Tag: Academic writing

Policy Advocacy Challenge I Chose
The Policy Advocacy Challenge I chose was Enhancing the Rights of Children Who Are Sexually Assaulted in School. This Policy Advocacy Challenge felt the most relatable to me because I want to be a school social worker. In this case a 12-year-old girl was raped while at school and was not afforded the same rights in court as the offender was, and therefore she was traumatized even more by having to relieve this experience alone. Thankfully, a law was put in place to ensure offenders and victims are given the same rights in court for school disciplinary hearings (Jansson, pg. 10, 2018).
Who is defining the problem?
Gail Abarbanel, MSW, LCSW, Executive Director, Rape Treatment Center, Santa Monica-UCLA Medical Center defined the problem for this 12-year-old who was raped in school and unable to have support at court with her. Gail Abarbanel also involved Assemblywoman Sheila Kuehl (D-Santa Monica) to help her define this problem. She found a felt need in a broken system and was able to address that need so that students have equal rights in court cases involving sexual assault. “Felt need measures persons’ belief that they have a problem” (Jansson, pg. 234, 2018).
What values are reflected in this definition of the problem?
There are many social work values reflected in this problem. The values aligned with the NASW Code of Ethics are “Dignity and Worth of the person, Importance of Human Relationships, and Social Justice” (NASW, 2021). Gail reflected the importance of human relationships by proving that not having a support person in court during a traumatic time, causes even more trauma. She reflected the dignity and worth of this victim by showing she mattered and deserved equal treatment for the court case. She also reflected social justice by advocating for the law to be put in place.
What is being omitted in this definition?
There are a few things being omitted in this definition. One being there was no information given on how this rape was able to take place in school and why there was no protection and supervision on the students in the school. There was also no information on why the victim wasn’t given the same rights as the alleged offender. Without all the information surrounding the situation, it is hard for a social worker to advocated for policy to change. This would be like a social worker only gathering half the information on a family. If the social worker only gathered the family’s strengths and not their needs, then the social worker could not adequately advocate for the family and their needs.
References
Jansson, B. S. (2018).?
Becoming an effective policy advocate: From policy practice to social justic
e (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
?      Chapter 7, “Analyzing Problems in the First Step of Policy Analysis” (pp. 204-243)
?      Policy Advocacy Challenge 1.2 (p. 9)
QUESTION:
?      ?What makes a social problem a
social work
problem?
?      How can social work practice skills be applied to advocacy and policy that promote change?

4. Use map D, Sumer, to identify the culture of the following city state.. Write SU for Sumne ian, SE for Semitic, or EL for Elamite. City-State
Culture a. Ebla b. Ur c. M_ri d. A.shur 1IIIIII e. Susa f. Akshak g. Uruk

INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Hot peppers cause a burning sensation in the mouth because they contain a compound called capsaicin (or any of the related compounds called capsaicinoids). Capsaicin is an alkaline oil that binds to pain receptors in the mucous membrane. In some cases it produces excruciating agony. Drinking something acidic, like lemonade, helps to combat the burning.
Anne Marie Helmenstine, About.com Guide to Chemistry
Selected Answer: b.
Argument; conclusion: Capsaicin is an alkaline oil … mucous membrane.
Answers: a.
Argument; conclusion: Drinking something acidic … combat the burning.
b.
Argument; conclusion: Capsaicin is an alkaline oil … mucous membrane.
c.
Argument; conclusion: They contain a compound … capsaicinoids).
d.
Nonargument.
e.
Argument; conclusion: Hot peppers cause a burning sensation in the mouth.

