Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video
FAMILY ASSESSMENT
Assessment is as essential to family therapy as it is to individual therapy. Although families often present with one person identified as the “problem,” the assessment process will help you better understand family roles and determine whether the identified problem client is in fact the root of the family’s issues.
To prepare:
Review this week’s Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide on family assessment. Be sure to review the resource on psychotherapy genograms.
Download the Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation Note Template and review the requirements of the documentation. There is also an exemplar provided with detailed guidance and examples.
View the
Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale
video in the Learning Resources and consider how you might assess the family in the case study.
THE ASSIGNMENT
Document the following for the family in the video, using the Comprehensive Evaluation Note Template:
Chief complaint
History of present illness
Past psychiatric history
Substance use history
Family psychiatric/substance use history
Psychosocial history/Developmental history
Medical history
Review of systems (ROS)
Physical assessment (if applicable)
Mental status exam
Differential diagnosis—Include a minimum of three differential diagnoses and include how you derived each diagnosis in accordance with
DSM-5-TR
diagnostic criteria
Case formulation and treatment plan
Include a psychotherapy genogram for the family
Note:
For any item you are unable to address from the video, explain how you would gather this information and why it is important for diagnosis and treatment planning.
Psychotherapy with Multiple Modalities WK2 Assignment
Subjective:
CC
(chief complaint):
The mother reports that she is experiencing a lot of pain, and she feels nobody is helping her manage the pain. Her daughter Sharleen indicates that she desires to make her mother peaceful and wants her to lower expectations and accept that life has changed. She adds that she has a feeling that her mother is holding her back from all she could be doing. The mother wants her daughters to always spend time with her and sometimes gets depressed when she is lonely. Sharleen admits that she hates spending time with her mother in the house since her mother has two dogs, which she does not like. She does not like touching the dogs or having their hair on her body. She adds that she cannot have a meal at her mother’s house since eevryting there smells like the dogs, making her uncomfortable. Sharleen complains that her mother is too quick to take action due to her high expectations. There is also a complaint that one of the siblings was raped by her biological father, which has affected her mental health. As the complaints are presented, it is noted that Patti and Sharleen are not always in common agreement, and Gonzalo Baciga is even worried about the mother and daughter.
PLACE YOUR ORDER HERE
HPI
:
The said patient is a female from Iran-America and is 40-year-old. She wants to be examined for complicated family dynamics problems regarding her children and her. Her 23-year-old daughter discussed the various issues concerning her relationship with her mother and family. They want to be evaluated for trauma-related concerns related to domestic violence caused by their father Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video. The lady admits that apart from the violence, their mother is adjusting to America’s norms, an adjustment disorder.
They admit that there is a lot of family conflict, especially with their father, who once raped one of her daughters. The significant problem is that the mother is falling ill and has undergone several surgeries on her foot. A second issue relates to the rape case by the father. The third issue is the difference in beliefs and traditions as the mother wants her children to look after her, while the children prefer employing a nursng facilty to care. Generally, the issues are unresolved and cause depression and trauma. Fumbling and enthusiasm were two visible symptoms observed during the assessments. Other signs noted include; impulsivity, hyperactivity, often repeating words, and irritability. There is no evidence of an inability to focus, possessing a short memory, or paying attention.
Past Psychiatric History
:
The mother described depressing moments in this case but did not indicate psychiatric illnesses such as depression. They disputed thoughts of suicide. Additionally, they denied having ever used illegal substances, suffering from a significant mental illness, or having insanity.
Hospitalizations:
No previous reports mentioned acute admissions for mental illness.
Psychotherapy or Previous Psychiatric Diagnosis:
There is no recorded current mental diagnosis or psychotherapeutic treatment for the patient. However, it was earlier indicated that the mother becomes depressed whenever she is lonely. Additionally, they did not mention any medicine for depression.
Substance Current Use and History:
No reported abuse of substances at the moment.
Family Psychiatric/Substance Use History:
No substance use or psychiatric is reported.
Psychosocial History:
The daughter and mother are both struggling to adjust to a new way of life. They have visited the institution for mental assessment diagnosis of any trauma disorder and adjustment disorder. Their current psychiatrist was presented, too, and participated in answering some questions related to the patients’ past issues. The mother, who is living on disability, was brought by her daughter, a school-going girl. There were no details about the girl’s school that were collected. No information was revealed concerning the daughter thought it might be important if she could report any. Unnikrishnan et al. (2021) indicate that patient information is necessary for creating a full treatment plan. The family denied both current and medical history. The assessment only revealed the mother’s surgery without mentioning its reason. It would be imperative to ask questions that would help dig deep into patients’ health histories.
Medical History:
Current Medications
: None mentioned
Allergies
: Not known
Reproductive Hx
: Not known for the children, but the mother has six children
Objective:
Review of systems (ROS)
Skin
-reported no issue
Respiratory system
– no shortness of breath, cough, or sneezing.
Cardiovascular
system- no chest pains reported
Gastrointestina
l-no constipation, abdominal pains, or diarrhea
Hematologic
– no easy bleeding or anemia
Genitourinary
-no hematuria or flank pain
Neurological
– no dizziness, headaches, ataxia, or paralysis
Endocrine system
– no polyuria, diabetes, polyphagia, or polydipsia.
Assessment:
Mental Status Examination:
The mother is an Iranian female aged 40 years, and her Americanized Iranian daughter is aged 23. Due to early and abusive marriage stress, the mother looks older than she should. The daughter looks at the mother’s stated age and seems not concerned. They are cooperating with the examiner. They are cleanly dressed, and there is no abnormal mental activity. However, they are both restless, anxious, and irritated. They deny any auditory or visual hallucinations or delusions. They have clear and loud speeches though the volume and tones are normal (Mitchell et al., 2021). Their thought process is logical, and their goals are driven.
Some evidence of fidgeting, impulsivity, excitability, and annoyance are visible, including an aggressive tone with some repetitions. When spoken to, they looked present-minded. Cognitively, they have remote and recent memories intact, normal concentration, average insight, and all attention, judgment, and abstraction unbroken (Watkins et al., 2018).
Differential Diagnoses:
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER- PTSD; ICD-10 CODE: F.43
The post-traumatic disorder can follow a traumatic experience such as a physical assault or military combat. Although stress always follows trauma, PSTD victims relieve trauma with their minds and start distancing themselves from friends and family. They also may begin experiencing prolonged anger. Individuals that have faced or experienced life-threatening events form the majority of these victims. There is no specific or fixed prevalence for the condition, for it affects both men and women, young and aged. Traumatic stress lead to physiopathological and psychoemotional consequences. PTSD is psychologically correlated with general physical impairments that alter daily life and the mind. The condition is common to those who face terror or get exposed to environmental toxins (Mitchell et al., 2021) Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video.
People who have experienced scary, shocking, and other dangerous occurrences have too fearful scars to forget the trauma they went through. Notably, 95% of individuals experience different reactions after life-threatening trauma, although most recover fully. Those who continue experiencing the trauma are diagnosed with PSTD to avoid feeling stressed or uncomfortable even when there is no danger around. Some signs of this disorder include extreme anger, fear, guilt, shame, or negative emotional thoughts.
Reflections:
From the look of this topic’s assignment, PSTD is a disorder most folks have incorrectly related. Sustainability and formation of PSTD are re-associated with many neurotransmitters. Dopamine contributes a lot to this class. Given that patients with PTSD are predisposed to obesity, these patients must understand the dangers of being overweight, which predisposes them to be chronic and acute illnesses such as diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and so on. “PTSD is related to an elevated incidence of type II diabetes mellitus,” according to the study (Watkins et al., 2018).
There is a link between PTSD and severe health difficulties throughout the lifespan. Including activities that, regardless of their results, can trigger high-risk behavior. Substance misuse, binge eating, obesity, and inappropriate/unsafe sexual conduct are all highly risky behaviors that may be engaged as a result of PTSD. It is consequently critical to teach these patients about the need for modern contraception, healthy eating habits, and physical activity (Watkins et al., 2018). Clinicians and their clients may discuss healthy patient behaviors, healthy meals, and exercises to maintain good health and prevent illnesses and consequences.
Case Formulation Treatment Plan;
PSTD victims are treated with psychotherapy, medications, or both because everyone is unique and people are affected differently; these people should be assigned an experienced manager with enough knowledge about the condition. Some victims are required to try different medications and therefore require the attention of a professional nurse practitioner. The condition tends to reoccur and needs to be treated from its root cause. The mother exhibits symptoms and signs of social skills and is aware of her worsening depressive issues.
20mg Prozac daily
15mg BID Buspar
Management of stress
Nutrition and diet specialist
Side effects of medications and their overall expectations.
