Category: Nursing

During assessment, the home health nurse learns that the client has a fecal impaction. Before proceeding to manually remove the stool, what is the nurse’s PRIORITY?

A.  Give an analgesic or sedative to make the client comfortable.

B. Advise the family to increase the client’s fluid and fiber intake.

C. Teach family members to perform the disimpaction process.

D. Recall that cardiac dysrhythmias are a possibility

A fecal impaction is a large lump of dry, hard stool that stays stuck in the rectum. It is most often seen in people who are constipated for a long time.

Treatment of a fecal impaction includes administrating an enema to soften the stool to produce a bowel movement, or
manually
removing the impaction.

With a lubricated glove, insert the index finger into the rectum to break up the hardened stool with a circular motion. Cardiac dysrhythmias and reflex bradycardia can occur from vagal nerve stimulation.

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

Question 1                                       1 pts

A nurse informaticist must evaluate whether staff are following evidence-based practices for PHI minimization when generating patient care summaries. Which method best reflects a high-level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

Assuming compliance because no breaches occurred.

Posting reminders about summary formatting.

Asking staff if they remember the policy.

Reviewing summaries for unnecessary identifiers and comparing findings to standards.

Question 2                                                                 1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a PHI handling protocol for off-site clinics. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommend eliminating off site access entirely.

 

Ask IT to determine which devices are allowed.

 

Suggest copying a protocol from another organization.

 

Integrate security standards, workflow needs, and device use patterns into the protocol.

 

Question 3                                                                                   1 pts

A nurse leader must evaluate whether new secure access charting kiosks reduce unauthorized PHI viewing. Which action best reflects an evidence based evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Assuming effectiveness because other units use them.

 

Checking whether the kiosks are easier to use.

 

Reviewing access logs and comparing unauthorized entry attempts to baseline.

 

Asking staff if they like the kiosks.

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Question 4                                                                        1 pts

A nurse is evaluating whether staff are following evidence based strategies for PHI protection during bedside dietary counseling. Which method best reflects a high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Conducting direct audits of counseling sessions and comparing findings to privacy standards.

 

Assuming compliance because no complaints were filed.

 

Asking staff if they feel confident protecting PHI.

 

Posting reminders about PHI during counseling.

 

Question 5                                                               1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a PHI handling protocol for home health visits. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Integrate security standards, patient home environments, and workflow needs into the protocol.

 

Recommend eliminating electronic documentation in the home.

 

Suggest copying a protocol from another agency.

 

Ask IT to determine which devices are allowed.

 

Question 6                                                                1 pts

A nurse informaticist must recommend an evidence based strategy to reduce PHI exposure when clinicians use shared handheld scanners during rapid assessments. Which option best reflects synthesis of privacy, technology, and workflow principles?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking staff to log out more often.

 

Implementing automatic logout, role based access, and privacy screen expectations.

 

Asking staff to avoid using scanners during busy times.

 

Reducing the number of scanners.

 

Question 7                                                             1 pts

A nurse informaticist must recommend an evidence based strategy to reduce PHI exposure when clinicians use shared handheld devices during triage. Which option best reflects synthesis of privacy, technology, and workflow principles?

Group of answer choices

 

Reducing the number of handheld devices.

 

Asking staff to avoid using devices during busy times.

 

Implementing automatic logout, role based access, and privacy screen expectations.

 

Asking staff to log out more often.

 

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam Question 8      1 pts

A nurse manager is developing a strategy to reduce PHI exposure during bedside interpreter assisted teaching. Which synthesis level action best reflects evidence based practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking staff to speak more quietly.

 

Reducing interpreter use.

 

Combining privacy incident data, room layout assessments, and communication guidelines.

 

Asking interpreters to shorten discussions.

 

Question 9                                                                             1 pts

A nurse manager is developing a strategy to reduce PHI exposure during bedside chaplain visits. Which synthesis level action best reflects evidence based practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Reducing the number of chaplain consults.

 

Asking staff to speak more quietly.

 

Asking chaplains to shorten visits.

 

Combining privacy incident data, room layout assessments, and communication guidelines.

 

Question 10                                         1 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether staff training on PHI handling practices is effective. Which action demonstrates high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Assessing whether training improved PHI handling accuracy and reduced violations.

 

Checking whether the training slides were visually appealing.

 

Asking IT to determine whether training is necessary.

 

Reviewing whether staff enjoyed the training.

 

Question 11                                               1 pts

A nurse manager is redesigning the unit’s PHI release workflow for inpatient to outpatient therapy transitions. Which synthesis level action best reflects evidence based practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Assigning one nurse to handle all therapy related PHI.

 

Reducing the number of release forms.

 

Asking staff to “slow down” when completing releases.

 

Integrating legal requirements, workflow barriers, and error trend data.

 

Question 12                                          1 pts

A nurse leader is evaluating whether a new PHI secure bedside handoff tool reduces unnecessary identifiers. Which action best reflects an evidence based evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Observing one handoff and generalizing findings.

 

Posting reminders about PHI before handoff.

 

Asking staff if the tool feels easier.

 

Comparing recorded handoffs to PHI minimization criteria.

 

Question 131 pts

A nurse manager is redesigning the unit’s PHI handling workflow. Which synthesis level action best reflects evidence based practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Copying another unit’s workflow without modification.

 

Reducing documentation requirements to limit PHI exposure.

 

Integrating privacy incident data, staff feedback, and regulatory standards into a revised workflow.

 

Asking staff to “use common sense” when handling PHI.

 

Question 141 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new workstation timeout policy reduces PHI exposure. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Comparing PHI exposure incidents before and after implementation.

 

Checking whether workstation time outs match vendor defaults.

 

Reviewing whether the policy aligns with national recommendations.

 

Asking staff if they find the policy convenient.

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

 

Question 151 pts

An interdisciplinary team is redesigning the process for releasing PHI to long term care partners. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Ask IT to determine which forms are required.