According to Aristotle, the function of man is rational activity; the function of a good man is rational activity in accordance with select one
Habit
Eudaimonia
Passion
Virtue
According to Aristotle, what are the two types of virtue?select one
intellectual, moral
honor, courage
faculties, passions
education, nature
identify which of the following is characteristic of Virtues: select one
State of health
Mean between excess and deficiency
Achieving perfection
Solely determined by reason
Which is true of natural law? select one
Natural law assumes that moral beliefs vary in different societies and cultures.
Natural laws may be ignored if they will result in negative consequences.
A belief in God is essential for one to be a natural law ethicist.
Natural law is teleological.
What principle describes an action that causes serious harm but may be permissible if that harm is an unintended side effect of bringing about a particular good?select one
Reason
Just war
Double effect
Just law
When is civil disobedience
not
justified?select one
When laws are degrading to humans
When breaking the law causes more harm than obeying the law
When laws are discriminatory
When laws are enacted by an authority that is not truly representative
When laws are unjustly applied
Which statement is true about Kant’s moral philosophy?select one
Kant believed that most people have difficulty in knowing what is right.
Kant believed that it is correct to consider self-interest in ethical dilemmas.
Kant’s practical imperative is to treat humanity as an end in itself and never as a means only.
Kant claimed animals should not be used as a means to man’s end.
Kant claimed that moral rules are handed down from God.
What is a key claim of ethical egoism? select one
People achieve happiness by pursuing the best outcome for the most people.
People are self-interested by nature.
Individual happiness is the greatest moral good.
Happiness is essentially irrational.
What is a claim of Utilitarianism? select one
The moral community consists only of human beings, not animals.
An action is morally right to the extent that it promotes the happiness or pleasure of the greatest number of people
The distribution of utility is not as important as the quantity of utility for each person.
One should always follow a specific set of moral rules.
Intentions must be considered in judgements about the rightness or wrongness of an action.
To make a logical moral argument you must include a moral standard, the facts, and _________________. select one
The conclusion
Relevant clarified concepts
The opposing view
Counter examples
Which statement is
not true
about standards? select one
Standards are impartial
Standards are determined by the community’s consensus
Standards might conflict with one another
Standards rely upon metaphysical descriptions of nature and reality
The “mean” depends upon the individual and/or the culture.
True
False
Both ethical egoism and utilitarianism claim the outcome or consequences of our actions determine moral worth.
True
False
Distributive justice is concerned about how a society’s rewards and punishments should be distributed.
True
False
Psychological Egoism is the observation that human beings act in their self interest.
True
False
Check all statements that are correct criteria for civil disobedience, according to Henry David Thoreau.
Only moral and non-violent means should be used
An effort is first made to bring about a change through legal means
One should wait until the time is right
One must accept the consequences of their actions
The actions must be open and public
Which statements are
not true
about Kant’s ideas of self-esteem? select one
A
. Proper self-esteem makes one less dependent on the opinions and reactions of others
B
. Self-respect puts your own interests first
C
True self-respect depends upon outward achievements.
D.
One cannot love another more than oneself, and this implies one has a duty to treat oneself with self-respect.
E
.Self-esteem that is not founded upon the development of moral character and good will encourages self-deception, egoism and narcissism.
Deontological ethics determines the rightness and wrongness of an action by its consequences.
True
False
Match each term with the correct definition.
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Absolute duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Prima facie duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Positive duty
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Negative duty
A.
A duty that requires we actively do something
B.
A duty that is always morally binding regardless of the circumstance
C.
A duty that is morally binding unless it conflicts with a more pressing duty
D.
A duty that requires we restrain ourselves from doing something
Match each term with the correct definition.
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Ethical subjectivism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Ethical egoism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Hedonism
–           A.           B.           C.           D.
Psychological egoism
A.
A concern for one’s best self-interest
B.
Maintains pleasure as a standard of value
C.
A description of human nature as self-interested
D.
A concern only for one’s self-interest