References
Mitchell, J. M., Bogenschutz, M., Lilienstein, A., Harrison, C., Kleiman, S., Parker-Guilbert, K., … & Doblin, R. (2021). MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. Nature Medicine, 27(6), 1025-1033.
Unnikrishnan, R., Radha, V., & Mohan, V. (2021). Challenges Involved in Incorporating Personalised Treatment Plan as Routine Care of Patients with Diabetes. Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, 14, 327.
Watkins, L. E., Sprang, K. R., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2018). Treating PTSD: A review of evidence-based psychotherapy interventions. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 12, 258.
Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video Transcript
00:00:00
TRANSCRIPT OF VIDEO FILE:
00:00:00
_____________________________________________________________________
00:00:00
BEGIN TRANSCRIPT:
00:00:00
[music]
00:00:35
A MOTHER and A DAUGHTER:
00:00:35
A CULTURAL TALE
00:00:35
AN INTERVIEW WITH
00:00:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE, PhD
00:00:35
Produced by
00:00:35
Andrews & Clark
00:00:35
Explorations, Inc.
00:00:35
copyright 2003
00:00:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
When I’m asked to do a consultation, one
of the first things I ask is, what will be the most benefit for the
client and the therapist and in the case that you’re going to see
I’m basically asked to have a reflecting
team and what we did was first have an interview with the
therapist and the family and ask them what they will find
useful for the interview and basically to ask them about the
history of the therapy and the history of what are the kinds of things that
they have been working on. I ask the reflecting team
to come in and I instructed them to think of themselves as so let the
god mothers of the therapist, who in a way, put them, himself, or in this case
herself at risk in front of her peers and
another people. So, I wanted them, the reflecting team to address the
therapeutic system as a whole not just to address the family, I
wanted them to talk also about the therapist and to be protective
of them. I also ask the reflecting team not to
be too much of clinician, but to really react on a more
personal level around the family. I sometimes reflected on what they were saying
to clarify or to expand the idea or how I understood it
to give voice to other possibilities, but respecting the personal
peace, and then, I ask I ask the family to come back to, in a
classical way, to respond to those comments what strike them.
In the case that we watch, it seems that the family
was dealing with sort of like two forms of trauma and/or
three forms of trauma; one is, history of battering the
domestic violence, child sexual abuse, a history of
immigration that in some ways we lay it to that trauma
getting away from it and basically the mother of five children
deciding that they need to move out of the home,
but in the process leaving one behind who is later on
sexually, I mean, raped by the father. And then
at the present moment mother dealing with a
fairly traumatic illness that have her, very disable, unable
to walk and to work. So, it’s sort of like the
interview trying to address this different forms of trauma
and the way in which
the young adults are trying to make sense
of their bicultural life and
how the whole family is trying to make sense of being bicultural
and being immigrants. The session
doesn’t end with a need or incredible intervention of
my part because I feel that this is the part of the therapist
to try to decide, this is the family that’s been working this therapist for year and half. Therefore, they
have a relationship I feel that I need to respect and so
those are the basic
intercomments. So tell me how is it that you came out with the
idea of having this interview with
me?
00:04:30
Sharleen
00:04:30
Patti
00:04:30
SANDI
Okay. I’m going to go back
when Patti came in for the first time. She came in because
they were chaos at her
household.
00:04:45
Sandi – their therapist
00:04:45
SANDI
She came to this country twelve years ago
with her four children and one was left behind, her
daughter who was 10 years old at that time, eight years old at that time, was
left behind. Just two years back,
finally they were able to get her visa and she
brought her to United States. So ever since she came here
chaos was created inside the
household.
00:05:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
So I’m clear, Sharleen you
are?
00:05:25
SHARLEEN
Her daughter.
00:05:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Her daughter. And how old are you?
00:05:25
SHARLEEN
I’m 23.
00:05:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
23, and
how old are your siblings?
00:05:30
SHARLEEN
24.
00:05:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And that’s
sister or brother?
00:05:35
PATTI
Sister.
00:05:35
SHARLEEN
And then 21-year old
sister and 18-year old brother
and a 15-year old
brother.
00:05:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Okay, and which one is the one that stayed there.
00:05:50
SHARLEEN
21.
00:05:50
SANDI
21.
00:05:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
21.
Okay. All right. Okay. Go ahead, sorry.
00:05:55
SANDI
And
I met with the entire family for two
couple of sessions and she really interested and wanted to be in therapy
21, so.
00:06:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What’s her name?
00:06:10
SANDI
Shireen.
00:06:15
Shireen – the 21 year old sister
00:06:15
emigrated from Iran 2 years ago
00:06:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Okay.
00:06:15
SANDI
She
just felt that she needed the money more than coming to therapy and
she refused the entire time and mom tried to
she ask her, if she doesn’t feel comfortable with me.
She said she has had all appointments with other
therapists at this clinic, still she refused to come in, but they kept
on seeing Patti and the oldest daughter
Sheela for about a year and a half now.
Ever since then, we started working
on the chaos in the household, what is it that creating
chaos and I found out that Patti
lives with traditional ways of living,
their daughters are trying to detach
herself from Patti and grow on their own and find their own individuality.
So would ask where they have been working on
and every since then she had two surgeries.
00:07:30
Patti had surgery on both feet.
00:07:30
SANDI
Every thing is
started.
00:07:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Who had two surgeries?
00:07:35
SANDI
Patti had two surgeries
on her feet.
00:07:40
Surgery failed – she is disabled.
00:07:40
SANDI
And that created more tension,
anxiety in the
family.
00:07:50
She is in constant pain.
00:07:50
SANDI
So — and I have been seeing her
after her surgery and she has been referred to a psychiatrist
for medication because a lot of time she feels
hopeless, helpless, she feels her children are out of control,
she can’t be in charge, they no need her anymore.
So those are the
major.
00:08:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
If you were to describe
an accomplishment and you have accomplishment with the therapists during this time.
Is there something that you will say, it’s an important
accomplishment?
00:08:35
SANDI
Awareness of the difference between
individualist ways of living and collectivistic ways of living
and awareness that how they
to respect and understand the children are growing
in this country and they are going to try to detach themselves
from Patti to be able to grow on their own.
00:09:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What has been for
you this work with Sandi?
00:09:05
PATTI
She helped
me to understand the kids grow up and left the house and they have been
not to depend on them so many times and try to live my life
alone and then to take care of my things, my problem in the life
and respect them and give them their
freedom.
00:09:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you have a sense that that is sort word that has been accomplished that is more to be
done.
00:09:35
PATTI
I think I need more to be done,
I’m not done. No.
00:09:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you have of
sense of what is that you would like to do?
00:09:45
PATTI
Yeah, I’d like to learn
to lead my life alone and depend on the kids
a lot because in our custom when the parents get old and especially
when they are in my situation they can’t walk or take care of theirself, the kids are always
there for parents, but over here no, they have their own life. And
I expect them to be there all of the time for me and they can’t, matter of fact, I
had a big argument with her last night about that, I had a very bad back
for few days I was done and last night, I called her and I said come and spend a night with me and she said no, I
can’t. I said, you should and you have to and we got into a big
argument.
00:10:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
So, you are on your own right now, you’re living in your own and each of the kids
have their own place or?
00:10:35
PATTI
Three of them, two of the boys lived with me 18 and
15 years old, but the 15 years old was with her for three four days and
I was with 18 years old a lot.
I feel like they doesn’t do enough for me.
00:10:50
SHARLEEN
She makes her own plans for me, she expects me to
like to go with her and spend time with her because she is bored. I have too much to do, I can’t
unwind your boredness, find something else to do, but I have plans, I’m 24
and my world around me is happening and I need to be there, I accomplish things.
I can’t sit down and like chitchat for a whole
day.
00:11:15
PATTI
And I feel I’m depressed I cannot move, I need them to come
and visit me, spend a night with me.
00:11:20
SHARLEEN
I spend, I — out of the seven days, I saw
her for six days, I make sure, I saw her for six days out of that week.
I spent a day with a friend and I got some stuff done and she felt like I owe her something because I
didn’t spend that time with her. And she did a nice job raising us, she was a wonderful
mother, we all suffered through the good and the bad in the family like every family does,
but we have all grown up, we can’t stay in the nest
forever. I’m trying to experience life and my own good or bad, whether you
approve it or not, it’s my life.
00:11:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Sharleen, is this something that you have had a discussion,
the three of you, I mean this particular or this is not like?
00:12:00
SHARLEEN
I think, I have mentioned to her, but she takes it personal, she
doesn’t hear me out.
00:12:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Is this something that you have had conversations
with the family?
