The body is a complex network of organs and systems that function in unison to create the nutrition necessary for the life of the organism. Among these organs, the urinary tract is essential to this process. It flushes your bloodstream with acids, electrolytes, extra water, and other compounds, stopping them from reabsorbing. Urine elimination issues could arise if you experience issues with any aspect of this procedure. This article will help you understand impaired urinary Elimination, its causes,
nursing diagnosis
, symptoms and highlight some of the interventions.
What is impaired urinary Elimination?
Impaired urinary Elimination is a diagnostic that describes any difficulty with urine elimination. It is often used to develop a nursing care plan for people suffering from genito-urinary illnesses such as renal diseases and urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Impaired urinary Elimination can drastically decrease quality of life, increase the risk of UTIs and skin deterioration, and cause incontinence-related dermatitis and pressure ulcers. Treatment methods vary according to the underlying cause; however, they can include pelvic medication, surgery floor muscle exercises, and catheterization.
Nurses can help patients understand the reasons for their symptoms and how to avoid and manage them.
What is urinary Elimination?
Urinary Elimination is the process of removing wastes from the body through urine. The kidneys eliminate waste materials and byproducts from the blood by converting them into the urine, which is then expelled from the body. The urinary tract system consists of the ureters, urethra, kidneys, and bladder.
Impaired urinary Elimination factors
Here are some factors that can lead to impaired urinary Elimination;
Lack of muscular bladder tone, or bladder atony
Environmental obstacles
Numerous wounds
Reduced bladder capacity
Disrupted bladder innervation
Closure of the bladder outlet
A dysfunctional bladder
Congenital bladder and gastrointestinal issues, including hypospadias, epispadias, or a tiny bladder
Sensory-motor dysfunction
Weakening bladder signals
Signs and symptoms
An increased need to urinate frequently and urgently
Slurring
Nocturia, or nighttime voiding, and
Reluctance
Bladder distention
Urinary retention, which is indicated by significant residual quantities of urine found on bladder scans
Dysuria – difficulty or painful struggle to urinate
Enuresis is a loss of bladder control
Nursing care plan for impaired urinary Elimination
Goals and outcomes
Here are some of the common goals and expected results for the impaired urinary Elimination care plan;
The patient expresses understanding of the illness verbally
The patient maintains normal I&O with clear, odorless urine that is free of urinary leakage or bladder distension
The patient determines the origin of the incontinence
The patient indicates efforts and methods to avoid urinary infection
The patient explains why the treatment is necessary
Nursing care plan 1: Urethritis
Nursing Diagnosis
Impaired urine elimination due to Urethritis, as shown by urinary frequency dysuria. The desired outcome is to see the patient resume regular urine elimination patterns.
Nursing interventions for impaired urinary Elimination
Provide the Urethritis antibiotic as directed. The antibiotic is selected based on the urine sensitivity test results. The typical antibiotic treatment for Urethritis lasts up to 10 days. This is expected to deal with the virus at its source.
Instruct the patient to urinate every two to three hours to enhance the process for the bladder to wash out bacteria and prevent urine buildup.
Examine the patient’s present urination pattern and contrast it with their regular pre-symptomatic pattern to determine whether the patient has benign prostatic hyperplasia or hypertrophy. The objective is to collect baseline information on urine elimination patterns.
Ask the patient to refrain from or consume less of beverages that can cause urinary incontinence, such as tea, alcohol, colas, and coffee, to speed up the patient’s recovery.
Nursing care plan 2: Hyperplasia (BPH)/ Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Nursing Diagnosis
Impaired urinary elimination results from mechanical blockage caused by an enlarged prostate, as indicated by urinary frequency and dysuria. The desired outcome is that the patient’s urine elimination pattern will improve, as indicated by post-void remnants.
Interventions
Check for bladder distention by palpating the bladder to evaluate the bladder for retention and expansion.
Observe the patient’s current elimination pattern and contrast it with their typical pattern before Urethritis. To collect baseline information on urine elimination patterns.
If necessary, put an indwelling catheter to facilitate bladder urine ejection. Catheterization may be painful for a BPH patient, though it efficiently improves discomfort caused by an overly inflated bladder.
Reveal to the patient the benefits of sitz baths. Sitz baths help lower urinary edema and relax urinary muscles. In addition, owing to the enlarged prostate encourages relaxation and pain reduction.
Instruct the patient to limit or stop consuming substances, including tea, alcohol, colas, and coffee, that might cause bladder irritation. To help promote the patient’s recovery.
Nursing care plan 3: Urolithiasis
Nursing Diagnosis
Impaired Urinary Elimination due to stone formation in the urine tract, as indicated by forfeiting pain, dysuria, urinary frequency, and an enlarged bladder. The patient will obtain a better pattern of urination, as demonstrated by painless urination, improved tone in the bladder muscles, and regular frequency of urination.
Interventions
Observe the patient’s current elimination pattern and contrast it with their typical pattern before urolithiasis to collect baseline data on urine elimination patterns
Palpate the bladder and look for signs of bladder distention. Utilize a mobile bladder scanner to evaluate the bladder for retention and distention.
Apply alpha-blockers as directed. Urolithiasis cannot currently be treated directly with medicine. Alpha-blockers, however, can be used to relax the ureter’s muscles. Small renal calculi can pass through and be removed from the body.
Strain and record the kidney stone and urine parameters for each urine discharge to check the signs of decreased urine output. The distinctive kidney stones and urine contribute critical information in the patient’s subsequent renal therapy.
Encourage the patient to limit or stop consuming substances, including colas, alcohol, tea, and coffee that can cause bladder discomfort to help the patient’s rehabilitation.
Ask the patient to urinate every two to three hours to make it easier to discharge the renal from the bladder and prevent urine retention.
Take blood samples to be tested for renal function to monitor kidney function.
Impaired urinary elimination nursing diagnosis
Impaired nursing elimination nursing diagnosis is given when a patient has difficulties properly and entirely flushing their bladder. It is a common occurrence in the elderly, persons with spinal cord injuries, and people with neurological diseases that disrupt nerve impulses to and from the bladder.
Signs and symptoms
Urinary frequency
Urinary incontinence
Urgency
Urinary retention
Urinary tract infections
The underlying factors of decreased urine elimination can range from physical problems such as nerve injury, structural abnormalities in the urinary system, or muscle weakness to psychological factors such as depression or anxiety.
Nursing care objectives for impaired urinary Elimination include encouraging regular voiding patterns, reducing complications, and promoting safety and dignity.
Impaired urinary elimination interventions
Helping someone use assistive technology
Medication Administration
Supporting catheterization
Encouraging hydration
Assisting with bathroom needs
Practicing pelvic floor workouts
It is essential for healthcare providers to study and assess the patient’s urine elimination habits, as well as identify and address any possible causes. This will help provide tailored care and encourage positive patient outcomes.
Scanty urination
Scanty urination reduces the quantity of urine produced or discharged during urination. It is a widespread condition with a number of potential causes, such as:
Health issues
Several health issues, including diabetes and liver illness, can alter urine output and production.
Obstruction of the urinary tract
A kidney stone or an enlarged prostate can clog the urinary tract and prevent urine from flowing freely.
Nervous system issues
Neurological diseases such as spinal cord injuries or neuropathy might impair the ability to empty the bladder.
Dehydration
When the body is dehydrated, it excretes less urine.
Medication
Some drugs, such as anticholinergics and diuretics, might reduce the flow of urine.
Scanty urination can cause a buildup of urine in the bladder, increasing the risk of
urinary tract infections
and bladder damage. You should see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and treatment if you have scanty urination. The healthcare provider can advise increasing fluid intake, changing medication, or trying another treatment depending on the underlying cause of the disease.
What is Dysuria?
Dysuria definition can be termed as a medical word that describes discomfort or pain during urinating. This may present as a burning or stinging feeling, a constant need to urinate, trouble to start and controlling the urine flow, or only passing a small volume of urine at once.
Dysuria can be caused by a number of medical issues, including urinary tract infections, bladder or urethral irritations, sexually transmitted diseases, bladder stones, prostate problems, and others. It’s critical to consult a doctor right away if you develop dysuria symptoms because timely care can help avoid complications and hasten healing.
Summary
Impaired urinary Elimination is a severe health issue that, if left untreated, can result in discomfort, suffering, and long-term health issues. It is brought on by several underlying diseases, including nerve damage, prostate issues, urinary tract infections, and more. Individuals should adopt healthy behaviors if they encounter signs of urinary difficulties to avoid decreased excretion. However, impaired urine elimination can be effectively treated and managed to enhance the quality of life and prevent serious problems. If you found this article educating and would like to read more educative articles like this, visit onlinenursingpapers.com.
Also Visit:
Types of Nursing Care Plan: Ultimate Guide
Writing an essay can be a daunting task, but by following a few simple steps for writing an essay, it can be made much easier. This blog will take you through the process basic steps for writing an essay, from choosing a topic to researching and writing the introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. We will also provide tips and strategies for making your essay stand out and avoiding common mistakes.
Whether you are a student, a professional, or a casual writer, this blog will provide you with the knowledge and tools you need to write a clear and effective essay. Are you ready to understand what are the 5 steps of writing an essay? Let’s dive into essay writing!
Choose a topic
Choosing a topic is a crucial first step in the steps for writing an essay. The writing process will go more smoothly if you choose a topic that both pertains to the project and piques your interest. If you’re having trouble on how to write an essay in five easy steps start with these tips:
Study the assignment’s requirements thoroughly
Think about what you’re passionate about; working on a topic you’re interested in will be far more satisfying. If you’re interested in and enthusiastic about the subject matter, you’re more likely to deliver superior results
After brainstorming a list of prospective ideas, select those you believe will work best for the project
Do a background study to ensure adequate material to back up your point before settling on a topic
Ensure your topic is narrow enough to produce an in-depth paper with sufficient supporting evidence
Ensure your chosen topic is unique and hasn’t been addressed in great detail elsewhere
Conduct research: learn all you can about the topic by consulting a variety of print and digital resources (books, papers, websites, etc.)
2. Research
Conducting research is a crucial step in the process for
writing an essay
. It enables you to collect data from a wide range of sources, including print and digital media, on the subject at hand. As you write the body of your essay, refer back to these sources to back up your main claims and the thesis you developed.
Here are some tips to help you conduct research effectively:
Before diving into your research, it’s important to define key terms and phrases that pertain to your issue
Diversify your research: Read books and articles, and use the internet to find more details
Use credible sources, such as academic journals, government websites, and reputable news outlets
Make sure to write down any crucial points or thoughts as you come across them as you research. When writing your essay, you can save time and effort by creating an outline.
Document your sources. Document your sources, including author, title, publication date, and URL. Using this method, referencing in your essay is a breeze
Read through everything you’ve collected and think about how useful it is. Verify that everything is up-to-date, accurate, and applicable to your subject matter
3. Create an outline
Organize the information you have gathered into an outline, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Conducting research is crucial in steps for writing an essay. It enables you to collect data from a wide range of sources, including print and digital media, on the subject at hand. As you write the body of your essay, refer back to these sources to back up your main claims and the thesis you developed.
Here are some tips to help you conduct research effectively:
Choose keywords and phrases
Before starting your research, choose keywords and phrases relevant to your subject. This will assist you in narrowing your search and locating pertinent information.
Consult various sources
Collect data from publications, including books, papers, and websites. This will guarantee that you thoroughly understand your subject and can provide various viewpoints.
Make careful use of reliable sources
Reliable sources include academic publications, official websites, and recognized news organizations. Useless resources like personal blogs or Wikipedia should be avoided.
Make notes:
Write down the main concepts and points as you gather knowledge. You’ll be able to organize your ideas better and create your essay later.
Track your sources
Keep a record of the authors, titles, publication dates, and URLs of the sources you utilize. This will make it simpler for you to cite your sources in your essay accurately.
