Category: Nursing

  • Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Hospital acquired infections are common in most hospital settings particularly in the surgical, critical care unit, intensive care unit and the emergency department. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) statistics, over 2 million hospitalized patients get hospital-acquired infections when receiving treatment (Adegboye et al., 2018). This necessitates organizational readiness and cultural changes focused on resolving this problem. In my organization, the level of preparedness is evident in the culture whereby an adequate nurse patient ratio is maintained to prevent chain transmission through multiple provider contact. Protocols have also been put in place to ensure high hygiene standards. However, an implementation barrier exists following lack of…

    Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    In order to formulate your evidence-based practice (EBP), you need to assess your organization. In this assignment, you will be responsible for setting the stage for EBP. This assignment is conducted in two parts: an organizational cultural and readiness assessment and the proposal/problem statement and literature review, which you completed in NUR-550.

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    Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment

    It is essential to understand the culture of the organization in order to begin assessing its readiness for EBP implementation. Select an appropriate organizational culture survey tool and use this instrument to assess the organization’s readiness. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Develop an analysis of 250 words from the results of the survey, addressing your organization’s readiness level, possible project barriers and facilitators, and how to integrate clinical inquiry, providing strategies that strengthen the organization’s weaker areas.

    Make sure to include the rationale for the survey category scores that were significantly high and low, incorporating details or examples. Explain how to integrate clinical inquiry into the organization.

    Submit a summary of your results. The actual survey results do not need to be included.

    Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    In NUR-550, you developed a PICOT statement and literature review for a population quality initiative. In 500-750 words, include the following:

    Refine your PICOT into a proposal or problem statement.

    Provide a summary of the research you conducted to support your PICOT, including subjects, methods, key findings, and limitations. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    General Guidelines:

    You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

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    You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

    Note: After submitting the assignment, you will receive feedback from the instructor. Use this feedback to make revisions for your final paper submission. This will be a continuous process throughout the course for each section. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Evidence-Based Practice Proposal

    Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment

    Hospital acquired infections are common in most hospital settings particularly in the surgical, critical care unit, intensive care unit and the emergency department. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) statistics, over 2 million hospitalized patients get hospital-acquired infections when receiving treatment (Adegboye et al., 2018). This necessitates organizational readiness and cultural changes focused on resolving this problem. In my organization, the level of preparedness is evident in the culture whereby an adequate nurse patient ratio is maintained to prevent chain transmission through multiple provider contact. Protocols have also been put in place to ensure high hygiene standards. However, an implementation barrier exists following lack of policies reinforcing these protocols. Limited resources such as water also increase the risk of HAIs and undermine implementation.

    Integration of clinical inquiry in a healthcare organization forms a basis for resolution of healthcare problems. This has helped understand the causes of increased cases of HAIs and encouraged brainstorm in seeking for the most effective solution. Through this, the hospital has been able to employ interdisciplinary and interprofessional collaboration efforts in recognizing the importance of handwashing in the effective control of infectious disease transmission in the facility (Keller, McMillion & Ammon, 2018). According to experts, hands provide a relevant pathogen transmission route due to the frequency of contact with the other body parts as well as other people and external factors such as surfaces. Clinical inquiry is essential in healthcare in pursuit of understanding the pathology of communicable diseases and how multi-drug resistant infectious diseases are spread from one person to another in hospitals (Fox et al., 2015).

    Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Clinical Question/PICOT Statement

    Among hospitalized patients aged 18 years or older (P), how does washing hands using soap and water (I) compared to using hand sanitizers(C), help to reduce incidences of HAIs (O) within 3 months (T)?

    Summary of research

    More specifically, in the US, one out of 136 patients gets seriously ill because of HAIs. This equates to 1.7 million cases annually causing additional costs of between US$ 4.0–5.0 billion and an estimated 90 000 deaths (Haverstick et al., 2017). In most hospitals, handwashing is the most important and effective infection control procedure that prevents transmission of pathogens from person to person. According to the findings by the World Health Organization (WHO), handwashing with soap and water has a scientific basis and the most appropriate intervention that reduces the transmission costs of pathogens and the rates of HAIs (Haverstick et al., 2017). When combined with other infection control strategies, handwashing produces better results. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    The population within 18 years of age and above is considerably independent in comparison to children and adolescents. This can be translated to the healthcare setting even though not exclusively often because of the nature of illnesses, mental and physical condition of an individual which influence self-care. This observation has also been backed by the fact that the hospitals inpatient department hosts a large number of the adult population from age 18 years. This is why the project seeks to provide a solution that reduces the associated health risk among this group of people.

    To get make this decision; I employed an inquiry method of data collection. This involved observation of the patient and the hospital staff and their culture with regards to maintenance of hygiene standards and adherence. I also collected information from the inpatients through questionnaires and interviews. Notably, I conducted a systematic review of multiple literature materials on the hospital acquired information, the mode of transmissions, rates and impacts in the health society as well as prevention. For instance, a research by King et al. (2016), notes that the CDC published revised guidelines and policies in 2002 on handwashing practices in healthcare settings that all healthcare organizations are required to adhere to.

    Through the literature material examined, secondary and primary research conducted, multiple findings were obtained. This includes the global and national statistics of HAIs and the involvement role of CDC and WHO in prevention. In addition, the pathology and impacts as well as the rates of spread have been obtained from the research (Haverstick et al., 2017).. This has given more insight regarding the illnesses and the impacts of prevention through handwashing using water. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review. Adegboye et al. (2018) describe HAIs as infections that develop within 48 hours or more after admission in a healthcare setting or 30 days after receiving care. He also notes that the infections are of public health significance since they contribute to mortalities, morbidities, increased costs of care, prolonged admissions and pose a threat to the safety of patients. On the other hand, King et al. (2016) identifies poor practices of hand hygiene among medical staff as the major contributor to high incidences of HAIs.

    The limitation of the research was limited evidence-based literature material whereby only few researchers have examined HIAs and the impact of handwashing with water over the use of sanitizers. This calls for further research in the future to ensure that the subject is extensively assessed in an effort to prevent the acquisition of HAIs.

     

    References

    Adegboye, M. B., Zakari, S., Ahmed, B. A., & Olufemi, G. H. (2018). Knowledge, awareness, and practice of infection control by health care workers in the intensive care units of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
    African health sciences
    , 
    18
    (1), 72-78. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

    Fox, C., Wavra, T., Drake, D. A., Mulligan, D., Bennett, Y. P., Nelson, C., … & Bader, M. K. (2015). Use of a patient hand hygiene protocol to reduce hospital-acquired infections and improve nurses’ hand washing. 
    American Journal of Critical Care
    , 
    24
    (3), 216-224.

    Haverstick, S., Goodrich, C., Freeman, R., James, S., Kullar, R., & Ahrens, M. (2017). Patients’ handwashing and reducing hospital-acquired infection.
    Critical care nurse
    , 
    37
    (3), e1-e8.

    Keller, M., McMillion, A., & Ammon, A. (2018). 305 Battling the Bugs: Reducing Hospital-Acquired Infections Through Interprofessional Collaboration. 
    Journal of Burn Care & Research
    , 
    39
    (suppl_1), S122-S122.

    King, D., Vlaev, I., Everett-Thomas, R., Fitzpatrick, M., Darzi, A., & Birnbach, D. J. (2016). “Priming” hand hygiene compliance in clinical environments. 
    Health Psychology
    , 
    35
    (1), 96. Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section A: Organizational Culture and Readiness Assessment and Section B: Proposal/Problem Statement and Literature Review

  • NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    NUR-550

    NUR-550-XO0905XB

    Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    160.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    Less than Satisfactory (80.00%)

    Satisfactory (88.00%)

    Good (92.00%)

    Excellent (100.00%)

    Content

    70.0%

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Financially Sound Health Care Policy That Incorporates the Nursing Perspective and Relevant Ethical, Legal, and Political Factors (2.1)

    20.0%

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is not included.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is present.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

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    Integration of Appropriate State, Federal, and Global Health Policies and Goals Related to Equitable Health Care for Populations (4.2)

    20.0%

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is not included. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is present.

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Advocacy Strategies for Improving Access, Quality, and Cost-Effective Health Care for Diverse Populations (2.2)

    10.0%

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is not included.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is present.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    The Professional and Moral Obligation of Advanced Registered Nurses to Respect Human Dignity and Advance the Common Good Through Working to Promote Health and Prevent Disease Among Diverse Populations from a Christian Perspective (4.3)

    15.0%

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is not included.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is present.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Required Sources

    5.0%

    Sources are not included.

    Number of required sources is only partially met. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.

    Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Organization and Effectiveness

    20.0%

    Thesis Development and Purpose

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    7.0%

    Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

    Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

    Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

    Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

    Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

    Argument Logic and Construction

    8.0%

    Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

    Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

    Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

    Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

    Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Format

    10.0%

    Paper Format (Use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

    5.0%

    Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.

    Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

    Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

    All format elements are correct.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

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    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

    Total Weightage

    100%

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

  • Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Shadow Health Assessment Assignment

     
    You will complete all assessment assignments using the 
    Shadow
    Health
      virtual reality simulation platform.

    Introduction and Pre-brief

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    WE SCORE 100% AND HANDLE THE SOAP NOTE

    JUST CHAT US AT THE BELOW RIGHT CORNER 

    Mrs. Esther Park is a 78-year-old woman who comes to the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. She reports that the pain isn’t severe, but that her daughter was concerned and brought her in. It is very important to determine whether or not the situation is an emergency and the underlying cause of Esther’s discomfort. Be sure to inquire about a variety of psychosocial factors related to the GI system, including her diet, toilet habits, immunizations, recent travel, etc. This case study will offer you the opportunity to take a complete surgical, reproductive, and current sexual history. During her physical examination, take particular note as to where Mrs. Park verbalizes pain during palpation so that you may synthesize verbal and non-verbal cues. Be sure to apply the supportive information learned in this week’s concept lab to your critical thinking process in this case study. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

     

    Transcript

    Started:
     Apr 02, 2020 | 
    Total Time:
     198 min

    All Lines (231)
    Interview Questions (124)
    Statements (15)
    Exam Actions (92)

    Hello. My name is Jones, and i will be interviewing you today, and later do a physical examination. Welcome to the clinic

    Greet

    04/02/xx 11:25 AM PDT

    Hello.

    What is your name?

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:25 AM PDT

    Esther Park.

    What brings to the clinic today?

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:26 AM PDT

    I have some pain in my belly. . . and I’m having difficulty going to the bathroom. My daughter was worried about me.

    i am sorry you are having pain in your belly.

    Empathize

    04/02/xx 11:27 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    Whxxx?

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:27 AM PDT

    It xxxx

    I am sorry to hear this.

    Empathize

    04/02/xx 11:28 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    Are yoxxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:28 AM PDT

    I xxxx

    How long xxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:29 AM PDT

    The xxxx

    Has thexxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:29 AM PDT

    Well, the txxx

    Where is thexxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:30 AM PDT

    The xxx

    Have you xxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:30 AM PDT

    No, no. The xxxx

    Is the pain inxxxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:31 AM PDT

    Well my xxxx

    How would xxx

    Question

    04/02/xx 11:32 AM PDT

    Right now.xxx

    can youxxx

    Question

    04/02/2x 11:32 AM PDT

    I’d say it’sxxxx

    is thexxx

    Question

    04/02/2x 11:32 AM PDT

    Yes. Certain things can make it a tiny bit better or a tiny bit worse, I suppose. But it’s always there.

    Does xxxx

    Question

    04/02/2x 11:33 AM PDT

    Well, the type of pain never changes. And it’s always in the same place. But it did get worse two or three days ago.

    What cccc

    Question

    04/02/2x 11:33 AM PDT

    I’m not taking anything for it.

    Sure, less movements can help relieve pain.

    Educate

    04/02/2x 11:34 AM PDT

    Thank you for explaining that.

    Have you xxxx

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Question

    04/02/2x 11:35 AM PDT

    I’m xxxxxfor it.

    .

    .

    .