00:12:10
SANDI
Over and over, yes. Especially with the
oldest daughter Sheela, she also, being the oldest,
she feels that she has been the parentified child all
her life, she has played a role of a man for — in
her mother’s life and then the entire, I’ve seen
her for about four times right, four, five times and
she used to cry the entire time in the session.
00:12:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And I realize that you’re being very
touched by this, I mean this is not something that.
00:12:45
SHARLEEN
Yeah, it’s something that I
strive so hard to accomplish and as soon as I feel like I got her on the right
step, there she goes falling depart again asking for like, I give her
what I can and she keeps on asking for more and more and that’s not how my life
works.
00:13:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What do you right now? Are you working, studying?
00:13:05
SHARLEEN
Yeah, I
work and I’m trying to get my license. I’m trying to get accomplish things
from now.
00:13:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What kind of work are you are doing right now?
00:13:15
SHARLEEN
I just — I find promotional jobs
and then, I’m trying to get my real estate
license.
00:13:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And your
sister?
00:13:30
SHARLEEN
Sheela?
00:13:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Sheela, is she also on her own?
00:13:30
SHARLEEN
Yeah.
00:13:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
She is also working,
studying? And the 18-year old, what is he doing?
00:13:35
PATTI
He is a
student.
00:13:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
In high school?
00:13:40
PATTI
Yes.
00:13:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
So, he is finishing high school right now?
00:13:40
PATTI
Yes, this
year.
00:13:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And is he talking also about leaving home after finishing the high school or
what are his plans?
00:13:50
SHARLEEN
He is not sure yet, depends on how the family situation is
going, you know, everybody looks for happiness and peace of mind, depends like
how he feels around the home.
00:14:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
How about the 15-year old?
00:14:00
PATTI
I
have lots of problems with him, I don’t get long with him at all.
00:14:05
SHARLEEN
She has no patience.
And she takes it out on other people.
00:14:10
PATTI
Because I
can’t do anything, I walk fewer step and that’s it, I have a horrible pain
after fewer step. And I have to sit and wait for them to come and give me a glass
of water.
00:14:25
SHARLEEN
Well, the thing is I want her not to wait for us, I want her to be on her own, I want
her to learn how to like, you know there is a — you know superman lost his both feet
and he sits on a wheel chair, but he is still going on with
life.
00:14:40
PATTI
But Superman has money, somebody take care of him all of the time.
00:14:40
SHARLEEN
You have to learn how to ease your own
mind and not depend on other people. She is forty years old, if
she was 60, poor dying lady, I would be more sympathetic, just 40 years
old, there is much more for her to experience. It’s not time for her to start depending on
her children yet. We’re only in our 20s, let me live life, let me experience
and do what you can, while you can. Give it your
best.
00:15:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Sharleen, how is that you decided to come today, I mean what’s it?
00:15:10
SHARLEEN
Because
I was with her last week and they asked me to, they invited me to, so I thought maybe
you would like help as much as this is helping you.
00:15:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you have a sense that you are sort of being
representative of the other of your siblings that you are coming as a representative for all of them
in some way?
00:15:30
SHARLEEN
We are all trying to get her to be more positive and feel like
do a little step at a day, but try your best to be better,
to do a better in life. Every time I try to push her to be more
independent and not as much like do that all stuff with her that she could do on her
own, she keeps like she has a broken wing that she wants to buoy on us, after a while, it gets heavy.
You just want it off because I want to breathe and I want to experience my life. I cannot
live like a 20-year old from Iran. I have different things to experience than to sit
at home. And the thing is like I don’t feel like I can
accomplish with her when I’m at home because she is either watching TV or on the phone, which
is just like sad people around and I can’t hang out like
that.
00:16:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Besides the — your five kids and yourself, is there
anybody else in the family here who immigrated with you guys or –?
00:16:25
PATTI
I have a
cousin, but they live LA and I don’t even talk to
them.
00:16:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And so, in a way, when you
need something, basically the only thing that you feel like you can go for your
kids? When you — we’re talking about chaos,
there have been — there were some chaos about a year and half ago when we start through the work and
can you tell me little bit about what the chaos was about or what — how you define
that?
00:17:00
SANDI
Okay. I just want to mention something about
before her surgery Patti has been a very independent women
as far as working hard, single mother, raising all her
children and they are all proud of her in many ways.
When they came she did not have the health problem as far as the
pain in her feet, constant pain and feeling hopeless
and helpless. They came for a different reason was for Shireen,
because Shireen came form Iran and two weeks everything was
wonderful, they all re-united, they enjoyed, celebrated
for two weeks, and then, she started telling him about
the stories that her father abused her sexually, physically and
she was abandoned in their house.
So, that’s where the explosion, the chaos started.
Before that —
00:18:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
When you say that the chaos started, what started to happen?
00:18:05
SANDI
They were
fighting, constant fighting, screaming, yelling and cursing
each other. Before that, my understanding was that
kind of was a very peaceful way of living, am I correct in
this?
00:18:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Okay. All right, so the tension has really sky rocketed
after Sheela came back, I mean, two weeks after one, and then, he came out of that — there’s been
this –?
00:18:35
PATTI
As she came back, she was blaming me, why did you left me back home with my dad
there, he did all of those things to me. And my husband used
to tell her, you was a rotten fruit and she didn’t take you, you are a rotten one.
She took the good ones and left you behind for me.
And she was blaming me for everything.
00:18:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
When you left, you had separated from your
husband?
00:19:00
PATTI
No, we were living together my daughter had a medical problem, Sheela
and matter of fact, her, and they give me a medical visa to come here and
Sheela and Sharleen born here many years ago.
And when I went to get a Visa, they told me two of them are American
citizen, you have to take them, we cannot say no. And my boys were
four years old then 18 months old and Shireen was eight and they said, they decide
Shireen should be stayed home and make it sure I’ll will be go back. But
after I came here, my daughter didn’t have any problem any more and they were find and
I used to stay here and I decided to live here. And my husband was
keep telling me don’t come, don’t come, stay there, I will come some day and he never sent me any
money, he never did anything for us at all except sending the letter 10 pages
every single day, what to do, how to leave and how to raise the kids
and I throw them all in the trash because I didn’t had a time to read them and I didn’t had
time to practice anything he said and I ignored everything until like
six, seven years later, he just wrote a letter, I want you to be back home, you
are my wife, I order you to back home and I said, forget about you, I have my life here.
And who wants to go back to that life. And I was thrown all of the
time to bring Shireen and I couldn’t until three years ago.
Finally, she came and for couple of days, weeks everything was fine until she
started talking about every problem she had back home and
for any little mistakes she made, my husband used to beat her up and keep her outside
the house for all night and many, many things, the things he used to do to me.
And I know what she talking about and what she had to go
through, but I couldn’t do anything about it. I didn’t have the choice. When I came
here few week after, few months after I was here I called my dad and I said,
I’m worried about Shireen, I afraid to beat her and
I’m not there to protect them because I was all this over to protect the kids.
Each time he wants to beat them, I was right ahead of them and say, beat me, don’t touch
my kids, do whatever you want with me. And my dad said you
should imagine your house was in the fire, you took four of them off the fire, you left one
behind, leave her behind and take care of those four you have and I thought about it, I
thought, he is very right, absolutely right, I should take care of the four I have over here.
Why should I go back there. He would be — make
everybody miserable. I didn’t have a very good life but like she
said, we all worked together and take care of each other and like I was out
all of the time and like Sheela said, she was father of the kid, take care of the kids,
take care of the bank account, his groceries, everything. And I used to be
a care giver and save it all this and Sheela and Sharleen would stay home and take
care of the kids, two younger brother and each other. And everything was okay until
Shireen came. And then, after few months,
for a couple of years, we had a problem until, thanks god, last May she got married with somebody
behind our back.
00:22:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Who got married?
00:22:25
PATTI
Shireen,
we were on the camping three when she ran away with one of my friend’s son and got married and
she moved out the house and my house is so quiet and I enjoy
the life so much except I get so depressed because I feel hopeless and I have so
much pain and they can’t do anything about my pain, I’m always in
pain.
00:22:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
As you must have seen, when — do you work on how they make sense
of what happen to Shireen, I mean, in Iran during the time
that she was alone, was that workout with the whole family, they were some sort of
a conversation in therapy?
00:23:05
SANDI
Yes, I met, as I
remember, I met with all of them and they expressed their feelings and
shouting, yelling, everything was going on in our session. And they were
expressing, Shireen was constantly blaming the mother for all
her pain and what happened to her to lead on and a mother tried to
explain her situation, the sisters also, brothers also.
So, we had few sessions like that.
00:23:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What was
your sense of how it can — that there were some sort a resolution around that that
people were able to make sense that Patti and the kids were able to make sense
of this or?
00:23:50
SANDI
I was hoping for that, that was my really aim to
discover, explore their meanings of the situation
and.
