing students: The role of the affective correlates on e-learning satisfaction.
    Nurse Education Today
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    , 105268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105268

    Song, C. E., & Park, H. (2021). Active Learning in E-Learning Programs for Evidence-Based Nursing in Academic Settings: A Scoping Review.
    The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing
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    (9), 407–412. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20210804-05

     

    Table 1

    Literature Review Summary Table

    First Author (Pub. Year)

    Title

    Purpose

    Context

    Findings

    Relevance

    Strength of Evidence

    McCutcheon (2018)

     

    “Online learning versus blended learning of clinical supervisee skills with pre-registration nursing students: A randomized controlled trial.”

    The main aim was to assess learning outcomes for nursing students subjected to a blended learning approach compared to those who received an online learning approach.

    The target audience was the nurse learners in Ireland’s higher learning institutions.

     

    Blended learning, incorporating both e-learning and traditional learning approaches, was more effective than online learning because it helped meet each student’s needs and preferences.

    The article is relevant because it proves the importance of encouraging both online and traditional learning to ensure that all learners’ needs are met and avoid resistance.

    Level of evidence: Level II

     

    Strengths: The article involved an intervention and control group, thus making it easy to assess the research feasibility.

     

    Weaknesses: Participants were not blinded, thus posing a possible bias

    Ongor (2023)

     

    “The effect of multimedia-based education in e-learning on nursing students’ academic success and motivation: A randomized controlled study.”

     

    The research assessed the effect of multi-media teaching materials on students’ motivation and achievement in e-learning.

    The target audience was nursing students.

    The authors find multi-media crucial in enhancing nursing education, as it integrates practical learning criteria more effectively than the traditional approach.

    The article shows that e-learning through different multi-media approaches like videos and pictures enhances nursing learners’ academic success C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education.

    Level of evidence: Level II

     

    Strengths: The article involved re-test-post-test, thus making it easy to assess the research feasibility.

     

    Weaknesses: The authors needed help to control the plausible confounding variables since it used a quasi-experimental design.

    Rouleau (2017)

    “Effects of e-learning in a continuing education context on nursing care: a review of systematic qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies reviews (protocol).”

    The aim was to evaluate how e-learning affects continuing nursing students.

    The target population for the study was nurses within the context of continuing education.

    The authors found that e-learning affects continuing students in terms of their knowledge, reactions, and skills, particularly on the first Kirkpatrick model’s two levels.

     

    The article is relevant because it will help the research identify factors influencing continuing students’ acceptance of e-learning.

    Level of evidence: Level I

     

    Strengths: The researchers thoroughly scrutinized 22 articles with full article access.

     

    Weaknesses: The results may need further assessment to generalize to other nursing student populations like undergraduates.

    Santo (2022)

    “The emotional side of the e-learning among nursing students: The role of the affective correlates on e-learning satisfaction.”

    The article assesses the mediating role of e-learning in determining learners’ social and cognitive presence and satisfaction.

     

    The target audience was Italian University undergraduate nurse students

    The author’s findings are that the learner’s emotions have a significant impact on e-learning satisfaction

    The article is informative concerning how emotions determine how well learners interact with e-learning.

    Level of evidence: Level IV

     

    Strengths: Integration of hypothesis-based research enabled the researchers to attain a conclusive answer to their aims.

     

    Weaknesses: The study may experience framework limitations.

    Delungahawatta (2022)

     

    “Advances in e-learning in undergraduate clinical medicine: a systematic review.”

    The study assessed how active e-learning using evidence-based approaches would be implemented in an academic nursing setting.

    The target population was undergraduate nursing students on ways they interacted with e-learning in academic settings.

    The researchers identified that integrating e-learning programs within nursing academic settings would enhance learners’ success.

    The study is essential since it helps readers understand the effectiveness of active learning in e-learning, especially in engaging learners in evidence-based practice.

    Level of evidence:

    level 1

     

     

    Strengths: 42 studies were involved in the review, and the research findings are generalizable.

     

    Weaknesses: preconceived biases.

     

     

    Table 2

    Curriculum Technology Need-Gap Analysis

    Current Curriculum Technology

    Desired Curriculum Technology

    Need-Gap

    Action Steps to Meet the Need-Gap

    Printed journals and articles

    Textbooks

     Lippincott Solutions program will support blended learning and evidence-based research, thus enabling nursing learners to improve their cognition and thinking skills.

     

     

     

    Zoom for educators that supports messaging, webinars, and virtual conferences and meetings

    Lippincott Solutions’ need gap is that it does not promote critical thinking and interdisciplinary collaboration.

     

     

     

     

     

    There will be a need to train learners and educators. C922 Emerging Trends and Challenges In 21st Century Nursing Education

    –      Purchase Lippincott Solutions.

    –      Hire an information technology personnel for training purposes.

    –      Train all intended users.

    –      Annual training within the institutions.

     

     

    –      Order Zoom for educator software.

    –      Hire an information technology personnel for training purposes.

    –      Train all intended users.

    –      Annual training within the institutions.

     

     

     

    Table 3

    Force Field Analysis

    Forces
    for

    curriculum proposal

     

    Curriculum proposal

    Forces Against Curriculum Proposal

     Offers evidence-based practice platform

     

     

    Lippincott Solutions implementation proposal

     

     

     

    Implementation cost

     Provides standardized curricular

     

     

    Expensive in terms of its resources and training the key stakeholders

     Support training for learners, educators, and the nursing school whenever necessary.

     

     

    Expensive to maintain