    CHAT US TO ORDER SHADOW HEALTH ASSESSMENT HELP 

    Subjective Data Collection: 32 of 32 (100.0%)

    Hover To Reveal…

    Hover over the 
    Patient Data
     items below to reveal important information, including 
    Pro Tips
     and 
    Example Questions
    .

    Found:

     Indicates an item that you found.

    Available:

     Indicates an item that is available to be found. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Category

    Scored Items

    Experts selected these topics as essential components of a strong, thorough interview with this patient.

    Patient Data

    Not Scored

    A combination of open and closed questions will yield better patient data. The following details are facts of the patient’s case.

    Chief Complaint

    Finding:

    Established chief complaint

    Finding:

    Reports abdominal pain

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Abdominal pain can be caused by problems in the underlying organs, peritoneum, muscles, or blood vessels, changes in electrolytes or other blood contents, or even anxiety. Asking for details about the pain helps to determine the origin. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

    Example Question:

    Do you have any abdominal pain?

    Finding:

    Reports difficulty “going to the bathroom”

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Understanding all of a patient’s reason for visiting is an important foundation to establish. If there are multiple symptoms, follow up on each one during your interview.

    Example Question:

    Are you able to make a bowel movement?

    History of Present Illness

    Finding:

    Asked about oxxx

    Finding:

    Reports a feeling of xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Wxxxx

    Example Question:

    How xxxx

    Finding:

    Reports pain with xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Whenever you are assessing a symptom or a health condition, inquiring about xxxx. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

    Example Question:

    Has thexxxx

    Finding:

    Asked about xxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Identification of the location of your patient’s discomfort can provide important clues about its cause and how it should be best treated.

    Example Question:

    Where is your discomfort located?

    Finding:

    Reports pain is not localized

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: xxxx Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    Is the xxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports attempts to treat pain by drinking small sips of warm water

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Flank pain often occurs with disorders of the urinary tract. When a patient complains of flank pain, assess for co-occurring symptoms such as fever, chills, hematuria, and dysuria.

    Example Question:

    Do you have pain on your sides?

    Finding:

    Confirmed pain rating on a scale

    Finding:

    Reports painxxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: For many people, it is difficult to clearly dxxxx.

    Example Question:

    How would you rate your pain on a scale of one to ten?

    Finding:

    Asked aboutxxxx

    Finding:

    Describes xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking your patient toxhelps identify its xxxcause and the severity. Patients may not know how to answer, so you may need to suggest words like xxxx

    Example Question:

    Can you xxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports pain is ixxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask your patient if her pain is xxx in order to determine her level of discomfort and identify the cause of the pain. xxxx pain is often best managed with around-the-clock pain medications. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    Is your painxxxx

    Finding:

    Asked about xxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports that resting helps

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to assess the nature of pain by asking about xxx. If you know your patient is taking xxxx, asking about the medication’s xxxx can help you xxxx.

    Example Question:

    What xxx?

    Finding:

    Reports attempts to xxxx

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: Asking about how your patient has been xxxx. The results of her previous treatment may be helpful in your diagnosis and the development of her new xxxx, as well as a good opportunity toxxx your patient on xxxx.

    Example Question:

    How have you been xxx?

    Finding:

    Reports xxxstomach

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about how your patient has been nxxxxes her current condition and her approach to xxxx. The results of her previous treatment may be helpful in your xxxand the development of her xxx, as well as a good opportunity to x. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow healxxxxth assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    Have you xxx?

    Finding:

    Asked about xxxx

    Finding:

    Reports pain is aggravated by eating

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking you patient what aggravates her pain can point to factors that exacerbate symptoms and the ways in which your patient is approaching self-care.

    Example Question:

    Is the painxxx by xxx

    Finding:

    Reports xx by xx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking you patient what aggravates her pain can point to factors that exacerbate symptoms and the ways in which your patient is approaching self-care.

    Example Question:

    Is the pain aggravated by xxx

    Finding:

    Asked about activities of daily life

    Finding:

    Reports recent difficulty participating in usual activities

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about changes in activity level will help determine the level of disability caused by your patient’s condition. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    How has your xxx?

    Finding:

    Reports low xxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about x will help determine thxxe level of xxxxcaused by your patient’sxxxx.

    Example Question:

    Do you have x?xx

    Finding:

    Asked aboutxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports current xxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: In xxx patients, xxx is often caused byxx, xxxx side effects, xxx diets, and difficulty ambulating to the toilet, which can result in deliberate retention of   xxx

    Example Question:

    Are you xxxx?

    Finding:

    Reports no history of xxxx

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: x

    Example Question:

    Are you xxx

    Finding:

    Followed up aboutxxx

    Finding:

    Reports constipation for 5 days

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Whenever you are assessing a symptom or a health condition, inquiring about x assxxesses the xxxx and the xxx of the problem.

    Example Question:

    For how long have you beenxxxx

    Finding:

    Reports no attempt to treat xxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about how your patient has been managing her pain assesses her current condition and her approach to self-care. The results of her previous treatment may be helpful in your diagnosis and the development of her new treatment plan, as well as a good opportunity to educate your patient on effective self-care practices.

    Example Question:

    How have you tried to treat thexxxx

    Finding:

    Asked about xxxx

    Finding:

    Reports recent xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Whenever you are assessing a symptom or a health condition, inquiring about onset assesses the severity and the progression of the problem. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

    Example Question:

    Have you recently had xxx

    Finding:

    Followed up about xxxx

    Finding:

    Reports xxxx

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask about changes in stool characteristics because it may be a sign of a new onset of a gastrointestinal disease or disorder. xxxx is a common symptom of inflammatory bowel diseases, food allergies and intolerance, gastrointestinal infections, and many other conditions.

    Example Question:

    How long ago did you xxxx

    Finding:

    Reports xxxx had a sudden onset

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask about changes in stool characteristics because it may be a sign of a new onset of a gastrointestinal disease or disorder. xxx is a common symptom of inflammatory bowel diseases, food allergies and intolerance, gastrointestinal infections, and many other conditions.

    Example Question:

    Did the xxxx happen suddenly?

    Finding:

    Reports diarrhea lasted one day

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask about changes in stool characteristics because it may be a sign of a new onset of a gastrointestinal disease or disorder. Diarrhea is a common symptom of inflammatory bowel diseases, food allergies and intolerance, gastrointestinal infections, and many other conditions.

    Example Question:

    How long did your diarrhea last?

    Finding:

    Describes diarrhea as loose and watery

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: Asking a patient who has diarrhea to describe her stool helps identify its cause and the severity. Patients may not know how to answer, so you may need to suggest words like frothy, greasy, floating, or watery. It is also important to inquire about the presence of blood or mucus. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

    Example Question:

    How would you describe the diarrhea?

    Finding:

    Asked about bowel movement patterns

    Finding:

    Reports last bowel movement 3 days ago

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Whenever you are assessing a symptom or a health condition, inquiring about onset assesses the severity and the progression of the problem.

    Example Question:

    When did the constipation start?

    Finding:

    Reports some discomfort during bowel movement

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask about changes in stool characteristics because it may be a sign of a new onset of a gastrointestinal disease or disorder.

    Example Question:

    Do you have pain during bowel movements?

    Finding:

    Last bowel movement was diarrhea

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: It’s important to ask about changes in stool characteristics because it may be a sign of a new onset of a gastrointestinal disease or disorder. Diarrhea is a common symptom of inflammatory bowel diseases, food allergies and intolerance, gastrointestinal infections, and many other conditions.

    Example Question:

    What was the character of your last bowel movement?

    Finding:

    Reports no mucus in stool

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: While small amounts of mucus may be present in normal stool, increased mucus in the stool is associated with a variety of intestinal disorders.

    Example Question:

    Has there been mucus in your stool?

    Finding:

    Reports no blood in stool

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Bloody stool is an alarming symptom that indicates bleeding in the digestive tract. Bright red bloody stool suggests bleeding in the colon or rectum. Bloody stool that appears black or tarry suggests bleeding in upper digestive tract, such as the small intestine or stomach.

    Example Question:

    Has there been blood in your stool?

    Finding:

    Reports typically having a bowel movement almost every day

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about usual bowel movements facilitates baseline data collection. Asking specifically about bowel movement frequency aids in the identification of abnormalities.

    Example Question:

    How many bowel movements do you typically have per week?

    Finding:

    Reports stools usually brown, formed, and soft

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Asking about usual bowel movements facilitates baseline data collection. Asking specifically about bowel movement frequency aids in the identification of abnormalities. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

    Example Question:

    Can you describe a typical bowel movement?

    Finding:

    Asked about urination

    Finding:

    Reports recent, slight decrease in frequency of urination

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Frequency of urination can be an important clue to many underlying conditions. It’s important to ask whether your patient has noticed changes in her typical habits.

    Example Question:

    Have you had any changes in the frequency of your urination?

    Finding:

    Reports darker urine recently

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Darker urination can be an important clue to many underlying conditions like cirrhosis or hepatitis. It’s important to ask whether your patient has noticed changes in her typical urinary patterns.

    Example Question:

    Has your urine been darker recently?

    Finding:

    Reports no blood in urine

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Blood in the urine can be an important clue to many underlying conditions like cancer or kidney problems. It’s important to ask whether your patient has noticed changes in her typical urinary patterns.

    Example Question:

    Have you had blood in your urine?

    Medical History

    Finding:

    Asked about medications

    Finding:

    Reports blood pressure medication

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: The medication that a patient takes will indicate any relevant health conditions, their treatment plan, and how well they comply with it. Asking about relevant medication will help you to treat your patient.

    Example Question:

    Do you take medication for your blood pressure?

    Finding:

    Reports Accupril

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: The medication that a patient takes will indicate any relevant health conditions, their treatment plan, and how well they comply with it. Asking about relevant medication will help you to treat your patient.

    Example Question:

    What medication do you take for your blood pressure?

    Finding:

    Accupril is 10 mg

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: The medication that a patient takes will indicate any relevant health conditions, their treatment plan, and how well they comply with it. Asking about relevant medication will help you to treat your patient.

    Example Question:

    What dose of blood pressure medication do you take?

    Finding:

    Taken daily at 8 a.m.

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: The medication that a patient takes will indicate any relevant health conditions, their treatment plan, and how well they comply with it. Asking about relevant medication will help you to treat your patient. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    When did you last take blood pressure medication?

    Finding:

    Reports no OTC use

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Patients should always be asked specifically about over-the-counter medications, as many patients will overlook talking about them. Over-the-counter medications can cause medical complications of their own or can indicate medical problems that your patient has been attempting to self-treat.

    Example Question:

    Do you take any over-the-counter medications?

    Finding:

    Asked about allergies

    Finding:

    Reports latex allergy

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Latex allergies can cause severe and even life-threatening consequences. Always asking specifically about allergies can help ensure that your patient does not receive medication or treatment that will do her harm.

    Example Question:

    Are you allergic to latex?

    Finding:

    Reports no medication allergies

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Medication allergies can cause severe and even life-threatening consequences. Always asking specifically about these allergies can help ensure that your patient does not receive medication that will do her harm.

    Example Question:

    Are you allergic to any medications?

    Finding:

    Reports no food allergies

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Knowing your patient’s food allergies prevents your patient from receiving harmful food, and it helps to identify specific allergies–such as shellfish or eggs–which can contraindicate the administration of common medications or treatments that include derivatives of these substances.

    Example Question:

    Do you have any food allergies?

    Finding:

    Asked about general known health conditions

    Finding:

    Reports hypertension

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: It’s best to determine specifically whether or not the condition has been diagnosed by a healthcare professional.

    Example Question:

    Do you have high blood pressure?

    Finding:

    Diagnosed with hypertension at age 54

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: Learning the diagnosis date of your patient’s illness is an essential element of the illness’s history.

    Example Question:

    At what age were you diagnosed with hypertension? Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Finding:

    Asked about relevant gastrointestinal history

    Finding:

    Reports no history of gastrointestinal disorders

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Broad open questions are efficient and useful in eliciting a large amount of information from your patient. Asking about any gastrointestinal problems helps guide your assessment.

    Example Question:

    Do you have any GI conditions?