 

Integrate legal requirements, workflow needs, and patient safety considerations into the new process.

 

Suggest copying release procedures from another facility.

 

Recommend eliminating all external PHI sharing.

 

Question 161 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new scanning to EHR process reduces PHI exposure. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Suggesting that scanning be eliminated entirely.

 

Asking staff if they prefer scanning over faxing.

 

Reviewing whether the process reduces unclaimed or misfiled PHI.

 

Checking whether the scanner matches vendor specifications.

 

Question 171 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new PHI access alert system is reducing inappropriate chart entry. Which action best reflects evidence based evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Comparing alert trigger patterns with actual workflow needs to identify unnecessary or inappropriate access.

 

Checking whether the alert colors are easy to see.

 

Asking staff if they feel the alerts are annoying.

 

Reviewing whether the alert system matches vendor recommendations.

 

Question 181 pts

A nurse informaticist must evaluate whether staff are following evidence based PHI masking practices when printing patient care summaries. Which method best reflects a high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Reviewing printed summaries for unnecessary identifiers and comparing findings to policy.

 

Assuming compliance because no breaches occurred.

 

Asking staff if they remember the masking rules.

 

Posting reminders about masking requirements.

 

Question 191 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new badge tap login system reduces PHI exposure. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Reviewing whether the system aligns with national recommendations.

 

Comparing PHI exposure incidents before and after implementation.

 

Asking staff if they find the system convenient.

 

Checking whether badge readers match vendor defaults.

 

Question 201 pts

A nurse leader must evaluate whether new secure access cabinets for PHI storage are reducing unauthorized viewing. Which action best reflects an evidence based evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Reviewing access logs and comparing unauthorized entry attempts to baseline.

 

Assuming effectiveness because other units use them.

 

Asking staff if they like the cabinets.

 

Checking whether the cabinets are easy to open.

 

Question 211 pts

A nurse is redesigning the unit’s PHI release workflow for home health referrals. Which synthesis level action best reflects evidence based PHI management?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking staff to “double check” referral information.

 

Integrating regulatory requirements, workflow barriers, and breach trend data.

 

Reducing the number of referral forms.

 

Assigning one nurse to handle all referrals.

 

Question 221 pts

A nurse informaticist must evaluate whether staff are following evidence based PHI masking practices when printing patient lists. Which method best reflects a high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Reviewing printed lists for unnecessary identifiers and comparing findings to policy.

 

Asking staff if they remember the masking rules.

 

Assuming compliance because no breaches occurred.

 

Posting reminders about masking requirements.

 

Question 231 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a new PHI handling protocol for mobile devices. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommend banning all mobile devices from clinical areas.

 

Integrate evidence based security guidelines with clinical workflow needs.

 

Ask IT to determine which devices should be allowed.

 

Suggest copying a protocol from another hospital.

 

Question 241 pts

An interdisciplinary team is redesigning the process for releasing PHI to community partners. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommend eliminating all external PHI sharing.

 

Integrate legal requirements, workflow needs, and patient safety considerations into the new process.

 

Suggest copying release procedures from another facility.

 

Ask IT to determine which forms are required.

 

Question 251 pts

A hospital is implementing a new process for storing PHI in a hybrid cloud local environment. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Combine role based access needs, workflow patterns, and security standards into a storage structure.

 

Suggest eliminating cloud storage entirely.

 

Recommend storing all PHI in a single folder for simplicity.

 

Ask IT to determine which folders should be restricted.

 

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

After reviewing the Assessment 2 resources, take the Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam. Assessment 2 covers Competency 2: Demonstrate evidence based strategies to effectively manage protected health information.

Introduction

In today’s increasingly digital healthcare environment, the protection of patient information has become a critical priority. As healthcare organizations rely more heavily on electronic health records and data-sharing technologies, the need to safeguard protected health information (PHI) is paramount to ensuring patient trust, safety, and legal compliance. Privacy, security, and confidentiality are foundational principles that guide how patient information is collected, accessed, and shared across healthcare systems.

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Nurses play a vital role in maintaining these protections, as they are often at the forefront of handling sensitive patient data. Understanding the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), recognizing potential security risks such as cyber threats or unintended data disclosure, and applying evidence-based strategies are essential competencies in modern nursing practice. This assessment examines the importance of protecting PHI, explores the risks associated with data breaches, and highlights the nurse’s responsibility in promoting ethical, secure, and confidential handling of patient information. By strengthening knowledge in these areas, nurses can help prevent violations, protect patient rights, and contribute to a safer and more trustworthy healthcare environment.

Resources

Use the resources linked below to help complete this assessment.

Assessment 2 Resources

Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity is always in the news. It seems like a different organization is hacked and its data is held for ransom each week. With so much data being collected and stored, securing that data is becoming more difficult. Read about the risks and gaps in these articles.

Assessment 2: Cybersecurity
Links to an external site.
.

HIPAA

HIPAA guides how healthcare organizations collect, use, disclose, and protect data they collect while caring for patients. HIPAA ensures each patient has the right to data security and privacy. The following articles explore the role of nursing informatics and HIPAA compliance:

Assessment 2: HIPAA
Links to an external site.
.

HIPAA Violations

Organizations that collect and use patients’ health data are required by law to protect it. When data breaches occur these organizations often pay a price both in the form of fines and a tarnished reputation. Many data breaches are not caused by hackers; some are accidental releases of information such as in the social media posts of employees. The following articles address HIPAA violations:

Assessment 2: HIPAA Violations
Links to an external site.
.

The Nurse’s Role in Patient Privacy

Nurses must protect their patient’s private information from accidental or intentional release without the consent of the patient. It is every nurse’s duty to ensure patient’s data is handled with care.

Assessment 2: The Nurse’s Role in Patient Privacy
Links to an external site.
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Social Media and Privacy

Social media can be used for patient outreach and education, but it can also lead to the accidental release of protected health information. It’s important organizations have a social media policy and provide their staff with education of social media dos and don’ts.

