Category: Writing

Summarizing The Shape of Africa
Begin with the name of the article and the author, and the thesis (main idea) of the article.
Include only the most important supporting ideas.
Be paraphrased.
Flow logically from the beginning to the end, with appropriate transition signals and connecting words.
200 words long
sample:
The Smart Swarm In “The Smart Swarm,” Peter Miller, a senior editor at National Geographic, discusses how the study of swarm intelligence in animals is being used to develop new technology. He refers to this type of behavior as a smart swarm and defines it as a group of individuals that can make complex decisions collectively by responding to one another and to their environment. There is no central leader, but when everyone acts responsibly, the entire group benefits, as can be seen in swarms of insects, flocks of birds, schools of fish, and herds of land animals. Robotics engineers are trying to mimic this type of collaborative behavior in the design of small autonomous robots with complementary capabilities. These types of robots could be very useful as first responders to emergencies, as well as in dangerous military situations. How humans will continue to develop this technology remains to be seen, but examples of it are already commonplace online with successful websites such as collaborative encyclopedias and crowdsourcing projects, which proves that individual contributions can make a difference when combined to create collective intelligence.
0 2.2 Ask someone to tell you quickly what but Africa’s evolved into our own species, they associate with Africa and the answers Homo sapiens. Sometime between 100,000 you’ll get will probably range from “cradle of and 50,000 years ago, our African ancestors humankind” and “big animals” to “poverty” underwent some further profound change. and “tribalism.” How did one continent come Whether it was the development of complex to embody such extremes? speech or something else, such as a change Geography and history go a long in brain wiring, we aren’t sure. Whatever way toward providing the explanations. it was, it transformed those early Homo Geographically, Africa resembles a bulging sapiens into what paleoanthropologists’ call sandwich. The sole continent to span both “behaviorally modern” Homo sapiens. Those B the north and south temperate zones, ‘ it has people, probably with brains similar to our a thick tropical core lying between one thin own, expanded again into Europe and Asia. temperate zone in the north and another in the Once there, they exterminated or replaced south. That simple geographic reality explains or interbred with Neanderthald Asia’s a great deal about Africa today. hominins* and became the dominant human species throughout the world. As to its human history, this is the place where-some seven million years ago-the In effect, Africans enjoyed not just one but evolutionary lines of apes and protohumans’ three huge head starts over humans on other diverged. It remained the only continent our continents. That makes Africa’s economic ancestors inhabited until around two million D struggles today, compared with the successes years ago, when Homo erectus expanded of other continents, particularly puzzling. It’s out of Africa into Europe and Asia. Over the opposite of what one would expect from the next 1.5 million years, the populations the runner first off the block. Here again, of those three continents followed such geography and history give us answers. different evolutionary courses that they It turns out that the rules of the competitive became distinct species. Europe’s became the race among the world’s humans changed Neanderthala’s remained Homo erectus, radically about 10,000 years ago, with the Temperate zones are areas between the tropics and the polar circle. “Paleoanthropologists are scientists who study human fossils. A protohuman is an early human ancestor. Hominins are the early forms of humans that descended from primates.
origins of agriculture. The domestication of wild plants and animals meant our ancestors could grow their own food instead of having to hunt or gather it in the wild. That allowed people to settie in permanent villages, to increase their populations, and to feed specialists—invenmrs, soldiers, and kings—who did not produce food. With domesticaticm came other advances, including the ?rst metal tools, writing, and state societies. The problem is that only a tiny minorityr of wild plants and animals lend themselves to domestication, and those kw are concentrated in about half a dozen parts of the world. As every schoolchild learns, the world’s earliest and most productive farming arose in the Fertile Crescent of scmthwestern Asia, where wheat, barley, sheep, cattle, and goats were domesticated. While those plants and animals spread east and west in Eurasia, in Africa they were stopped by the continent’s north—south orientation. Crop: and livestock tend to spread much more slowly from north to south than from east to west because different latitudes require adaptation to different climates, seasonalities, day lengths, and diseases. Africa’s own native plant species— sorghum, oil palm, coffee, millets, and yams— weren’t domesticated until thousands of years after ?sia and Europe had agriculture. And Africa’s geography kept oil palm, yams, and other crops of equatorial Africa from spreading into southern Africa’s temperate zone. While South Africa today boasts5 the continent’s richest agricultural lands, the crops grown there are mostly northern temperate crops, such as wheat and grapes, brought directly on ships by European colonists. Those same crops never succeeded in spreading south through the thick tropical core of Africa. ‘To bonuses pcueu. lfm? dtxiaamutceofptide