    Finding:

    Reports no history of GERD, heartburn, or ulcer

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: If a patient has a history of GERD, ulcer, heartburn, or perceived indigestion, it could contribute to her present condition.

    Example Question:

    Do you have a history of heartburn?

    Finding:

    Reports no history of appendicitis

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: In patients with lower quadrant abdominal pain, confirming a previous appendectomy can help rule out appendicitis as a cause for her current symptoms. It is important to note that elderly patients with appendicitis may present atypically and often lack certain classic symptoms such as rebound tenderness, right lower quadrant pain, fever, and anorexia.

    Example Question:

    Have you ever had appendicitis?

    Finding:

    Reports no history of stomach cancer

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: If a patient has a history of stomach cancer, abdominal pain could be a sign of recurrence.

    Example Question:

    Do you have a history of stomach cancer?

    Finding:

    Reports no history of liver disease

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A history of liver disease could cause additional gastrointestinal complaints for a patient.

    Example Question:

    Do you have a history of liver disease?

    Finding:

    Asked about relevant history of surgery

    Finding:

    Reports c-section

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Information about your patient’s pregnancy complications can provide you with insight into past medical conditions. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    Did you have any complications during pregnancy?

    Finding:

    C-section at age 40

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Information about your patient’s pregnancy can provide you with insight into past medical conditions.

    Example Question:

    At what age did you have a C-section?

    Finding:

    Reports cholecystectomy

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Information about your patient’s past surgeries can provide you with insight into past medical conditions.

    Example Question:

    Have you had your gallbladder removed?

    Finding:

    Cholecystectomy at age 42

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: Establishing a timeline about your patient’s past surgeries can provide you with insight into past medical conditions.

    Example Question:

    At what age did you have your gallbladder removed?

    Finding:

    Reports no post-operative complications

    (Available)

    Pro Tip: Asking about any postoperative complications in your patient’s history may provide information relevant to identifying her present condition.

    Example Question:

    Did you have any complications after your surgery?

    Social History

    Finding:

    Asked about diet

    Finding:

    Reports last meal was toast at breakfast

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about her last meal will indicate her typical eating habits and allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications.

    Example Question:

    What was your last meal?

    Finding:

    Typically eats 3 meals

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about what she typically eats will allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications.

    Example Question:

    How many meals do you typically eat in a day?

    Finding:

    Typically does not eat snacks

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about what she typically has for a snack will allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications.

    Example Question:

    What is a typical snack for you?

    Finding:

    Typical breakfast is a piece of fruit

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about what she typically eats for breakfast will allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications.

    Example Question:

    What do you usually eat for breakfast?

    Finding:

    Typical lunch is soup, sometimes skips lunch

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about what she typically eats for lunch will allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    What do you usually eat for lunch?

    Finding:

    Typical dinner is chicken or fish with vegetables and rice

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A healthy and balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health. Asking Esther about what she typically eats for dinner will allow you to assess whether her eating habits put her at risk of cardiovascular disease or other health complications.

    Example Question:

    What do you usually eat for dinner?

    Finding:

    Asked about fiber intake

    Finding:

    Reports no fiber supplements

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A high fiber diet helps to reduce constipation. Asking Esther if she takes fiber supplements will help you to assess whether she gets enough fiber in her diet.

    Example Question:

    Do you take fiber supplements?

    Finding:

    Reports belief that she gets enough fiber

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A high fiber diet helps to reduce constipation. Asking Esther about her fiber consumption will help you to assess whether she gets enough fiber in her diet.

    Example Question:

    Do you think you get enough fiber?

    Finding:

    Reports getting fiber from a daily vegetable

    (Found)

    Pro Tip: A high fiber diet helps to reduce constipation. Asking Esther what sources of fiber she eats will help you to assess whether she gets enough fiber in her diet. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Example Question:

    What sources of fiber do you eat?

    Finding:

    Reports getting fiber from a daily piece of fruit

    .

    .

    .

    Objective Data Collection: 26 of 26 (100%)

     Correct

     Partially correct

     Incorrect

     Missed

     Inspected head and face

    1 of 1 point

    Skull Symmetry 
    (1/3 point)

     Symmetric

     Asymmetric

    Facial Feature Symmetry 
    (1/3 point)

     Symmetric

     Asymmetric

    Appearance 
    (1/3 point)

     No visible abnormal findings

     Flushed appearance

     Rash or lesion

     Skin growths (freckles, moles, or birth mark)

     Excessive hair growth

     Evidence of skin trauma (scar, laceration, or bruising)

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

     Inspected nasal mucosa

    1 of 1 point

    Appearance 
    (1/1 point)

     Moist and pink

     Dry appearance

     Redness

     Inspected mouth

    1 of 1 point

    Oral Mucosa 
    (1/1 point)

     Moist and pink

     Dry appearance

     Redness

     Inspected abdomen

    1 of 1 point

     Inspected for edema in lower extremities

    1 of 1 point

     Auscultated heart sounds

    1 of 1 point

     Auscultated breath sounds

    1 of 1 point

     Auscultated abdominal aorta

    1 of 1 point

     Auscultated bowel sounds

    1 of 1 point

    Bowel Sounds 
    (1/2 point)

     Absent

     Hypoactive

     Normoactive

     Hyperactive

    Location Of Non Normoactive Bowel Sounds 
    (1/2 point)

     All quadrants normoactive

     Right upper quadrant

     Right lower quadrant

     Left upper quadrant

     Left lower quadrant

     Auscultated abdominal arteries

    1 of 1 point

     Auscultated organs

    1 of 1 point

     Percussed abdomen

    1 of 1 point

     Percussed spleen

    1 of 1 point

     Percussed liver

    1 of 1 point

     Percussed CVA tenderness

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated abdomen – light

    1 of 1 point

    Tenderness 
    (1/3 point)

     None reported

     Tenderness reported

    Location Of Tenderness 
    (1/3 point)

     No quadrants tender

     Right upper quadrant

     Right lower quadrant

     Left upper quadrant

     Left lower quadrant

    Observations 
    (1/3 point)

     No additional observations

     Masses

     Guarding

     Distension

     Palpated abdomen – deep

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated aortic width

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated liver

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated spleen

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated bladder

    1 of 1 point

     Palpated kidneys

    1 of 1 point

    Right 
    (1/2 point)

     Not palpable

     Palpable

    Left 
    (1/2 point)

     Not palpable

     Palpable

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

     Tested skin turgor

    1 of 1 point

     Performed pelvic exam

    1 of 1 point

     Performed digital rectal exam

    1 of 1 point

    Observations 
    (1/1 point)

     No abnormal findings

     Hemorrhoids

     Fissures

     SHADOW HEALTH ASSESSMENT HELP EXPERTS

     Ulceration

     Weak sphincter tone

     Fecal mass in rectal vault

     Checked urinalysis

    1 of 1 point

    .

    .

    .

     

    Education & Empathy 
    : 5 of 7 (71.4%)

    During the patient interview, there are a number of opportunities to provide patient education and empathy. The opportunities listed below are those identified by nursing experts to be of particular importance to this patient. A 
    Model Statement
     is provided as an example of an appropriate response to each opportunity.

    Opportunities marked as 
    Not Encountered
     are opportunities that were not elicited in the interview

    Opportunities marked as 
    Not Followed Up
     are missed opportunities that were present in the interview, but where no statements were made

    Opportunities marked as 
    Followed Up
    were followed up by students, and include the dialogue between student and patient Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.

     1 Symptoms

    Followed Up

     Description: 
    Ms. Park describes the symptoms that have been bothering her.

    What brings to the clinic today?

    Question

    11:26 AM PDT

    I have some pain in my belly. . . and I’m having difficulty going to the bathroom. My daughter was worried about me.

    i am sorry you are having pain in your belly.

    Empathize

    11:27 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    When did the abdominal discomfort begin?

    Question

    11:27 AM PDT

    It all started. . . about five days ago. When I started having trouble going to the bathroom. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    I am sorry to hear this.

    Empathize

    11:28 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    Does eating aggravate the pain?

    Question

    11:37 AM PDT

    Yes. The pain is there all the time, but eating can make it worse.

    does physical activity aggravate pain?

    Question

    11:38 AM PDT

    Yes. When I move around the house or try to garden, I feel more pain. And I did not go to my exercise classes. I was sure that would be too much. I prefer to be active, but my daughter wants me to rest.

    i am sorry for th discomfort.

    Empathize

    11:38 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    do you get constipation often?

    Question

    11:51 AM PDT

    I don’t usually have problems going to the bathroom. . . but this has been going on for. . . about five days now. [AUDIO COMING SOON]

    How many bowel movements do you typically have per week?

    Question

    11:52 AM PDT

    Before this? Every day. Well, I miss a day now and then, but usually every day.

    Are your stools usually formed?

    Question

    11:53 AM PDT

    Usually, yes. But not when I had the diarrhea.

    are your stools typically soft ?

    Question

    11:54 AM PDT

    I haven’t even been able to move my bowels! I had diarrhea a while back, though . . . six months ago, maybe.

    You said you have latex allergy? (Clarified to: What are the symptoms of your latex allergy?)

    Question

    11:54 AM PDT

    I get an itchy skin rash. (Clarified to: what the symptoms of my latex allergy are)

    sorry about this skin rash.

    Empathize

    11:55 AM PDT

    Thank you.

    Do you have problems with eating?

    Question

    12:28 PM PDT

    Yes. I haven’t eaten much these last few days.

    Sorry about that.

    Empathize

    12:29 PM PDT

    Thank you.

    Do you have problems getting in and out of chairs?

    Question

    12:30 PM PDT

    Any kind of movement makes my abdominal discomfort worse, but I don’t usually have problems with that.

    Am sorry for that discomfort.

    Empathize

    12:31 PM PDT

    Thank you.

     Model Statement: 
    “I’m sorry you’re having these symptoms. It’s good that you came in today so we can see what is causing your discomfort.” Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

     2 Medications

    Followed Up

     3 Diet

    Not Followed Up

     4 Activity Level

    Followed Up

     5 Medical History

    Followed Up

     6 Sexual Activity

    Followed Up

     7 Family and Support

    Not Followed Up

     Description: 
    Ms. Park describes being widowed and living with her daughter.

    Do you live alone?

    Question

    12:40 PM PDT

    No. I live with my daughter, Jennifer.

    Who can you ask for support?

    Question

    12:41 PM PDT

    Usually I don’t need much help. But since I’ve been sick, my daughter has been helping me, doing things around the house–gardening, cleaning, making sure I eat a little something. She’s very busy with her job, and it’s very sweet of her to help me. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Have you travelled travelled anywhere recently (Clarified to: Have you traveled recently?)

    Question

    12:42 PM PDT

    No, I haven’t gone on any trips in several years. (Clarified to: if I have traveled recently)

    Have you experienced any physical abuse?

    Question

    12:43 PM PDT

    No, never.

     Model Statement: 
    “I’m sorry that your husband passed away. It sounds like you have a wonderful relationship with your daughter and son. I’m happy to hear that you have a strong support system in your children.”

    .

    .

    .

    Shadow Health Assessment Assignment

     
    You will complete all assessment assignments using the 
    Shadow Health
      virtual reality simulation platform.

    Introduction and Pre-brief

    Mrs. Esther Park is a 78-year-old woman who comes to the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. She reports that the pain isn’t severe, but that her daughter was concerned and brought her in. It is very important to determine whether or not the situation is an emergency and the underlying cause of Esther’s discomfort. Be sure to inquire about a variety of psychosocial factors related to the GI system, including her diet, toilet habits, immunizations, recent travel, etc. This case study will offer you the opportunity to take a complete surgical, reproductive, and current sexual history. During her physical examination, take particular note as to where Mrs. Park verbalizes pain during palpation so that you may synthesize verbal and non-verbal cues. Be sure to apply the supportive information learned in this week’s concept lab to your critical thinking process in this case study.

    Tips and Tricks

    Evaluation of the elderly patient with abdominal pain can be difficult, time-consuming, and fraught with potential missteps. Abdominal pain is the most common emergency department complaint and the fourth most common complaint among elderly patients. The physiologic, pharmacologic, and psychosocial aspects of elderly patients make an evaluation of their abdominal pain different than in the general population.