Assessment 2: Social Media and Privacy
Links to an external site.
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Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

Due
 
No due date

Points
 
25

Questions
 
25

Available
 
after Jul 13 at 12am

Time Limit
 
25 Minutes

Allowed Attempts
 
3

Instructions

After reviewing the Assessment 2 resources, take the Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam.

Quiz Instructions

This quiz covers protecting health information in the field of healthcare.

You are allowed 
three
 attempts (there may be a slight delay between attempts).

Each attempt presents a different variation of the exam.

The highest score counts.

Allocate sufficient time to ensure you will be able to complete the exam.

Remember that you cannot stop and restart the test. You must answer all of the questions within one session; you cannot log out of the exam in the middle of taking it and then go back in later to finish it.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this exam, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competency and criteria:

Competency 2: Demonstrate evidence based strategies to effectively manage protected health information.

Demonstrate understanding of evidence-based strategies used to manage protected health information, including privacy, security, and confidentiality.

Complete the 
Breach of Protected Health Information (PHI)
activity, which tests your knowledge of potential privacy, security, and confidentiality violations of protected health information. NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

This activity is ungraded. However, you are strongly encouraged to complete this activity as it will help reinforce course concepts.

 

Breach of Protected Health Information (PHI)

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

Two nurses post a selfie of themselves at the nursing station on Facebook. In the background are patient charts with clearly identifiable patient names on them.

Question
1
of
26

Has a breach in PHI occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
2
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response

Question
3
of
26

What steps can health care facilities take to address and prevent potential breaches of this type?

Enter your response

Question
4
of
26

In this situation, which of the following actions could help the nurse ensure the future protection and maintenance of PHI?

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

A nurse posts on Facebook or Instagram a selfie of herself and a patient in a wheelchair who is awaiting discharge. Underneath the photo is a caption that reads: “We’re happy Mr. Brown is heading home for recovery from his open-heart surgery, although we’re sad to see him go. His cheery smile brightened all our days at St Luke’s hospital.”

Question
5
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
6
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response

Question
7
of
26

What steps can health care facilities take to address and prevent potential breaches of this type?

Enter your response

Question
8
of
26

In this situation, how could the nurse help ensure the future protection and maintenance of PHI?

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

A nurse posts a selfie of himself in front of his health care setting. The name of the health care setting is in the background, but no other people are in the background. No patient information is visible. The caption underneath the picture says: “Made it through my first week of nursing in the pediatric intensive care unit at St. Mary’s Hospital. Can’t wait for Week 2.”

Question
9
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a PHI security breach.

c) 
This is a PHI privacy breach.

Question
10
of
26

While there are no violations here, what could the nurse do to help ensure the protection and maintenance of PHI?

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

Receptionist and nursing assistant talking.

 

Audio Player

00:00

00:00

Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.

Show Transcript 

Question
11
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
12
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response

Question
13
of
26

What steps could the health care facility take to address this type of breach and to prevent other similar breaches from occurring?

Enter your response

Question
14
of
26

In this situation, what could the nurse do to help ensure the protection and maintenance of PHI? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

Two nurses talking in a cafeteria. Other staff members, visitors, and patients are within earshot.

 

Audio Player

00:00

00:00

Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.

Show Transcript 

Question
15
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
16
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

Question
17
of
26

Describe the
steps health care
facilities can take to address and prevent potential breaches of this type.

Enter your response

Question
18
of
26

In this situation, which of the following actions could help the nurse ensure the future protection and maintenance of PHI? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

A doctor or nurse walked away from a coffee shop counter. A flash drive with patient information is accidentally left behind on the counter.

Question
19
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
20
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response

Question
21
of
26

Describe the steps health care facilities can take to address and prevent potential breaches of this type.

Enter your response

Question
22
of
26

In this situation, which of the following actions could help the nurse ensure the future protection and maintenance of PHI? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

Examine the following image and/or audio snippets and answer the questions that follow.

A paper tray labeled Received Faxes near the desk located next to the public bathroom. In the paper tray is a document with protected health information (no cover sheet) and the patient’s name clearly visible.

Question
23
of
26

Has a breach occurred? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
No violation has occurred.

b) 
This is a privacy breach.

c) 
This is a security breach.

Question
24
of
26

What should the nurse do to protect and maintain PHI if a breach is suspected?

Enter your response

 

Question
25
of
26

What steps could the health care facility take to address this type of breach and to prevent other similar breaches from occurring?

Enter your response

 

Question
26
of
26

In this situation, what could the nurse do to help ensure the protection and maintenance of PHI? Select all that apply.

Select all answers that apply

a) 
Situational awareness.

b) 
Document handling.

c) 
Access to electronic systems.

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 2: Protected Health Information (PHI) – Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality Exam

Following surgery, a client is placed on a “diet as tolerated” food plan. Which of the following is BEST for the client’s first post-operative meal?

A. Bland

B. Full liquid

C. Clear liquid

The first meal after surgery should be clear liquids, only fluids and foods that can be seen through. It is the least likely to induce nausea and vomiting. It also provides some liquids and calories, while stimulating peristalsis. A soft diet has a soft texture that is easy to chew and digest; foods are low fiber. A bland diet has soft foods that are not spicy, fried, or raw. A full liquid diet is made up only of fluids and foods that are normally
liquid
and foods that turn to liquid when they are at room temperature, like ice cream. If the client can tolerate the clear liquids, the diet can be advanced.

D. Soft

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam

Question 1               1 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether the EHR supports accurate interdisciplinary discharge planning. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Checking whether the interface has customizable colors.

 

Reviewing whether the EHR improves accuracy and completeness of shared discharge information.

 

Suggesting that only physicians complete discharge planning.

 

Asking staff if they prefer the discharge screen layout.

 

Question 2                          1 pts

A nurse is evaluating whether a new clinical alert improves interdisciplinary response accuracy. Which action demonstrates high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking staff if they like the alert tone.