00:24:00
PATTI
They got in fight, we couldn’t keep coming
back, I couldn’t make them to go back as a family.
00:24:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Is it still something that is very hard to
talk about or not?
00:24:10
PATTI
About the rape you mean?
00:24:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah?
00:24:10
PATTI
What
do you think?
00:24:15
SHARLEEN
Well, I’m not very worried about, I mean, it’s affecting
her life and I feel sorry for her, but I try not to think about
it.
00:24:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And do you have the sense that that’s what anybody else in the
family tries to do that tries hard so they doesn’t affect?
00:24:30
SHARLEEN
Because we already did
our crying over it and I’m over it, I’m ready to move on
about it.
00:24:40
PATTI
It’s like when somebody die, you grieve for it.
When I heard about it, I was crying and crying and crying for months and months, and then later
on, it’s something you can’t do any thing about this, something happened, what am I going to do about it.
I tried to take her to counseling, I take her to Iranian psychologist, 200 dollars an hour.
And she would then go back, then what can I
do. And I think I’m
over with it, I feel sorry for her, but what can I do. My older son
doesn’t want to talk to this, his dad, nobody wants to contact him or have any
relationship or any thing to —
00:25:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Has he acknowledged that he
did rape her?
00:25:25
PATTI
I told him once, and he will start cursing at me and I hang up. I said, I
pay a dollar fifty a minute, I don’t want to hear your cursing. I want to see what’s going on, what
happened and you tell me if it happened or not and will start cursing and
I hang up. And after that, I never called back, and he is remarried, he married
to Iris after Shireen came, during the three years, he got married twice
and he has moved on with his
life.
00:25:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Is there any, I mean, is there
a way in which you think, I mean you, Sharleen
and maybe some of your siblings, but just from your perspective, is
there where you think about how the relationship with your mom should be, is it — do
you have a dream for how?
00:26:15
SHARLEEN
Yeah, I just wanted her to be more peaceful. I want her to
lower her expectations and to accept a lot of things about
life.
00:26:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What do you mean lower expectations, what?
00:26:25
SHARLEEN
Not to expect so much from
people, not to — I think what she does is, she thinks of an idea and she reacts on it so
so quick without she calming herself down before she like takes the
reaction.
00:26:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you have a sense that your mom thinks that you can do more than
what you can actually do?
00:26:45
SHARLEEN
I have a sense that she is holding me back from doing all that I could be doing
and as soon as I could get excited about her, every time I give her little bit of hope,
there she goes back expecting more, and then, getting angry at. She has some thoughts
then she is so hang up that these thoughts are like so true and she gets
angry about them and she hold on to them, then she accuses people and all they are
her thoughts in her mind. And I just ask her to leave them alone, let people be and
everything is going to — just then it’s going to take its course.
00:27:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Am I trying to tell you, if
you were to think about how your ambition, how you see it in the future, the relation
how do you see it? I mean, if you were to move
in a way the direction that you want it to move, how many times do you see yourself
beside in her or interacting with her?
00:27:35
SHARLEEN
I speak to her every
day, I mean almost everyday.
00:27:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
But again, I’m asking you more about —
00:27:40
SHARLEEN
Like in the
future, yeah, I just want her to like be more calm about
like life so that I could like through her better. So that when I do spend time with
her that I could enjoy it better instead of her frightening my other siblings or telling me about how
so and so, this and that and this and that. I just want her to be more calm
so we could just enjoy the moment when we hang out, rather than like.
00:28:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What kinds of things do you enjoy
with her in the moment?
00:28:10
SHARLEEN
I try to tell her about my ideas, how she is
like be more relaxed and not — you know same things.
00:28:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Patti, how do
you ambition the relationship with your daughter?
00:28:20
PATTI
I saw her on Sunday, Sunday night
and Sunday night, I went to visit my older daughter and she was aware that I took
the dinner for them. And after I laid down fully at my daughter,
older daughter house, I couldn’t get up, they pulled me and took me to the car and I came home.
I didn’t see her until yesterday afternoon and I said, I have been done with my bag.
I just want them to spend time with me. I’m lonely, I get depressed when I’m lonely.
If she had a job, if she was working like the other people, I would understand
she is working everyday like my older daughter, she go to her school, she work, I understand she doesn’t
have a time, but I know she has time and I expect her to come and spend the time. And I
said, I gave you whatever you want, whatever I have in the house like furniture, this
and that, anything she said, mom can I have this? Sure, honey, doesn’t matter you
or me, you can have it. And when I’m like that with you, I expect you to do
something for me too.
00:29:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Patti, I understand how
also you are feeling upset about this, about
and I know that the question I’m asking is hard, I mean, how do
ambition the relationship with Sharleen? What will you like to happen
in the future?
00:29:40
PATTI
Between me and her? I want her to
just spend time with me whenever she can.
00:29:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What kind of time for instance would you like to –?
00:29:45
PATTI
She
come and stay at my house because she knows I cannot live with two boys and go to her house.
She most of the time ask me to come and stay at my house, but when I go to her house
and I spend over there, I’m worried about 18 years old I have at
home.
00:30:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And do you have a sense of how many times,
how many nights that you would like her to spend with you in your home?
00:30:10
PATTI
Once a week is good
if she come and stay the day or night, once a week with me is fine, but
when she come like one hour, half hour, she is for example, going to go see so and so
to keep a board work, she will stop at my house to have a drink the water or say, hi mother, how
are you?
00:30:30
SHARLEEN
Two, three hours?
00:30:30
PATTI
That’s not a visit for me, I wanted to come with me and
spend the time with me and stay with me that day.
00:30:35
SHARLEEN
When I go over there, she is either on the phone or she is
watching TV, I’m very, very uncomfortable in her house like
to where I cannot stand sitting down because she has two dogs around and I don’t like those
things. I don’t like the hair on my body. When I touch an animal, I wash my hands before I eat.
She has two dogs, there is dog here on the couch, dog here on the floor, dog here on
the chairs, there is dogs all around. I don’t want to eat anything because the dishes smell like dogs,
I’m not comfortable. I don’t enjoy that, it’s not pleasant to me. I
could only do it so much at a time. I express that to her, you have dogs, I can’t
eat either your dishes. That’s my culture, that’s how I was brought up and I thought
that’s how she was brought up. So, she surprises me when she does these things, she makes the family
unhappy because nobody wants to see dogs, it smells like dogs in her house.
00:31:25
PATTI
How come you don’t
do the other things, you grow up and have a cold chill like, that’s just the only
thing you know.
00:31:35
SHARLEEN
I don’t — I cannot stand it, I cannot stand it.
00:31:35
PATTI
And they give me so much happiness, they make me so happy,
I love them so much.
00:31:40
SHARLEEN
I don’t like it.
00:31:40
PATTI
And I never ever going to get rid of
them.
00:31:45
SHARLEEN
I don’t like it, don’t ask me to sleep in the pillow, it’s that the dogs stinks.
00:31:45
PATTI
Actually, you know
we have a guest room, the dogs doesn’t in that room.
00:31:50
SHARLEEN
I cannot sleep in motels, I cannot use
other people’s bed, I cannot sleep with dogs, I cannot do these things.
00:31:55
PATTI
You know that bed
brand new and you know the sheets and everything brand new in the guest room and you know that that door is
closed.
00:32:05
SHARLEEN
I’m not enjoying it, I cannot eat breakfast, when I’m thirsty I can’t drink water there.
00:32:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Let me ask you, is this the kind of
sometimes the — where the discussions go?
00:32:10
SHARLEEN
Yeah.
00:32:10
GONZALO BACIGA
And if I were
to let you go over the discussion where will it end, one of you will leave the room
or –?
00:32:20
SHARLEEN
I will start screaming.
00:32:20
PATTI
Screaming, yeah.
00:32:20
SHARLEEN
And disrespecting and calling
names.
00:32:25
PATTI
I do.
00:32:25
SHARLEEN
At this stage, I don’t —
00:32:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And you would be like, I don’t want to see you, I don’t want to talk to you
anymore.
00:32:30
SHARLEEN
I’m trying to become a woman, I’m trying to became a lady.
And when I go to her house, she treats me disrespectfully like that about her dogs, she would curse
me out and I just feel, oh, what a mother.
00:32:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Would you say both of
you that you would like that not to happen that you will not get into this.
00:32:45
PATTI
Of course
I love them.
00:32:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you sometimes dream with, been able to relate
to each other without having to get into this.
00:32:55
SHARLEEN
Of course, I
do.
00:33:00
PATTI
I feel even we argue, we still love each other and I feel
like, they are my kids, they will be still here for me if I need
them really. And they have been until sometimes lately.
