Delirium Article Analysis Essay

Delirium Article Analysis Essay

Using a Library database, please find an article related to the care of a patient in the preoperative phase related to delirium. Please summarize the article and provide at least one nursing intervention and one nursing diagnosis related to the topic of delirium in the ICU.

Delirium

Delirium is a transient, highly variable cognitive impairment associated with attention, awareness, and thought-processing disturbances. The condition is most often associated with an existing medical problem, an infection, surgery, or drug withdrawal and is more typical in hospitalized patients, particularly those of geriatric age. In the systematic review by Lay et al. (2024), the authors aimed to assess the implementation of preventive interventions for post-operative delirium, focusing on older patients undergoing surgery with intermediate or high risk of developing the condition. They synthesized 21 randomized control trials, including interventions like cognitive training, fascia iliaca compartment block, prophylactic medications, and geriatric assessments. The review identified fascia iliaca compartment block and methylprednisolone as showing potential in decreasing postoperative delirium. However, the evidence remains limited, with most studies showing small sample sizes and inconclusive results regarding other interventions.

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One potential nursing diagnosis that can be included is a risk for
delirium
related to advanced age, multimorbidity, and pre-existing cognitive impairment. A nursing intervention that can address the occurrence of delirium in the post-operative phase is implementing a preoperative optimization plan that includes cognitive assessment, medication review, and strategies to manage comorbid conditions to mitigate risks. According to the article review by Lay et al. (2024), implementing strategies such as fascia iliaca compartment block and administering prophylactic medications such as methylprednisolone can help reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in high-risk older patients.

References

Lay, N., Foley, P., & Allen, J. (2024). The effectiveness of preoperative delirium prevention in intermediate to high‐risk older surgical patients: A systematic review.
Journal of Clinical Nursing
.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.17020
  Delirium Article Analysis Essay