Hi so I have basically my final assignment for philosophy and I need help. I will post the whole question underneath
Read “Fiction” by Nozick (pg. 368 in 6th edition) from our text book, and follow the directions below.
1. Choose 3 quotes to analyze. Each analysis is to be thorough and should be approached in a manner that accords with 4-pillar notes. In other words, it ought to interpret each quote in your own words, discuss what the implications are of the idea as you understand it and reflect somewhat on what that means to you.  But you will do this in paragraph form as opposed to the 4-pillar set up.
2. Corelate each quote to a different reading we covered. You cannot use the same reading twice during this process, so each quote must be linked to a different one of our readings (and two of the three must be from readings assigned after the midterm). In the process of corelating (or contrasting) you need to explain the key point from the reading in question, demonstrating clarity and understanding, before going into how that concept connects to what the quote from “Fiction” is suggesting.
To give you an idea of the effort that is required here for the exam, I would say that each quote’s analysis and connection to a reading ought to take up at least a page of writing, so the exam itself, when complete, ought to be at least 3 pages in length if it is to have been a thorough effort on your part. A good format to follow would be to write 3 paragraphs for each quote: the first analyzes the quote from “Fiction” thoroughly, the second discusses the reading you will be corelating to and will present a clear understanding of the concept in question to be linked back to “Fiction”, and the third paragraph does the actual connecting of ideas, discussing both pieces and how their positions intersect, how they take a similar or different approach to an idea, how they build on each other or provide distinctly different interpretations of the same philosophical concern, and where this connection takes your thoughts/conclusions on the matter.
The reading does a good job of crossing into every one of our readings, so read it carefully, pick several quotes, take time to think about which readings best connect to each quote and how well-versed you feel in discussing the concepts. Maybe find quotes from each reading you wish to connect to help make the corelations clear in your estimation. Then pick the 3 quotes and connections you feel most equipped to analyze and present thoroughly.

According to Foucault, between the time of the plague and leprosy in the middle ages and today, which of the following transformations has taken place? Disease has become more commonplace, despite the use of disciplinary mechanisms. The body has been transformed from a raw material into a sovereign object. O Techniques that only responded to extraordinary phenomena have been transformed into techniques for everyday use. O [all of the above]

Case study excerpted from https://practicalbioethics.org/case-studies-good-death-or-assisted-suicide.html
The Case of Mr. Perry and his Pacemaker
Tarris Rosell, PhD, DMin
Rosemary Flanigan Chair at the Center for Practical Bioethics
Mr. Perry (not his real name) was 83 years old and had several medical problems. He had spent the past several months in and out of hospitals and rehab. Prior to that, he lived independently in a small Midwestern town. Widowed many years ago, he subsequently enjoyed the company of a lady friend who lived down the street from the Perry home. He had five adult children and numerous grandchildren.
Life should have been relatively good for this octogenarian. But life was not good. Not anymore. “My body is all worn out. I’m worn out. Don’t want to do this anymore, Doc. They say I can’t go home and be safe. And I’m NOT going to a nursing home. No way! Just stop that little gadget that shocks me and the part that keeps my heart going. I want them stopped. Yes, the pacemaker, too. A magnet will stop it, right? Just do it. Please.”
Mr. Perry had a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) implanted a few years ago. It included an electrical pacing component for heart rhythms, on which the patient was 100% dependent. The defibrillator had shocked him, more than once, just before he came to the hospital E.R. with this request. That was the last straw for Mr. Perry. No more shocks for him. No nursing home or rehab or hospitalizations or medications. And no more mechanical pacing either. “I’m tired of fighting.”
Deactivating an internal defibrillator is one thing. The patient’s cardiologist didn’t need an ethics consultation for that decision. “If he doesn’t want to be shocked again, that’s his decision. And if it went off again after he’d requested it stopped, that could be a kind of torture,” she reasoned. Deactivation happened quickly after admission from the Emergency Department. A “Do Not Attempt Resuscitation” order was placed in the chart.
But the pacemaker, also? He wanted it stopped. Ought we do so? Would that be ethically respectful of this patient’s autonomy? Or would it be physician-technician assisted suicide?
“If we stop the pacemaker, Mr. Perry, you will die within a few minutes.”
“Yes, I know. I’m tired of fighting. Please.”
A hospital ethics consultation landed on the side of permissibility and respect for a capacitated patient’s autonomy. Subsequently, Mr. Perry had his wishes respected, and he died peacefully surrounded by family and a family friend, who read scripture and offered prayer. A priest chaplain had previously given last rites. His lady friend sat by his side, held his hand, stroked his arm and said, “We’ve had good years together, but you’ve suffered enough. I’ll let you go.” Mr. Perry’s last words were, “Thank you.”
Questions
Did Mr. Perry give true informed consent according to the model of informed consent outlined by Rozovsky and Rozovsky or was his judgment clouded by his illness?
Is this a case of voluntary active euthanasia or voluntary passive euthanasia?
Was having an ethics committee to decide removing the pacemaker necessary? Was the decision base too broad in this case?
Would Hardwig argue that Perry had a duty to die? According to Callahan, should Perry have been given the cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) device in the first place?