00:33:10
SHARLEEN
I
just want her to appreciate and not to expect and expect just like take what
people give you and just be happy.
00:33:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
We’re going to stop a little bit
now.
00:33:25
Reflecting Team Enters
00:33:25
Isaac
00:33:25
ISAAC
I’m Isaac and
I really resonated with Sharleen.
I come from, well my parents emigrated
here.
00:33:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Where your parents came from?
00:33:40
ISAAC
Korea, and I was
born in the States, but there are still this cultural tension
that we experienced within our family. And so when she was talking
about the difference of cultures and who she is
and there was a little bit of disparity between
her Iranian culture and the American cultures in her life and I
experienced that in my life too. So, I really understood that and I thought, you know
what? I’m not the only one that went through that. And if I’m not the only one then she is not the only
one either, so something that I guess happens in a
culture of people when they immigrate into
another country.
00:34:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
How old were you when you immigrated?
00:34:30
ISAAC
I was born here.
00:34:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
You were born
here, but still —
00:34:35
ISAAC
My parents, my parents moved here. When they were
in their mid-20s, they moved here. And then I was born and
shortly after they moved here. And so there was a been influence
there.
00:34:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
All right, cool.
00:34:50
Roberta
00:34:50
ROBERTA
My name is Roberta and these things
really struck out with me because I have seen Patti before. I have been on
the reflecting team. And I’m amazed at the difference in her, how much younger she looks
and more vibrant than the last month I had seen her. So, I was very impressed
by her change. Another thing that just really struck out from me was
when Sharleen was talking about what she didn’t want to do, and then, Patti
talked about when her husband had sent her the letters and said, come home
and Patti didn’t want to go home and it was almost like it was the same conversation, only held with different
people. And I thought that was rather interesting that they are both having the same
things happen in their life at different times, but they both wanted their independence.
And I saw that realistic out from me, so that was very
interesting.
00:35:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah, it’s interesting, I was — I don’t know if it’s the same you are saying, but
how can you have your independence, but at the same time, still
stay connected? It’s a hard one.
00:35:55
ROBERTA
And they are fighting to
stay connected.
00:36:00
Dorothy
00:36:00
DOROTHY
First of all, I’m really impressed
with Sandi, the therapist and working with this family and having the care and the
love that it concerns between all of them, including Sandi
as a therapist. And I really
relate it to Patti because I have six children and I watched them one leave one at a time and so I know
what that feels like.
00:36:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What it feels like?
00:36:25
DOROTHY
Well, it is — it feels
like a tragedy really each time. There
is always, there’s something to deal with because it’s a grieving, you are letting go.
You are letting go and I really relate it to her on that level,
completely, but I didn’t have the kind of real
tragedies to deal with that Patti has had to deal with, in addition to
this letting go, okay. She has had the, well, the disability
to deal with in the pain, the constant pain that she deals with
and also then the tragedy in her daughter’s life and what must come up for
a mother in dealing with that. I mean, unavoidable in the situation, of course, but still
she was dealing with that. At the same time, with all of this other
emotional stuff that I know about. So, I just have a lot of respect
for her and I noticed that she has done a good
job with her children. How wise Sharleen is
for a age, very wise, so.
00:37:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
In a way,
Roberta?
00:37:40
DOROTHY
Dorothy.
00:37:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Dorothy, in a way it is if it’s
Sharleen’s need for independence is in a way due to
her mom’s wanting her to be independent to
and sort of like I mean she has to get it from somewhere right?
00:37:55
DOROTHY
Yes.
00:37:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah.
00:37:55
Amber
00:37:55
AMBER
Yeah
that was a kind of a question I had. Well, what were Patti’s dreams for her children in
making this enormous transition from Iran, right.
00:38:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah.
00:38:05
AMBER
To
the States, this huge transition, I mean, there must have been a dream, some purpose that was bringing
her over here, and I was really curious what her thoughts back, I guess, 20 years
ago or something like that. And I loved Sharleen’s metaphor
of the birds, the wings feeling, really weighing her down right
now.
00:38:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And at the same the time, the wings are supposed to be as somewhat
you fly on. Yeah.
00:38:35
AMBER
Yeah. And so at that kind tied into my thoughts about what were Patti’s
dreams for her — duckling in a way. I
do not just kind of rambling thoughts about duckling is calling around and the infant
their mom and their mind they follow her around forever even when they grow up, but they do
eventually gained some distance more than they
had.
00:39:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Maybe one comment, so maybe you want to say something else, I mean, maybe there is a couple of
burning comments that people want to —
00:39:05
ISAAC
I know the
family really loves each other.
Even if they argue, you see that there is a sense of care
and compassion there for each other and I don’t think that.
00:39:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And in that sense, it must be very
frustrating to get into this stuff, it’s like.
00:39:25
ISAAC
Oh yeah, absolutely.
00:39:25
AMBER
Yeah
Patti made that comment. Even when we are fighting, I know we love each other.
00:39:30
ISAAC
I said they’re
going, you know, that’s exactly right, when she said that and
even though, Sharleen is — it seems like it’s little
bit tough love going on, on behalf — from Sharleen’s part of she representing
all the kids, from kids towards their mom, and saying, mom, they love you, but
we want you to be able to function on your own
and I don’t know how that kind of fits in with everybody.
00:40:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah.
I was wondering what it is for a kid even if it’s an adult, I
mean and clearly these are — kids were becoming adults
I mean, Sharleen put it very well. But it must be really hard
to see your mom becoming a little bit, you know sometimes like
a kid to, I mean, that they need to take care of so soon.
00:40:25
ISAAC
Yeah.
00:40:25
ROBERTA
And
she made that comment if she was older it would be different, but she is younger.
And I don’t think they expected, I imagine she is torn
with wanting to live her own life and wanting to take care of her mom, I’m sure she is struggling
deeply.
00:40:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Any of you thinking as a therapist, putting yourself in
Sandi’s shoes and anything that
you may think that Sandi is having to deal with or some dilemma that she may be
struggling with?
00:41:00
ROBERTA
What I felt for Sandi, because I think this must be
very difficult for her also to, because the families seems
even though they have said they have grown and they have made changes that they are almost stuck on that
and I imagine Sandi is probably having a hard time getting over that
stuckness, and so that’s what I see Sandi probably struggling with.
It’s just being stuck and where do I go from here, where do I take the family from
here?
00:41:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I was wondering, I mean, and the reason I guess I had a self-interest in asking because I was
wondering and wanted to check with you guys, I mean, since she’s also from Iran
I mean, people might think that she is more of an expert on this family. And
of course, there are things that have to do with being from Iran. Also, the things that probably have to do
with being an immigrant, but also there is some tragic things that have happened in this family and
that you know, so I wonder how she at
sometimes might feel like not necessary knowing what to do and
while at the same time, feeling very well connected with this family.
00:42:05
AMBER
Oh I think she
is.
00:42:10
ROBERTA
She shows she’s well connected with that.
00:42:10
DOROTHY
Oh yeah. And it must be very frustrating
because how do you improve the quality of life
for Patti, especially for the family in general, I mean, it must be very frustrating.
I mean, what concrete steps do to
take.
00:42:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Okay. Alright. Thank
you.
00:42:35
Family & Sandi Return
00:42:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I generally ask after this, we call this
is a reflecting team, if you had any reactions, any thoughts
or — and you don’t need to address everything that was — I mean,
anything that strike you?
00:42:50
SANDI
For me, I really
felt that
they hit — they touched the right sensitive part as
far as being stuck, I’m always thinking okay, what else, what
can I do to really — what can I, I
come with ideas of goal setting, achieving goals, and
trying to figure out what else can I do, so the family
can —
00:43:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Move forward.
00:43:25
SANDI
Move forward.
00:43:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Patti, did you, of
what, all what you heard, there was something that struck you something new
or interesting or –?
00:43:35
PATTI
Nothing,
they just talk about discipline on this — think you were asking me about Shireen, how
do I feel and I told you I have been grieved and it’s over, but I was
thinking about, it’s always in my head.
I don’t think I never going to forget it. It’s always
in my head and sometimes I feel like, maybe
if I was there, it wouldn’t happen and then I think about
rest of them, what could have happened to the rest of them, maybe if I’d take them all, what would be happened
to all of them.
So, I don’t know.
00:44:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you move back and forth between that. Sharleen
how about you, anything that strike you as?
00:44:25
SHARLEEN
Oh pretty much everything
everybody said was really interesting to hear about.
00:44:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Anything in particular
that?
00:44:35
SHARLEEN
I don’t think so.
00:44:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
You don’t think so.
Is there a
movement and this is something that it’s like you
have been working for a year and a half, you have been going through
some very difficult stuff.
Do you see yourselves and
maybe you can imagine your siblings thinking about this.