 

Checking whether the alert matches the vendor’s demo.

 

Analyzing response accuracy, timing, and outcome changes.

 

Suggesting that only physicians receive the alert.

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Question 3                              1 pts

A nurse is evaluating whether the EHR supports safe interdisciplinary handoffs. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Reviewing whether the handoff tool matches the vendor’s template.

 

Asking staff if they prefer verbal handoffs.

 

Analyzing whether the tool improves accuracy, completeness, and decision making during transitions.

 

Checking whether the tool is visually appealing.

 

Question 4                  1 pts

A hospital is implementing a new clinical decision support pathway for stroke care. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking IT to determine which steps are essential.

 

Recommending that the pathway be used without modification.

 

Integrating evidence based guidelines, team workflows, and time sensitive data needs into pathway design.

 

Suggesting that only neurologists use the pathway.

 

Question 5                              1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is redesigning documentation to improve continuity of care. Which nurse driven synthesis action best supports the project?

Group of answer choices

 

Rewriting documentation policies without consulting other disciplines.

 

Asking IT to copy templates from another unit.

 

Reducing documentation fields to save time.

 

Combining workflow mapping, communication patterns, and patient safety data to propose integrated documentation fields.

 

Question 6                             1 pts

A nurse is evaluating whether a new clinical alert improves interdisciplinary communication. Which action demonstrates high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Analyzing communication accuracy, response times, and patient outcomes.

 

Suggesting that only physicians receive the alert.

 

Checking whether the alert matches the vendor’s promotional materials.

 

Asking staff if they like the alert sound.

 

Question 7                          1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is revising the workflow for documenting patient deterioration. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Suggest copying a workflow from another unit.

 

Ask IT to design the workflow without clinical involvement.

 

Recommend removing structured fields to simplify documentation.

 

Integrate clinical guidelines, team responsibilities, and data needs into a unified workflow.

 

Question 8                      1 pts

A hospital is implementing a new patient monitoring dashboard. Which synthesis level contribution should the nurse make?

Group of answer choices

 

Suggest limiting dashboard access to one discipline.

 

Recommend using the dashboard exactly as delivered.

 

Combine workflow needs, safety priorities, and interdisciplinary input to refine displayed data.

 

Ask IT to determine which data elements are most important.

 

Question 9                                     1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a workflow for integrating patient generated health data. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommending that all data be uploaded without filtering.

 

Combining clinical priorities, team roles, and patient specific needs to determine which data are actionable.

 

Asking IT to decide which data fields to include.

 

Suggesting that only physicians review the data.

 

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam Question 10                                  1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is redesigning documentation templates. Which synthesis level contribution should the nurse make?

Group of answer choices

 

Suggest removing all optional fields to simplify documentation.

 

Ask IT to design the template without clinical input.

 

Integrate clinical guidelines, workflow patterns, and safety requirements into a unified template.

 

Recommend copying templates from another hospital.

 

Question 111 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new interdisciplinary workflow improves the accuracy of clinical decisions. Which action best reflects the nurse’s evaluative role?

Group of answer choices

 

Checking whether the workflow resembles the vendor’s template.

 

Comparing workflow steps with real patient care scenarios to identify decision support gaps.

 

Asking IT whether the workflow is easy to maintain.

 

Reviewing whether staff prefer the new workflow.

 

Question 12                                                  1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a new EHR based patient safety protocol. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Integrate clinical guidelines, team roles, and workflow timing into the protocol.

 

Recommend limiting the protocol to nursing staff.

 

Ask IT to determine which steps are essential.

 

Suggest copying a protocol from another hospital.

 

Question 13                                                      1 pts

A nurse informaticist is reviewing how interdisciplinary teams use real time patient dashboards. Which evaluative action best reflects the nurse’s role?

Group of answer choices

 

Requesting IT to redesign the dashboard without clinical input.

 

Asking staff if they like the dashboard colors.

 

Suggesting that only physicians use the dashboard.

 

Assessing whether displayed data supports timely clinical decisions across disciplines.

 

Question 14                                                          1 pts

A
nurse
is evaluating the effectiveness of a new barcode medication administration (BCMA) process. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking IT to determine whether the process is effective.

 

Asking staff whether they like the new scanners.

 

Reviewing error rates, scanning compliance, and workflow disruptions.

 

Checking whether the scanners match the hospital’s color scheme.

 

Question 15                                                       1 pts

During an interdisciplinary meeting, conflicting interpretations of dashboard data arise. Which action best demonstrates the nurse’s role in synthesizing information to guide team decisions?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommending that each discipline interpret the data independently.

 

Asking IT to remove the dashboard until the conflict is resolved.

 

Suggesting the team ignore the dashboard and rely on anecdotal reports.

 

Facilitating a discussion to align definitions, data sources, and clinical context.

 

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam Question 16                                           1 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating a new interdisciplinary messaging tool. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Checking whether the tool has customizable themes.

 

Assessing message accuracy, timeliness, and impact on clinical decisions.

 

Suggesting that only nurses use the tool.

 

Asking staff whether they prefer texting.

 

Question 17                                       1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is revising documentation for rapid response events. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Recommend removing all structured fields.

 

Suggest copying documentation from another unit.

 

Integrate clinical guidelines, team roles, and time sensitive data needs into the documentation design.

 

Ask IT to design the documentation independently.

 

Question 18                                 1 pts

A hospital wants to adopt a new telehealth platform. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take to ensure the platform supports clinical decision making?

Group of answer choices

 

Choose the platform used by a neighboring hospital.

 

Ask IT to make the final decision without clinical involvement.

 

Integrate patient needs, workflow requirements, and interdisciplinary input into platform recommendations.

 

Select the platform with the most advanced video features.

 

Question 19                                                   1 pts

A nurse notices that medication related alerts are frequently overridden. Which evaluative action best supports interdisciplinary decision making?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking pharmacy to handle all alert related issues.