1. Sources and Uses Table 2. Returns Unlevered IRR b. Levered IRR c. Equity Multiple d. Stabilized Yield e. Stabilized Cash on Cash 3. Data Tables Measuring IRR at the following: a. Tenant 1 rents ($1/SF increments) vs cap rates b. Land purchase price ($5 / SF increments) vs debt interest rate (0.25% increments) c. Tenant 2 rents ($2 / SF increments) vs TI’s ($10 / SF increments) 4. Please build a waterfall reflecting the following: a. 5% GP Investment / 95% LP Investment b. Pari Passu until a 8% return c. 20% to the GP and 80% to the LP until a 12% return d. 30% to the GP and 70% to the LP until a 15% return e. 40% to the GP and 60% to the LP thereafter

1. Symb 1.013(Scheme: R: Richard will, T: Terry will, X: Kit can.)Richard won’t, if Terry will assuming that Kit can’t.
2. Symb 1.020(Scheme: T: Alfred concentrates, P: Alfred will pass).Alfred will pass on the condition that if he will pass only if he concentrates then he will pass.
3. Symb 1.026(Scheme: R: Richard will, T: Terry will, X: Kit will.)Given that it is not the case that if Richard won’t Terry will, Kit won’t.
4. Symb 2.036(Scheme: P: Ruth will pass, S: Ruth studies, T: Ruth is tired.)Ruth is tired; nevertheless she’ll pass.
5. Symb 2.053(Scheme: U: UCLA wins its first game S: USC wins its first game, Y: Cal wins its first game.)If UCLA and USC don’t both win their first games, then USC and Cal both do win their first games.
6. Symb 2.054(Scheme: P: Ruth will pass, S: Ruth studies, T: Ruth is tired.)Ruth studies hard unless she’s tired, in which case she doesn’t.
7. Symb 2.055(Scheme: P: Alfred will pass, Q: Alfred concentrates, R: Logic is difficult.)Unless logic is difficult, Alfred will pass if he concentrates.
8. Symb 2.058(Scheme: R: Richard will pass, T: Tony will pass. Y: Yiannis will pass.)If neither Richard nor Tony will pass, Yiannis won’t either.
9. Symb 2.065(Scheme: P: Richard pays attention. S: Richard loses track of the argument. T: Richard takesnotes. W: Richard does well in the course)Either it is not the case that Richard pays attention and does not lost track of the argument,or it is not the case that he does not take notes or fails to do well in the course.
10. Symb 2.078(Scheme: P: Richard will be disappointed. R: the critics approve. T: the concert will beworthwhile. W: the music played well.)Although Richard will be disappointed unless the critics approve, the concert will be worthwhileif and only if the music is played well.
11. Symb 2.079(Scheme: R: Donald is eager. S: Richard is eager. W: Donald is willing.X: Richard is willing.)Neither Donald nor Richard is eager, but each is willing if the other is.
12. Symb 2.084(Scheme: V: Donald is a lover of logic. R: Donald organizes his time. W. Donald enjoyswhiskey at night. Z: Donald enjoys Mozart in the morning)If Donald is a lover of logic who organizes his time, then he enjoys Mozart in the morningor whiskey at night, but not both.
13. Symb 2.093(Scheme: R: Richard will pass, T: Tony will pass. Y: Yiannis will pass.)No more than one of (Richard, Tony, and Yiannis, of course) will pass..
14. Symb 2.094(Scheme: R: Richard will pass, T: Tony will pass. Y: Yiannis will pass.)Exactly two of them (among Richard, Tony and Yiannis) will pass.

?Imagine two worlds with equal amounts of happiness and misery in them, only the first world is full of people who take pleasure in causing others pain, while the second world is full of cooperative and compassionate people living in extremely harsh environmental conditions. Which, if either, is the morally better world? Support your answer with reasons. Your answer should discuss how this scenario threatens to undermine the standpoint of hedonism.