Having other, so like very difficult conversations
therapy, I mean do you see yourselves having to
deal with tough issues? Or will you say that this is the worst
so to speak?
00:45:25
PATTI
This is the worst. Just argue
with them because I love them and I don’t want to argue with them. I want them to have
a good life and get married and move on with their life and I see them happy in their
life.
00:45:40
SHARLEEN
And sometimes she wants to choose our happiness
for us, and that’s not going to work out here.
00:45:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Tell me how that works, I mean, you guys are —
00:45:45
SHARLEEN
She wants
to like choose our friends or choose where I hang out or boyfriends
or husbands.
00:45:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And she probably gave up already.
00:45:55
SHARLEEN
No, no.
That’s the thing.
00:46:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
You really think that’s not the —
00:46:00
SHARLEEN
No, that’s the thing, she hasn’t given up.
00:46:00
PATTI
I was
supposed to.
00:46:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
She hasn’t given up?
00:46:05
SHARLEEN
No.
00:46:05
PATTI
I was 14 when my parents chose my husband for me and
I got married. And he was a nightmare, he was a man from hell, I think, sometimes.
But I hate to say that especially in front of the boys, but
he was. But the thing is sometimes I think is not fair what happened
to me, I do it to them, but sometimes, I feel like if I don’t get involved they don’t
know what to do.
00:46:30
SHARLEEN
She doesn’t leave things alone like if the water is all calm, she
has to drop a rock. She doesn’t let things be.
00:46:35
PATTI
I see
there are good looking guys, I keep telling them, look at him, he is cute, look at him, get
close to him or something like that, I want them to get
married.
00:46:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
But in a way you gave up the notion that you’re going to have to choose.
00:46:50
PATTI
Not they
choose, yes.
00:46:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
A boy I mean, for them?
00:46:55
PATTI
Choose, yes, I don’t want to choose her husband.
00:46:55
SHARLEEN
Sometimes
I feel like she suffocates us with her opinions
and her thoughts and her beliefs.
00:47:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Tell me about an opinion lately.
00:47:05
SHARLEEN
I mean, they
are nice, but.
00:47:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Some of the opinion that really —
00:47:10
SHARLEEN
They make sense, but they make sense to you, not everybody has to go along
with what you thing is the best way to do things. And she feels like, if
you want to be a winner, you have to do it her way.
00:47:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Who is the more opinionated
at home? I mean, she has a strong opinion, but who
else?
00:47:30
SHARLEEN
I think we all are that’s why we don’t get along. Everybody has an input.
00:47:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And
do you have a strong opinion of how your mom should behave, do you
see –?
00:47:40
SHARLEEN
Yeah, I just wish she should be more calm, and what just she acts, so.
00:47:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Is
there any space in this, which I mean, you did say that before that you have the dream that
things were, that you were more calm, so that you could relate with her in a different level.
Is there some space for her not be so calm?
00:47:55
SHARLEEN
I
mean, her house is what she creates for herself, to be calm or not be calm right.
00:48:00
PATTI
Sharleen, and most
of the time you guys come over there even with my bad fit dinner is ready, lunch is
is ready.
00:48:10
SHARLEEN
Yeah.
00:48:10
PATTI
We sit, talk and have fun, but sometimes like
well, yesterday when I asked you to spend time with me you said, not it was an argument.
00:48:15
SHARLEEN
I can’t, I had
plans.
00:48:20
PATTI
And most of the time they come over there and they have fun.
00:48:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
But aren’t you —
00:48:20
PATTI
It’s
not always fun.
00:48:25
SHARLEEN
Of course.
00:48:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Are you willing to
allow for your kids to sometimes not to respond to your demand
of what you want, I mean, is there sometimes some voice in you says,
you know, maybe I know I will like that, but it doesn’t make sense again.
00:48:40
PATTI
I do.
You should have seen me before.
00:48:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Tell me about that.
00:48:45
PATTI
No, honest, I used to want them to be there all
of the time, but not now.
00:48:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I like your sense of humor actually.
00:48:50
PATTI
Thank you.
No, honest I used to be to be want them to be there all of the time.
00:48:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Ah, ha. So, now you want them
sometimes, not all the time.
00:49:00
PATTI
Like when they moved out, the first one moved out, I want her
to call every.
00:49:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
You were crazy.
00:49:05
PATTI
Every hour, every hour, tell me what is going on, where is she going, what’s
she doing and everything. Now, I changed a lot. Thanks
to Sandi, I give them lots of freedom and space and I let them to choose what they
should do and give them lots of freedom, don’t I?
00:49:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Have you been looking for boys for
her.
00:49:25
SHARLEEN
Nobody remind her
too.
00:49:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Won’t you remind her to look for boys for you.
00:49:30
SHARLEEN
Yeah, too much.
00:49:30
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
So
sometimes, I mean, in a way you’re seeing the changes, but sometimes you get as obnoxious
about it.
00:49:40
SHARLEEN
No, sometimes I just give up on her because I feel like, I don’t know how to get through
her.
00:49:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Patti, let me switch a little a bit, because she said something that you probably guys can
sort of like talk and addressing therapy. If you were not
having this pain and you were not having this serious difficulty to walk,
which is in a way sort of like a new member in the family, I mean, is a new
situation I guess for you, it was not there. How — what
would you be doing?
00:50:10
PATTI
I was working first of all.
00:50:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What were you doing?
00:50:10
PATTI
I was
caregiver and I have told you. And —
00:50:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Oh I’m sorry.
00:50:15
PATTI
I was a caregiver and
I would be working 8, 12 hours a day and sometimes when I was
off during the weekend I was shopping at the mall. When I go to a store I see, for example, meat are on sale
I buy them all meats whatever it’s out there like, call her, I bought
you meat, it’s awesome, it was all sometime I get it. Do things for them all.
00:50:35
SHARLEEN
And that’s not
right, because she is not letting us grow up and have responsibility, she wants to do things, these things for us and
she —
00:50:45
PATTI
Who said it is not right?
00:50:45
SHARLEEN
She doesn’t understand.
00:50:45
PATTI
Even if I don’t call and still you come and take it from the freezer.
00:50:45
SHARLEEN
Mom, the thing
I’m trying to — she cooks everyday as she delivers it to my sister’s food — house everyday.
I tell her let her learn on her own, you do things for yourself, go for — don’t
meat stuff, go for a massage, go for this and that, clean your room if you are bored.
Learn how to read and write if you are bored, do something else, stop involving
your plans so much around your children, find other hobbies, find other things to entertain your
life with.
00:51:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What other things that she does for you or your siblings
you will like her to continue
doing?
00:51:25
SHARLEEN
Be the same mother that she has always been, but just not expect so much because she gives, and
then, she expects so much back in return, her expectations are
too high.
00:51:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
So you will like her to continue cooking and doing the things?
00:51:35
SHARLEEN
Once in a while.
Once in — don’t make it like, it’s a family ritual every week. Let
it — let us — treat us like we have grown up and are out and doing
our own life because that’s how it actually is. It’s just too much sometimes.
I feel like, if it wasn’t because of my involvement with — so
much of my energy involved with her, I would have probably take off to Europe
for six months, work out there, do something, I would have a free mind to decide for myself, what
to do for like a summer time.
00:52:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Do you have a sense that your mom
may think that if she doesn’t do those things, that she would be thinking that she is sort of like
neglecting with you guys?
00:52:20
SHARLEEN
Yeah, she would feel like she has left us alone, that’s just her habit or how
she grew up, her mom probably that these things.
00:52:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
The time I will report her to
child protector servants and doing the stuff.
00:52:30
SHARLEEN
I don’t know about it, but she feels like
she’s being the best mom.
00:52:35
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Are you ever thought about reporting her for, I mean for —
00:52:35
SANDI
For
great mom.
00:52:40
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
For actually, no, for letting them be their — do their
things.
00:52:45
SANDI
On their own.
00:52:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Yeah. And have you thought about you could be reported, if you let them to be more independent
or–?
00:52:50
PATTI
No, not.
00:52:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I mean I never thought that in
a way, I mean, negligence can be different.
00:52:55
PATTI
I’d tell they love that.
00:52:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I was wondering if what
it seems to bother you is not so much what she may do or what she may
expect after she does it?
00:53:05
SHARLEEN
I feel like I give her an inch and then she expects a mile.
I give her like, I try to please her and please her let’s say, three days in a row, and she gets overexcited, then
she thinks like it’s a shopping for everyday.
00:53:15
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What are you thinking Patti when you hear that?
I mean, you are not getting angry at this point, you were so like maybe she has a
point.
00:53:25
PATTI
No, I will call her and I leave her home, but no.