The domesticated sheep and cattle of Fertile within the last tens of thousands of years. To the Crescent origins took about 5,000 years to misfortune of the big animals of those continents, spread from the Mediterranean down to the the first humans they encountered were already southern tip of Africa. The continent’s own native fully modern people, with modern brains and animals-with the exception of guinea fowl and hunting skills. Most of those animals-woolly possibly donkeys and one breed of cattle-proved mammoths, saber-toothed cats, and, in Australia, G impossible to domesticate. History might have marsupials’ as big as rhinoceroses-disappeared turned out differently if African armies, fed by soon after humans arrived. Entire species may barnyard-giraffe meat and backed by waves of have been exterminated before they had time to cavalry mounted on huge rhinos, had swept learn to beware of hunters. into Europe to overrun its mutton-fed soldiers Unfortunately, the long human presence mounted on puny horses. That this didn’t happen in Africa also encouraged something else to was no fault of the Africans; it was because of the thrive-diseases. The continent has a well- kinds of wild animals available to them. deserved reputation for having spawned some Ironically, the long human presence in Africa of our nastiest ones: malaria, yellow fever, East is probably the reason the continent’s species of African sleeping sickness, and AIDS. These and big animals survive today. African animals co- I many other human illnesses arose when microbes evolved with humans for millions of years, as causing disease in animals crossed species lines H human hunting prowess gradually progressed to evolve into a human disease. For a microbe from the basic skills of our early ancestors. That already adapted to one species, to adapt to gave the animals time to learn a healthy fear of another can be difficult and require a lot of man and, with it, a healthy avoidance of human evolutionary time. Much more time has been hunters. In contrast, North and South America available in Africa, cradle of humankind, than and Australia were settled by humans only
in any other part of the planet. That’s half the mainland Africa (15 out of 47) are landlocked, and answer to Africa’s disease burden; the other half the only African river navigable from the ocean for is that the animal species most closely related long distances inland is the Nile. Since waterways to humans-those whose microbes required the provide the cheapest way to transport cumbersome least adaptation to jump species-are the African goods, geography again thwarts Africa’s progress. great apes and monkeys. All these factors can lead to the question: Africa continues to be shaped in other ways “Is the continent, or at least its big tropical by its long history and its geography. Of mainland core, doomed eternally to wars, poverty, and Africa’s ten richest countries-the only ones with K devastating diseases?” I’d answer, “Absolutely annual per capita gross domestic products over not.” On my own visits to Africa, I’ve been struck J $3,300-eight lie partly or entirely within its by how harmoniously ethnic groups live together temperate zones: Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria in many countries-far better than they do in in the north; and Angola, South Africa, Botswana, many other parts of the globe. Tensions arise in and Namibia in the south. Gabon and Equatorial Guinea are Africa’s only tropical countries to make “A navigable river is wide enough for a boat to travel along safely. the list. In addition, nearly a third of the countries of “If something is cumbersome, it is large and heavy and therefore difficult to carry or handle.
Africa, as they do elsewhere, when people see economies. By investing in public health measures, no other way out of poverty except to fight their they have successfully curbed those diseases, and neighbors for dwindling resources. But many the increased health of their people has led to far areas of Africa have an abundance of resources: healthier economies. Within Africa itself, some The rivers of central Africa are great generators international mining and oil companies have of hydroelectric power; the big animals are a been funding successful public health programs major source of ecotourism revenue in eastern throughout their concession areas” because they and southern Africa; and the forests in the wetter realized that protecting the health of their workers regions, if managed and logged sustainably, would was an excellent business investment for them. be renewable and lucrative” sources of income. What’s the best case for Africa’s future? If As for Africa’s health problems, they can be the continent can overcome its health problems greatly alleviated with the right planning and and the corruption that plagues many of its funding. Within the past half century, several governments and institutions, then it could take formerly poor countries in Asia recognized that advantage of today’s globalized, technological tropical diseases were a major drain on their world in much the same way that China and “A lucrative activity, job, or business is very profitable. India are now doing. Technology could give Africa the connections that its geography, M particularly its rivers, long denied it. Nearly half of all African countries are English speaking-an advantage in trade relations-and an educated, English-speaking workforce could well attract INGAARD service jobs to many African countries. If Africa is to head into a bright future, outside investment will continue to be needed, at least for a time. The cost of perpetual aid to or military intervention in Africa is thousands of times more expensive than solving health problems and supporting local development, thereby heading N off conflicts. Not only Africans but the rest of us will be healthier and safer if Africa’s nations increasingly take their places as peaceful and prospering members of the world community. “A concession area is a place where someone is given the right to sell a product or run a business. “If you head off an event, you keep it from happening. Adapted from “The Shape of Africa,” by Jared Diamond: National Geographic Magazine, September 2005