    As a clinician, you must develop an index of suspicion which is defined as awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness. Having a well-developed index of suspicion for abnormality will help to differentiate diagnoses.

    To optimize your assessment experience and sharpen your skills, be sure to explore the Abdominal Concept Lab prior to beginning the assignment. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

     

    Purposes

    The purposes of the Shadow Health Physical Assessment Assignments are to: (a) increase knowledge and understanding of advanced practice physical assessment skills and techniques, (b) conduct focused and comprehensive histories and physical assessments for various patient populations, (c) adapt or modify your physical assessment skills and techniques to suit the individual needs of the patient, (d) apply assessment skills and techniques to gather subjective and objective data, (e) differentiate normal from abnormal physical examination findings, (f) summarize, organize, and appropriately document findings using correct professional terminology, (g) practice developing primary and differential diagnoses, (h) practice creating treatment plans which include diagnostics, medication, education, consultation/referral, and follow-up planning; and (i) analyze and reflect on own performance to gain insight and foster knowledge.

    Activity Learning Outcomes

    Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the ability to:

    Apply knowledge and understanding of advanced practice physical assessment skills and techniques (CO1)

    Perform focused and comprehensive histories and physical assessments for various patient populations (CO4 and CO5)

    Adapt skills and techniques to suit the individual needs of the patient (CO4)

    Differentiate normal from abnormal physical examination findings (CO2)

    Summarize, organize, and document findings using correct professional terminology (CO3)

    .

    Total Points Possible: 75 Points

    Assignment

    Step One: Complete the designated Shadow Health (SH) Assignment on the SH platform.

    Step Two: Document your findings on the 
    Fillable Soap Note Template
     or the 
    Printable Soap Note
    .

    Step Three:  Upload the Lab Pass and completed SOAP Note as separate documents to the same assignment tab in the gradebook. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Requirements

    NOTE: Before initiating any activity in Shadow Health, complete the required course weekly 
    readings and lessons
     as well as review the 
    introduction and pre-brief.

    Complete the Shadow Health Concept Lab (Weeks 2, 4, and 5) prior to beginning the graded assignment.

    Gather subjective and objective data by completing a focused, detailed health history and physical examination for each physical assessment assignment.

    Critically appraise the findings as normal or abnormal.

    Complete the post activity assessment questions for each assignment .

    Complete all reflection questions following each physical assessment assignment.

    Digital Clinical Experience (DCE) scores do not round up. For example, a DCE score of 92.99 is a 92, not a 93.

    You have a maximum of two (2) attempts per Shadow Health assignment to improve your performance. However, you may elect not to repeat any assignment. NOTE: If you repeat an attempt, ONLY the second attempt will be graded, regardless of the DCE score. Please refer to the grading rubric categories for details.

    Download the Lab Pass for the final attempt on the assignment.

    On the Canvas Platform:

    Summarize, organize, and appropriately document findings using correct professional terminology on the SOAP Note Template.

    Identify three (3) differential diagnoses and provide ICD-10 codes and pertinent positive and negative findings for each diagnosis.

    Create a comprehensive treatment plan for each assignment. Must address the following components: Diagnostics, Medication, Education, Referral/Consultation, and Follow-up planning. If no interventions for one or more component, document “none at this time” but do not skip over the component.

    Provide rationales and citations for diagnoses and interventions. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    Include at least one scholarly source to support diagnoses and treatment interventions with rationales and references on the SOAP note. Only scholarly sources are acceptable for citation and reference in this course. These include peer-reviewed publications, government reports, or sources written by a professional or scholar in the field. The textbooks and lessons are NOT considered to be outside scholarly sources. For the threaded discussions and reflection posts, reputable internet sources such as websites by government agencies (URL ends in .gov) and respected organizations (often ends in .org) can be counted as scholarly sources. The best outside scholarly source to use is a peer-reviewed nursing journal.  You are encouraged to use the Chamberlain library and search one of the available databases for a peer-reviewed journal article.  The following sources should not be used: Wikipedia, Wikis, or blogs.  These websites are not considered scholarly as anyone can add to these. Please be aware that .com websites can vary in scholarship and quality.  For example, the American Heart Association is a .com site with scholarship and quality. Each student is responsible for determining the scholarship and quality of any .com site.  Ask your instructor before using any site if you are unsure. Points will be deducted from the rubric if the site does not demonstrate scholarship or quality. Current outside scholarly sources must be published with the last 5 years.  Instructor permission must be obtained BEFORE the assignment is due if using a source that is older than 5 years.

    Upload the Lab Pass to the appropriate assignment area in Canvas Grades

     

    Shadow Health Grading Rubric

    Portions of the rubric are designated with a ***. The following explains those portions of the rubric:

    * 
    Digital Clinical Experience (DCE) Score 
    is automatically translated by Shadow Health based on individual student performance and reflects how student work compares to their peer learners across the country for a particular assignment. The DCE Score is a fair assessment of effort, and therefore is appropriate for use when grading assignments.

    **Scholarly Sources: 
    Only scholarly sources are acceptable for citation and reference in this course. These include peer-reviewed publications, government reports, or sources written by a professional or scholar in the field. The textbooks and lessons are 
    NOT
     considered to be outside scholarly sources. For the threaded discussions and reflection posts, reputable internet sources such as websites by government agencies (URL ends in .gov) and respected organizations (often ends in .org) can be counted as scholarly sources. The best outside scholarly source to use is a peer-reviewed nursing journal.  You are encouraged to use the Chamberlain library and search one of the available databases for a peer-reviewed journal article.  The following sources should not be used: Wikipedia, Wikis, or blogs.  These websites are not considered scholarly as anyone can add to these. Please be aware that .com websites can vary in scholarship and quality.  For example, the American Heart Association is a .com site with scholarship and quality. Each student is responsible for determining the scholarship and quality of any .com site. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved.  Ask your instructor before using any site if you are unsure. Points will be deducted from the rubric if the site does not demonstrate scholarship or quality. Current outside scholarly sources must be published with the last 5 years.  Instructor permission must be obtained BEFORE the assignment is due if using a source that is older than 5 years.

    ***
    Components of a treatment plan include 
    diagnostics
    , 
    medication
    , 
    education
    , 
    consultation/referral
    , and 
    follow-up planning

    ****Insight
     refers to the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a concept or thing. For example, one might demonstrate insight by relating a concept to a personal or meaningful experience.

    ASSIGNMENT CONTENT

    Category

    Points

    %

    Description

    Health History Communication, Education, Empathy, and Summary

    (DCE Score
     
    or transcript)

     

    15

    20%

    The Digital Clinical Experience (DCE)Score is automatically translates by Shadow Health based on individual student performance and reflects how student work with data collection, health history communication, education, empathy, and summarization compares to peer learners across the country for a particular assignment. The DCE Score is a fair assessment of effort, and therefore is appropriate for use when grading assignments. Occasionally, performance transcripts may be reviewed for secondary support.

    Assessment, Documentation, Treatment Plan, and Scholarly Sources

    Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    35

    47%

    This category is evaluated on the quality of student’s ability to: Identify pertinent normal and abnormal findings for the assignment, utilize professional terminology, provide comprehensive and detailed subjective and objective findings, identify differential diagnoses, and create a comprehensive treatment plan. Includeat least one appropriate EBP scholarly source and use the SOAP Note format template to document all findings.

     

    Self-Reflection

    15

    20%

    Self-reflection posts must demonstrate the student’s own perspective. The quality of this criterion is based upon responding to all the reflection questions; providing responses that are substantive (add importance, meaningfulness, and relevance to the post); demonstrate analysis of own performance; and demonstrate insight. Insight refers to the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a concept or thing. For example, one might demonstrate insight by relating a concept to a personal or meaningful experience.Reflection post responses should vary from SH assignment to assignment.

     

    65

    87%

    Total CONTENT Points= 65

    ASSIGNMENT FORMAT

    Category

    Points

    %

    Description

    Grammar, Spelling, Syntax, Mechanics and APA Format

    10

    13%

    Reflection post has minimal grammar, spelling, syntax, punctuation and APA* errors. Direct quotes (if used) is limited to 1 short statement** which adds substantively to the post.

    * APA style references and in text citations are required; however, there are no deductions for errors in indentation or spacing of references. All elements of the reference otherwise must be included. Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

    **Direct quote should not exceed 15 words & must add substantively to the assignment

    10

    100%

    Total FORMAT Points= 10

    ASSIGNMENT TOTAL=
     
    75 points

    Rubric

    NR509 Weeks 2-6 Shadow Health Assignment_Sept19 (4)

    NR509 Weeks 2-6 Shadow Health Assignment_Sept19 (4)

    Criteria

    Ratings

    Pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAssignment Content Possible Points = 65 Points

    Criterion 1

    Health History Communication, Education, Empathy, and Summary

    (DCE Score or Transcript)

    15.0 pts

    Excellent

    DCE Score > 93

    14.0 pts

    V. Good

    DCE Score 86-92

    12.0 pts

    Satisfactory

    DCE Score 80-85

    8.0 pts

    Needs Improvement

    DCE Score < 79 0.0 pts Unsatisfactory No Assignment 15.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCriterion 2 Assessment, Documentation, Treatment Plan, and Scholarly Sources Must demonstrate the following elements: Identified all pertinent normal and abnormal findings; Used professional terminology; Subjective and objective documentation was detailed and comprehensive; Used the SOAP Note Format template for documentation; Identified three (3) differential diagnoses with ICD-10 codes and pertinent positive/negative findings; Addressed each of the following on the treatment plan: Diagnostics, Medication, Education, Referral/Consultation, and Follow-up Planning; Interventions are detailed and appropriate for the focused assignment; Provided at least one appropriate EBP scholar source Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved (8 Required Elements) 35.0 pts Excellent Demonstrated all elements for this Criterion 32.0 pts V. Good Missing 1 element for this Criterion 29.0 pts Satisfactory Missing 2 or 3 elements for this Criterion 18.0 pts Needs Improvement Missing 4 or 5 elements on for this Criterion 0.0 pts Unsatisfactory Missing 6 or more elements for the criterion Or No Assignment 35.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCriterion 3 Self-Reflection Must demonstrate the following elements: Written from the student’s own perspective; Responded to all the reflection questions; Responses were each substantive (added importance, meaningfulness, and relevance to the post); Offer self-analysis of performance and insight; Reflection post responses should vary from SH assignment to assignment. (5 Required Elements) 15.0 pts Excellent Demonstrated all elements for this Criterion 14.0 pts V. Good Missing 1 element for this Criterion 12.0 pts Satisfactory Missing 2 elements for this Criterion 8.0 pts Needs Improvement Missing 3 elements for this Criterion 0.0 pts Unsatisfactory Missing 4 or more elements for the criterion Or No Assignment 15.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAssignment Format Possible Points = 10 Points Format Criterion 1 Grammar, Spelling, Syntax, Mechanics and APA Format 10.0 pts Excellent 0-1 errors in grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, mechanics, or APA format 9.0 pts V. Good 2-3 errors in grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, mechanics, or APA format 8.0 pts Satisfactory 4-5 errors in grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, mechanics, or APA format 5.0 pts Needs Improvement 6-7 errors in grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, mechanics, or APA format Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved 0.0 pts Unsatisfactory 8 or more errors in grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, mechanics, or APA format Or No assignment 10.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLate Penalty Deductions Students are expected to submit assignments by the time they are due. Assignments submitted after the due date and time will receive a deduction of 10% of the total points possible for that assignment for each day the assignment is late. Assignments will be accepted, with penalty as described, up to a maximum of three days late, after which point a zero will be recorded for the assignment. Quizzes and discussions are not considered assignments and are not part of the late assignment policy. 0.0 pts Minus Points 0.0 pts Minus Points 0.0 pts Total Points: 75.0 Esther park abdominal pain focused shadow health assessment transcript, objective, subjective solved

  • Population Health Policy Analysis

    Select a current or proposed health care policy that is designed to improve a specific population’s access to quality, cost-effective health care. In a Population Health Policy Analysis paper of 1,000-1,250 words, include the following:

    Explain the policy and how it is designed to improve cost-effectiveness and health care equity for the population. Is the policy financially sound? Why or why not? How does the policy account for any relevant ethical, legal, and political factors and the nursing perceptive one must consider when implementing it? Population Health Policy Analysis.