00:53:25
SHARLEEN
It’s really that’s how she things then, then I try to —
00:53:25
PATTI
I swear to god, I will not call her.
00:53:25
SHARLEEN
See,
that’s —
00:53:30
PATTI
I will not contact her and just leave her alone from now.
00:53:30
SHARLEEN
She’s. I try to explain a point to
her.
00:53:35
PATTI
No that’s not the point.,
00:53:35
SHARLEEN
Then she feels this way, I’m here to like, you know I feel.
00:53:35
PATTI
I will give you the space as much
as you want.
00:53:40
SHARLEEN
That’s how she feels and I feel like sometimes she’s like so in her zoom
box that she’s not willing to like let them down.
00:53:45
PATTI
As a mother, how old your kids get
then you see them like they are catching the fire, you want to grab them and not let them
burn theirself.
00:53:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Your kids are going to be your kids.
00:53:55
SHARLEEN
Yeah, but you can’t interfere.
00:53:55
PATTI
It doesn’t matter how old they get, I want
to go take them, especially because I had that abuser husband, I don’t want she
marry somebody abuser.
00:54:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Let me — we are going to have to stop very soon and I was wondering
Sandi, do you sometimes, in the sessions struggle with helping them
to feed out how to negotiate these things.
00:54:15
SANDI
I do
constantly.
00:54:20
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And do you have a sense that that
is sort of like that the struggle is that you know the man for mom
to be more balanced, less the man they know or
whatever, or controlling or intuitive or whatever the way
the kids may see it, or the way Patti see it as, you know, this is the way
I understand being a mother and this is the way I do things and this is when I want to take care of them.
How each put the other one in sort of
like a paradox, it’s like, love me, don’t
love me kind of thing, you know.
00:55:00
SANDI
Right, exactly.
00:55:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
It’s care for me, but don’t care for me.
It’s how to find that.
00:55:05
SANDI
Right.
00:55:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
That balance I guess.
00:55:05
SANDI
Exactly.
I have been focusing on more
negotiation between them, and how they can
compromise as far as what makes
Patti happy and what makes the children happy. As for one big issue
with Patti is the way they cloth also, the way they
choose their clothing, that is another big issue. She is not
happy with some of this stuff that you be talked
about this before. So constantly I’m trying to balance
between our way of living back home and our way
of living over here, and by negotiation and
compromise.
00:56:00
PATTI
It’s mostly Shireen, the way she cloth, I don’t like it at all, I cannot even
stand to look at her. I will have to steal it and throw it
into trash can.
00:56:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Although, you know here you — it’s interesting because in a
way here, you know in the stage you might seem like very conservative around it, but if you were to be Iran
with all of the kids, you’ll be considered sort of like the revolutionary and almost hang you for allowing
your kids to wear the clothing they are wearing right?
00:56:25
SANDI
Exactly.
00:56:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
And that’s
that although, I don’t know how — although you are here,
you saw you feel like you are there in some way, I mean, you carry your culture around
is about you.
00:56:40
PATTI
What do you suggest for
me?
00:56:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
What do I suggest for you? I don’t know.
00:56:45
PATTI
Leave them
alone.
00:56:50
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
You cannot leave them alone. Right.
But let me — I don’t think that you can leave them alone.
00:56:55
PATTI
I’ll try it.
00:56:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
But at the same time, I
think that you need to add another something that you need to do,
I mean, I don’t think that you can leave them.
00:57:05
SHARLEEN
Yeah, find something to do.
00:57:05
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I don’t know.
00:57:05
SHARLEEN
For real, find something to
do.
00:57:10
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I don’t think that you can leave them alone. I think that you’re still going to be concerned about them.
I mean it’s impossible for you, what impress me and this is something that coming to terms
with what is happening to you and your body, it’s not an easy task, I
mean, definitely it’s — it must be really, really, really hard, and how to have
other people who can be a resource. I mean, you were having that conversation right now, how
you can have other people who can be resourced
to help you with that, I mean, that’s something that I think that should really be having conversation, the two of
you.
00:57:45
SANDI
Yeah.
00:57:45
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
About what kinds of resources you can use besides
you know, getting some help from your kids. I mean, because there are some things that your kids not able to do
to help you with dealing with this pain and you know you were talking about your
weight and how to heal this and on and on.
I mean, this is sort of like a new adjustment. And before you were dealing something to happen
in the past that came to visit during the present, you were happy a year and a half, you have always
that sort of suddenly you were faced with this very traumatic
event, series of events I, mean, what happened to you before you came here from what I understand
was very traumatic. And sort of like now you are
face something that is very traumatic. I mean, how do you deal with this
excruciating pain, difficulty, I mean, how can you be able to walk in your own
and having to — I mean, that’s — I find it very dramatic.
It’s sort of like given up something, and you cannot just run away to another culture
to run away from this pain. I mean, and clearly, you’re going to have to join something to
be able to be aware, I mean, join, I don’t know exactly what, because
that’s something that you probably know more about.
00:59:00
SANDI
We’ve been exploring different options
as far as resources. Patti came up and you came up with weight watchers
idea. And she said, that’s some place I can join
and it makes me feel good and I said, okay, then you are benefiting
so many ways, your health, your weight and also the
psychologically you are benefiting from that.
00:59:25
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Hope this was somehow helpful.
And we don’t have more time. I’m really
privileged for having you coming to the interview with someone you do not know
anything about. I’m going to still thinking about this as I watch the video tape and I watch
where we and I also would feel that there are things that maybe I didn’t ask, but
that you would have asked and I would just share them with you. Alright, because I think that you guys
said so much and shared so much with us. Alright. So, thank you.
00:59:55
SANDI
Thank you.
00:59:55
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
Thank
you.
01:00:00
SANDI
Thank you.
01:00:00
Family & Sandi Return
01:00:00
Epilogue
01:00:00
&
01:00:00
Afterthoughts
01:00:00
GONZALO BACIGALUPE
I’m going
to comment on some themes that had
to with the interview per se with the family, the reflecting
team for some conceptual ideas that I think that maybe important for people to
know, and also to reflect on my own thinking
as I was doing the interview and also about some of the things that I may have missed
after having done the interview and having seen watch the video tape a couple of
times. One of the things that I did not is in the case,
in the Sandi’s case is
how difficult it is for the reflecting team
to react personally sometimes, but unknowingly to a family
but to react to the overall therapeutic system although I may have emphasized that
I find that sometimes it’s hard for therapists to think about the therapy
system and not just the family. We are trying to observe
the family and not to observe as interacting with the family
and because it’s so compelling sometimes the story of the client, but
I find that it is helpful to think about the relationship between the
therapist and the family and some of the isomorphisms that happened there to understand what is happening
in the family. In this case, one of the things that we
find is that trauma occurs, I mean, at various levels. On the
one side, you have the survival story, which is also at the same time a traumatic story.
That is the husband, the father and
the husband in this family will seem to have been very abusive
towards his wife and the mother and towards the children.
And that isn’t itself fairly traumatic. And
then the survival story is leaving him and coming to the United States.
And then, the second peace of this traumatic story is
for the children to come to terms and for the mother to come to terms with having left
one of the children in the home country.
The other peace of the trauma is in itself the story of survival
becomes — could become story of trauma as this family come
and immigrate the United States. In the interview, we didn’t explore
in detail the immigration story, we have enough time, because in some way, the
conflict between the
children and the mother, particularly one child and the mother, adult child
takes over in terms of the interview, in terms of what becomes figure.
And so, and then, as we — as that conversation moves along
we’re moving to knowing little bit about acknowledging the trauma
of coming to terms with the illness for mother.
One of the things I did, I do in first interview of course, is
to know who is in the family and try to build a basic genogram and
that’s what I find myself doing in the first part of the interview. And also
talking about how is it that they decide to come for a consultation.
Conceptually a theme that I saw was interesting in this interview is the idea of leaving home,
how is that this girl is struggling with
independence, how mother is struggling with this independence. And how
they are both in some ways struggling with the idea of dependence
and independence and basically struggling with different notions of what it
means to be independent or be dependent. And I would add
that a lot of this course that is struggling with is that this course of
how our society tends to see the kids
leaving home, and tends to in some way, see independence
as more important than dependence and work a lot around those polarities
between dependents and independence rather think in terms of interdependence.
And particularly now that they have to negotiate how
mother is going to taking care by the children since she is getting ill.
One of the things that I didn’t address in the interview is how the therapist define
this process as detachment and I never addressed
this idea of detachment, which is in itself, part of the process
thinking about independence as separation rather than as joining.