 

Requesting that IT delete all medication alerts.

 

Analyzing override patterns and presenting findings to the interdisciplinary team.

 

Ignoring the overrides because physicians are responsible for medication safety.

 

Question 20                                                     1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a new EHR based patient safety checklist. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Integrate clinical guidelines, team roles, and workflow timing into the checklist design.

 

Suggest copying a checklist from another hospital.

 

Ask IT to determine which items are essential.

 

Recommend limiting the checklist to nursing staff.

 

Question 21                                                  1 pts

A nurse informaticist is asked to evaluate whether a new EHR template improves care coordination. Which approach best reflects high level evaluation?

Group of answer choices

 

Counting how many nurses used the template.

 

Checking whether the template loads quickly.

 

Reviewing whether the template reduces redundant documentation and improves information flow between disciplines.

 

Asking staff if they like the colors used in the template.

 

Question 22                                                        1 pts

A hospital plans to integrate a new clinical decision support (CDS) tool. Which action best demonstrates the nurse’s evaluative role in ensuring the tool supports safe decision making?

Group of answer choices

 

Delegating all evaluation responsibilities to the IT department.

 

Assessing how the CDS recommendations align with real bedside workflows.

 

Requesting that physicians determine whether the CDS is clinically appropriate.

 

Approving the CDS tool after reviewing the vendor’s promotional materials.

 

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment
1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam Question 23                                              1 pts

An interdisciplinary team is developing a workflow for integrating wearable device data into patient care. Which synthesis level action should the nurse take?

Group of answer choices

 

Ask IT to determine which data are clinically relevant.

 

Integrate clinical priorities, team roles, and patient specific needs to determine which data matter.

 

Recommend limiting wearable data to physician review only.

 

Suggest using all available wearable data without filtering.

 

Question 25                                        1 pts

A nurse informaticist is evaluating whether a new interdisciplinary messaging tool improves care coordination. Which action best reflects evaluative practice?

Group of answer choices

 

Asking staff if they prefer texting.

 

Assessing message accuracy, timeliness, and impact on clinical decisions.

 

Suggesting that only nurses use the tool.

 

Checking whether the tool has customizable themes.

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam

Addison’s disease nutrition

When instructing a patient with Addison’s disease about nutrition, the healthcare provider should NOT recommend which of the following dietary modifications?

A. A diet high in grains

B. A diet with adequate caloric intake

C. A restricted-sodium diet

A patient with Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency) requires normal dietary sodium to maintain electrolyte balance and prevent excess fluid loss. The patient should be instructed to maintain adequate caloric intake with a diet
high
in protein and complex carbohydrates, including grains.

D. A high-protein diet

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1 Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice

After reviewing the Assessment 1 resources, take the Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam. Assessment 1 covers competency 1: Describe nurses’ and the interdisciplinary team’s role in informatics with a focus on electronic health information and patient care technology to support decision making.

Introduction

In today’s technology-driven healthcare environment, nursing informatics plays a pivotal role in supporting safe, efficient, and patient-centered care. Understanding how nurses and the interdisciplinary team collaborate to manage electronic health information is essential, as these technologies directly influence clinical decision-making, communication, and workflow. For Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students, developing competency in informatics strengthens their ability to effectively navigate electronic health records, contribute to data-driven quality improvement, and support evidence-based practice across diverse care settings. As healthcare continues to evolve, nurses must be prepared to integrate technology into daily practice and collaborate across disciplines to enhance patient outcomes and organizational effectiveness.

Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam

Due
 
No due date

Points
 
25

Questions
 
25

Available
 
after Jul 13 at 12am

Time Limit
 
25 Minutes

Allowed Attempts
 
3

Instructions

After reviewing the Assessment 1 resources, take the Assessment 1: Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice Exam.

Quiz Instructions

This quiz covers managing health information and technology in the field of healthcare.

You are allowed 
three
 attempts (there may be a slight delay between attempts).

Each attempt presents a different variation of the exam.

The highest score counts.

Allocate sufficient time to ensure you will be able to complete the exam.

Remember that you cannot stop and restart the test. You must answer all of the questions within one session; you cannot log out of the exam in the middle of taking it and then go back in later to finish it.

Competencies Measured

By successfully
completing this exam
, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competency and criteria:

Competency 1: Describe nurses’ and the interdisciplinary team’s role in informatics with a focus on electronic health information and patient care technology to support decision making.

Demonstrate understanding of the nurse’s and the interdisciplinary team’s roles in informatics.

NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1 Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice

 

Vila Health: Team Perspectives of the Nurse Informaticist

Question:

Who would you approach first to plan your project? Why?

Answer:

I would reach out to the Nurse Manager to understand better what is needed for the development of the new

program. This will help to strategize a clear path to what can be expected.

Feedback: You will first need to approach your nurse manager to gain insight into the project and her

expectations. You need to ask about the project focus, and whether a budget is necessary to development,

implement, and maintain it. Your nurse manager is your direct supervisor. The chain of command needs to be

respected, and she may have information to share with you that you are not privy to. Once you have a basis for

the project, you can brainstorm with your peers. Their support and input will be vital to the success of the

project.

Question:

What role would the NI play in the development of your program?

Answer:

The NI would help to utilize and help to access the new program within our EHR system to allow other

healthcare professional to gain insight on the new programs objectives.

Feedback: The NI will help answer any questions that you may have about the type of technology that would

be the best fit for the project. She can educate and train you in the use of the technology. She can also help

you develop and monitor related quality control measures and policies. Finally, she will support the nurses who

will use the technology throughout the process and follow up with concerns after the project has been

implemented.

Question:

What role would the project manager play in the development of your program?

Answer:

The Project manager will help to keep the program within a budget and help to ensure goals and deadlines are

met.

Feedback: The NI is sometimes the PM, but not always. The PM looks at the bigger picture as it relates to the

operational goals of the institution. The PM is the head of the project, and will help you keep your project on

schedule and within the established budget. The PM will work with the NI, you, and the team to optimize clinical

workflow throughout the key phases of the project management.