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    To what state, federal, global health policies or goals is this particular policy related? How well do you think the policy is designed to achieve those goals?

    Finally, discuss the advocacy strategies you would employ on behalf of your population to ensure they have access to the benefits of the policy Population Health Policy Analysis. Explain, from a Christian perspective, the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurse to advocate for and promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations.

    You are required to cite five to 10 sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. Population Health Policy Analysis.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

    You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Population Health Policy Analysis.

     

     

    Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Name

    Institution

    Optimal health is achieved through high-quality health care services which are cost-effective and accessible to the public and also well-coordinated. Health policies present plans, actions and decisions that facilitate the achiev3ment of healthcare goals in the society (Blank, 2019). The World Health Organization notes that health policies define visions for the future, provides the expected roles and priorities roles of the public population and creates consensus as well as informs the public on healthcare issues (Abel-Smith, 2018) Population Health Policy Analysis. As such, this paper examines the publicly funded healthcare policy in the United States and how it is designed to improve a specific population’s access to quality, cost-effective health care.

    Publicly funded healthcare policy in the United States is designed to meet all or part of the healthcare needs from public funds. The Medicare and Medicaid programs together with the Veterans Health Administration and Children’s Health Insurance Programs are involved in funding 64% of healthcare costs paid by the government since 2013 (Sommers et al., 2017). The policy is designed to improve cost-effectiveness and health care equity for the population as it meets a larger portion of healthcare bills. Thus, it reduces the economic burden of the population and particularly the marginalized groups who have difficulties in accessing care due to poverty Population Health Policy Analysis. Even though is not a universal healthcare fund, the policy ensures equitable distribution of healthcare services through equal distribution of healthcare funds. It also gives the population a chance to select their insurances depending on their economic capabilities. Consequently, it protects the consumers from exploitation by insurance companies.

    The publicly funded healthcare policy in the United States is somehow not financially sound. Healthcare costs in the US are considerably higher and continues to increase even more than the overall economic growth of the country. For instance, in 2016, the cost was reported to be approximately $3.3 trillion dollars in 2016 (Martin, 2016). These high costs are bound to strain the economy of the country in the future considering that the US has the highest healthcare costs compared to other countries. In 2016, the government spent 17.9% of GDP on the costs of healthcare which is substantially higher than Japan, France, Germany and Sweden who spent about 11% and Switzerland which spent only 12% of their gross domestic product (Papanicolas, Woskie & Jha, 2018). Moreover, an individual American citizen spent about $9900 for healthcare in 2016 (Martin, 2016) Population Health Policy Analysis. This increased expenditure could be therefore become unsustainable in the long run because, they tend to increase the national debt. In addition, the quality of life reduces as people spend more on health and insurances, the costs of their products and services increase and people end up being unable to afford healthcare insurance.

    The public funded healthcare policy ensures equitable distribution of resources among the public population regardless of their financial or social status. This supports the justice principle of ethics which focuses on fairness. Moreover, it promotes the protection of vulnerable groups such as the minorities and as well as ensures the patient’s choice of treatment is respected as expected by autonomy. It also promotes culturally sensitive care thus enhancing solidarity between communities during outbreaks through prevention strategies and collaboration in eradicating illnesses. The policy is basically set up to benefit the public in improving the access and quality of healthcare and reducing the cost (Wilkinson, & Savulescu, 2018) Population Health Policy Analysis.

    On the other hand, the legal foundation of public health in the US is embedded in the rights to life, safety and health of the population. The constitution mandates the government’s protection of its citizens against harm and hence the federal and states governments should provide a functioning public health system (Chen, Vargas-Bustamante, Mortensen & Ortega, 2016). The public health policy was set up through a political decision processes which involve the enactment of The Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislations. Notably, the repealing, removal or amendment of the policy is dependent on the political authorities.

    The implementation of the healthcare public funding policy should be patient centered and seek to reduce the cost as well as increase the quality of care. As such, nurses must consider influencing the processes and standards of their practice settings to achieve quality Population Health Policy Analysis. Furthermore, they should promote active participation of other nurses and collaborations to ensure successful implementation and sustainability of the policy. Nurses should also consider being information sources to the community for the much-needed information regarding healthcare insurance coverage and access provided by the policy.

    The public health funding policy is related to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Federal health policy. This Act was enacted in 2010 with the aim of offering affordable health insurance coverage to the public. It also sought to protest the citizens for exploitation by insurance companies (Sommers et al., 2017). In this case, it was designed to lower the cost of healthcare particularly for low-income households. The public funding healthcare policy is well designed to achieve the ACA goals in that it offers healthcare funding programs suitable for all citizens through various insurance programs. This ensures that costs are maintained at a realistic level that increases access as healthcare services become more affordable.

    The public health funding policy seeks to improve the quality of healthcare, reduce the cost, increase access and affordability. One of the advocacy strategies I would employ on behalf of my population to ensure they have access to the benefits of the policy is to provide a voice. This means that I provide information to enable them understand the policy and its benefits as well as how to become a beneficiary Population Health Policy Analysis. I will also allow them to ask questions that will facilitate my successful implementation of the policy. Another strategy will involve the protection of the patients’ rights (Assi, Peterson & Hatmaker, 2018). This will entail knowing their wishes and communicating them to the policy makers as well as educating them on how to optimally benefit from the policy as well as improve the quality of their care.  I will also connect patients to resources both on the inside and outside the healthcare facility to support their wellbeing and understanding of the policy. This will help them gain financial assistance and enable them meet their needs.

    From a Christian perspective, the advanced registered nurses have a professional and moral obligation to advocate for and promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations. This is achieved through upholding of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice during healthcare delivery (Leffers & McDermott-Levy, 2019). This means that nurses are expected to engage patients in treatment and as well in decision making regarding the implementation of healthcare policies. They should also ensure fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources and services and attend to patients without discrimination. Nurses should also be culturally sensitive while dealing with patients from different backgrounds (Albougami, Pounds & Alotaibi, 2016). This includes conducting a spiritual needs assessment to resolve ethical dilemmas and as well as practicing according to the legal requirements of the advanced nurse license. They should also uphold holistic and evidence-based practice at all times Population Health Policy Analysis.

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    References

    Abel-Smith, B. (2018). 
    An introduction to health: policy, planning and financing
    . Routledge.

    Albougami, A. S., Pounds, K. G., & Alotaibi, J. S. (2016). Comparison of four cultural competence models in transcultural nursing: A discussion paper. 
    International Archives of Nursing and Health Care
    , 
    2
    (3), 1-5.

    Assi, M. J., Peterson, C., & Hatmaker, D. D. (2018). Workforce Advocacy for a Professional Nursing Practice Environment. 
    Contemporary Nursing E-Book: Issues, Trends, & Management
    , 232. Population Health Policy Analysis.

    Blank, R. H. (2019). Public Policy Context: Funding and Policy Initiatives. In 
    Social & Public Policy of Alzheimer’s Disease in the United States
     (pp. 27-44). Palgrave Pivot, Singapore.

    Chen, J., Vargas-Bustamante, A., Mortensen, K., & Ortega, A. N. (2016). Racial and ethnic disparities in health care access and utilization under the Affordable Care Act. 
    Medical care
    , 
    54
    (2), 140.

    Leffers, J., & McDermott-Levy, R. (2019, November). Ethical principles for global health nursing: Promoting equity in practice. In 
    APHA’s 2019 Annual Meeting and Expo (Nov. 2-Nov. 6)
    . American Public Health Association.

    Martin, A. B. (2016). Healthcare expenditure increasing in USA. 
    PharmacoEconomics & Outcomes News
    , 
    768
    , 17-17.

    Papanicolas, I., Woskie, L. R., & Jha, A. K. (2018). Health care spending in the United States and other high-income countries. 
    Jama
    , 
    319
    (10), 1024-1039.

    Sommers, B. D., Maylone, B., Blendon, R. J., Orav, E. J., & Epstein, A. M. (2017). Three-year impacts of the Affordable Care Act: improved medical care and health among low-income adults. 
    Health Affairs
    , 
    36
    (6), 1119-1128.

    Wilkinson, D., & Savulescu, J. (2018). Cost-equivalence and Pluralism in Publicly-funded Health-care Systems. 
    Health Care Analysis
    , 
    26
    (4), 287-309 Population Health Policy Analysis.

  • Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

    Use the ”Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template” to compare three types of translational research with traditional (qualitative or quantitative) research. Make sure to include methodology, goals, and data collection in your organizer.

    You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    ORDER A CUSTOM-WRITTEN, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

    While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
    Translational Research Graphic Organizer
    Template Examples.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

    You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

    TranslationalResearchGraphicOrganizerTemplate

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template

     

     

    Observations (Similarities/Differences)

    Methodology

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Goals

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

    Data Collection

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer

    NUR-550 Translational Research and Population Health Management

     

     

     
     

    Mapping the emergence and development of translational cancer research

    Why the distinction between basic (theoretical) and applied (practical) research is important in the politics of science

    Observations (Similarities/Differences)

    Methodology

     
    Translation research requires the researcher to be directly involved with the variables to ensure the intended outcome is reached (Cambrosio, Keating, & Mercier, 2015). The researcher controls dependent variable during the research process.

     

     

     

     

    Methodologies used in traditional research for data collection included face-to-face focus groups, interviews, surveys (Roll-Hansen, 2013).

    Both are complex and hypothesis-oriented researches

    In both research, the researcher designs and actively participate in the research process. Also, in both, the end objective of the research is not directly specified in the beginning and the process results in solving the intended research problem.

    Goals

     
    Translation research is a highly interdisciplinary field and the goal is primarily to combine the assets of these various disciplines, resources, and expertise into one group to improve the global healthcare system significantly (Cambrosio, Keating, & Mercier, 2015). The results are to promote enhancements in prevention, diagnosis, and therapies
     
    in health care.

    Traditional research is a systematic process that requires a standard scientific method (Al-Hadithy, 2015). The research is used to improve knowledge by the researchers (Roll-Hansen, 2013).

    The difference between translational and traditional research is that fundamentally translational research focuses on improve practice rather than producing knowledge as with traditional research (Al-Hadithy, 2015).

    Translational research is also requires high demand for personal commitment and involvement unlike in comparison to traditional research.

    Data Collection

    Translation research utilizes standardized questionnaires or interviews are utilized when preforming data collection (Cambrosio, Keating, & Mercier, 2015).

     

     

     

     

    Traditional reserch can use phone interviews, online surveys, and structured questionnaires (Roll-Hansen, 2013). The reserch can have a large sample size and hence demands more time to ensure high quality data is collected. Data management programs are also utilized as randomizing, trending, and predicting instrument, which help the researchers processes and analyze data.

    In both methods, the researchers utilized questionnaires and interviews when collecting their data.

    In translational research, the researchers had freedom of controlling the dependent variables to ensure the desired outcomes were achieved, while in traditional research, the researcher answers the questions that the research aimed to answer.

    References

    Roll-Hansen, N. (2013).
    “Why the distinction between basic (theoretical) and applied (practical) research is important in the politics of science”
    (PDF) (Report). The London School of Economics and Political Science.

    Cambrosio, A., Keating, P., Mercier, S
    .
    (2015).
    “Mapping the emergence and development of translational cancer research”
    ,
    European Journal of Cancer
    , Elsevier Ltd,
    42
    (28): 3140–3148,
    doi
    :
    10.1016/j.ejca.2006.07.020
    .