And it could have been, I think, I saw there was a last opportunity to talk about
the therapist understanding of this process, since she understood it as
detachment. One of the things that I
also found myself doing a lot of was listening to the mother’s situation to the facts
and the daughter, while they were showing some of the tension that existed
between the two of them. And at the same
time, as the competition evolve, I do acknowledge the emotional climate
and how is it that in particular, the daughter is feeling
in the session and at certain moment, she is very upset and sad and angry.
And I knowledge that and maybe I too have acknowledged a little bit more
mother’s emotional stands.
One of the things that I didn’t also
address that that doesn’t seem that the therapists could address later on
is, how is that the daughter seems to know more about what’s going on with the siblings and
to really validate her concern for the family in that way
that in someway, she is being very protective of her mother as she takes
care of the siblings. Another concern of mine and
I think that I might have done that during the interview, was to
always bring forth the voices of those who are present and
those who are being represented in this case how, she, the
daughter will represent the voices of the siblings.
And another aspect of the interview includes how is it that I ask about
social support and where is the family, what are the connections
they have, and at the beginning, I ask about, is there is anybody else
who immigrated with them and — or who is his close by as a
relative. And at the end of the interview, I again suggest the possibility
of thinking about social support, thinking of friends or other professionals
or paraprofessionals who might provide support in particular around the new needs
that mother, that the adult have right now
in terms of the illness. The peace that was present in the session
is this notion of agency. Although someone might have
gone through a very traumatic period, I
try to highlight the process of survival of overcoming
that particular period and to think in terms of the future.
And then think in terms of ambition and different kind of relationship
and a couple of times in the interview I ask
the mother and daughter to ambition how do they ambition in different
kind of relationship. In the interviews, you can observe, and this is
I think, basic in the collaborative approach, I often
ask how — I mean, I check with the therapist
and the clients around issues of how is this conversation
moving, if this conversation were to continue
this way, where will they go, and I ask the therapist
to hypothesize what would happen if they were to continue talking
in a particular way. During the reflecting theme, the
basic conversation was around the dependence,
independence and interdependence. And what I found very
interesting is, how is it that the different
place in the reflecting theme we’re able to understand the immigrant experience and the big cultural
aspects of this family. And
another piece that I saw that was important is to sort of like understand
what it is to
become more independent of your own parent while at the same time, coming to term with the notion
that they would have — you would have to take care of your own parent, although this is in a very — at a
early time, earlier than the usual. During the reflecting
time, I thought to myself, I was reminded
of how being close
to the family coming from the same background,
in this case, the therapist being also of some of from Iran may not necessarily
ensure your success from a multi-cultural perspective.
Although the relationship with the client maybe a very positive one and may not necessarily
ensure the success and
in that sense, the value of bringing the reflecting with very different
voices. The peace that viewers
may find interesting is, how I use words, in this case, the
therapists, some are from Iran, I am also a non-English
Irish speaker and how I use this an opportunity to play with words
and to use humor with the family and the therapist,
which I do often during the session. One
of the questions I ask them and it will have
different configuration with different families, I ask them who is more opinionated, who
has a strong opinion, which in some way, is basically
bringing — reflecting on something that could — we get
them into trouble, something that will be seen as problematic, but at the same time, it maybe
seen as validating. And
when I ask who is more opinionated, a typical kind of secret questions
I guess is, I’m basically, assuming that they are both
opinionated that in a way they cheer some similarities, in fact, that with people are in conflict, often
there’s, because they are seeing themselves as two different. And
towards the end of the interview, I term on
that I like her sense of humor and her daughter smile
and I see how important it is to always validate
both, any member, all the members of the family attending the
session, so that the other one — so that the other one
can feel okay about criticizing the other members of the family, but
not having the therapist sort of like completely in coalition
with that same statement. That is, if I can see
and I can validate each members of the family, the other ones may also see
that particular validation. Often
in a consultation, I will mention that there’s themes
that can be talked in therapy later and I may say
maybe we can, I could have same, maybe, we can think about this idea between
now and then if I were to be alone as a therapist.
Often in a consolidation, I may say, this is something that maybe
helpful to talk about in the future in a therapy session. I may say something of that sort in a reflective
way. Another aspect that I noticed in this session like in many other sessions is, how
expectations about the others, are they
ones that may — high expectations about another member of the family might
bring a lot of conflict. In terms of assimilation and I — towards
the end I term on that she’d always be concerned
about the children. And that there might be
other ways, in which you can get resources.
I also try to reframe
some of the difficulties using multi-cultural framework,
for instance, by saying that there is some things that you might be thinking here, that here
it could be conservative, but in home country couldn’t because couldn’t be considered
very radical and very different.
And I also try to help them
to think about this different transitions they are going through, including — and
this different traumas they are dealing with in the past, in the present and in the future.
01:14:10
[music]
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Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video NRNP_6645_Week2_Assignment_Rubric
NRNP_6645_Week2_Assignment_Rubric
Criteria
Ratings
Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Document the following for the family in the video, using the Comprehensive Evaluation Note Template: • Chief complaint• History of present illness• Past psychiatric history• Substance use history• Family psychiatric/substance use history• Psychosocial history/Developmental history• Medical history• Review of systems (ROS) • Physical assessment (if applicable)
20
to >
17.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
The assignment includes an accurate, clear, and complete description of the subjective and objective information for the client family. The response addresses each of the required elements and demonstrates thoughtful consideration of the client family’s situation and culture.
17
to >
15.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
The assignment includes an accurate, clear, and complete description of the subjective and objective information for the client family.
15
to >
13.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
The assignment includes a description of the subjective and objective information for the client family but is somewhat general or contains small inaccuracies.
13
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
The assignment includes a description of the subjective and objective information for the client family but is vague or contains many inaccuracies. Or, several of the required elements are missing.
20
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
• Mental status exam • Differential diagnoses—Include a minimum of three differential diagnoses and include how you derived at each diagnosis in accordance with DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria
20
to >
17.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
The response thoroughly and accurately documents the results of the mental status exam…. Response lists at least three distinctly different and detailed possible disorders in order of priority for a differential diagnosis of the family in the assigned case study, and it provides a thorough, accurate, and detailed justification for each of the disorders selected.
17
to >
15.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
The response accurately documents the results of the mental status exam…. Response lists at least three distinctly different and detailed possible disorders in order of priority for a differential diagnosis of the patient in the assigned case study, and it provides an accurate justification for each of the disorders selected.
15
to >
13.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
The response documents the results of the mental status exam with some vagueness or innacuracy…. Response lists at least three different possible disorders for a differential diagnosis of the patient and provides a justification for each, but may contain some vaguess or innacuracy.
13
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
The response provides an incomplete or inaccurate description of the results of the mental status exam and/or explanation of the differential diagnoses. Or, assessment documentation is missing.
20
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
• Case formulation• Treatment plan that includes psychotherapy interventions
25
to >
22.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
Case formulation is thorough, thoughtful, and demonstrate critical thinking…. The assignment includes an accurate, clear, and complete treatment plan for the client family that includes psychotherapy interventions. The response demonstrates thoughtful consideration of the client family’s situation and culture.
22
to >
19.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
Case formulation demonstrates critical thinking…. The assignment includes an accurate, clear, and complete treatment plan for the client family that includes psychotherapy interventions.
19
to >
17.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
Case formulation is somewhat general or does not demonstrate critical thinking…. The assignment includes a treatment plan for the client family that includes psychotherapy interventions but is somewhat general or contains small inaccuracies.
17
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
The assignment provides a vague and/or inaccurate description of the case formulation and treatment plan for the client family. Or, many of the required elements are missing.
25
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
• A psychotherapy genogram for the family
Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video
20
to >
17.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
The assignment includes an accurate, clear, and complete genogram of the client family. The documentation style is consistent and a key is provided.
17
to >
15.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
The assignment includes an accurate genogram of the client family. The documentation style is consistent and a key is provided.
15
to >
13.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
The assignment includes a genogram of the client family but is somewhat limited or contains factual inaccuracies or inconsistencies in documentation style.
13
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
The genogram provided is vague or contains many inaccuracies. Or, the genogram is missing.
20
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided which delineate all required criteria.
5
to >
4.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity…. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.
4
to >
3.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time…. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.
3
to >
2.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time…. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.
2
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity <60% of the time…. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
5
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
5
to >
4.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
4
to >
3.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
Contains 1 or 2 grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
3
to >
2.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
Contains 3 or 4 grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
2
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
Contains many (≥5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
5
pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
5
to >
4.0
pts
Excellent 90%–100%
Uses correct APA format with no errors.
4
to >
3.0
pts
Good 80%–89%
Contains 1 or 2 APA format errors.
3
to >
2.0
pts
Fair 70%–79%
Contains 3 or 4 APA format errors.
2
to >
0
pts
Poor 0%–69%
Contains many (≥5) APA format errors.
5
pts
Total Points:
100 Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale video
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