Question:

What strategies would you consider in the preparation of this program?

Answer:

Anticipated timelines to launch and steps building to that launch date.

Feedback: A solid plan will help you to decide how to proceed after you have identified how to improve quality

measures. The following responsibilities need to be considered in the preparation of this program.

Stakeholders: It is important to involve the stakeholders to gain insight into their perspectives and obtain

their buy-in. This will ensure that you have their support and that the project will be more successful. The

stakeholders include: The nurse manager, NI, PM, IT staff, and peers. In some instances, this may also

include the patients, the state, and external accreditation bodies. You will also need to decide whether

you will use pilot or focus groups, educational sessions, or protocol and policy development, and also

how you will get the key stakeholders involved in their development and implementation.

Timeline: You will need to establish, with the nurse manager, NI, and PM, a timeline for the project

completion. This will help you to outline an appropriate plan for the planning, initiation, execution, and

monitoring of the project. You will need to reach out to the IT team to gain their insight, support, and

assistance as you develop the timeline; they are also key to the success of the plan. You will work

closely with the NI and the PM to stay on track.

Communication: Communication is essential. It is important to schedule meetings with the team, such

as weekly check-ins to discuss progress and issues, midpoint reviews to talk about established

milestones, and a meeting at the end of the project before its implementation. Ad hoc meetings are good

practice if issues arise between these scheduled meetings.

Budget: It is important to discuss with the nurse manager, NI, PM, and IT whether there are any financial

considerations such as the amount, allocation, and timing of project funds. Not taking this into

consideration may mean failure of the quality improvement project.

Available resources: Prior to developing a plan for the project, it is important to identify what resources

are available. The nurse manager, NI, PM, and IT professionals will be instrumental in this. IT can

provide you with the list of technology that is currently available, what needs to be purchased to meet

the timeline established, and how it will be used. NURS-FPX4045 Assessment 1 Leveraging Health Information and Technology in Professional Nursing Practice

A nurse working at a long-term care facility is observing a new client. Which of the following signs indicates that the client may have a vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency?

A. Mouth sores

Vitamin B2, also called riboflavin, is one of 8 B vitamins. Signs of deficiency include cracks and sores at the corner of the mouth; fatigue; digestive problems; swollen, magenta-colored tongue; itchy and burning eyes; and sensitivity to light. B2 deficiency has been linked to cataracts and migraine headaches. All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into glucose) used to produce energy. They also help the nervous system function properly. The B vitamins, often referred to as B-complex vitamins, also help the body metabolize fats and proteins. B vitamins are water soluble, so the body does not
store
them. Bruising is a sign of Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy). Night blindness indicates Vitamin A deficiency. Muscle cramps, aches, or weakness indicate a Vitamin D deficiency.

B. Night blindness

C. Muscle cramps

D. Frequent bruising

NURS-FPX4025 Assessment 4 Presenting Your PICO(T) Process Findings to Your Professional Peers

This course has been completed and no further assessments may be submitted.

Create a 5–10 minute video of yourself, as a presenter, in which you propose an evidence-based plan to improve the outcomes for your diagnosis.

Collapse All

Introduction

As part of the critical role that EBP plays in nursing, professional nurses share their findings with their peers and others. A big part of research is sharing knowledge so that others can also learn. Professional nurses attend seminars and read journals specific to their practice, and they also publish and present what they have learned. This assessment prepares you to share your knowledge with others.

Instructions

For this assessment, you are a presenter! You will create a 5–10 minute video using Kaltura or similar software. In the video and written narrative:

Review your findings from Assessment 3.

Create a poster presentation based on your findings from Assessment 3 (see the samples in the 
Assessment 4: Poster Template Examples
 reading list). Include:

An explanation of the diagnosis.

The research question you developed using PICO(T).

A summary of your sources.

The answer to your PICO(T) question based on your analysis of evidence.

Describe the key steps of care you are recommending based on your evidence.

Give a professional presentation to your peers, showing your poster with your voice narration using Kaltura or similar software.

Include your written narrative/script of the presentation in a Word document. Add the link to your video at the end of your written narrative.

Refer to 
Using Kaltura
 Campus resource as needed to record and upload your video.

Note
: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact 
DisabilityServices@Capella.edu
 to request accommodations. If, for some reason, you are unable to record a video, please contact your faculty as soon as possible to explore options for completing the assessment.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

Length of video
: 5–10 minutes.

References
: Cite at least three professional or scholarly sources of evidence to support the assertions you make in your video. Include additional properly cited references as necessary to support your statements.

APA reference page
: Submit a correctly formatted APA reference page that shows all the sources you used to create and deliver your video. Be sure to format the reference page according to current APA style.

Video and narrative
: You must submit a written narrative of all of your video content. Add the link to your video at the end of your written narrative.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

Competency 2: Analyze the relevance and potential effectiveness of evidence when making a decision.

Explain a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications.

Summarize the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Competency 4: Plan care based on the best available evidence.

Describe a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

Explain the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence.

Describe key steps of care based on the evidence.

Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead practice changes based on evidence.

Organize content in a poster presentation and written narrative so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Communicate effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound.

Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting adherence to most aspects of APA format.

NURS FPX4025 Assessment 3 Applying the PICO(T) Process – Applying the PICO(T) Process: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially fatal metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus, which is marked by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis (Lizzo et al., 2023). In the Sentinel U simulation, Jose Sanchez showed typical signs of DKA such as high blood glucose, Kussmaul breathing, dehydration, and altered mental status. The PICO(T) framework is a structured approach that enables nurses to develop focused clinical questions and efficiently

search for relevant evidence to guide patient care. This paper uses the PICO(T) process on DKA management, establishes a gap in the existing literature, and examines the evidence to guide best clinical practices.