    Al-Hadithy, T. (2015). The Traditional Vs. The Modern Translation Classroom: A Need for New Directions in the UAE Undergraduate Translation Programs. 
    Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences,192
    , 180-187. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.026 Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

     

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples rubric

    Course Code

    Class Code

    NUR-550

    NUR-550-O101

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer

    100.0

    Criteria

    Percentage

    Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    Less than Satisfactory (80.00%)

    Satisfactory (88.00%)

    Good (92.00%)

    Excellent (100.00%)

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer

    100.0%

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

    Comparison of Research in Relation to Methodology

    25.0%

    A comparison of research in relation to methodology is not included.

    A comparison of research in relation to methodology is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A comparison of research in relation to methodology is present.

    A comparison of research in relation to methodology is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive comparison of research in relation to methodology is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Comparison of Research in Relation to Goals

    25.0%

    A comparison of research in relation to goals is not included.

    A comparison of research in relation to goals is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A comparison of research in relation to goals is present.

    A comparison of research in relation to goals is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive comparison of research in relation to goals is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Comparison of Research in Relation to Data Collection

    25.0%

    A comparison of research in relation to data collection is not included.

    A comparison of research in relation to data collection is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A comparison of research in relation to data collection is present.

    A comparison of research in relation to data collection is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive comparison research in relation to data collection is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Required Sources

    5.0%

    Sources are not included.

    Number of required sources is only partially met.

    Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.

    Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Presentation

    10.0%

    The piece is not neat or organized, and it does not include all required elements.

    The work is not neat and includes minor flaws or omissions of required elements.

    The overall appearance is general, and major elements are missing.

    The overall appearance is generally neat, with a few minor flaws or missing elements.

    The work is well presented and includes all required elements. The overall appearance is neat and professional.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

    Total Weightage

    100%

    Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template Examples

  • Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement

    In this course, you will be complete a 2-part Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement assignment in which you conduct research about a population of focus, develop a PICOT statement, and write a Literature Review. The PICOT statement and Literature Review you write in this course can be used for your evidence-based practice project in the next course so be sure to select an issue you want to continue working on in your next course.

    PICOT (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time to achieve the outcome) is a method that helps clarify the qualities needed to create a good question out of a practice issue or problem affecting the population of focus. Additionally, the information derived from a good PICOT makes it easier to perform a literature search in order to find translational research sources that can be used to address the clinical problem. Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement.

    ORDER A CUSTOM-WRITTEN, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

    Use a national, state or local population health care database to research indicators of disparity. Choose a mortality/morbidity indicator to identify a clinical problem or issue that you want to explore pertaining to a population of focus. Use this indicator to begin to formulate a PICOT and conduct research on the population.

    Write a 750-1,000-word paper that analyzes your research and focuses on the population you have chosen. Describe the population’s demographics and health concerns, and explain how nursing science, health determinants, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data may impact population health management for the selected population. Provide an overview of a potential solution for solving the health issue related to your population and the intended PICOT statement. Describe how the solution incorporates health policies and goals that support health care equity for the population of focus.

    You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

    You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

     

    Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement

    Student’s Name

    Institution of Affiliation

    Course Name

    Date

    Description of the Population and Health Concerns

    According to Adegboye et al. (2018), hospitalized patients are likely to get HAIs and the fact that they have a weak immune system worsens this risk. To add on, most hospitalized patients are deficient in the knowledge that their clinical status can deteriorate since each patient is diagnosed with a different condition caused by a different organism that can be transmitted from one patient to another. Instead, most patients are hopeful of improving and reuniting with family and loved ones or resuming their activities of daily life after receiving the appropriate medical care.

    The hands and skin of healthcare providers are colonized by pathogens such as multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria, clostridium difficile and MRSA. Moreover, there are many epithelial cells shed by the skin that have viable microorganisms, which can contaminate medical equipment in a patient’s immediate environment. Within the hospital setting, the surgical unit, critical care unit, intensive care unit and the emergency department are documented to have such high rates of hand contamination. Hands are contaminated when: a patient’s intact skin is touched, touching non-living objects surrounding a patient or when doing basic procedures such as taking a patient’s vital signs.

    Adegboye et al. (2018) describe HAIs as infections that develop within 48 hours or more after admission in a healthcare setting or 30 days after receiving care. Hospital-Acquired infections are of public health significance since they contribute to mortalities, morbidities, increased costs of care, prolonged admissions and pose a threat to the safety of patients. Poor practices of hand hygiene among medical staff are the major contributor to high incidences of HAIs (King et al. 2016). Also referred to as nosocomial infections, HAIs have captured the attention of key players in the health sector, healthcare providers, policymakers, the federal and state governments, not because it causes significant morbidity, mortality and increased healthcare costs, but because it is a preventable health issue.

    Impact on Population Health Management

    Based on the statistics provided by the CDC, every year, more than 2 million patients are hospitalized and get hospital-acquired infections when receiving treatment for other conditions (Adegboye et al., 2018). Out of the 2million, an estimated ten thousand die from nosocomial infections. Therefore, to provide high-quality care that guarantees the safety of patients in resource-rich and resource-limited settings, it is important to prevent these infections. More specifically, in the US, one out of 136 patients gets seriously ill because of HAIs. This equates to 1.7 million cases annually causing additional costs of between US$ 4.0–5.0 billion and an estimated 90 000 deaths (Haverstick et al., 2017).

    Currently, existing research enlists several reasons to explain why HAIs are increasing at an alarming rate in this century. First are surgical and medical procedures that extend beyond the body’s natural protective barrier, second is a gradual increase in the number of sick patients admitted in hospitals and healthcare providers who move from one patient to another when giving care creating a channel for transmitting pathogens (Haverstick et al., 2017).  Besides, although most hospitals have hygiene protocols that explain how to sterilize medical equipment, their implementation is poorly done and this makes them ineffective. This explains the need for the leadership of healthcare institutions to ensure that hygiene protocols are adhered to through proper implementation to prevent HAIs. Healthcare organizations with limited resources such as water increase the risk of HAIs. Therefore, health facilities should have an adequate supply of clean water to reduce this risk Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement.

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    Solution Overview

    There is immense progress in healthcare in pursuit of understanding the pathology of communicable diseases and how multi-drug resistant infectious diseases are spread from one person to another in hospitals. There is also evidence to support that the hands of healthcare providers are the main source of HAIs among critically ill patients (Fox et al., 2015). This finding promotes the need to conduct further research on how to prevent HAIs in hospitals by observing basic hygiene principles.

    In most hospitals, handwashing is the most important and effective infection control procedure that prevents transmission of pathogens from person to person. According to the findings by the WHO, handwashing with soap and water has a scientific basis and the most appropriate intervention that reduces the transmission costs of pathogens and the rates of HAIs (Haverstick et al., 2017). Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement When combined with other infection control strategies, handwashing produces better results.
               

    Clinical Question/PICOT Statement

    Among hospitalized patients aged 18 years or older (P), how does washing hands using soap and water (I) compared to using hand sanitizers(C), help to reduce incidences of HAIs (O) within 3 months (T)?

    Health Equity

    As highlighted by King et al. (2016), the CDC published revised guidelines and policies in 2002 on handwashing practices in healthcare settings that all healthcare organizations are required to adhere to. The guidelines strongly recommend that healthcare providers use hand rubs and alcohol sanitizers to decontaminate hands between each non-soiled patient and wash hands using clean running water and soap for visibly contaminated or soiled hands. Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement.

     

    References

    Adegboye, M. B., Zakari, S., Ahmed, B. A., & Olufemi, G. H. (2018). Knowledge, awareness, and practice of infection control by health care workers in the intensive care units of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
    African health sciences
    , 
    18
    (1), 72-78.

    Fox, C., Wavra, T., Drake, D. A., Mulligan, D., Bennett, Y. P., Nelson, C., … & Bader, M. K. (2015). Use of a patient hand hygiene protocol to reduce hospital-acquired infections and improve nurses’ hand washing. 
    American Journal of Critical Care
    , 
    24
    (3), 216-224.

    Haverstick, S., Goodrich, C., Freeman, R., James, S., Kullar, R., & Ahrens, M. (2017). Patients’ handwashing and reducing hospital-acquired infection.
    Critical care nurse
    , 
    37
    (3), e1-e8.

    King, D., Vlaev, I., Everett-Thomas, R., Fitzpatrick, M., Darzi, A., & Birnbach, D. J. (2016). “Priming” hand hygiene compliance in clinical environments. 
    Health Psychology
    , 
    35
    (1), 96. Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement

  • Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR

    Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR

    Identification and Explanation of the Problem/Issue

    One of the primary goals of the surgical team is to prevent surgical site infections in the operating room(OR). As such, there are many activities put in place to support this goal which includes sterilization and disinfection of instruments, antibiotic prophylaxis and environmental cleaning. Still, the operating roomactivities that involve aseptic practices plays the greatest role in helping the surgical team decrease the risk of surgical site infections. The main goal of asepsis is in preventing the contamination of the operative site and this is accomplished by maintaining a sterile field designed to prevent microorganisms from entering Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR.

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    Evidence-based practice supported by a wide body of research suggests that aseptic technique is successful at preventing infections in the operating room (Beldi, Bisch-Knaden, Banz, Mühlemann & Candinas, 2009; Adams, Korniewicz & El-Masri, 2011; Labrague, Arteche, Yboa& Pacolor, 2012), yet compliance with this preemptive measure has demonstrated opportunities for improvement within my organization.This is an important issue in healthcare as breaks in sterile technique is a significant contributing factor in surgical site infections which are the second most common hospital-acquired infection (HAI) in hospitalized patients(Safe Care Campaign, 2014). This often result in an increase in patient mortality, length of stay and readmission rates. What’s more is that it has been estimated that roughly 40% to 60% of these infections are preventable(Safe Care Campaign, 2014).In addition, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009), the cost associated with surgical site infections are astronomical and ranges from $28 billion to $45 billion annually Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR.

    The problem identified within my organization is related to the practice of aseptic technique in the operation room. A trend was noted in the readmission rates in patients who underwent various orthopedic surgeries. For example, the Clinical Documentation Specialists within the Quality Improvement department conducted a 6-monthretrospective review of the readmissions relating to surgical procedures and found a significant increase in the number of readmissions linked to surgical site infections. More specifically, a 2.5% increase over the course of this 6-month period was noted. Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR  As an RN working in the operating room, this is an issue that requires an intervention as it is a threat to patient safety.

    Analysis of the Situation

    In analyzing areas that might be contributing to the problem, a survey of the operating room personnel revealed that many of the staff reported a common factor that contributed to breaks in sterile technique:the fast-paced nature of the OR. In addition, direct observations during invasive procedures (catheter insertions, intubations etc) performed after the trend was noted revealed in many instances, gloves took the place of hand disinfection and were often used for a number of tasks. The use of gloves in an unsystematic manner increases the risk of HAIs Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. In addition, a total of 30 missed opportunities for aseptic technique in a 1-hour period was also noted based on observation. A deeper analysis of the data revealed that breaks in sterile techniques fell into one of four categories. These included category 1 which consisted of breaks in asepsis that were immediately noticed; category 2 consisted of breaks in asepsis that are realized shortly after the occurrence; category 3 comprised of breaks that were later realized and category 4 consisted of breaks that went unnoticed.

    Proposing a Solution

    Given that there are recommended standards, practices and guidelines created by organizations such as the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) to be utilized by surgical teams to achieve aseptic practice in the perioperative setting, a careful review of these protocols and subsequent inclusion into a plan of correction was implemented. Since the principles of aseptic technique plays a vital role in the goal of asepsis in the OR, it is essentially the responsibility of all staff members to mindfully incorporate these principles into their practice. As such, operating room personnel (i.e. nurses, scrub techs, surgeons, anesthesiologists, etc) will be required to attend a two-day educational in-service “Beat the Bugs: Infection Control Fair” that places emphasis on the importance of creating and maintaining asepsis technique as well as plans of action to implement when a break in sterile technique is noted. Day one of the in-service will focus on games and simulated scenarios that that involve breaks in asepsis and interventions that can be implemented to ameliorate the situation. These scenarios will be designed to help staff draw upon their critical thinking skills. Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. Day 2 will consist of reviewing the principles of asepsis where the following five AORN principles will be discussed:

    The sterile field consists of only scrubbed personnel:
    Although the surgical team consists of sterile and non-sterile individuals, only individuals who are scrubbed or sterile should be directly located in the sterile field. In contrast, non-sterile members remain outside the periphery of the sterile field. More so, all sterile members must don scrub attire inclusive of surgical mask, gown and gloves. In addition, prior to donning gloves and surgical gown, the sterile staff must perform surgical hand scrub and thereafter recognize that boundaries of the sterile area (Association of periOperative Registered Nurses [AORN], 2017) Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR.