Evaluation of the data:
Read the data you have gathered and assess it. Ensure the data is trustworthy, correct, and pertinent to your subject.
4. Write a thesis statement
A thesis statement is a sentence or two that expresses your essay’s central argument and key concept. Typically situated after the introduction, the thesis statement serves as a road map for the remainder of the essay.
Here are some suggestions for developing an effective thesis statement:
A thesis statement should be specific, clearly articulating the major topic of your essay and the position you will take. Avoid being excessively broad or general
A good thesis statement provides a debatable claim and can be backed by evidence. It should not be a universally acknowledged truth or a declaration of reality
The thesis statement should be simple to comprehend and provide a clear and succinct overview of the essay’s key point
Tailor it to the assignment: Ensure that the thesis statement is pertinent and answers the precise task or topic posed
Revise as necessary: Your thesis statement may evolve as you write your essay and gain new information. Be willing to change it to reflect your essay’s emphasis if necessary
A thesis statement should be succinct, typically containing one or two phrases
5. Write the introductory paragraph
How do I start to write an essay? Introduce the topic and provide background information in the introduction. A strong opening should capture the reader’s attention and provide a clear and short summary of the essay’s central argument.
Here are some suggestions for crafting a powerful introduction:
Start with a hook: Begin the introduction with a sentence or phrase that will captivate the reader
Provide background information
Provide the thesis assertion: In the opening, clearly express your thesis statement, summarizing your essay’s major topic and argument
Summarize the key points: Provide a concise summary of the key themes you will discuss throughout the essay
Keep it brief: The introduction should not exceed one or two pages
Avoid giving unnecessary details: Only include information directly pertinent to the issue and the central theme
Avoid a summary of the essay: The introduction should not be a recap but a concise summary of the key idea
6. Write the body paragraphs
Use the information you have gathered to support your thesis statement in the body paragraphs. The body paragraphs are the main sections of an essay, and their purpose is to support the thesis statement. Each body paragraph should focus on a specific point or idea that supports the thesis statement.
Here are some tips for writing effective body paragraphs:
Start with a topic sentence
Use evidence from your research to support the main point or idea presented in the topic sentence.
Explain and analyze the evidence
Use transition sentences
Use parallel structure: Keep the structure of each body paragraph parallel
Use clear and concise language: Avoid using complex vocabulary or long sentences that might make the essay hard to understand
Use proper citation: Make sure to cite your sources properly, using the citation style required by the assignment
Vary the length of the paragraphs
7. Write the conclusion
Sum up the essay’s main points and restate the
thesis statement
. The conclusion is the final section of an essay, and its purpose is to restate the thesis statement and summarize the essay’s main points. A good conclusion should leave the reader with a lasting impression and provide a sense of closure.
Here are some guidelines for composing a powerful conclusion:
Restate the key points: Summarize the major points discussed in the essay
Restate the thesis statement in different words, reminding the reader of the essay’s central argument
Provide a sense of closure
Avoid introducing novel material: The conclusion should not present new information but should summarize the essay’s main points
Keep it brief: Typically, the conclusion should be limited to one or two paragraphs
End with a question or a call to action
Use a powerful and memorable phrase
Avoid using the exact words and phrases repeatedly
Final word on steps for writing an essay
Writing an essay may seem like a daunting task, but by following the simple steps outlined in this blog, it can be much easier. We have discussed what are the steps to writing a good essay how to write an essay structure, developing a thesis statement, and writing an effective introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. We have also included strategies and advice to stand out with your essay and avoid typical pitfalls.
By following these steps for writing an essay you will be well on your way to writing a clear and top-notch essay. Always check your work for errors, and make sure you have properly cited your sources. We wish you the best of luck in your future essay writing endeavors and hope that this blog has been helpful to you.
Also Visit:
Impaired urinary Elimination: Nursing diagnosis and care plan
Many diseases and injuries call for short-term care. Some individuals may, however, experience severe ailments that necessitate long-term treatment. In certain rare circumstances, these types of physical issues may require weeks or even years of medical attention. This article discusses everything you need to know about long term care nursing.
What is long term care in nursing?
Long-term care in nursing is a profession that involves taking care of patients who need extended care. This may include patients with injuries, disabilities, and other severe illnesses. Over the following ten years, there should be a significant growth in nursing jobs serving long-term care facilities.
You can join a growing group of professional nurses with a solid and fulfilling career by training to be a long-term care nurse. As a long-term care nurse, you will spend a considerable amount of time caring for the same patients each day.
People naturally bond with those who show them care and compassion. As a result, you will frequently end up forming strong connections with your patients as a consequence. You must be mentally mature and able to deal with the loss of patients with whom you develop ties since patients in long-term care nursing have high rates of death due to the seriousness of their illnesses or injuries.
Responsibilities of long-term care nurses
What is the
role of a nurse
in long term care? These nurses concentrate on giving patients who require prolonged care the care they need. Patients with crippling conditions including; cancer, AIDS, and Vascular dementia, may fall under this category. These nurses also look after elderly patients who require ongoing medical attention.
These nurses give their patients’ medical attention as their main priority. Frequent vitals observation, documentation, and medicine administration may fall under their purview. Other therapy and treatment techniques, such as massage and range-of-motion workouts, will also be carried out by long-term caregivers.
Long-term care nurses may need to attend to their daily needs. This frequently entails helping patients with clothing, feeding, showering, and utilizing the restroom. For patients and family members, long-term care nurses often serve as a source of encouragement, direction, and solace. They could provide support at trying times or guidance on managing disability.
Long term care nursing workplaces
Many Long-Term Care nurses can be employed by care homes or facilities for assisted living. Patients of assisted living centers must be able to carry out daily tasks with little assistance.
Nursing homes
provide both minimum help and completely implemented care. Care homes are designed to handle higher care levels needed.
The requirements for individual ability can vary widely, but assisted living centers are regulated at the state level. The necessity for supported care both on a cognitive and physical level has recently increased.
Adult Daycare centers, hospitals, and PACE programs with dedicated geriatric patient’s programs are other alternatives for long term care nursing jobs. A person with experience in long-term care may be a fantastic senior advocate in the healthcare setting.
Skills required for long term care nursing
Excellent assessment and observation skills
They must be outstanding communicators, able to exchange information with the staff and the patients as well. Since long-term care nurses are frequently the patients’ first line of protection, they must be keenly aware of any early symptoms of illness or developing health issues.
Empathy
Long-term care nurses must be able to recognize their patients as much more than objects for care. How you see a patient may not impact their experiences when conversations are brief and infrequent. But when you work for the same individuals for weeks, months, or even decades, how you perceive them has a significant impact.
Proper examination skills
Long term care nurses must be able to examine the needs of their patients and address them accordingly.
Previous knowledge of long-term care
Experience working as a medical and surgical nurse.
The capacity to view death as a normal part of life
Capacity to establish lasting connections with patients and their loved ones
Management and leadership skills are also necessary
Why is long term care nursing a great career?
It is a stable career
The reality that this specific medical profession is expanding quickly is arguably the most obvious factor. Based on the aging baby boomer demographic, the field of long-term care nursing is anticipated to experience explosive expansion during the following ten years. By selecting this expertise, you can have a stable career for the rest of your working life.
When choosing a career, being able to ensure your financial and professional future plays a significant role. There are more and more caregivers working in this profession. This implies that you’ll also benefit from a strong network of friends and peers.
You get rewarding relationships
Long-term care nurses have many opportunities for fulfilling relationships. Expect to develop warm bonds with patients and their loved ones because you’ll likely be caring for them every day. You will assist numerous patients in dire need thanks to your kind character
You will have numerous opportunities to develop connections with other nurses in addition to the bonds you form with your patients and their relatives. You will also collaborate with colleagues in your field of work. This will help you develop fruitful networking and friendships connections with several of these folks.
Positive growth and experience
In some specializations, long-term care nurses frequently acquire valuable expertise more quickly than temporary nurses. Long term care nursing environments offer opportunities to expand your skills and hone your craft. Developing new talents will make you a more desirable candidate for jobs. The opportunity for long-term care nurses to advance their careers is excellent.
Types of long term care in nursing
Many people ask, what are the four types of long term care? Others are confused and ask, what are the three types of long term care? Here are the most common types;
Skilled Nursing
Depending on a person’s needs, some communities are authorized to provide a variety of sorts of care. When you or a close person requires continuous medical attention or monitoring, skilled nursing is necessary.
Communities that offer skilled nursing have cutting-edge medical services. Skilled nursing is frequently advised post-surgery or a stay in the hospital for a health condition. Short and long-term patients can both benefit from skilled nursing facilities.
Assisted Living
There are several types of assisted living, including apartments, condos, and suburban communities. These facilities help with personal care requirements such as laundry, housework, and medicine.
The main distinction between skilled nursing and assisted living is that most assisted-living communities don’t have nursing teams on duty around the clock. Because of this, assisted living is suitable for elderly persons who require extra assistance but do not have severe illnesses or extensive care requirements.
Home health care
Home health care can be medical or non-medical. Some types of home care provide competent nursing inside the patient’s home, while others offer assistance with housework, personal services, and other everyday living chores.
Depending on the individual and their requirements, home care can be provided as a round-the-clock service or only as a regular visit. Patients who need help but are hesitant to leave their homes may choose this alternative. Home care has the potential to be the priciest of the three different types of long term care nursing.
How to become a long term care nurse
To be a long term care nurse, you must be registered as a licensed practical nurse. You’ll be prepared to start a career in LTC once you’ve finished a program, aced the NCLEX, and obtained a license to work in your state.
There are many ways to focus your expertise in long-term care as you start your study. Investigate the most recent developments and industry standards in Long Term Care nursing. Get engaged when there is a contemporary nursing association in your area. Gain certifications as a gerontological nurse and equip yourself with patient advocacy skills.
Challenges of long term care nursing
The growing rate of patient acuity
Healthcare facilities are transferring patients who are not ready to return home to long-term care facilities for post-acute care. As a consequence, many long-term care centers now handle two different population levels: people who stay there since they require specialized nursing home care to survive and patients who are there for a short period as they recuperate from certain injuries or illnesses.
Shortage of clinical staff members
Long-term care facilities frequently lack an abundance of qualified nurses. One of the greatest personnel staff turnovers in the healthcare industry is found in skilled nursing facilities. LPNs make up the majority of licensed nurses, while RNs typically hold management-level positions
Long-term care nurses frequently work alone, which keeps them occupied, independent, and, regrettably, task-oriented instead of patient-focused.
Scarce professional growth
Ironically, long-term care nursing has some ground to make up. Although skilled nursing institutions are the most frequent environment for elderly patients, few caregivers there have received formal training in caring for older adults. Nurses must pick up new skills in the workplace and train themselves to work on the unique requirements and patient presentation if they are to provide excellent care for their patients.
To sum up
Long term care nursing involves taking care of patients who need extended care. To become a long term care nurse, you need to study a bachelor’s degree in nursing and have experience in dealing with patients. You also have to possess the right skills to serve patients.
Do you have long term care nursing assignments due but have not completed to complexity or lack time to handle the work? Reach out to
onlinenursingpapers.com
. We provide essay writing help to students at affordable rates.
Writing a summary and response essay can be an intimidating task. It requires much thought and analysis, as you must provide an overview of the article or essay you are responding to and your opinion. To write an effective essay, one must understand the critical elements of this type of writing. This article will explain a summary and response essay, outline its main components, and provide valuable tips for writing an effective response. If you are looking for a professional writer to help with summary and response essay, visit
online nursing papers
for help.
What is a summary and response essay
A summary and response essay is a type of academic writing that combines both summarizing and responding to an article. This essay allows you to develop critical thinking skills and expand your ideas about a particular subject.