Diagnosis Overview: Outcomes, Risks, and Complications

DKA is linked to a high level of morbidity and mortality when not timely identified and managed. As Elendu et al. (2023) states, DKA is one of the most common causes of mortality in patients with diabetes, especially in under-resourced environments where the mortality rate can be as high as 24%. Typical complications are acute renal failure, electrolyte imbalances (particularly potassium disorders), cerebral edema, and cardiac arrhythmias. The laboratory results in the case of Jose Sanchez, including high creatinine levels and irregular potassium levels, indicate the possibility of a kidney problem and heart instability. DKA disproportionately

affects the vulnerable populations. Jose Sanchez has a high risk of poor outcomes and delayed diagnoses due to limited access to health care, low health literacy, and language barriers.

ORDER HERE

Wysham et al. (2025) also highlights that patients with inadequate glycemic regulation, infection, or non- adherence to insulin therapy are at an increased risk. Healthcare disparities such as inadequate education and access to culturally sensitive care have a significant role in frequent DKA episodes. For example, a lack of interpreter services can result in the misunderstanding of discharge instructions, which increases the chances of readmission.

Development of the PICO(T) Question

A review of the literature reveals a gap in patient-centered outcomes related to fluid resuscitation choices, particularly in how fluid type affects recovery time and complications in adult DKA patients. Although 0.9 percent normal saline is commonly used in the traditional management, there is evidence to indicate that balanced electrolyte solutions (BES) can yield better results.

PICO(T) Question:

In adult patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (P), how does fluid resuscitation with balanced

electrolyte solutions (I), compared to 0.9% normal saline (C), affect time to DKA resolution and

electrolyte balance (O) within the first 24–48 hours of treatment (T)?

• P (Population): Adult patients with DKA

• I (Intervention): Balanced electrolyte solutions

• C (Comparison): 0.9% normal saline

• O (Outcome): Faster DKA resolution and improved electrolyte balance

• T (Time): 24–48 hours

Literature Search Strategy

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Search terms such as diabetic ketoacidosis, fluid resuscitation, balanced electrolyte solutions, normal saline, and DKA outcomes were key search terms. To obtain up-to-date evidence, filters were used to limit the search to peer-reviewed articles published in the past five years. The search process was narrowed down by using Boolean operators (AND/OR) and restricting the search results to systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. Factors of credibility that were taken into consideration were peer-reviewed status, expertise of authors,

reputation of journals, and the publication date. The search process resulted in several pertinent articles, and three of them were chosen to be analyzed in detail because of their direct connections with the PICO(T) question.

Analysis of Evidence

Elendu et al. (2023) provides a comprehensive overview of DKA, emphasizing that prompt treatment with IV fluids, insulin, and electrolyte replacement is critical for survival. Although the article does not provide a direct comparison of fluid types, it sets the precedent of fluid resuscitation as a fundamental step in the management of DKA. The article is also reliable as it is peer-reviewed and is a synthesis of numerous studies, thereby being very relevant in comprehending the basics of management. Wysham et al. (2025) performed a systematic review that analyzed the burden of DKA in type 2 diabetes. The researchers point out high complication

rates, such as acute kidney injury and extended stay. Notably, it also reveals gaps in prevention and management interventions, which justify better intervention methods, including optimized fluid therapy. The sample is quite large (197 studies), and the results can be widely extended to various patient groups. Szabó et al. (2024) provides the most direct evidence for the PICO(T) question. This meta-analysis and systematic review compared balanced electrolyte solutions to

0.9% saline in the management of DKA. The study found that BES resulted in a faster resolution of DKA (by approximately 5.36 hours) and improved electrolyte profiles, including lower chloride and higher bicarbonate levels. Despite the observed risk of bias, particularly in the included observational studies, and in some small-sample size randomized controlled trials, the overall results can be considered clinically meaningful. The article is very believable and closely

applicable in the enhancement of clinical outcomes among patients with DKA.

Synthesis and Answer to the PICO(T) Question

The evidence suggests that balanced electrolyte solutions are more effective than 0.9% normal saline in achieving faster resolution of DKA and improving electrolyte balance. Szabó et al. (2024) provide strong evidence supporting this conclusion, while Elendu et al. (2023) and

Wysham et al. (2025) reinforce the importance of timely and effective fluid management in reducing complications. One of the assumptions made in this analysis is that the quicker DKA is resolved, the better the patient outcome in terms of reduced hospitalization and decreased chances of complications. The literature supports this assumption, as it associates long-lasting DKA with morbidity. Therefore, adopting BES as a first-line fluid may enhance patient recovery and reduce healthcare burdens.

Conclusion

The use of the PICO(T) process in the case of diabetic ketoacidosis demonstrates that evidence-based decision-making is a crucial component of the nursing practice. This analysis proves that balanced electrolyte solutions can possibly provide better results than the traditional saline treatment. The findings are particularly relevant for high-risk patients like Jose Sanchez, where timely and effective interventions are critical. Incorporating this evidence into practice can improve patient outcomes, reduce complications, and support high-quality, patient-centered care.

References

Elendu, C., David, J. A., Udoyen, A.-O., Egbunu, E. O., Ogbuiyi-Chima, I. C., Unakalamba, L.

O., Temitope, A. I., Ibhiedu, J. O., Ibhiedu, A. O., Nwosu, P. U., Koroyin, M. O., Eze, C.,

Boluwatife, A. I., Alabi, O., Okabekwa, O. S., Fatoye, J. O., & Ramon-Yusuf, H. I.

