Category: Writing

The Oneida nation, one of the Six Nations of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), issued a formal declaration of neutrality on June 19, 1775 to the governor of Connecticut after the imperial crisis between Great Britain and their North American colonies erupted into violence. This declaration hints at the Oneida conceptions of their own sovereignty among the Six Nations confederacy, the independence of other Indian nations, and how the Oneida understand the conflict as a war “between two brothers.” Samuel Kirkland, a missionary living in Iroquois country, interpreted and transcribed the Oneida’s words and sent them to Governor Jonathan Trumbull of Connecticut.
A Speech of the Chiefs and Warriors of the Oneida Tribe of Indians, to the four New-England Provinces, directed to Governour Trumbull; and by him to be communicated:
As our younger brothers of the New-England Indians, (who have settled in our vicinity) are now going down to visit their friends, and to move up parts of their families that were left behind, with this belt by them, we open the road wide, clearing it of all obstacles, that they may visit their friends and return to their settlements here in peace.
We Oneidas are induced to this measure on account of the disagreeable situation of affairs that way; and we hope, by the help of God, that they may go and return in peace. We earnestly recommend them to your charity through their long journey.
Now we more immediately address you, our brother, the Governor and the Chiefs of New-England.
Brothers! We have heard of the unhappy differences and great contention betwixt you and old England. We wonder greatly, and are troubled in our minds.
Brothers! Possess your minds in peace respecting us Indians. We cannot intermeddle in this dispute between two brothers. The quarrel seems to be unnatural; you are two brothers of one blood. We are unwilling to join one other side in such a contest, for we bear an equal affection to both of you, Old and New-England. Should the great King of England apply to us for our aid, we shall deny him. If the Colonies apply, we will refuse. The present situation of you two brothers is new and strangetous. We Indians can not find nor recollect in the traditions of our ancestors the like case or a similar instance.
Brothers! For these reasons possess your minds in peace, and taken umbrage that we Indians refuse joining in the contest; we are for peace.
Brothers! Was it an alien, a foreign Nation, which struck you, we should look into the matter. We hope, through the wise government and good pleasure of God, your distresses may soon be removed, and the dark cloud be dispersed.
Brothers! As we have declared for peace, we desire you will not apply to our Indian brethren in New-England for their assistance. Let us Indians be all of one mind, and live in peace with one another, and you white people settle your own disputes betwixt yourselves.
Brothers! We have now declared our minds; please write to us that we may know yours. We, the sachems, warriors, and female governesses of Oneida, send our love to you, brother Governour, and all the other chiefs in New-England.
Signed by the Chief Warriors of the Oneida: William Sunoghsis, Viklasha Watshaleagh, William Kanaghquassea, Peter Thayehcase, Germine Tegayavher, Nickhes Ahsechose, Thomas Yoghtanawca, Adam Ohonwano, Quedellis Agwerondongwas, Handerchiko Tegahpreahdyen, John Skeanender, Thomas Teorddeatha.
Caughnawaga, June19, 1775.
Interpreted and wrote by Samuel Kirkland, Missionary.
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Standard Spanish is an Indo-European language of the Romance family. Examine the phones [d] and [ð]. Determine whether they are allophones of one phoneme or of separate phonemes. If they are allophones of one phoneme, identify the type of distribution. If they are in complementary distribution, state a rule that describes the distribution. If [d] and [ð] are allophones of separate phonemes, give minimal pairs that prove this.
File 3.6 Practice 147 phonemes. If they are allophones of one phoneme, identify the type of distribution. If they are in complementary distribution, state a rule that describes the distribution. If [d] and [o] a. [drenar] are allophones of separate phonemes, give minimal pairs that prove this. b. [dentro] ‘to drain’ ‘within’ g. [duda] h. [bendito] doubt’ c. [dia] ‘day’ ‘blessed’ d. [adonde] ‘where’ i. [ladear] ‘to tilt’ e. [ajuda] j. [aldea] f. [idioma] ‘help’ ‘village’ ‘language’ k. [dedo] ‘finger’ 1. [toldo] canopy’ 26. Russian Russian is an Indo-European language of the Slavic family, spoken in Russia. Determine from the following Russian data whether the low front [a] and the low back [a] complement each other as allophones of the same phoneme or whether they are in contrast as allophones of separate phonemes. If they are allophones of separate phonemes, provide evidence for your claim. If they are in complementary distribution, pick one allophone as the basic sound, and give the conditioning phonetic contexts for its allophones. [p’], [t’], [d’], [z’], and [1′] are palatalized consonants. a. [al’t] ‘viola’ f. [trava] ‘grass’ b. [tak] ‘so’ g. [d’ad’a] ‘uncle c. [p’atka] ‘heel’ h. [m’at’] ‘to crumple’ d. [mat’] ‘mother’ i. [vas] ‘your (plural)’ five’ j. [z’at’] ‘son-in-law’ e. [p’at’] 27. Burmese Burmese is a Sino-Tibetan language of the Tibeto-Burman family, spoken in Myanmar. The following Burmese data contain both voiced and voiceless nasals. The latter are indicated by a small circle placed under the phonetic symbol. Are [m] and [m ] allophones of the sam phoneme, or are they different phonemes? What about [n] and [n]? Is the same also tr for [n] and [n]? Give evidence for your answer. If there is a phonological process involve State what it is and give the conditioning environment. What is it about this environme Note: Burmese is a tone language, where [‘] indicates a high-tor o-toned vowel. No tone marking indicates that

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1. Have you heard of Selena Gomez? What did you know about her before reading this feature?
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Select the answer option that contains no capitalization errors.
Group of answer choices
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What specific words show this?
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