    Sterile field is created using sterile drapes
    : The use of sterile drapes establishes a barrier to decrease the passage of microorganisms into the sterile field. As such, drapes should cover the patient and any equipment and furniture that are a part of the sterile field with the site of incision left exposed. Once drapes have been placed, it should not be moved and only the top surface is considered sterile(AORN, 2017).

    The sterile field should only contain sterile items
    : It is evident that sterilization ensures that all instruments are without microorganisms, however, fluid and air can contaminate the sterile field. As such, sterile and non-sterile items should never occupy the same space and if a container or package has been compromised, it should be thought of a contaminated and replaced(AORN, 2017).

    Sterility should be maintained when items are opened and added to the sterile field:
    In an attempt to preserve the integrity of the items and sterile field, the circulating nurse should use caution when placing items on the sterile field by securely handing them off to the scrubbed member or by placing them securely on the sterile field.When opening the sterile package, the non-sterile person must present the item to the sterile person in such a way to prevent contamination. In the same breadth, when opening a sterile solution only the top rim of the bottle and the contents of the bottle are considered sterile once the cover has been removed(AORN, 2017).

    Sterile field must be maintained
    : Maintaining sterility is one of the OR staffs’ main responsibilities by making every effort to reduce the possibility of contamination. As such, when a breach in sterility occurs, it is of the utmost importance to take actions that will serve to reduce the risk of contamination. If there is ever a doubt about whether an item is sterile, it is best to consider it contaminated and replace it(AORN, 2017).

    Recommendation of Sources and Timeline for Implementation

    Resources will include incorporating and reinforcing policies created to assist OR staff to promote patient safety by being compliant with asepsis. These resources will draw upon the AORN, the Institute for Hospital Improvement (IHI), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) as well as Joint Commission standards. In terms of a cost-benefits analysis, the 2-day in-service can be carried out without the assistance of a third-party vendor/ facilitator as the infection control nurse within the Quality Management department has the expertise to oversee this event. Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. As a result, the organization can expect this event to be fairly inexpensive while still providing a well-organized infection control fair. In terms of a timeline, planning for the event is expected to be a 1 week while the fair itself will last over the course of 2 days.

    Identification of Key Stakeholders

    The success of the “Beat the Bugs: Infection Control Fair” and educational in-service will depend largely, in part, on the attendance of the operating room staff. As such, the Chief Medical Officer (CMO), Chief Nursing Officer (CNO), NurseManager of the OR, and OR supervisor are crucial key players that are needed to obtain “buy-in” from the OR staff. The CMO and CNO are leadership positions, that oversee the physicians and nursing staff, respectively. As a result, they are influential and will play a key role in not only gaining support from key operating room personnel but driving home the importance of this event in relation to promoting patient safety. A meeting with both the CMO and CNO revealed enthusiasm and a dedication to getting this initiative underway. Both individuals noted a steadfast commitment to this project and a desire to move the practices of the operating room in the right direction to become more aligned with the patient safety goals noted in the mission and vision of the organization as well as the National Patient Safety Goals established by the Joint Commission.In fact, both parties, suggested that perhaps this initiative can be conducted on an annual basis. The involvement of the infection control nurse is another key stakeholder that cannot be overlooked due to the expertise in which a person in this position possesses Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. Still perhaps, two of the more important players are that of the OR Nurse Manager and Supervisor as they are considered the middle managers with a direct relationship and sphere of influence with the nurses and scrub techs.

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    In terms of achieving success, communication is the foundation of any successful partnership or project particularly one that is comprised of a multidisciplinary team such as this one. As such, it is important keep the communication channels open. This can be done through encouraging the key stakeholders to continue to provide input as it relates to their respective roles, encouraging all members to report any concerns as well as continuously reinforce the purpose and goals of this initiative Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR.

    Discussion of Implementation and Evaluation of the Solution

    As previously noted, a 2 day “Beat the Bugs: Infection Control Fair and Educational In-service” will be carried out that places emphasis on the importance of creating and maintaining asepsis technique as well as actionplans to implement when a break in sterile technique is noted. Day one of the in-service will focus on games and simulated scenarios that that involve breaks in asepsis technique and interventions that can be implemented to ameliorate the situation. These scenarios will be designed to help staff hone in on their critical thinking skills. Day 2 will consist of reviewing the principles of asepsis Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. Evaluation of this solution can be carried out using several techniques. First, with my assistance, the infection control nurse can conduct unannounced observance of the operating room personnel. This observation would determine how well the surgical team adheres to the principles of asepsis. Second, the readmissions related to surgical site infections can be monitored over a period of 3 to 6 months after the staff participated and were re-educated in the principles of asepsis. Ideally, the goal is to show a decrease in the number and rate of surgical site infections that were related to breaks in asepsis. These results can be reported on a monthly basis at the Quality Improvement meeting.

     

    Explanation of Roles

    The role of scientist was fulfilled by gathering and analyzing the data regarding the readmissions that were linked to surgical site infections.  The increasing trend in the rate of surgical site infections and its association with the breaks in asepsis techniques presented as scientific evidence that served as a barrier to providing safe and quality care for patients. In the same breadth, the role of detective was carried out upon surveying the staff to determine what they perceived as reasons for the breaks in sterile technique Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR. As such, a common thread among their responses revealed that the fast-paced nature of the OR to be challenging. Where manager of the healing environment is concerned, the solution consisted of the 2-day infection control fair. This was an appropriate intervention that was not only creative and flexible but considered the contribution of multiple stakeholders with the primary goal of reinforcing patient safety in mind.

     

    References

    Adams, J. S., Korniewicz, D. M., & El-Masri, M. M. (2011). A descriptive study exploring the principles of asepsis techniques among perioperative personnel during surgery.
    Canadian Operating Room Nursing Journal
    ,
    29
    (4), 6-8.

    Association of periOperative Registered Nurses. (2017). Aseptic technique. Retrieved January 20th, 2017 from https://www.aorn.org/guidelines/guideline-implementation-topics/aseptic-technique

    Beldi, G., Bisch-Knaden, S., Banz, V., Mühlemann, K., & Candinas, D. (2009). Impact of intraoperative behavior on surgical site infections.
    The American Journal of Surgery
    ,
    198
    (2), 157-162.

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Direct medical costs of healthcare-associated infections in U.S. hospitals and the benefits of prevention. Retrieved January 20th, 2017 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/hai/scott_costpaper.pdf. Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR

    Labrague, L. J., Arteche, D. L., Yboa, B. C., & Pacolor, N. F. (2012). Operating room nurses’ knowledge and practice of sterile technique.
    Journal of Nursing Care
    ,
    1
    (4).

    Safe Care Campaign. (2014). Preventing health care and community associated infections. Retrieved January 20th, 2017 from http://www.safecare campaign.org/ssi.html. Leadership Learning Experience: Reinforcing Asepsis in the OR

  • Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay

    Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay

    A.1.
      The problem I identified revolves around educating patients on the proper use of benefits and services, mainly the use of the Emergency room as primary care. I work as a nurse Care Manager and find it quite difficult to get patients to stay out of the Emergency room for non-emergent needs. As a Care Manager I believe it would be beneficial to address the educational needs of the patients as it relates to disease management and the proper use of benefits and services. Thereby; decreasing the use of the Emergency room as primary care.

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    Patients who don’t have a primary care doctor will most often use the Emergency room as primary care. According to the
    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010
    )
    “The overuse of U.S. emergency departments (EDs) is responsible for $38 billion

    in wasteful spending each year.” The overuse of the Emergency department can cause a ripple effect in the type of care the patient receives. As a Care Manager my goal is to make sure there is continuity of care for the patient. If the patient continues to utilize the ER, it makes it difficult to ensure continuity, in that it’s difficult to keep up with all of the prescribing doctors.
    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010) Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay

     

    2.a.
    My investigation included the use of articles available via Ebscohost as well as the getting the view of my resource person within my department. The source in my department stated that” early intervention with patient follow and being able to answer questions patients may have concerning newly prescribed medications after a visit to the ED, helps to decrease the chance of the patient going back to the ED to seek care”.  One article in particular titled,
    Office- Based patient education decreases non-emergent emergency department visits (2011)
    stated that “patient education appears to have resulted in a statistically significant meaningful decrease in Emergency room visits”. Their research showed that timely follow up with the patient, educating the patient on disease/symptom management and educating the staff on how to triage the calls, showed a 6.2% decrease in ED visits from the pre-intervention of 6.83%. 
    Adesara, R., Spencer, J. P., & Bost, J. E. (2011)

     

     

    As stated above the use of the ED resulted $38 billion in wasteful spending in the U.S each year;
    NEHI (March, 2010)
    .
    According to
    NEHI (March, 2010)
    Some of the root causes for the overuse of of the ED revolved around patients not having access to timely primary care, the ED being convenient because of the after hours and weekend care, and often times the primary provider will refer the patient to the ER Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay. The annual number of emergency department visits in the United States increased nearly 20%, from the 96.5 million to 115.3 million over a 10 year period ending in 2005.
    NEHI (March, 2010)

     

     

    Contributing to problem includes lack of patient education on the proper use of benefits and services as well as access to care. Patients are likely to use the ED when they can’t access their primary care provider. According to

    NEHI (March, 2010)
    patients feel as if the ED is easily accessible as compared to regular clinics or primary care settings. The ED is open 24/7 365 days a year, whereas; primary care clinics are limited to the availability in the hours and or days to which they are open. Also it has been stated previously that primary care provider will often refer their patients to the ED for issues that may be deemed as non-emergent.
    NEHI (March, 2010)

     

     

    Implementing Case Managers can help to decrease the number of patient who repeatedly use the ED. This is done by Case Management collaborating with the different providers to assess and create a care plan for the patient. This study found that the average number of yearly patient emergency department visits decreased from 26.5% to 6.5% following the implementation of Case Management.
    NEHI (March, 2010)
    .
    Also providing patients with educational materials and empowering them through education to manage their own conditions, where appropriate, showed a reduction in ED usage. Patients who are able to access care and receive information related to their condition, offers the patient reassurance which may ED visits.
    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010) Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay

     

     

    As stated above implementing Case Management and educating the patients can reduce the percentage of patients who seek care in the ED from 26.5% to 6.5% on the average yearly basis.
    NEHI (March, 2010)

     

     

    Resources include disease specific management information sheets, and letters informing patients on how to properly access to assist in education. Also providing patients with access to things like telehealth, same day appointments, telephone access to after and urgent care facilities may also help to reduce the number of patients who seek care from the ED Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay. Also can offer patients Healthy incentives, the patient would earn points for each time they visited their PCP and completed follow-up appointments. These points can lead to $10 gas cards, gift cards or a waving of the office co-payment.
    NEHI (March, 2010)

     

    According to the
    Journal of healthcare management (2013)
    “healthcare cost decreased by an average 0f $1,042” per person per ER visit for patients had some type of intervention i.e patient education or were exposed to case management”. While that number may seem minimal compared to the overall yearly cost of $38 billion as stated earlier, it is a step in the positive direction.
    Enard, K. R., & Ganelin, D. M. (2013)

     

    The first step in helping to implement my proposal would be to utilize the admission system in my organization to alert me when patients of a particular PCP comes to the ER. Once a pattern has been established, I would then contact that PCP and see how as a care manager I can assist with the care of the patients who utilizes the ED as a primary care option. After receiving the green light from the PCP, I would then begin outreach to those patients who have identified to engage them in care management services. Once the patient is engaged, the Case manager, PCP and patient will come up with a plan of care to assist the patient with management of their condition, thereby; decreasing their need to use the ER. The total process should completed with 90 days.

     

    Primary key stakeholders would include the patient/patient’s family, physician, case manager and any other specialist the patient may be receiving care from. Other stakeholders may include ED department and hospitals Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay. By decreasing the use of the ED for non-emergent needs a decrease in the ED wait times, patient to staff ratio in the ED, and overcrowding may be prevented.
    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010)

     

     

    The patient and the care providers are instrumental in the process, in that compliance from all parties involved will provide for better care for the patient and allows for continuity, Thereby; decreasing the need to seek care in the ED. The care manager’s role would consist of educating the patient and making sure all of the pieces of the puzzle fit.

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    Summarize your engagement with the key stakeholders and/or appropriate partners, including the input and feedback you received.

     

    Working with the key stakeholders would initially involve a meeting to discuss the plan of care for the patient. After the initial contact weekly to bi-weekly contact will be made via telephone to address any questions or concerns the patient may have and to update the PCP and/or specialist on the patient’s care team. I would also explain to them the importance of continuity of care and how important it is to prevent a lapse in care.

     

    The first step in helping to decrease the use of the ED as a source of primary care would be to identify those patients who are considered high risk or repeat offenders. Once those patients are identified working with the primary care provider and patient; as a team we would create a plan of care which includes access to care and education on disease/symptom management Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay. Those patients considered high risk will be followed by Case management from 30-90 days to continually reinforce the importance of following the plan of care and receiving their care from their primary care providers.

    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010)

    Discuss how your proposed solution or innovation could be implemented.

     

    The implementation will be evaluated by a decline in the notifications received from the admission system alerting the case manager to patients going to the ED and by keeping a log of patients who are being case managed to see if there is a decrease in their usage or an increase in their PCP visits.

     

    1.
    As the scientist I had to research articles and journals to review data and statistics pertaining to my topic of choice.

     

    As a detective I had to identify the key stakeholders, identify the problem and come up with a solution to the proposed problem. I also had to identify a resource person within my organization who would be willing to help me implement my proposal.

     

    As the manager of the healing environment I would implement the practices learned throughout my research on a daily basis with the patients who have been identified as those needing care management. By working closely with the patients I have a chance of effectively changing the patient’s views on how to access care and by overall changing their views as it relates to their healthcare needs Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay.

     

     

    Submit the completed attached “Professional Verification Form” from the organizational leader advising you in your leadership experience.

     

     
     

     

    D.

     

    Enard, K. R., & Ganelin, D. M. (2013). Reducing Preventable Emergency Department Utilization and Costs by Using Community Health Workers as Patient Navigators. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 58(6), 412-427.

     

     

    New England Healthcare Institute (March, 2010) A matter of urgency;Reducing Emergency Department overuse; Retrieved from:
    http://www.nehi.net/writable/publication_files/file/nehi_ed_overuse_issue_brief_032610finaledits.pdf

     

     

     

    Suffoletto, B., Hu, J., Guyette, M., & Callaway, C. (2014). Factors contributing to emergency department care within 30 days of hospital discharge and potential ways to prevent it: differences in perspectives of patients, caregivers, and emergency physicians. Journal Of Hospital Medicine, 9(5), 315-319. doi:10.1002/jhm.2167

     

     

     

    Adesara, R., Spencer, J. P., & Bost, J. E. (2011). Office-based patient education decreases non-emergent emergency department visits. The Journal Of Medical Practice Management: MPM, 27(3), 131-135. Patient Education: Proper use of Emergency Department Leadership Learning Experience essay

  • Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

    Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

    The Role of Nurse Informaticists in Healthcare Policy Compliance

    Introduction

    Healthcare policy and corresponding regulations are fundamental components for effective informatics utilization in nursing practice. HealthIT.gov. (2018) highlights the reform that MACRA implemented to transition the Sustainable Growth Rate formula into a quality-based reimbursement framework for nursing informatics. Healthcare providers obtain payment rewards through the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) under the MACRA to deliver quality-efficient care according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Organizations depend on nurse informaticists to fulfill regulatory demands by implementing efficient electronic health record systems and establishing staff education programs for correct data collection and understanding regulatory requirements.

    The 21st Century Cures Act Final Rule is a relevant informatics policy that took effect in 2020. The regulation enables access to patient health information and develops interoperability systems while forbidding information blocking (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2018). System implementation needs EHR updates that allow API access and ensure smooth data transmission between different platforms due to this rule. McGonigle and Mastrian (2022) stated that the Healthcare rule enhances healthcare transparency due to its ability to make health data accessible for patients to review and manage.

    Conclusion

    Nurse informaticists’ two main contributions are maintaining compliance routines, which include regulating system functionality against standards while changing organizational policies to defend patient rights and precision. The Cures Act compliance at the managerial level depends on established policies that combine secure data access standards with employee training for information exchange and periodic system audits. Nurse informaticists unite medical technology with patient care needs so organizations can fulfill their legislative requirements and achieve improved clinical results.

     

    References

    American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2018). MACRA/MIPS: The transition from fee-for-service to quality-based reimbursement. Retrieved from
    https://www.aanp.org/legislation-regulation/federal-legislation/macra-s-quality-payment-program

    Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (n.d.). MACRA. Retrieved January 18, 2019, from
    https://www.cms.gov/medicare/quality-initiatives-patient-assessment-instruments/value-based-programs/macra-mips-and-apms/macra-mips-and-apms.html

    HealthIT.gov. (2018a). Health IT legislation. Retrieved from
    https://www.healthit.gov/topic/laws-regulation-and-policy/health-it-legislation

    McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2022). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Laws & Regulations. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from
    https://www.hhs.gov/regulations/index.html

     

    Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

    Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet

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    As a professional nurse, you are expected to apply your expertise to patient care. On occasion, you will also be expected to share that expertise.

    With evolving technology and continuous changes to regulations designed to keep up these changes, there is usually a need to share information and expertise to inform colleagues, leadership, patients, and other stakeholders.

    In this Assignment, you will study a recent nursing informatics-related healthcare policy, and you will share the relevant details via a fact sheet designed to inform and educate. Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule.

    To Prepare:

    Review the Resources on healthcare policy and regulatory/legislative topics related to health and nursing informatics.

    Consider the role of the nurse informaticist in relation to a healthcare organization’s compliance with various policies and regulations, such as the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA).

    Research and select one health or nursing informatics policy (within the past 5 years) or regulation for further study.

    The Assignment: (1 page)

    Create a 1-page fact sheet that your healthcare organization could hypothetically use to explain the health or nursing informatics policy/regulation you selected.
    Your fact sheet should address the following:

    Briefly and generally explain the policy or regulation you selected.

    Address the impact of the policy or regulation you selected on system implementation.

    Address the impact of the policy or regulation you selected on clinical care, patient/provider interactions, and workflow.

    Highlight organizational policies and procedures that are/will be in place at your healthcare organization to address the policy or regulation you selected. Be specific. Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

     

    No Running Head. APA style. Please ensure intext-citations and references are up to APA style. No references older than 5 years. Please include doi for any references dated after 2013.

    Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

    HIPAA Policies

    The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a federal privacy rule that protects individuals from specific health information that is identifiable. The rule permits, though not obligates, covered healthcare providers to avail to their patients, the option to disclose their health information for specific purposes. The specific purposes include health care operations, payment, and treatment (DHHS, 2019). Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

    Impact of HIPAA on System Implementation, Clinical Care and Workflow

    HIPAA protects privacy at different levels. Chen & Benusa (2017), note that breaches in healthcare data can cause adverse social and personal impacts for patients as well as their families. These breaches can incur large monetary costs that can affect both the Wall Street as well as health care organization investors (Jackson, 2015). Implementation requires that management and protection of private data should encompass machine learning and AI, allow for anonymization of healthcare genomic data while preserving utility; and ensure sensitive data does not leak.

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    HIPAA protects patients and in some cases, healthcare provider information. The ‘seven habits’ format for ensuring that HIPAA guidelines are in compliance when delivering services and for workflow are used. The seven habits include documenting the policy and controlling the environment; assigning appropriate oversight for compliance management; ensuring compliance through communication and training; implementation of regular auditing, monitoring, and control; consistent enforcement of control environment; regular screening of personnel; and preventing and responding to gaps and incidence (Joshi, 2008) Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule. Figure 1 shows a representative workflow

    Source: Joshi, (2008)

     

    Organizational Policies and Procedures

    The healthcare institution will ensure that it develops, adopts, and implements the HIPAA privacy and security procedures and policies by first documenting the same. This will include taking steps when a breach takes place and appointing a security and privacy officer. The officer will need to be well-versed with the HIPAA policies and regulations. Regular assessments for risks will be conducted at random times and frequencies, to identify if any vulnerabilities exist. Doing so will ensure that integrity and confidentiality are maintained with regard to health information. If any risks are identified, remediation and policies’ revision will be done if necessary. Any breaches that are identified will be documented and investigation results notified to relevant authorities. Additionally, all email containing health information and requested by a patient will be encrypted and patients made aware of the purpose of encryption in protecting their privacy. Portable devices containing health information will be regulated with regard to their removal from the healthcare facility Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule. Additionally, a Notice of Privacy Practices will be published and displayed on the healthcare facility’s website and also made available for distribution to the patients.

    Reference

    Chen, J. Q., & Benusa, A. (2017). HIPAA security compliance challenges: The case for small healthcare providers. 
    International Journal of Healthcare Management
    , 
    10
    (2), 135-146.

    Department of  Health and Human Services (2019). Summary of the HIPAA Security Rule.
    https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/security/laws-regulations/index.html

    Jackson, J. (2015). The Costs of Medical Privacy Breach. 
    MD advisor: a journal for New Jersey medical community
    , 
    8
    (3), 4-12.

    Joshi, S. (2008). HIPAA, HIPAA, Hooray?: Current Challenges and Initiatives in Health Informatics in the United States. 
    Biomedical informatics insights
    , 
    1
    , BII-S2007.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4943069/#!po=8.33333  
      Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule

     

    Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Compliance in Healthcare Informatics

    The HIPAA is a crucial federal policy that aims at protecting individuals from data breaches across healthcare. The policy applies to all the care providers that are using health records including electronic devices, and health plans. The policy is suitable since it helps protect the privacy of patients’ data from being accessed and used illegally (Edemekong et al., 2024). Also, this policy gives patients the right to their information such as having compliance with health records and requesting corrections for their information.

    The HIPAA policy has vital impacts on the system implementation since instances of data breaches adversely affect patients and care organizations. Also, the role of HIPAA is to prevent additional costs to the care organizations that may occur when data is breached. The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning emerges as crucial ways through which this menace can be prevented (McGonigle, 2022).

    The HIPAA also presents with critical impact on critical care, patient/provider information, and workflow. The act protects the patients by use of the seven habits which ensures they comply with set standards. Important habits in this case include compliance management, environmental control, and policy documentation (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2018).

    The organization will ensure the HIPAA policy is adequately adopted through implementing the security and privacy procedures. This will involve eliminating any instances of data breaches by having experts manage the health records and IT systems. Additionally, the organization will undertake risk evaluation and assessment to highlight any loopholes that might lead to information breaches. Further, all the emails and messages from patients will be highly encrypted to ensure there is no third party who gets access to the systems (Theodos, 2020). Further, the organization will closely safeguard the digital systems and health records from being taken out of the facility by employees.

     
     

    References

    American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2018). 
    MACRA/MIPS: The transition from fee-for-service to quality-based reimbursement
    Links to an external site.
    Retrieved from https://www.aanp.org/legislation-regulation/federal-legislation/macra-s-quality-payment-program

    Edemekong PF, Annamaraju P, Haydel MJ. (2024). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from:
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500019/

    McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2022). 
    Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge
    (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Chapter 8, “Legislative Aspects of Nursing Informatics: HIPAA, HITECH and Beyond” (pp. 161–181)

    Theodos, K., & Sittig, S. (2020). Health Information Privacy Laws in the Digital Age: HIPAA Doesn’t Apply. 
    Perspectives in health information management
    , 
    18
    (Winter), 1l. Assignment: Policy/Regulation Fact Sheet: HIPAA Security Rule