(2023). Comprehensive review of diabetic ketoacidosis: An update. Annals of Medicine

and Surgery, 85(6), 2802–2807. https://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000000894

Lizzo, J. M., Goyal, A., & Gupta, V. (2023). Adult diabetic ketoacidosis. PubMed; StatPearls

Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560723/

Szabó, G. V., Szigetváry, C., Turan, C., Engh, M. A., Terebessy, T., Fazekas, A., Farkas, N.,

Hegyi, P., & Molnár, Z. (2024). Fluid resuscitation with balanced electrolyte solutions

results in faster resolution of diabetic ketoacidosis than with 0.9% saline in adults – A

systematic review and meta‐analysis. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 40(5).

https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3831

Wysham, C., Bindal, A., Levrat‐Guillen, F., Kostadinova, D., & Poon, Y. (2025). A systematic

literature review on the burden of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16282

 

NURS FPX4025 Assessment 3 Applying the PICO(T) Process

This course has been completed and no further assessments may be submitted.

Create a 3–5 page submission in which you develop a PICO(T) question for the diagnosis you worked with in the first two assessments and analyze the evidence you locate to answer the question.

Introduction

PICO(T) is an acronym that helps researchers and practitioners define aspects of a potential study or investigation.

It stands for:

P – Patient/population/problem.

I – Intervention.

C – Comparison (of potential interventions, typically).

O – Outcomes.

T – Time frame (if time frame is relevant).

The end goal of applying PICO(T) is to develop a question that can help guide the search for evidence (Boswell & Cannon, 2015). From this perspective, a PICO(T) question can be a valuable starting point for nurses who are beginning to apply an evidence-based model. By taking the time to precisely define the areas in which the nurse will be looking for evidence, searches become more efficient and effective. Essentially, by precisely defining the types of evidence within specific areas, the nurse will be more likely to discover relevant and useful evidence during their search. When applying the PICO(T) approach, the nurse can isolate the interventions of interest and compare to other existing interventions for the evidenced impact on the outcome of the concern.

Reference

Boswell, C., & Cannon, S. (2015). 
Introduction to nursing research
. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Professional Context

As a baccalaureate-prepared nurse, you will be responsible for locating and identifying credible and scholarly resources to incorporate the best available evidence for the purposes of
enhancing clinical reasoning and judgement skills
. When reliable and relevant evidence-based findings are utilized, patients, healthcare systems, and nursing practice outcomes are positively impacted.

PICO(T) is a framework that can help you structure your definition of the issue, potential approach that you are going to use, and your predictions related to the issue. Word choice is important in the PICO(T) process because different word choices for similar concepts will lead you toward different existing evidence and research studies that would help inform the development of your initial question. When writing a PICO(T)-formatted research question, you want to focus on the impact of the intervention and the comparison on the outcome you desire.

Scenario

For this assessment, please use the diagnosis you worked with in the first two assessments.

NURS FPX4025 Assessment 3 Applying the PICO(T) Process Instructions

After reviewing the materials you created to research a specific diagnosis in the first two assessments, apply the PICO(T) process to develop a research question and research it.

Your initial goal is to define the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome. In some cases, a time frame is relevant and you should include that as well, when writing a question you can research related to your issue of interest. After you define your question, research it, and organize your initial findings, select the two sources of evidence that seem the most relevant to your question and analyze them in more depth. Specifically, interpret each source’s specific findings and best practices related to your chosen diagnosis, and explain how the evidence would help you plan and make decisions related to your question.

If you need some structure to organize your initial thoughts and research, the PICO(T) Question and Library Search template (accessible from the 
Create PICO(T) Questions
 page) might be helpful.

In your submission, make sure you address the following:

Review the PICO(T) process.

Explain your diagnosis from Assessment 1 in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications. In your explanation, be sure to include the risks and complications for vulnerable populations or those affected by healthcare disparities and the impact of those disparities.

Consider your diagnosis from Assessment 1. Develop a research question using the PICO(T) process to address an issue of your choosing related to your diagnosis.

Properly format your PICO(T) question to guide your search of the literature.

Describe your search of the literature, noting search engines, key words, and credibility factors.

Locate evidence that explores your intervention and comparison of your PICO(T) question with an emphasis on your specific outcome (at least three diagnosis-issue-specific sources of evidence (scholarly articles)).

Explain the content of each of your scholarly articles.

NURS FPX4025 Assessment 3 Applying the PICO(T) Process

Explain the credibility and relevance of each of the articles you chose to your diagnosis issue.

Analyze the evidence. Determine the answer to your PICO(T) question based on your analysis of the evidence.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

Length of submission
:
 
Create a 3–5-page submission focused on defining a research question and interpreting evidence relevant to answering it.

Number of references
:
 
Cite a minimum of four sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your findings and considerations. Resources should be no more than 5 years old.

APA formatting
: Format references and citations according to the current APA style.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

Competency 1: Interpret findings from scholarly quantitative, qualitative, and outcomes research articles and studies.

Describe a search of the literature noting search engines, key words, and credibility factors.

Competency 2: Analyze the relevance and potential effectiveness of evidence when making a decision.

Explain a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications, including the risks and complications for vulnerable populations or those affected by healthcare disparities, and the impact of those disparities.

Explain the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Competency 4: Plan care based on the best available evidence.

Describe a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

Analyze evidence to explain the answer to a PICO(T) question.

Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead practice changes based on evidence.

Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting adherence to most aspects of APA format.

NURS FPX4025 Assessment 3 Applying the PICO(T) Process

NURS-FPX4025 Assessment 3 Instructions

Review the PICO(T) process.

Explain your diagnosis from Assessment 1 in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications. In your explanation, be sure to include the risks and complications for vulnerable populations or those affected by healthcare disparities and the impact of those disparities.

Consider your diagnosis from Assessment 1. Develop a research question using the PICO(T) process to address an issue of your choosing related to your diagnosis.

Properly format your PICO(T) question to guide your search of the literature.

Describe your search of the literature, noting search engines, key words, and credibility factors.

Locate evidence that explores your intervention and comparison of your PICO(T) question with an emphasis on your specific outcome (at least three diagnosis-issue-specific sources of evidence (scholarly articles)).

Explain the content of each of your scholarly articles.

Explain the credibility and relevance of each of the articles you chose to your diagnosis issue.

Analyze the evidence. Determine the answer to your PICO(T) question based on your analysis of the evidence.