I need a analysis written for Andrew Solomon’s TED lecture, “DEPRESSION, THE SECRET WE SHARE.”
https://www.commonlit.org/en/texts/depression-the-secret-we-share

unit 4 cosmetology
Give one example of professional behavior in a salon and how a cosmetologist could demonstrate it.
Where could a cosmetologist learn more about ethical expectations in his or her specialty?
Why are professional ethics in the cosmetology field often centered on the customer?
Why should a cosmetologist immediately fix any problem that a client has with a service without charging them?
What is the purpose of liability insurance?

thorough Guided analysis of the following text – How do text and image work together to convey the comic’s message? 700  words
The following comic is taken from www.jakelikesonions.com, an online archive of comics by American copywriter/cartoonist Jake Thompson. Thompson’s comics explore different topics such as work, relationships and death. JAKE LIKES ONIONS f y DO YOU REMEMBER DO YOU REMEMBER WHEN PEOPLE USED TO WHEN PEOPLE USED TO WRITE LETTERS? WRITE TEXTS? DO YOU REMEMBER WHEN A . Ill /0.1| M10.. PEOPLE USED TO UPLOAD THEIR ENTIRE CONSCIOUSNESS 100///.40//]-1? TO THE THOUGHT TUBE? I can’t wait for the thought tube

2. What are the three major steps to effective note-taking, as explained in the chapter? Summarize each step in one or two sentences.
3. Preparing for tests can include creating review tools. Name at least two of these tools.
4. When answering multiple-choice questions, it is better to read all the possible answers before answering the questions in your head. True or False? Explain your answer.

I fell into one of those online list rabbit holes and wasted nearly an hour reading about surprising things that are coeval, like the first fax machine and pioneers heading west on the Oregon Trail. What does the word “coeval” mean in this context? Use these dictionary entries to answer the question:
co- (prefix) with, together
-ev (suffix) time period, era
equally important in history
happened at the same time
took place one after the other
occurred long ago

English 10 Sem 2 Apex Learning XA 9 1 6 7 Use your answers to the following questions to help you brainstorm and organize your ideas. 1. Curtis Wilkie’s editorial presents a strong opinion about which news media he prefers. What are your first reactions to his comments about the TV, radio, and print media accounts of Hurricane Katrina? 2. After considering your first reactions to Wilkie’s letter, write your opinion in one sentence. 3. What led you to this opinion? Make a list of reasons. They might be related directly to Wilkie’s statements, come from your own experience with news media, or both. CLOSE
English 1 0 Sem 2 H Apex Learning 37A :9 1 Eli ® 4. Look at each of your reasons for the opinion you provided in question 2. Can you ?nd information to support each of them’il Return to the three examples of Hurricane Katrina media coverage you studied in this lesson (by Cole, Corley, and National Geographic) and track down one or two pieces of evidence for each of the reasons you’ve given for agreeing or disagreeing with Wilkie’s arguments. List that evidence here. 5. Combine your opinion with a summary of the reasons you’ve listed to form a single sentence that clearly states your main point. 6. Draft your introduction paragraph. Ideally. it will (1) catch the reader’s attention, (2) identify the article you’re responding to, and (3) clearly state your main point.

In the article “Keep it Clean: Social Media Screens Gain in Popularity (Links to an external site.),” Saige Driver notes that it has become more and more common for employers to screen social media in addition to running background checks before making a job offer to candidates. While this has been upheld as a legal search, the ethics of doing so are somewhat up for debate. While social media has always been a public facing document (so to speak), many users utilize social media to give glimpses into their private lives and often have accounts that have been with them since they were very young.
For this discussion post, I want you to either defend the practice of screening social media accounts as ethical or attack it as unethical. Is this fair to potential employees? Why or why not? Would you need to go through and delete a few things (and some pictures) before you went to get a job to make sure that your profile matched the “brand” of yourself that you presented in your job documents and during your interview? , and utilize concrete examples to support your argument.
copy the link below to understand the question
https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/2377-social-media-hiring.html