It gives readers a summary of the text, followed by the author’s thoughts and reactions. The goal of this type of paper is to show readers your understanding of the source material, as well as provide your opinion on it.
Writing Tips for a Summary and response essay
Part of being a student is having to write essays; one type of essay students must often write is a summary and response essay. It can be difficult for many students to summarize and respond to a given text accurately, but there are some tips for writing an effective summary and response essay.
Read the text carefully and make sure that you understand it thoroughly
Take notes as you read so that you can have something to refer back to while writing your essay
Don’t include any personal opinion or interpretation. Summaries should only include the main points found in the original piece without adding anything extra
Ensure that all opinions expressed are supported by evidence from reliable sources such as books or online articles
Provide logical evidence from both within and outside sources to back up your claims
How to write a summary and response essay
An effective summary and response essay can be a powerful tool for hearing your opinion. A summary and response essay is an opportunity to articulate your thoughts on a particular article, book, or other text. This type of essay also provides an avenue for you to express your feelings about the text constructively and productively.
Summary response essay samples are helpful for students who must understand how to construct an effective summary and response essay. This essay allows students to practice critical reading,
rhetorical analysis
, and summarizing skills.
The best way for students to learn how to compose such essays is by studying summary response essay, example essays written by other authors. These sample essays provide valuable insight into what makes a good summary and response paper and strategies for organizing one’s thoughts about a particular piece of literature or film.
Summary and response essay structure
Crafting a successful summary response essay requires following a specific structure that helps ensure accuracy and clarity. Here are some steps to follow when writing summary response essay samples.
Step 1: Understand the Assignment
When it comes to writing a summary and response essay, the first step is understanding the assignment. This type of essay requires you to read a text, summarize the main points and arguments of that text, and then offer your thoughts and opinions on the topic.
To write a compelling summary and response essay, you must first understand what the assignment entails. Students should also review any guidelines or requirements set forth by their instructor for completing this assignment. Knowing key phrases such as ‘summarize’ or ‘respond’ can help better understand how to approach this task.
Furthermore, having a clear idea of how long the paper should be, one page or five pages, will ensure that all necessary information is included in the final draft without going over or under length expectations.
Step 2: Read the Source Carefully
Once you’ve chosen your source material, it’s essential to read it thoroughly to understand its content accurately. Take notes as you read and highlight any key points or arguments made by the author. This will help you summarize and respond to the source material meaningfully.
Additionally, pay attention to any underlying tones or biases sustained throughout the piece since these elements may affect how you interpret it in your response. Finally, be sure to ask yourself questions as you read through the text so that your analysis is more comprehensive and thoughtful when writing your essay.
Step 3: Create an Outline
An effective summary and response essay outline will ensure your essay flows smoothly, is easy to follow, and logically organizes your ideas. To create an outline for this essay, start by deciding on the main points you want to cover in your article.
This may include summarizing the article, exploring how it relates to topics covered in class or other readings, and expressing your reactions to the material. Once you have identified these main points, create a summary essay outline with each point as a separate section.
Provide supporting evidence for your argument or opinion for each section in your outline. For example, if one point focuses on summarizing the article’s argument, ensure each piece of evidence ties back to that central argument.
Step 4: Write a Summary Paragraph
The summary paragraph should capture the main idea or argument from the text being summarized. It should be at most two or three sentences and clearly express what was discussed in the original text without introducing any new material or opinions. In addition to summarizing what was said in the original text, it is also essential to include keywords and phrases to help readers identify why your response essay is relevant to them.
Step 5: Analyze and Respond to the Source
This is an integral part of summarizing and responding to the source material. It involves analyzing the source for its argumentative style, evidence provided, and opinion expressed. Once these elements have been identified, you can understand how your response will differ from the author’s.
To do this effectively, look for areas where you agree or disagree with the author’s point of view, consider any additional evidence that could strengthen or weaken their argument; and note any personal experiences or opinions that might contribute to your response.
Step 6: Craft a Conclusion
The main goal for your conclusion should be to tie all the threads together without introducing any new ideas or arguments. It’s essential to summarize what has been discussed and reiterate your opinion on the subject matter.
Your conclusion should also include recommendations for further reading; this will show that you have thoroughly researched the topic and can provide insight into how readers can learn more about it. Your conclusion should leave readers with something thought-provoking so that they feel inspired after reading your response essay.
Summary essay outline
An outline can be used to ensure that the essay is well-structured, with clear ideas presented in logical order. Here is a summary response essay outline example that can be used to structure a summary response essay: an outline would begin with a brief introduction outlining the main ideas found in the article or story being analyzed.
Following this, several body paragraphs should summarize key points from the text, followed by one or more sections where these points are evaluated for accuracy and clarity. Begin by reading the source material carefully while taking notes on any vital information or topics discussed.
It’s also essential to determine the purpose of the original text; what message is it trying to convey? After completing this step, start organizing your notes into categories that will form the basis for each paragraph of your summary essay.
Provide a summary of the analyzed material, including essential points such as key themes, characters, and plot elements. Then, discuss your opinion: what do you think about the material? What was your reaction? Was it effective or ineffective?
After presenting your opinion, support it using evidence from the original text or artwork. Finally, summarize your main point and explain how the material could have been improved in the concluding paragraph.
Ways to Structure Response
There are many ways to structure a response, and choosing the one that best suits your purpose is important. It’s important to create an introduction that outlines the primary focus of the response in question. This will help set up the context for what is discussed in the response’s body.
When creating a response, it’s essential to use clear transitions between ideas so readers can easily follow along with your main points and arguments. It’s crucial to provide a conclusion summarizing all the significant points you made throughout your response and any additional observations or recommendations, if applicable.
Writing the Response
When constructing your response in a summary and response paper, remember that it should always include an explanation as to why you agree or disagree with the source material. Make sure that your opinion is backed up by evidence from your own research and external sources to make your point effectively.
Bottom line
Writing a summary and response essay can be a challenging but rewarding experience. It requires an in-depth evaluation of the source material and an analytical understanding of the author’s argument. Through this process, writers become more familiar with their opinions and those of other authors. By using techniques such as summarizing and responding differently to the same material, writers can practice their critical thinking skills.
Nursing students and practicing nurses must understand how to design a solid nursing care plan. Care plans serve as a tool to assist nursing students and nurses in strategically managing the nursing process. The types of nursing care plans also enable effective communication within a nursing team for collaborative or individual decision-making.
This blog will cover the fundamentals of
nursing care plans
, including ways to write the best ones and examples to make it easier. With the best practices outlined in this blog, you can develop a nursing care plan without fear of producing a mediocre output.
Steps for writing nursing care plans
Based on the five fundamental aspects of a nursing care plan, we also state that types of nursing care plans follow a five-step framework. The following steps will help you in writing your nursing care plan.
Assess the patient
The first stage in creating a nursing care plan ( NCP) is to conduct a patient assessment. Examining your patient’s medical history, diagnoses, lab findings, and medications is part of this process. This stage is critical for developing an effective care plan for either short-term or long-term care.
Make a diagnosis
In contrast to medical diagnoses, nursing diagnoses are based on the patient’s reaction to a disease rather than the illness itself. A nursing diagnosis is treatment-free and patient-centered.
Set goals and outcomes
It’s time to write down your patient’s goals and intended healthcare results after your assessment and diagnosis. These short- and long-term goals provide guidance for intervention planning and act as metrics for measuring success. Write your goals in the patient’s care plan so that it is accessible to other nurses and health professionals caring for the patient.
Determine your nursing interventions
Here you’ll communicate how you will carry out the
nursing orders
, what remains to be done, and whether the patient is ready to be discharged.
Evaluate the plan
In a patient care plan, evaluation is needed to decide whether to continue, change, or end the plan of care. It looks at how well goals and outcomes are met and shows what factors positively or negatively affect those goals.
Types of nursing care plans
The demands of the patient, your workplace, and your specialty will determine which of the following four types of nursing care plans to use:
Informal care plans
Informal nursing care plans are rarely written down and are typically shared verbally between your patient and their loved ones.
Standardized care plans
Standardized nursing care plans follow a standardized structure that helps nurses swiftly prepare charts that meet regulatory criteria. These templates are often provided by the facility or insurance companies. Standardized care plans highlight general techniques for treating patients with similar diseases.
Formal care plans
This nursing care plan requires more time, effort, and weight. Compared to informal care plans, formal care plans include more detailed assessments of the patient’s condition, treatment recommendations, and additional tests.
Reasons for having a care plan
It is important to note that various types of nursing care plans exist. Given our understanding of nursing care plan typologies, let us now consider why we write them. The following are the reasons for having a care plan:
To encourage the use of evidence-based practices in nursing care to address patients’ various healthcare needs
Enables nursing teal collaboration through information sharing and decision-making collaboration
To improve outcomes, provide patient-centered or individualized care
Provides continuity of care by allowing nurses from different shifts to provide quality interventions to patients, improves care outcomes
Defines a patient’s goals aids in involving them in care decision-making
Measures the efficacy of care and documenting the nursing process to improve care efficiency and compliance
A guide for delegating responsibilities and assigning specific personnel to a patient, particularly in cases of specialized care
Holistic patient care following the nursing metaparadigm (health, people, environment, and nursing)
Identifies nurses’ unique roles in attending to patients’ needs without constant consultation with physicians
Components of a care strategy
What are the different components of a care strategy? A care strategy typically includes the following components:
Assessment of needs
This means figuring out what the person’s physical, mental, and social needs are, as well as what their strengths and weaknesses are.
Setting goals
Once the needs have been identified, specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals are set to meet those needs.
Implementation and delivery of care
This entails carrying out the care plan, which can require coordinating care among various healthcare providers and support agencies. This could also entail making adjustments to one’s lifestyle, such as bettering one’s diet and using medical procedures, drugs, and therapies.
Monitoring and evaluation
To determine the efficacy of the care plan and make any necessary modifications, it is vital to regularly evaluate the person’s progress and any changes in their health status.
Continual improvement
Continuous improvement is a necessary part of this process to make sure the treatment approach is efficient and appropriate for the patient’s changing demands and circumstances. This can entail updating the care plan when the patient’s health status changes and adding new medications, treatments, or technologies.
Free nursing care plan examples
The following free nursing care plan examples will help you write your nursing care plan.
Nursing care plan for acute pain
Nursing care plan for constipation
Nursing care plan for COPD
Nursing care plan for sepsis
Nursing care plan and diagnosis for tracheostomy and tracheotomy
This is one of the different types of nursing care plans. This is a nursing care plan and diagnosis for tracheostomy and tracheotomy, including nursing diagnoses for the risk of ineffective airway clearance and impaired verbal communication. As a nurse, you may come across a patient with a tracheostomy.
It is sometimes referred to as a “trach” in the medical field. Instead of breathing through their nose, tracheostomy patients “breathe” through an opening in the trachea created through a tracheotomy procedure. Tracheostomy patients are at risk for many medical issues due to their inability to clear secretions and the care they need.
Nursing care plan and diagnosis for Mastitis
This is a nursing care plan and diagnosis for Mastitis. It is characterized by inflammation of the breast tissue. A non-breastfeeding mother might rarely suffer from Mastitis, but it does happen.
For this nursing care plan, we will concentrate on the lactating woman who may develop Mastitis during lactation. The nursing diagnosis for Mastitis is acute pain due to inflammation of breast tissue, as indicated by the patient reporting discomfort in the right breast. Risk for inefficient breastfeeding connected to interruption after inflammation as proof of patient reporting pain in the right breast.
Nursing care plan and diagnosis for hysterectomy
This nursing care plan for hysterectomy provides nurses with a diagnosis and care plan. It includes nursing interventions and outcomes for the following conditions: Risk for Infection and Grieving due to loss of body part.
Patients who have undergone hysterectomy surgery are at risk for infection and may experience sorrow associated with losing the ability to bear children. Sometimes only the uterus is removed, and the ovaries are left. In addition, the surgery may be conducted vaginally or abdominally.
Nursing care plan and diagnosis for mastectomy
This nursing care plan and diagnosis for mastectomy are for a patient who underwent a mastectomy. Pain management, wound care, drain management, psychological support, and health education are all part of the nursing care plan.
Nursing diagnoses include acute pain associated with the surgical incision, reduced skin integrity related to the surgical incision, infection risk, and risk of altered body image.
Nursing care plans examples
The following are nursing care plans examples:
Pain management
Assessing pain levels, providing medicine, and adopting relaxation techniques are all part of pain management.
Wound care
Wound care includes cleaning and treating wounds as well as monitoring for infection.
Cardiac care
Cardiac care includes vital sign monitoring, medication administration, and lifestyle modification instruction.
Discharge planning
Discharge planning entails collaborating with healthcare providers, scheduling post-hospital care, and assisting with home modifications.
Diabetes management
Diabetes management includes blood sugar monitoring, insulin administration, and dietary changes.
In summary
Writing effective, goal-oriented, readily available, clear, and varied types of nursing care plans is critical for any registered nurse. To create nurse care plans that incorporate these characteristics, you must be informed, critical thinking, teamwork-oriented, and patient-centered.
If you adhere to these guidelines, the care plans you create will help enhance your professional position and the overall healthcare process. We’re here to help make your journey a little less complicated. If you require any other information, please get in touch with onlinenursingpapers.com!
Whether you are writing an essay as a school assignment, for a contest, or to compete for a scholarship, it is crucial to create a research paper outline. This outline helps to make your essay writing process seamless by organizing your thoughts. Writing a research paper outline will make your academic and career life very easy regarding project writing.
In this article, we will take you through the process of making a good research paper outline, regardless of whether your paper is short or lengthy. You can write this outline for assignments like essays, reports, and other school projects. If you need professional guidance, talk to us via our customer support staff. We will be glad to help.
What is the typical outline of a research paper?
As a beginner student, before writing your research outline, you first need to answer the question, “What is the typical outline of a research paper?” In our understanding, an outline of the research paper is a visual aid that represents the writer’s thoughts and organizes them.
Once you have a topic sentence, you can highlight your points on what needs to be in your paper. You can organize them into paragraphs, for instance, the five-paragraph essay that consists of an introductory part, a body part, and a conclusion. This will ensure that the essays flow smoothly for the readers of your paper.
How to Write a College Research Paper Outline
Immediately after identifying your topic of discussion, determine the kind of research paper you’ll be writing. Some standard essay formats include argumentative, comparative, and descriptive essays. These three essay structures are very similar.
The following are steps that will help you write a research paper outline.
1. Decide on the kind of essay format you will use
Most research papers for beginner College and high school students consist of an introduction, body parts one, two, three, and a conclusion paragraph. Essays with 5 paragraph formats are either argumentative or descriptive essays.
2. Choose your topic
If not restricted to base your paper on a particular topic, choose an exciting topic that you can easily understand and provides room for argument. In your research paper outline, list down all the ideas you would like to talk about in your paper. If your class instructor provides a topic, ensure you make your paper more engaging and exciting.
3. Conduct research
Gather as much information as you can regarding your topic of discussion. You can get notes from online libraries, school libraries, magazines, journals, books, etc., to support your arguments. Two or more sentences should support each argument. Your research paper requires a complete investigation to be completed.
Organize your outline
You can use decimals, alpha-numeric, or full sentences when organizing your research outline. Alpha-numeric outlines are commonly used. Alpha-numeric uses capital letters, small letters, roman numbers, and Arabic numerals to organize the information in an outline. It provides fewer notes than complete sentence outlines.
When organizing your outline, you should also consider using a parallel structure. Begin each part of the research outline with the same kind of verbs or nouns.
5. Include primary sections
The primary sections of a scientific research paper outline should include an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
Ensure you briefly write your introductory sentence. This sentence is one of the determinants of whether the reader will read the rest of your paper or not. Make your introductory sentence exciting and engaging to the reader. In the last line of your introduction section, write your thesis statement.
Write your ideas and provide two to three supporting sentences, cites, or quotes.
When determining your thesis, choose one that you can argue with. Make it short but significant.
Outline a paragraph to support every point stated in the thesis. Start with a topic sentence for each paragraph, then address points in the thesis.
When concluding your paper, begin by restating the thesis statement. Ensure you summarize your paper by including the ideas or at least two to three complete sentences.
Finish writing the conclusion with a call to action.
Determine compare/contrast essays
The structure for a compare and contrast essay consists of an introduction, a paragraph to discuss similarities, a paragraph of differences, and a conclusion paragraph.
Think about advanced organizers for more extended essays
When you are required to write longer research papers, you may develop each thesis point through several paragraphs. You can introduce these paragraphs through an extended essay advanced organizer, headings, and subheadings.
Language use in research paper outlines
One of the critical things that contribute to a thriving research paper is language use. The poorly used language will score your low grades, while a better choice of language will score you high.
Here are the four language-related things you need to consider when writing a research paper outline.
· Coordination
Consider the weight of every point that you write.
The first, second, or other subheadings of your choice should present the significance level as each other.
An example of coordination is
Introduce the Covid-19 outbreak in the UK, US, and China
Show vaccination figures in the affected areas
Give an outline stating the dangers posed by Covid-19 compared to other illnesses
The diseases that are likely to result from the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Parallelism
Be harmonious with grammatical form
Parallelism is the repetitive use of a particular grammatical form in a sentence, point, or sub-point. If you begin your initial point with a noun or verb, the other subpoints should also begin with nouns or verbs.
Here is a parallelism example
Begin a debate on vaccination. Talk about: Why Covid-19 vaccination is highly advocated and why some groups are against it.
Discuss different areas, and focus your paper on the different arguments from those against vaccination
· Subordination
Make your workflow from general to specific points
Subordination refers to splitting general points from specific ones. You can begin the main headings with a general point and then narrow them down to specific points as you write your subheadings.
A subordination example is
Outline dangers posed by Covid-19 as compared to other infections
Resulting in illnesses from the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Untreatable cases of other diseases after patients got the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
· Division
Split your information into sub-headings
You should divide your points into two or more subpoints. You can write as many subheadings as you can under one heading bearing in mind that the information will be formatted into a paragraph when you start the actual writing.
Are you looking for an expert to guide you through writing a research paper outline? Reach out to us at onlinenursingpapers.com for a professional guide.
Research paper outline generator
On onlinenursingpapers.com, we can help you discover the most effortless research paper outline generator process. Generating a five-paragraph paper outline helps and guides you through the whole essay writing. For a research paper outline generator, you need to state your idea and give two arguments for and one against.
Basic Research Paper Outline Template
The research paper outline template consists of short or extremely detailed notes depending on the instructions given by your professor. If you are not given instructions, you can opt for a template that works best for you.
Below is an example of a basic research paper outline template
Example: The Covid-19 and the vaccination debate
INTRODUCTION
Definition of Covid-19 diseases
The recent rise of Covid-19 infection in areas with low rates of infection.
Figures: Average number of cases per year in recent years. Relate to vaccination
DANGERS OF COVID-19
Signs, symptoms, and timeframes of infection
Risk of death, including statistics
How Covid-19 is spread?
PREVENTATIVE MEASURES AND RISING ISSUES
Vaccination procedures in different areas
The debate on vaccination discusses both sides: why vaccination is recommended and why there are individuals against it
Different areas. Focus your discussion on those against
Covid-19 vaccination
SPECIFIC CASES OF NOTE RELATED TO THE VACCINATION DEBATE
Outbreaks in the UK, USA, and China
Vaccination figures in affected areas
The rise in the number of cases in non-vaccinating areas
COVID-19 AND OTHER INFECTIONS
Dangers caused by Covid-19 as compared to other diseases
Issues that can arise from the Covid-19 virus
Fatal cases of other illnesses after a patient contracted Covid-19.
CONCLUSION
Summary of arguments of various individuals and groups
Summary of figures and relationship with recent vaccination debate
Concluding statement based on collected data
Which side of the argument is correct?
Outline for a Research Paper MLA
When writing a
research paper
outline MLA, you are required to start by explaining your heading. Each heading should discuss an accurate, simple, and relevant idea to make your reader hooked to your paper. Research paper outline MLA helps eliminate possible errors provides better information and helps you complete your task on time.
Research paper outline APA
When writing a research paper outline in APA, you must pay attention to font size, spacing, typeface, structure, headings, subheadings, numerals, margins, etc. This all depends on the instructions given and your personal preferences for APA citation formats. We would advise you to follow the standards for APA format to write your research paper outline. For example, the standard APA font size is 12-point typeface Times New Roman, double space.
Are you struggling to write a Research Paper Outline?
Do you need an expert to coach you on how to write a college research paper outline? Here at
onlinenursingpapers.com
, we have a team of experts that will take you through a thorough research paper outline writing process to help you learn the skill of writing. Writing an outline might look like a huge task for beginners, but once you learn how to, you will become a master.
Based on the YMH Boston
Vignette 5
video, post answers to the following questions:
What did the practitioner do well? In what areas can the practitioner improve?
At this point in the clinical interview, do you have any compelling concerns? If so, what are they?
What would be your
next
question, and why?
Then, address the following. Your answers to these prompts do not have to be tailored to the patient in the YMH Boston video.
Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important.
Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent.
Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults.
Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment.
Support your response with at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources and explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.
Read
a selection of your colleagues’ responses.
Week One Discussion Question One
What did the practitioner do well?
The practitioner interview techniques that were strong in the case scenario include having good eye contact with the client, sitting facing the client, nodding to confirm understanding, and actively listening to the client. Another positive technique is the provider was not charting or looking at a computer during the interview which could lead the client to think the clinician is not paying attention. Other strong qualities of the provider include asking questions that engaged the client to provide more information and lead to other questions that could provide more critical information. The provider asking about the duration of symptoms was appropriate to assist with diagnosis. When the client admitted to being angry, the provider informed the client that this could be further discussed which is supportive. The provider provided a summary of what the client reported which assists in not missing information and confirming understanding.
ORDER A PLAGIARIM-FREE PAPER HERE
In what areas can the practitioner improve?
The clinician should introduce herself at the beginning of the interview. When asked if the client understood the purpose of the meeting, the client reported that he thinks the evaluation is taking place because his primary care physician sent him in for an evaluation. The practitioner could have explained the purpose of the evaluation more clearly. The interview should start with a warm greeting and asking the client about their interests prior to asking more sensitive questions. (Hilt & Nussbaum, 2016) The provider also interviewed in a checklist-style which is impersonal. Lastly, the provider should ask what the client’s goals are for treatment.
At this point in the clinical interview, do you have any compelling concerns? If so, what are they?
The provider did not obtain consent or agreement from the client for the assessment. The provider informed the client that she would like to ask him some questions and started the interview prior to the client agreeing. Obtaining consent from the parents for treatment is important prior to the evaluation. A study was performed to assess adolescents’ understanding of treatment goals, decisions, and consequences of those decisions. “In summary, findings of this study suggest that, unless completed in collaboration with their parents or legal guardians, 12-to-17-year-old adolescents do not identify consequences and assimilate and integrate information when it comes to deciding about psychiatric mental health treatments” (Roberson & Kjervik, 2012, p. 10). The case scenario does not involve the parents. Parents could be interviewed prior to the client being interviewed alone to obtain any input and pertinent medical information and behavioral concerns.
What would be your
next
question, and why?
I would ask the client if he currently has an active plan to harm himself. If the client has an active plan, consideration for emergency evaluation and inpatient hospitalization may be appropriate for safety. I would then ask if the client has previously attempted suicide or self-harm. I would ask about access to firearms in the home. I would ask about available support systems. I would ask the client reasons he would not want to harm himself. The 2013 youth behavior risk assessment could be given to evaluate the immediate risk of a suicide attempt. This client is at a higher risk of committing suicide due to a recent breakup. “Suicide is the second leading cause of death for adolescents 15 to 19 years old” (Shain, 2016, p. 1098). Boys have a completed suicide rate 3 times higher than girls. (Shain, 2016) Suicide affects young people from all races and socioeconomic groups, although some groups have higher rates than others.
Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important.
“Clinical history taking, and interviewing are one of the most powerful tools available to the child and adolescent mental health professionals to make a diagnosis and plan management” (Srinath & et. al., 2019, p. 175). Rating scales can also assist in leading the clinician to the correct diagnosis. The clinician should consider age, culture, communication skills, and cognition when interviewing children and adolescents. The assessment, “Will often include some direct assessment of the child’s functioning, observations of the child, interviews with parents and, where appropriate, relevant information from school” (Thapar & et. al., 2015, p. 436). Finding the cause of the symptoms is essential to correct diagnosis. The provider should rule out if the symptoms the client is experiencing are situational or due to substance use.
The importance of a correct diagnosis in order to provide the correct treatment is imperative to the client receiving quality care. “A child can be inattentive for any number of reasons without having attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and an adolescent can be sad for many reasons without experiencing a major depressive episode. If these kinds of behaviors and symptoms do not significantly impair function or can be better explained by another etiology, a formal mental health diagnosis should not be made” (Hilt & Nussbaum, 2016, p. 64). Children may be resistant to evaluation and treatment making assessment difficult. “In addition, the process of diagnosing disorders in a child typically involves gathering information from multiple informants and remembering an age- and developmentally adjusted–diagnostic differential” (Hilt & Nussbaum, 2016, p. 5).
Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent.
“Preassessment screening tools engage a patient and his caregivers in the treatment, normalize conversations about mental distress, and assist you in identifying the chief complaint” (Hilt & Nussbaum, 2016, p. 60). Two rating scales could be used during the assessment including the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Developmental Behavior Checklist. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire is used to evaluate emotional symptoms, conduct issues, hyperactivity, issues with peers, and prosocial behavior. The questionnaire is completed by parents, the teacher, and the child. (Español-Martín & et. al., 2021) “Two key uses of structured instruments are for (a) diagnostic interviewing, and (b) gathering descriptive information about various aspects of emotional, behavioral, and social problems” (Srinath & et. al., 2019, p. 165). The developmental-behavioral checklist evaluates emotional and behavioral problems for children and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. (Monash University, 2020)
Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults.
Play therapy, art therapy, IPT-A therapy, ACT therapy, and receiving treatment in an educational setting may be used as treatment options for children but may not be used when working with adults. “The need for non-clinic-based assessment is especially important when there is a discrepancy between the various accounts of behavior, for example, disagreements between parents and teachers concerning the nature or severity of the presenting difficulties, or when the behavior observed in the clinic does not tally with other reports” (Thapar & et. al., 2015, p. 438).
Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment.
“There is a need to respect the child’s autonomy as well as look out for their best interests. Shared decision-making, with selective paternalism where needed, is the best form of practice, especially with children and families” (Srinath & et. al., 2019, p. 159). The therapist should educate the child and the family about interventions and diagnoses. There should be direct communication with the child. “Acknowledging the child’s emotion and communicating an interest in understanding the child’s perspective is crucial in reassuring the child that they will be heard and their concerns addressed without the use of any coercion or deception” (Srinath & et. al., 2019, p. 160). Building a therapeutic alliance is essential to increase the change of the child engaging in therapy. “It is imperative to get a narrative account of the clinical history from both parents and child” (Srinath & et. al., 2019, p. 161). The parents can provide information on their observations of the child and assist with providing medical history and development history.
Español-Martín, G. & et. al. (2021) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties and Normative Data
for Spanish 5- to 17-Year-Olds.
Assessment
, 28(5), 1445-1458. –
Peer-reviewed.
Hilt, R. J., & Nussbaum, A. M. (2016).
DSM-5 pocket guide for child and adolescent mental health
Links to an external site.
Links to an external site.
.
American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
Monash University. (2020) What is the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC)? Retreived November 30th, 2022 from
Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015).
Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry
(6th
ed.). Wiley Blackwell.
YMH Boston. (2013, May 22).
Vignette 5 – Assessing for depression in a mental health appointment
Links to an external s
Links to an external site.
ite.
Links to an external site.
[Video]
.
YouTube.
Links to an external site.
.
BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 1 COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATED PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT
Respond
to at least
two
of your colleagues on
2 different days
by offering additional insights or alternative perspectives on their analysis of the video, other rating scales that may be used with children, or other treatment options for children not yet mentioned. Be specific and provide a rationale with evidence.
I like your main post and learns from it. As I am reading your post, I have some questions about the parent consent before the psychological evaluation. So, I did some research and found out that psychological professors don’t need the parent’s or guardian’s consent to start psychological evaluation or service unless it is believed that the child or adolescent is not able to manage their care. On the contrary, the mental health professional provider should obtain the child or adolescent’s consent before they tell the parents or legal guardian.
Colorado HB 19-1120 was signed into law and went into effect on May 16, 2019. HB 19-1120 lowers the age of consent for psychotherapy services from 15 years old to 12 years old. Under this law, the professional person or licensed mental health professional rendering mental health services to a minor may, with or without the minor’s consent, advise the minor’s parent or legal guardian of the services given or needed (Sullivan, 2019).
Even though children and adolescents don’t have the legal right to give consent to their evaluation or treatment, they already possess the knowledge and cognitive ability to understand the decision they make. They are also emotionally mature enough to make their own decisions. Many children and adolescents are very reluctant to let their parents know about their mental situation and feel embarrassed or uncomfortable to know that they have no secret in front of their parents. According to a survey, only one-third of the underage participants were willing to obtain parental consent before they get any psychological evaluation or therapy. (Cavazos-Rehg, 2020).
References
Cavazos-Rehg, P., Min, C., Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Savoy, B., Kaiser, N., Riordan, R., Krauss, M., Costello, S., & Wilfley, D. (2020). Parental consent: A potential barrier for underage teens’ participation in an mHealth mental health intervention. Internet interventions, 21, 100328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100328
Sullivan, J. (2019, July 16). Colorado Lowers Age of Consent for Psychotherapy Services to 12 Years Old | Insights | Greenberg Traurig LLP. Www.gtlaw.com. https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2019/7/colorado-lowers-age-of-consent-for-psychotherapy-services-to-12-years-old
Hello xx, I enjoyed reading your post. I agree the interview should have begun warmer. Anxiety and depression are the two most prevalent mental disorders in teens and adolescents; however, only a small percentage of this population receives assistance for their condition. Barriers that teens have reported are feelings of embarrassment due to stigma and feeling as if reaching out for help is a sign of their weakness (Radez, 2022). The teens in Radez’s article reported elements that influenced them to seek help were encouraging supportive attitudes and if they had a favorable opinion of the communication utilized by the clinician when receiving services (Radez, 2022).
Two other rating scales are the Vanderbilt ADHD diagnostic (VADPRS) and the Young mania rating scale (YMRS). The Vanderbilt ADHD diagnostic rating scale is an assessment tool used to measure ADHD symptoms and their effects on the academics and behaviors of children. The two versions are used for parents’ and teachers’ input (Khalmbule, 2021). The young rating scale is completed by a trained clinician. Manic symptoms of the individual are evaluated. The total score indicates the severity of the person’s mania. Questions range from 0-5 in intensity and frequency using 11 elements. Other informants of information may also be included. There are 5 distinct levels of severity (irritability, disorderly or aggressive behavior, and thought content. The YMRS is used more than any other mania scale (Mohammadi, 2018).
References
Khambule, N. N. (2021).
Investigating the psychometric properties of the Vanderbilt-Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity-Disorder diagnostic rating scale (VADRS) within the South African context
(Doctoral dissertation).
Mohammadi, Z., Pourshahbaz, A., Poshtmashhadi, M., Dolatshahi, B., Barati, F., & Zarei, M. (2018). Psychometric properties of the young mania rating scale as a mania severity measure in patients with bipolar I disorder.
Practice in Clinical Psychology
,
6
(3), 175-182.
Radez, J., Reardon, T., Creswell, C., Orchard, F., & Waite, P. (2022). Adolescents’ perceived barriers and facilitators to seeking and accessing professional help for anxiety and depressive disorders: a qualitative interview study.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
,
31
(6), 891-907.
Depression is a common disorder in teenagers. 41.6% of teenagers from age to 12-17 had at least one episode of major depressive disorder in 2020 (National Institute of Mental Health, 2022). Many things happen in a teenager’s life that can lead to depression, bullying, trouble at home or getting along with peers, peer pressure, and relationship issues are just a few. Depression can cause a lack of interest in activities, feelings of extreme sadness, irritability, lack of focus, and trouble sleeping (American Psychiatric Association, 2022). Severe depression can cause feelings of suicide and self-harm.
YMH Boston Vignette 5 Video
In this video I believe the practitioner did well. The client started off being very reluctant, superficial, but with the probing questions she continued to ask she was able to get him to disclose some important information. It appears that this is the first time these two individuals have met. The clinician jumped right into talking with the client. The client may have been more open at the beginning if she introduced herself or explained what their relationship would be like, including confidentiality (Sharma et al., 2019). At the finishing of the video, I would have continued assessing the client’s suicidal thoughts. I will want to find out if he has any plan or intent to act on his thoughts. If not, I would want to work with him on contracting for safety, working on talking to his parents about the thoughts. If he has a plan or intent, I would be looking at inpatient hospitalization. I would also assess if he had any homicidal ideation.
Why a thorough assessment is important
A thorough assessment is important in a child or adolescent aged client as they are typically more reluctant to talk about issues, out of fear of being in trouble or embarrassment (Sharma et al., 2019). Clinicians must be aware of this to get an accurate assessment. Collaborating with other individuals in the client’s life, such as teachers, parents, or other important people can help create a whole picture
Two different symptom rating scales
For rating depression, I would use a HAM-D or a PHQ-9 scale. The HAM-D scale is based off 17 different categories that are rated on severity of symptoms. A score of over 23 would indicate very severe depression. A score of 19-22 is severe depression, 14-18 moderate depression, 8-13 mild depression, and 0-7 normal. A PHQ-9 is a scale to rate severity of depression also. This scale consists of 10 total questions, 9 of them used to rate severity. All the categories are symptoms of major depressive symptoms. They rate how many days they have experienced these symptoms. For this scale a 1-4 would be considered minimal depression, a 5-9 mild depression, a 10-14 moderate depression, a 15-19 moderately severe depression, and a 20-27 severe depression.
Two psychiatric treatment options for children
One option for psychiatric treatment for a child is play therapy. Play therapy is good to use for children up to school age. This helps a child address and manage feelings in a way they can understand through playing with toys (Koukourikos et al., 2021). Play therapy allows a child to act out feelings and emotions that a therapist can interpret and find what they mean. Children often feel more at ease and comfortable when playing with toys, rather than expecting them to use language that an adult would use.
A second option for psychiatric treatment for a child is parent child interaction therapy. This therapy is used on children who are having a hard time connecting or interacting with their parents. You would typically see the child acting out behaviorally and unable to control their emotions (Lieneman et al., 2017). The therapist guides the parent on how to interact with the child to try to strength their relationship and work on how to handle behavioral issues.
Role guardians/parents play in assessment
For a thorough assessment it is imperative to include the guardian. The therapist needs to have a picture of everything that is going on with the child. Having a collaboration from multiple people in the child’s life would be beneficial. It also would be imperative to continue to include the guardian throughout treatment. Just to see how they think the child is progressing, if any further issues have come up. It is also important to the guardian to realize how the child may act with therapy. They may act out at times if they have had to discuss issues that trigger them. The guardian needs to be instructed of how to be supportive.
Conclusion
Childhood and adolescents can be a difficult time for children. They may need additional support at this time if they appear to be struggling with depression. There are plenty of options for the treatment of a child suffering with depression. It is imperative that guardians pay attention to their children during these times to catch symptoms more quickly and allow for treatment.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2022).
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Text Revision Dsm-5-Tr.
Amer Psychiatric.
Koukourikos, K., Tsaloglidou, A., Tzeha, L., Iliadis, C., Frantzana, A., Katsimbeli, A., & Kourkouta, L. (2021). An Overview of Play Therapy.
Materia Socio Medica
,
33
(4), 293. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2021.33.293-297
Lieneman, C., Brabson, L., Highlander, A., Wallace, N., & McNeil, C. (2017). Parent–Child Interaction Therapy: current perspectives.
Psychology Research and Behavior Management
,
Volume 10
, 239–256. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s91200
National Institute of Mental Health. (2022, January).
Major Depression
. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depression
Sharma, E., Srinath, S., Jacob, P., & Gautam, A. (2019). Clinical practice guidelines for assessment of children and adolescents.
Indian Journal of Psychiatry
,
61
(8), 158–175. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_580_18
In the assigned video, “
Vignette 5 – Assessing for Depression in a Mental Health Appointment
” Tony, a male adolescent was referred by his doctor to see a mental healthcare clinician to further screen and assess for depression and suicidality (YMH Boston, 2013). In her assessment, it is commendable how she took a moment to further clarify the objective of her questions— by offering the patient example responses to further guide his understanding to allow him to better articulate himself. The clinician also spoke with Tony directly. According to Srinath et al., (2019), “d
irect communication with the child, acknowledging the child’s understanding of the situation, and building a shared understanding, even if simplistic, is fruitful in the long run.” Recognizing risk factors that increase the likelihood of suicidal behavior, especially in patients with depression, is an important aspect of emergent psychiatric assessment. The assessment was not near thorough, there was no information about parent/guardian consent to treatment, the clinician did not explore any background history of family mental health and she also did not explore further when the patient voiced suicidal ideation.
When the patient reported that he sometimes “felt so angry that he felt like fighting people,” the clinician did not explore further. One way of pursuing this statement could be to validate how challenging/ frustrating it must be to feel that way and explore coping mechanisms—or if the patient has acted upon it. Ensuring a thorough assessment allows the optimization of safety and the development of an appropriate plan of care for the patient (Sadock et al., 2015). Furthermore, given the delicate nature of that comment, her unintentional dismissal might have been the patient’s cry for help or his first admission of this delicate knowledge, which could have badly impacted the quality of her interaction with him.
Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important.
A thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is imperative. Identifying signs and symptoms through a thorough clinical history and examination can assist in determining the presence (or absence) of a mental health issue and other critical areas of concern (Srinath et al., 2019). Placing the child within a psychosocial background, relating the presentation to his or her context, and gathering information about what has happened to the illness thus far, including what has been the treatment and response history, are necessary to fully comprehend the origins, maintenance, and factors affecting remission from the disorder (Srinath et al., 2019).
Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent.
According to the CDC (2022), suicide is the common leading cause of death in youth, ages (10-24 years). As seen in the vignette, Tony experienced a breakup with his girlfriend and had suicidal thoughts so a screening to further explode the severity of his feelings is warranted. Typically, screening methods are used to identify instances that require more clinical assessment. King et al., 2015 acknowledged that the use of screening tools can be challenging- the high sensitivity but moderate-to-low specificity. However, some screening tools have proven reliability for successful identification of suicidal behavior and depressive symptoms (Weatherly & Smith, 2019). The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) modified for teens are two tools used to screen patients with suicide ideation and depression (Weatherly & Smithith, 2019). The C-SSRS is a 6-question scale, with good sensitivity and specificity for evaluating suicide used to distinguish suicidal ideation and behavior and the PHQ-9 modified for teens is a 9-question screening tool used to assess patients with symptoms of depression and measure depression severity (Weatherly & Smith, 2019).
Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults.
There are several treatment options for children and adolescents, two of which are
play therapy
and
problem-solving therapy
. Play therapy is described as a “protected and structured environment with games and toys provided by the therapist who observes the child’s behavior and conversation to gain insight into their thoughts and feelings,” respectively and problem-solving therapy (characterized as “a therapy where the child or youth meets with their therapist to identify problems and strategize possible solutions”) (Association for Children’s Mental Health, 2015).
Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment.
These age groups are usually brought in by their parents or guardians and the chief complaint and background history from birth to present is usually provided by the parents/guardians. The parents/guardians’ role is to aid in the case formulation by providing information about the patient’s behaviors or symptoms that led to the visit. The parents/guardians play an integral role in the psychiatric assessment process of children/adolescents. According to Wheeler (2020), family involvement in treatment is appropriate to improve family interactions, keep families engaged in services, or increase their knowledge about mental health-however, the child/adolescent remains the center of the assessment. Children with conduct issues may require various systems that interact with the child; in this instance, family involvement is a critical element to both setting goals and keeping them (Wheeler 2020). The role of the parent varies in the assessment process, however, depending on the nature of the child’s visit, and other factors related to the patient’s relationship with the family, the family’s level of understanding/willingness to understand, etc.—their involvement may or may not be helpful. It is said that: “shared decision-making, with selective paternalism where needed, is the best form of practice, especially with children and families”—however, a common mistake clinicians make is the assumption that collaborating with parents is sufficient, and that interventions in children occur through parents” (Srinath et al., 2019).
References
Association for Children’s Mental Health. (2015, January 28).
Children’s mental health treatment and support: Association for Children’s mental health
. ACMH.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2022). Anxiety and depression in children. Retrievedfrom
https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/depression.html#:~:text=When%20children%20feel%20persistent%20sadness,may%20be%20diagnosed%20with%20depression.&text=Extreme%20depression%20can%20lead%20a,Read%20about%20youth%20suicide%20prevention
Links to an external site.
.
King, C. A., Berona, J., Czyz, E., Horwitz, A. G., & Gipson, P. Y. (2015). Identifying Adolescents at
Highly
Elevated Risk for Suicidal Behavior in the Emergency Department. JOURNAL OF
CHILD AND
ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, 25(2), 100–108.
https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2014.0049
Links to an external site.
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (11th ed.).
Wolters Kluwer
Srinath, S., Jacob, P., Sharma, E., & Gautam, A. (2019).
Clinical practice guidelines for
Links to an external site.
assessment of
children and adolescents Links to an external site.
Links to an external site.
.
Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 61
(2), 158–175.
http://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_580_18
Links to an external site.
Weatherly, A. H., & Smith, T. S. (2019, July 1). Effectiveness of Two Psychiatric Screening Tools for
Adolescent Suicide Risk. Pediatric Nursing, 45(4), 180.
Wheeler, K. (Ed.). (2020). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for
evidence-based practice (3rd ed.). Springer Publishing.
What did the practitioner do well? In what areas can the practitioner improve?
The practitioner did well in assessing the patient for depression. The practitioner asked the questions directly, which made the patient guarded and dismissive at first. However, the patient was willing to share their feelings and their reasons. It enables the practitioner to acquire the necessary information to help treat the patient.
At this point in the clinical interview, do you have any compelling concerns? If so, what are they?
No, I do not have any concerns.
What would be your next question, and why?
I would ask the patient if they would be willing to undergo further assessment.
To measure the willingness of the patient to accept help and their probability of absconding the evaluation
.
Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important
.
Adolescents are at a sensitive age when they experience puberty, and some do not know how to deal with it. The physical and hormonal changes make them feel misunderstood and prefer to be apart from everyone else, which brings about depression or mental illness. Thoughts of suicide and the ability to cause self-harm are critical indicators of accelerated mental disorders. Therefore, performing a thorough psychiatric assessment is crucial in preventing suicide or overdose on drugs and substances. In other words, their lives depend on the outcome of the psychiatric evaluation.
A thorough assessment is essential because it ensures easier identification of symptoms related to mental disorders or depression and anxiety. The review also helps the patient acknowledge how they feel and what attributes it has. It makes it easier for the patient to accept help and get better, especially if cooperative (Farley, 2020). Adolescents and children are quite sensitive and emotionally wired and are therefore at higher risk of having depression or mental disorders. The psychiatric assessment measures their interpersonal issues, mood, thought process, motor, speech, and memory. They enable the psychiatrist to identify the underlying problems or areas requiring further evaluation.
Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent
.
Depression
This symptom rating is the most common in adolescents and is easily identified. It can be evidenced in mood, affect, thought process, and interpersonal issues. Adolescents with depression symptoms have low spirits with feelings of not caring about anything. They also think of themselves in a common way and as the problem which makes them withdraw from those around them. They also easily disagree with their parents and feel misunderstood and frustrated
.
Substance abuse
The substance abuse risk assessment is meant to identify any influence of drugs or substances on the adolescent’s mental health. Adolescents are highly exposed to substances, especially now with the increasing use of technology and the accessibility of medicines. Most adolescents are easily influenced to engage in substance abuse and view it as an escape from their feelings of depression, anxiety, and even suicide (Fortney et al., 2017). Unidentified use of substances may lead to more problems, such as addictions or an overdose.
Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults
.
Play therapy is used in children and adolescents when they play with toys and puppets to reignite their inner child and enhance their imagination (Dulcan et al., 2017). They can put their worries aside and enjoy themselves. It might not work on adults since they might see it as silly and ineffective. Supportive therapy in adolescents uses art and music to keep their minds engaged and free from thoughts that trigger mental disorders. Engaging the children in physical activities like relaxation exercises makes the psychiatric treatment more successful.
Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment
.
Parents play the role of provider and guide to their children, but they should also learn to be their friends and confidants. They play a massive role in ensuring their children’s mental health is stable and therefore are the first to seek help anytime they notice unusual behavior. Adolescents rarely self-report their challenges in mental health since they find it difficult to acknowledge they have a problem or are scared to ask for help (Farley, 2020). Misunderstandings between parents and children tend to escalate during adolescence, and some may think their children are going through a phase and ignore the symptoms of mental disorders. Parents need to be more aware of their children’s mental health and be willing to seek help from psychiatrists
.
They also ensure that the psychiatric treatment chosen for their children is successful by cooperating with the psychiatrist’s instructions. Patience and support are essential attributes that parents should have to ensure the safety of their children. They can also undergo counseling to unlearn any unhealthy habits that may trigger their children to have mental disorders.
The articles chosen in this assignment are scholarly because.
They are peer-reviewed, and every article was cited by many scholars in their papers. This shows that the information they provide is reliable.
The articles used are within the last five years which ensures that the information provided is up-to-date and correlates with the current situation and changes.
The articles are also evidence-based with one of them being a metanalysis of the findings of different authors.
References
Dulcan, M. K., Ballard, R. R., Jha, P., & Sadhu, J. M. (2017).
Concise guide to child and adolescent psychiatry
. American Psychiatric Pub.
Farley, Holly R. EdD, RN. Assessing mental health in vulnerable adolescents. Nursing: October 2020 – Volume 50 – Issue 10 – p 48-53 doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000697168.39814.93
Fortney, J. C., Unützer, J., Wrenn, G., Pyne, J. M., Smith, G. R., Schoenbaum, M., & Harbin, H. T. (2017). A Tipping Point for Measurement-Based Care. Psychiatric Services, 68(2), 179–188. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500439
Méndez, J., Sánchez-Hernández, Ó., Garber, J., Espada, J. P., & Orgilés, M. (2021). Psychological Treatments for Depression in Adolescents: More Than Three Decades Later.
International journal of environmental research and public health
,
18
(9), 4600.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094600
Helping patients with their hygiene in nursing strengthens the provider-patient bond and improves the patient’s health. As a healthcare practitioner, it is your responsibility to determine the ideal level of hygiene for your patient’s health. There are potential drawbacks to both excessive and poor personal hygiene in nursing. It is important to assess the level of help required for each patient on a case-by-case basis because there is such diversity among healthcare facilities and individuals.
You must motivate your patients to maintain their personal hygiene. This article will discuss nursing interventions to promote hygiene and the nursing role in personal hygiene. Let’s begin by discussing the definition of hygiene in nursing. If you are looking for Hygiene in Nursing paper, visit
online nursing papers
for professional help.
What is a hygiene nurse?
The ability to engage in self-care tasks like bathing, brushing one’s teeth, using the restroom, getting dressed, eating, and grooming are some of the activities that nurses take into account to provide personal hygiene for patients in hospitals. It’s important to note that some clients’ attempts at self-care are entirely compensatory. According to Dorothea Orem’s Semantics of Caring, some patients require full assistance from the nurse and the rest of the nursing staff with their ADLs. In contrast, others are partially compensatory and can execute their ADLs with the help and assistance of another.
Maintaining a clean and healthy outside appearance is essential to practice proper personal hygiene. People who don’t care for themselves often get sick because their bodies are a breeding ground for germs. Poor personal hygiene can lead to social exclusion, exacerbating feelings of loneliness.
What are the 3 types of hygiene in nursing?
Personal hygiene in nursing can take various forms. The following is an excellent place to start when developing a personal hygiene routine for your patient:
1. Dental
Having a bright smile and strong teeth is not the only part of good dental hygiene. Gum diseases and cavities are only two dental problems that can be avoided with regular and proper dental hygiene. Observing proper dental hygiene regularly can also keep your breath fresh.
2. Body
The average human has millions of sweat glands. Body odor is produced when bacteria break down sweat.
Washing the body will remove the bacteria that cause body odor and help prevent skin irritation. Hair washing is a great way to maintain a neat appearance and eliminate oil buildup.
3. Hand washing
It is important to wash your hands frequently to reduce your risk of contracting a contagious disease. The CDC advises handwashing at specific intervals throughout the day to prevent the spread of germs. Below are some occasions when you should wash your hands:
At every stage of the cooking process
Before having a meal
Before and after taking care of patients who have been ill with diarrhea or vomiting
Before and after providing first aid to a wound
After using the restroom
After cleaning up a child’s toileting mess or changing their diaper
What are the 5 types of hygienic care?
1. Social hygienic care
Social medicine focuses on studying man as a social animal in his entire environment, which has replaced the term “social hygiene.” Social medicine encompasses various fields, such as sociology, psychiatry, psychology, and geriatrics.
2. Industrial hygiene care
In a broader sense, occupational health refers to health in the workplace. Its purview expands to include workers of all occupations and covers many health concerns.
3. School hygiene
This type of hygiene care involves clean schools and healthy students. School hygiene plays a crucial role in overall community healthcare.
4. Preventive medicine care
Community medicine is now more commonly used to describe hygiene in nursing. Immunization is the cornerstone of preventive medicine since it serves as a targeted protection technique and a broad strategy for enhancing health.
Personal hygiene care
Maintaining a state of mental and bodily well-being is what we mean when we talk about personal hygiene and health. Taking care of oneself in all areas, including mind and spirit, is important to maintaining good personal hygiene.
How to maintain hygiene at home
Having a firm grasp on the fundamentals of proper hygiene might make habit formation less of a challenge. The following areas of personal hygiene should be familiar to everyone:
· Maintaining dental hygiene
The American Dental Association (ADA) recommends two-minute toothbrushing sessions, morning and night, for optimal oral health. Using an ADA-approved fluoride toothpaste and replacing the toothbrush every three to four months is recommended. Daily flossing is another habit that the ADA recommends.
· Hand washing
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outlines these five easy procedures for proper hand washing:
Wet your hands under running water, then switch off the water and use soap.
Rub your hands together to create a lather, being sure to get the soap between your fingers, under your nails, and on the backs of your hands.
Cleanse your hands for at least 20 seconds; this can be timed by humming “Happy Birthday” twice.
Wash your hands thoroughly using clean water and a soap.
After washing, dry your hands with a clean towel or let them air dry.
· Body
Taking a shower or bath daily with soap and water is recommended to remove dirt, oil, and bacteria from the skin. The underarms, the space between the toes, and the groin are common problem regions where perspiration collects.
· Nails
One of the most significant ways to prevent dirt in your under nails is to keep them short and trimmed with sterilized instruments. Some people use a nail brush to clean under their nails as part of their regular hand-cleaning practice.
· Menstrual and genital hygiene
You should always wash your hands before and after changing tampons, pads, or any other sanitary product, and you should also change hygienic products regularly. Vaginas are naturally self-cleaning; therefore, it’s possible that using soap to clean them could disrupt the delicate balance of the vagina’s natural bacteria and lead to infections.
It is recommended that the vulva (the visible portion of the vagina) be cleaned once a day with light soap and water. The foreskin of a person who has not had their penis circumcised can be pulled back and washed with soap and warm water.
Role of nurse in personal hygiene
Nurses are ideally positioned to regularly evaluate their patients’ physical and mental health while providing direct hygiene care.
A significant portion of the nurse-patient relationship consists of routine self-care activities like bathing, brushing teeth, caring for hair and nails, and massaging.
The nurse’s role is to determine the extent of the patient’s condition and discover any resulting nursing issues.
The nurse should ask more questions about the patient’s highlighted issues.
The nurse must design a comprehensive care plan based on the collected data and established nursing principles.
The nurse is responsible for carrying out the
nursing care plan
to supply each patient with the highest possible standard of nursing care.
The nurse is responsible for assessing how well the nursing care plan meets the patient’s needs and making any necessary adjustments.
The nurse helps carry out the doctor’s directions and shares relevant patient observations and information with the doctor.
The nurse is responsible for encouraging the patient to begin self-care as soon as their condition allows it.
The nurse must utilize their understanding of pathophysiology to deliver effective hygiene education and preventative measures. The nurse must combine her anatomy, physiology, and pathology knowledge with her hygienic care skills.
Nursing interventions to promote personal hygiene
1. Bathing
Helping a patient take a bath is crucial to caring for their hygiene. Bathing also improves blood flow, eliminates filth, sweat, bacteria, and dead skin, and makes the patient feel more at ease and in routine. Patients’ preferences for how and when to take a bath may be affected by their culture, religion, and health.
Patients may need one of several distinct kinds of bathing. The first kind involves the regular fixtures seen in a bathroom, such as a shower or a bathtub. Patients who can get to the restroom and require less help showering qualify for this procedure.
2. Taking a shower in a bathroom
This bath allows for the possibility of providing aid to
Assist the affected person in locating a restroom.
Ensure the patient has used the restroom before showering them.
Make sure the bathroom stays cozy.
Turn on the water. Keep the water cool first, so it doesn’t boil and produce too much vapor. Once the water has been heated, use your elbow to determine if it is at a pleasant temperature. The optimal temperature for a refreshing dip is 115 degrees F. Inquire the patient if the water temperature is to their liking.
Provide your patient with a shower chair if necessary.
Make sure all of your personal hygiene items are in one convenient location.
Stay close by in case the patient requires more assistance.
3. Self-wash in bed
The use of this kind of bath allows for the provision of aid to
Ensure the patient gets privacy while showering
Keep the patient from getting chilled while they are showering by heating the room and providing them with linens
Explain the technique of utilizing a water basin to clean oneself
Remind the patient that they should wash their genitalia last. You should give the patient disposable wipes for genital hygiene and instruct them to throw them away in the trash bag you supply
To make you feel like you have to go to the bathroom more quickly, warm water can help. You should give the patient a bedpan and tell them why you’re giving it to them
Prepare a washbasin with warm water, filling it about three-quarters of the way; test the water’s temperature by inserting your elbow in the stream to see if it’s to your liking
Get the sink set up with water, towels, soap, a bath towel, disposable wipes, and a small bag for dirty wipes
Assist the patient in removing clothes and covering themselves with a blanket if necessary
4. Bed bath
There is a higher need for assistance with this kind of bath. Let the patient participate as actively as they feel comfortable. Before doing anything else, ensure that the room is toasty and secure by closing all windows, doors, and drawing any necessary curtains. Be prepared with a urinal or bedpan in case the patient is urged to urinate after drinking warm water. Adjust the height of the bed so that the patient is at a comfortable level.
Final remarks
A person’s social life, physical health, and emotional well-being can all benefit from their efforts to maintain a clean appearance. Practicing good hygiene entails little more than washing your hands and eating a balanced diet. The key to a healthy body and mind is establishing and sticking to a regular personal hygiene regimen.
At onlinenursingpapers.com, we can also help you complete your essay on hygiene in nursing. Throughout your academic journey, you must complete an A+ hygiene essay. Our experts will also pepper you with more insights on the role of a nurse in personal hygiene to help you in your career.
Learning essential nurse communication skills should be a section of nurse education in college school. In a hospital setting, nurses interact the most with the patients, and you can find them nearly everywhere. Effective communication in nursing brings a positive patient experience while receiving nursing care.
In nursing, essential nurse communication skills mean handling every patient to understand their opinions, experience, and concern and building a connection. Since the nurse deals with patients with different needs, a lack of effective nurse communication skills and strategies could pose a significant challenge to the nurse and the patient.
This is about patient education, interpersonal connection, and building of trust between the parties and patient engagement technologies. When the nurse successfully meets these, they have met the patient’s medical and emotional needs, and can say they have met their other job demands as well.
Communication in Nursing Practice
Communication in
nursing practice
means using verbal and non-verbal communication skills to exchange feelings, thoughts, and information among people within the healthcare system. Effective communication in nursing enables patients to convey their concerns and fears to their nurses. This helps them get the correct treatment for their illnesses. The nurse can communicate well to help eradicate the chances of mistreatment, boost the patient’s confidence and generally hasten the patient’s recovery.
You might ask, “What are the basic communication skills in nursing?” Below in this article are the various essential nurse communication skills.
Nonverbal Communication
Nurses use elements of nonverbal communication such as facial expression, gestures, tone, and direct eye contact with the patient to communicate that they are paying attention and care about what the person is telling them. These elements are essential for creating rapport.
As a nurse, smiling can significantly impact your relationship with your patient. Sitting down and listening to what they say without staring or judging can help a nurse learn about the patient’s situation helping in determining the diagnosis.
·
Verbal Communication
Excellent
verbal communication
is an essential skill for nurses. Nurses should speak accurately, clearly, and honestly, using complete sentences and a professional tone. Knowing the kind of audience, you are talking to regarding health literacy level, age, and culture helps the nurses communicate appropriately.
Ensure you use correct grammar when communicating verbally with nurse colleagues, patients, families, doctors, and other healthcare staff. Don’t let your feelings alter your interaction when going through a mental breakdown.
Using extensive medical/technical jargon and pet names may create a communication barrier between the patient and the nurse. It is important to ask patients questions and probe further using their most preferred communication method.
·
Compassion
Even though you may be going through a mental breakdown or a difficult phase in your life, ensure you maintain focus on your patient as you engage with them. When you try to be present with your patient, they will notice, even if that effort is the simple act of making eye contact. The acts of showing love and compassion are essential nurse communication skills. When interacting with the patient, express care and ensure they notice your presence. Patients can be going through so much pain or anxiety, and delivering compassion can shorten their recovery period and make them feel appreciated.
Active Listening
Active listening means settling and listening to the patient to understand their opinions, concern, or experience. The best way to actively listen is by paying attention to understand the other person’s side of the story. The highest and most effective form of listening requires complete concentration and engagement.
This skill requires the nurse not to interrupt the patients while they are communicating and to use words like “go on,” “I understand,” or “Help me understand.” That helps to build commitment and trust.
·
Personal Space
Nurses-to-nurse communication occurs within the social zone to maintain work boundaries. They often come to the patient’s personal space when providing patient care. Invading the patient’s privacy can cause psychological discomfort. The nurse should also consider the patient’s preferences when providing care to ensure they are as comfortable as possible.
·
Written Communication
This type of communication skill is essential when it comes to nurse-to-nurse communication. A nurse’s work is closely monitoring, recording, updating, and communicating a patient’s medical situation to the nurses handling the patient or doctors. A nurse should accurately write a patient’s medical report and present it. That is because it determines the patient’s best treatment possible.
As a nurse, remember to use simple language to record the patient’s medical state after every monitoring process, update the record, note down changes, and ensure that the timings and dates are up to date. That will help to reduce the cases of misdiagnosis. Ensure that the patient’s medical reports don’t fall into unauthorized hands.
·
Presentation Skills
Presentation skills are most effective when the nurses are switching patients. That mostly happens when nurses complete their shifts. The nurse on duty should have the skill of organizing the patient’s medical report, stating the current medicines the patient is under, specifying allergens, if any, indicating the pain management plan and pain levels, and the discharge instructions given by the physician.
A well-presented medical report helps to lower the chances of putting the patient at risk when being attended to by the incoming nurse. Nurses act as patient advocates. During the policy-making process, a nurse has to communicate patient needs. Thus, possessing presentation skills helps them present ideas and proposals and explain them better to the hospital management.
·
Patient Education
Nurses link the patients with their families and healthcare staff. They provide information on the patient’s health, diagnosis, medication protocols, and treatment plans. Primary healthcare nurses mostly play this role.
They educate the patients on how to care for their medical needs once they leave the hospital. Patient education includes administering injections,
monitoring vitals
, dietary plans, treatment at home, and providing health counseling and homemade equipment such as oxygen tanks.
Cultural Awareness
As a nurse, you will interact with colleagues and provide healthcare to patients from different religious, cultural, social, educational, and economic backgrounds. It is always important to be aware of the patient background to provide care without offending or making them uncomfortable.
·
Making Personal Connections
When a patient opens up and engages with you emotionally, they most likely have confidence in their health. In most cases, these patients will likely seek your services the next time they need medical attention or recommend you to their peers. Making deep connections with patients enables you to understand people differently and know how to provide care to them.
As a nurse, you can connect with the patient by listening to their childhood stories, spending some time with the patient chatting, letting them know something about you, and showing interest in their personal life.
·
Trust
Trust in the nurse–patient relationship enables the patient to engage in the process of
healthcare
provision to them. A nurse can build trust with their patient by respecting them, paying attention to time, meeting their needs, continuing to offer care, and paying attention to details.
When there is mutual trust between the nurse and patient, the patient can freely collaborate with the medical team to improve their health. As a nurse, you can build mutual trust with your patients by sharing freely with them, admitting their faults, and always speaking the truth.
Why Is Communication Important in Nursing?
Some of the importance of communication in nursing include;
·
Communication enhances understanding of a patient’s needs
The nurses are the primary caregivers to the patients. They assess their condition and monitor and evaluate the patient’s medical condition. Building a rapport with the patient will enable them to acquire important information that can aid in patient treatment.
·
It helps in understanding the emotional state of patients
During their day-to-day interactions with the patients, nurses understand their patients’ mental, physical, and emotional states. Connecting with the patient at a personal level help the nurses to acquire information that can aid in choosing an appropriate treatment plan to fasten the patient’s healing process.
·
It helps nurses to understand health determinants
Health determinants include environmental, social, and physical conditions that affect a human’s health. The nurse understands how a lack of basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, and medicine can affect the patient’s health. Effective communication in nursing helps healthcare providers understand their patient’s social determinants and improve their condition.
·
It helps in tracking changes in care
Regular communication with the patient helps the nurses to understand their concerns and needs and advocate for a change in the healthcare system. Communication also allows nurses and medical care providers to track patient healing processes.
·
It aids in identifying specialized needs
The patient’s cultural, religious, social, and economic needs are some of the specialized needs that a nurse might identify when providing care to the patient. Acquiring specialized patient needs helps the nurse communicate with the right individuals and ensure they meet them. The goal is to ensure patients receive quality care without compromising their needs.
What are the 5 Cs of communication in healthcare?
Nurses and other medical staff must follow a particular protocol to deliver quality patient care when providing health care services. These protocols fall into the 5Cs of care. You might be asking, “What are the 5 Cs of communication in healthcare?”
The 5C’s of communication in healthcare include compassion, commitment, care, communication, and competence.
Are you looking for an expert to explain communication Skills?
We have a team of experts that will answer frequently asked questions by students like, “why is communication an essential nursing skill?” As a student, understanding communication skills might be challenging or time-consuming. If you have a school project on essential nurse communication skills, talk to us. We will be glad to offer guidance.
Writing college essays is a challenging task for most students. It is a complex and time-consuming task compared to other tasks that you will encounter. Understanding the
college essay
outline template is the first step to writing a first-class essay.
A college essay outline will help you organize your thoughts and save you time in the long run. Browse through this article to get more insights into how to write an essay outline for college.
What is a college essay outline?
A college essay outline is a simple framework that helps ensure your paper has a logical flow. An essay outline is the best cheat code to use if you are stranded on what to include in your essay outline. A well-organized college application essay will convince admissions officers that the applicant has thought things through and can articulate their ideas coherently.
Admissions officers may fail to appreciate your worth to the university if you fail to submit a quality admission essay. The first step of writing a college essay outline is understanding the format you should follow.
Format for a college essay outline
Writing a college essay can be a cakewalk as long as you understand the college essay outline template. A student can accomplish the assignment without having to buy custom college essays if they use a template to assist them through the process. An application essay can be written using the same format as any other type of essay. A standard structure consists of an introduction, a main body, and a conclusion.
· Introduction
A well-written introduction is a cornerstone of writing an A+ application essay. An informative introduction is always essential for any essay you write throughout your college education. An introduction is always important, whether writing a personal statement essay for college or a response to a contemporary societal issue.
The introduction is the first step in developing a college essay outline. A reader’s interest must be piqued in the opening section of the introduction. The hook is the first sentence of your essay that is meant to catch the reader’s attention.
The writer should summarize the key arguments to be covered in the body paragraphs in the opening paragraph. The thesis statement, which is often the paper’s final sentence, provides a concise summary of the paper’s argument.
· Body paragraphs
The body of your essay should aim at discussing your argument or presenting your evidence. Paragraphs in the main body are typically divided into three parts. Every paragraph in this essay has the main points that you will use to develop and examine the section.
A great college essay body paragraph will have a
research topic
sentence at the beginning that explains what is discussed in that section. The rest of the section evolves from just one sentence.
· Conclusion
The conclusion to a college paper is typically the most straightforward section to write because all it does is recap the introduction and body paragraphs. The conventional format of this section begins with a restatement of the thesis statement, which serves to refresh the reader’s memory of the paper’s central argument. The final statement should neatly summarize everything and make it apparent that this is the final section of the text.
How to outline a college essay
An essay outline can be completed with little effort. Here are some tips you should keep in mind when writing your college essay outline:
1. Get creative and select an ideal topic
Make a list of topics you could consider talking about in your essay. Get as many ideas down as you can without worrying about whether or not they make sense. For the next five minutes, write down everything that comes to mind.
After making a list, consider which topics seem most relevant to you and the task at hand. Several subjects could be merged into a single, more substantial one.
2. Develop some evidence to support your points
After selecting a discussion topic, you should evaluate whether or not you have sufficient evidence to back up your points. Create an old-fashioned web of ideas to see how your points are related to your main topic.
Circle the area of the page where you’ve written your topic. Connect the dots between related concepts by drawing lines and circles. Once more, try not to censor your inner thoughts and instead just let it all out. At this stage, you should determine whether or not this issue is worth pursuing further and whether or not you can connect multiple concepts to it.
3. Classify your thoughts
Consider the question, “In what section of the college essay outline template would they fit?” An outline typically consists of three sections: the introduction, the main body, and the conclusion. At some point, you will have to organize your list of ideas and turn it into an outline. It will assist you in organizing your thoughts and getting rid of the ones that aren’t as good or don’t match your evidence.
4. Create an essay outline draft following an example
You can always spend a short amount of time following outline examples to get a firm grasp of what you should be aiming for if the above steps seem too daunting.
5. Begin writing your essay
After outlining your ideas, you’ll find it much easier to sit down and start writing your college essay. All the above necessary steps to completing your order have been considered when writing your paper.
Outline examples of a college essay
Below are some outline examples of college essay formats for expository and argumentative essays.
1. Argumentative college essay outline
This is a brief argumentative essay outline that analyzes how the internet has affected learning. It sums up each point with concise sentences. The body of the essay is divided into three paragraphs, each of which presents arguments regarding a different facet of how the internet affects education.
Example
Introduction
The significance of the internet
Issues regarding the use of the internet
Thesis statement: Internet usage has a net positive impact.
The negative impact of the internet on focus
The distractions of a smartphone in class
Information examining this impact
Research suggests that it is exaggerated
Lack of patience when reading
The progression of students’ reading levels
Reasons why this data is suspicious
The flexibility offered by the internet
A variety of mediums to appeal to various learners
Video content
Interactive media platforms
Easy access to independent research methods
Online research is quick and easy
Uncertainties regarding credibility (transitioning into the next topic)
Utilization of Wikipedia by college students
Cons of using Wikipedia
Indicators of its prevalence
Alleges that it deters participation in academic writing
Pros of using Wikipedia
Proof that Wikipedia forbids students from citing it
The claim is that it teaches students how to cite
Conclusion
A list of the main points
The importance of digital learning for students
The need for enthusiasm to make use of the internet’s benefits
2. Expository college essay outline
This is a sample outline for a paper that will explain how the printing press revolutionized life and politics in Europe. In an expository essay, individual topics are described in complete sentences, but the paragraphs are still presented in brief phrases.
Example
Introduction
Suggest that the invention of the printing press signifies the end of the Middle Ages.
Describe the low levels of literacy that existed before the invention of the printing press.
Articulate the thesis: The printing press accelerated the spread of knowledge throughout Europe and paved the path for the Revolution.
The functionalities before the introduction printing press
Talk about the high rates of illiteracy in medieval Europe.
Describe how the world of the religious and political elites was mostly one of illiteracy and, consequently, knowledge and education.
Describe the printing press inhibited political and religious reform.
The development and use of the printing press
Explain how Johannes Gutenberg created the printing press in 1440.
Describe how the new technology will affect the publishing of books.
Describe how the Gutenberg Bible was printed and how quickly technology spread.
Connection to the Reformation.
The Reformation and the Printing Revolution
Talk about the prevalence of Bible translations into regional languages in the decades after the development of the printing press.
Describe Luther’s unique Bible translation during the Reformation.
Illustrate the broad implications of the Reformation for both politics and religion.
Conclusion
Give a summary of the history that has been described.
Highlight the role that the printing press played in the historical events of this time.
Wrapping it up
You must complete all of the essays that you are assigned in your high school and college. The format of persuasive, expository, and narrative essays is the same, although they differ slightly depending on the assignment’s requirements and your familiarity with academic writing. Your chance to create a flawless essay that earns you top grades is determined by your ability to distinguish those differences and understand your college essay outline.
A college essay outline is essential as it will help you organize the facts and ensure that you don’t forget anything while writing. You can compose papers within a short period and effectively if you comprehend how to draft an essay outline. At onlinenursingpapers.com, we have a team of professionals who will guide you on how to write a college essay outline. Subscribe to our services today.