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version To summarize, the elaboration model of instruction starts by presenting the elaboration theory (Reigeluth, 1999). Using this approach, the game would begin with a level that offered the simplest version of the whole task (the epitome); subsequent levels would become increasingly more complex–an approach common to videogames–with one layer at a time, until the desired level of detail or complexity is reached. References: Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). The elaboration theory: Guidance for scope and sequence decisions. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory (Vol. II, pp. 425-453). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? O Word-for-Word plagiarism O Paraphrasing plagiarism O This is not plagiarism
Item 2 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version Educational researchers, policymakers, and practitioners agree that educational research is often divorced from the problems and issues of everyday practice–a split that creates a need for new research approaches that speak directly to problems of practice (National Research Council [NRC], 2002) and that lead to the development of “usable knowledge” (Lagemann, 2002). Design-based research (Brown, 1992; Collins, 1992) is an emerging paradigm for the study of learning in context, through the systematic design and study of instructional strategies and tools. We argue that design-based research can help create and extend knowledge about developing, enacting, and sustaining innovative learning environments. References: DBRC (Design-Based Research Collective). (2003). Design-based research: An emerging paradigm for educational inquiry. Educational Researcher, 32(1), 5-8. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? O Word-for-Word plagiarism O Paraphrasing plagiarism O This is not plagiarism
Item 3 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material In a complex task such as creating a website for learning, instructors may want to support the generation of multiple solutions in learners’ peer feedback. Anonymity may create a social context where learners feel freer to express varied ideas, and make the task of giving feedback less inhibited. However, teachers need to know just how anonymity impacts the learning dynamic in order to make informed choices about when anonymous configurations are appropriate in peer feedback. References: Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010). Anonymity to promote peer feedback: Pre-service teachers’ comments in asynchronous computer-mediated communication. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 43(1), 39-112. Student Version We agree with the idea that teachers must know how hiding identity can influence a learning experience so that they can make intelligent decisions regarding when hiding identity is apt in peer feedback situations (Howard, Barrett, & Frick, 2010). Without this knowledge teachers could be creating peer feedback activities that result in feedback being shared that is very different than the type that was desired or expected. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? O Word-for-Word plagiarism O Paraphrasing plagiarism O This is not plagiarism
Item 4 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version When instructors are creating discussion board activities for online courses, at least two questions must be answered. First, what is the objective of the discussions? Different objectives might be to create a “social presence” among students, so that they do not feel isolated, to ask questions regarding assignments or topics, or to determine if students understand a topic by having them analyze and evaluate contextual situations. Based on the response to this question, different rules might be implemented to focus on the quality of the interaction more so than the quantity. The second question is, how important are online discussions in comparison to the other activities that students will perform? This question alludes to the amount of participation that instructors expect from students in online discussions along with the other required activities for the course. If a small percentage of student effort is designated for class participation, our results show that it can affect the quality and quantity of interactions. References: Moore, J. L., & Marra, R. M. (2005) A comparative analysis of online discussion participation protocols. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 33(2), 191-212. According to Moore and Marra’s (2005) case study, which observed two online courses, students in the first course implemented a constructive argumentation approach while students in second course had less structure for their postings. As they stated, when instructors create online discussion board activities, they must answer at least two questions. These questions are: “What is the objective of the discussions?” And “How important are online discussions in comparison to the other activities that students will perform?” According to their findings, the discussion activities that were designed based on the answers to these questions can influence the quality and quantity of interactions (Moore & Marra, 2005). References: Moore, J. L., & Marra, R. M. (2005) A comparative analysis of online discussion participation protocols. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 33(2), 191-212. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Item 5 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version I accept the point that whenever learning occurs, some medium or mix of media must be present to deliver instruction. However, if learning occurs as a result of exposure to any media, the learning is caused by the instructional methods represented in the medium rather than medium itself. It is the instructional methods which influence learning. Method is the inclusion of one of a number of possible representations of a cognitive process or strategy that is necessary for learning but which students cannot or will not provide for themselves. References: Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning. Educational technology research and development, 42(2), 21-29. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? O Word-for-Word plagiarism O Paraphrasing plagiarism O This is not plagiarism
Item 6 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version Learning from demonstrations is enhanced when learners actively engage in interaction with one another rather than passively observing the demonstration. When learners are required to find a new portrayal of the information that has been presented, they are required to process the information at a deeper level in order to identify and demonstrate this new portrayal. When they are required to demonstrate their new portrayals to one another, this provides additional portrayals of the information being taught, thus increasing the richness of the instruction. References: Merrill, M. D. (2009). First principles of instruction. In C. M. Reigeluth & A. A. Carr-Chellman (Eds.), Instructional- Design theories and models: Building a common knowledge base. (pp. 41-56). New York: Routledge. In order to make instruction more effective, learners should be required to find additional portrayals of the information which have been presented by the instructor. Learners are expected to then demonstrate their portrayals to one another. Learning from demonstrations is enhanced when learners actively engage in interaction with one another rather than passively observing the demonstration. References: Merrill, M. D. (2009). First principles of instruction. In C. M. Reigeluth & A. A. Carr-Chellman (Eds.), Instructional- Design theories and models: Building a common knowledge base. (pp. 41-56). New York: Routledge. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Item 7 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version Suppose you study a group of successful companies and you find that they emphasize customer focus, or quality improvement, or empowerment; how do you know that you haven’t merely discovered the management practice equivalent of having buildings? How do you know that you’ve discovered something that distinguishes the successful companies from other companies? You don’t know. You can’t know–not unless you have a control set, a comparison group. References: Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies.