Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Note: This Assignment (both Parts 1 & 2) is due on Day 5 of Week 11.

If you talk about a possible poor health outcome, do you believe that outcome will occur? Do you believe eye contact and personal contact should be avoided?

You would have a difficult time practicing as a nurse if you believed these to be true. But they are very real beliefs in some cultures.

Differences in cultural beliefs, subcultures, religion, ethnic customs, dietary customs, language, and a host of other factors contribute to the complex environment that surrounds global healthcare issues. Failure to understand and account for these differences can create a gulf between practitioners and the public they serve.

In this Assignment, you will examine a global health issue and consider the approach to this issue by the United States and by one other country.

Resources

 

Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.

Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

WEEKLY RESOURCES

To Prepare:

Review the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global health agenda and select one global health issue to focus on for this Assignment.

Select at least one additional country to compare to the U.S. for this Assignment.

Reflect on how the global health issue you selected is approached in the U.S. and in the additional country you selected.

Review and download the Global Health Comparison Matrix provided in the Resources.

The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Global Health Comparison Matrix; 1-page Plan for Social Change)

Part 1: Global Health Comparison Matrix

Focusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following:

Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study.

Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each policy.

Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the global health issue you selected. Be specific and provide examples.

Using the WHO’s Organization’s global health agenda as well as the results of your own research, analyze how each country’s government addresses cost, quality, and access to the global health issue selected.

Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the health of the global population. Be specific and provide examples.

Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the role of the nurse in each country.

Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. Be specific and provide examples.

Part 2: A Plan for Social Change

Reflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment and the impact that global health issues may have on the world, the U.S., your community, as well as your practice as a nurse leader.

In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples.

Assignment document should include:

Title page

Introductory paragraph

Global health comparison matrix

Plan for social change

Conclusion

References

Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Use this document to complete the Module 6 Assessment
Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Introduction

Antimicrobials are perhaps the most important discoveries in medicine during the 20
th
century. They presented a new class of medicine that directly targeted disease-causing pathogens to save millions of lives. While antimicrobials have been successful in saving lives, they have been abused as a ‘magic bullet’ for treatment. That has been because of indiscriminate use that borders on abuse. Consequently, antimicrobial resistance has emerged even as disease-causing pathogens evolve and develop new strains not susceptible to the antimicrobials (Salam et al., 2023). This places populations at risk as antimicrobial-resistant pathogens proliferate and cause diseases without effective counters or requiring more expensive interventions.  Combating antimicrobial resistance requires government intervention as a public health concern (Sevarajan et al., 2022). This Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement paper compares the measures the USA and Canada applied to combat antimicrobial resistance and the nurse leader’s position in addressing the issue.

 

Global Healthcare Issue

Antimicrobial resistance

Description

Antimicrobials are essential for preventing and treating infectious diseases in humans, animals, and plants. However, there is concern that indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has resulted in antimicrobial resistance, in which case bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial medication. Antimicrobials are becoming ineffective as diseases become difficult to treat, thereby increasing the risk of diseases spreading and infected persons becoming severely ill, experiencing disability, and dying. Antimicrobial resistance can be prevented by avoiding the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials (Selvarajan et al., 2022).

Country

United States

Canada

Describe the policy in each country related to the identified healthcare issue

The USA combats antimicrobial resistance through the National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, 2020-2025, a national policy. The policy facilitates and directs coordinated strategic action by the US government and its strategic partners (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024).

Canada combats antimicrobial resistance through the Pan-Canadian Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance, a national policy. The policy coordinates efforts and actions by the government and its strategic partners at all levels in leadership, infection prevention, and control, stewardship, and innovation and surveillance (Government of Canada, 2024).

What are the strengths of this policy?

It coordinates and unifies the efforts of stakeholders to address antimicrobial resistance.

It coordinates and unifies the efforts of stakeholders to address antimicrobial resistance.

What are the weaknesses of this policy?

The policy is slow in research translation into practice, resulting in practices not informed by current research. In addition, not all stakeholders are included in the policy. The public is largely ignored as public awareness efforts are lacking.

The policy is slow in research translation into practice, resulting in practices not informed by current research. In addition, not all stakeholders are included in the policy. The public is largely ignored as public awareness efforts are lacking Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement.

Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the specified global health issue. (Be specific and provide examples)

 

Antimicrobial resistance is impacted by economics and healthcare access as social determinants of health. First, economics determines the ability to pay for medication and limits the options available to a patient. Second, healthcare access determines what care is received and what medication may be prescribed and administered (Jani et al., 2021).

 

 

Antimicrobial resistance is impacted by economics and healthcare access as social determinants of health. First, economics determines the ability to pay for medication and limits the options available to a patient. Second, healthcare access determines what care is received and what medication may be prescribed and administered (Jani et al., 2021).

How has each country’ government addressed cost, quality, and access to the selected global health issue?

The government and its partners bear the cost of addressing antimicrobial resistance. They fund and determine the direction of the antimicrobial resistance programs. This has allowed them to control the quality and access (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024).

The government and its partners bear the cost of addressing antimicrobial resistance. They fund and determine the direction of the antimicrobial resistance programs. This has allowed them to control the quality and access (Government of Canada, 2024).

How has the identified health policy impacted the health of the global population? (Be specific and provide examples)

The policy slows down the antimicrobial resistance in the population. It prevents the spread and proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, strengthens population surveillance, advances research on tests to identify antimicrobial strains, and accelerates the development of antimicrobials to combat resistant strains. The policy has been extended globally where the USA partners with other governments (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024).

The policy slows down the antimicrobial resistance in the population. It prevents the spread and proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, strengthens population surveillance, advances research on tests to identify antimicrobial strains, and accelerates the development of antimicrobials to combat resistant strains. The policy has been extended globally where Canada partners with other governments (Government of Canada, 2024).

Describe the potential impact of the identified health policy on the nurse’s role in each country.

The policy impacts nurses’ roles by engaging them in research and development, control, prevention, and surveillance.

The policy impacts nurses’ roles by engaging them in research and development, control, prevention, and surveillance.

Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. (Be specific and provide examples)

Antimicrobial resistance has an impact on local healthcare organizations and policies. It supports the spread of drug-resistant pathogens and places populations at risk of diseases whose treatment is challenging. The medication options are limited when dealing with drug-resistant diseases, resulting in less effective treatment and less favorable outcomes (Salam et al., 2023).

Antimicrobial resistance has an impact on local healthcare organizations and policies. It supports the spread of drug-resistant pathogens and places populations at risk of diseases whose treatment is challenging. The medication options are limited when dealing with drug-resistant diseases, resulting in less effective treatment and less favorable outcomes (Salam et al., 2023).

General Notes/Comments Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat at all population levels, from local to national and global levels. It places populations at risk of adverse healthcare outcomes and increases treatment costs. The occurrence of resistant strains of pathogens makes medication less effective, treatment options limited, and the cost of care increases with higher chances of morbidity and mortality. The antimicrobial resistance policy helps to address concerns about drug-resistant disease strains by coordinating efforts of stakeholders to improve awareness, surveillance, prevention, control, and research.

Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat at all population levels, from local to national and global levels. It places populations at risk of adverse healthcare outcomes and increases treatment costs. The occurrence of resistant strains of pathogens makes medication less effective, treatment options limited, and the cost of care increases with higher chances of morbidity and mortality. The antimicrobial resistance policy helps to address concerns about drug-resistant disease strains by coordinating efforts of stakeholders to improve awareness, surveillance, prevention, control, and research.

 

 

Part 2: A Plan for Social Change

 

Explain how you would advocate for incorporating a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

A nurse leader must have a population perspective when addressing health concerns. The perspective should be at all population levels, especially addressing antimicrobial resistance. The nurse leader can leverage the position to engage stakeholders in increasing public awareness about antimicrobial resistance. This is achieved through advocacy efforts that engage stakeholders in forums to inform them about the issue, discuss their position in addressing it, and collect their perspectives and opinions. Advocacy efforts are essential in creating awareness and improving vigilance so that local populations are less prone to abusing antimicrobials and use them appropriately. In addition to advocacy efforts, a nurse leader can support surveillance by collecting local population data on antimicrobial resistance from patient interactions with healthcare facilities. Besides that, nurse leaders can be involved in research activities to identify and develop more effective strategies for addressing antimicrobial resistance (Nies & McEwen, 2022).

Explain how incorporating a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

A global perspective impacts the local practice and role of a nurse. This is perceived in evidence-based practice, where knowledge is transferred from the global level to the local level in terms of generalizing recommendations and making relevant choices on what knowledge can be adapted into the local practice to address existing, emerging, or anticipated concerns. The nurse leader takes a role in identifying the local problems and solutions successfully applied in other areas and translating the solutions to the local situation. This involves sustainable knowledge transfer, creating a research knowledge culture, paying attention to current and new research, and ensuring partners are engaged with economic and social structures put in place to support the knowledge transfer (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2021) Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement.

Explain how incorporating a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change.

A global perspective in local practice represents and contributes to social change. A global perspective helps identify diversities that may impact healthcare outcomes, such as differences in cultural perspectives impacting vaccine resistance and uptake. Understanding the diversities helps the nurse leader undertake targeted efforts to improve health outcomes, such as having public discussion forums where the local population is engaged to advocate for vaccine uptake and address their resistance. In addition, a global perspective helps identify and address health disparities within the local population. For instance, it can help identify the need for public education to reduce the incidence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains within the local population. This is instrumental in improving public health outcomes. Besides that, a nurse leader can engage with stakeholders at the global level to bring resources and knowledge into the local community to address health issues and improve health outcomes (Rector & Stanley, 2021).

 

Conclusion

One must accept that antimicrobials have greatly supported modern medicine in combating diseases. In addition, one must acknowledge that antimicrobial resistance is eroding efforts to combat diseases. The USA and Canada address antimicrobial resistance as a national and global issue focusing on leadership, infection prevention and control, stewardship, and innovation and surveillance efforts. Their efforts have slowed down antimicrobial resistance in national and global populations. Besides that, nurses support the policy efforts through engaging in research and development, control, prevention, and surveillance. Additionally, nurse leaders advocate for advancing a global perspective in addressing antimicrobial resistance at the local practice level through increasing public awareness, surveillance, and engaging in research activities. Furthermore, nurse leaders are engaged in sustainable knowledge transfer, creating a research knowledge culture, paying attention to current and new research, and ensuring partners are engaged with economic and social structures to support the knowledge transfer. Moreover, nurse leaders contribute to social change by identifying and addressing diversity and health disparities and engaging stakeholders at the global level to bring in resources and knowledge.

 

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024).
Antimicrobial Resistance: National Action Plan
.
https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/us-activities/national-action-plan.html

Government of Canada (2024).
Pan-Canadian Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance
.
https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/drugs-health-products/pan-canadian-action-plan-antimicrobial-resistance.html

Jani, K., Srivastava, V., Sharma, P., Vir, A., & Sharma, A. (2021). Easy Access to Antibiotics; Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance and Implementation of One Health Approach in India.
Journal of epidemiology and global health, 11
(4), 444–452.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-021-00008-2

Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2022).
Community/Public Health Nursing
(8th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.

Rector, C. L., & Stanley, M. J. (2021).
Community and Public Health Nursing: Promoting the Public’s Health
. Wolters Kluwer.

Salam, M. A., Al-Amin, M. Y., Salam, M. T., Pawar, J. S., Akhter, N., Rabaan, A. A., & Alqumber, M. A. A. (2023). Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
,
11
(13), 1946.
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131946

Selvarajan, R., Obize, C., Sibanda, T., Abia, A. L. K., & Long, H. (2022). Evolution and Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance in Given Ecosystems: Possible Strategies for Addressing the Challenge of Antibiotic Resistance.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 12
(1), 28.
https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010028

Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2021).
Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community
(6th ed.). Elsevier, Inc. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

 

Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

NURS_6050_Module06_Week11_Assignment_Rubric

NURS_6050_Module06_Week11_Assignment_Rubric

Criteria

Ratings

Pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Global Healthcare Issues and PoliciesPart 1: Global Health Comparison MatrixFocusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following:• Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study.

50
 
to >
44.0
 pts
Excellent
Response uses sufficient evidence and provides clear, accurate, and detailed explanation of: …-strengths and weaknesses of policies in the U.S. and another country …-how the social determinants of health impact the issue in the U.S. and in another country. Specific examples are provided. …-how the governments of the two countries address cost, quality, and access related to the issue. …-how the policy in each of the two countries impacts the health of the global population. Detailed and accurate supporting examples are provided. …-how the policies in each country impact the role of the nurse. …-how the global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in each of the two countries.

44
 
to >
39.0
 pts
Good
Response uses sufficient evidence and provides an explanation of: …-the strengths and weaknesses of policies in the U.S. and another country. …-how the social determinants of health impact the issue in the U.S. and in another country. Specific examples may be provided. …-how the governments of the two countries address cost, quality, and access related to the issue. …-how the policy in each of the two countries impacts the health of the global population. Supporting examples may be provided. …-how the policies in each country impact the role of the nurse. …-how the global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in each of the two countries.

39
 
to >
34.0
 pts
Fair
Explanation of the strengths and weaknesses of policies in the U.S. and another country is vague or inaccurate. …Explanation of how the social determinants of health impact the issue in the U.S. and another country, and/or the examples, are vague or inaccurate. …Explanation of how the governments of the two countries address cost, quality, and access related to the issue is vague or inaccurate. …Explanation of how the policy in each of the two countries impacts the health of the global population, and/or supporting examples, is vague or inaccurate. …Explanation of how the policies in each country impact the role of the nurse is vague or incomplete. …Explanation of how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in each of the two countries is vague or inaccurate.

34
 
to >
0
 pts
Poor
Explanation of the strengths and weaknesses of policies in the U.S. and another country is vague and inaccurate or is missing. …Explanation of how the social determinants of health impact the issue in the U.S. and in another country, and the examples, are vague and inaccurate, or is missing. …Explanation of how the governments of the two countries address cost, quality, and access related to the issue is vague and inaccurate or is missing. …Explanation of how the policy in each of the two countries impacts the global population, and supporting examples, is missing. …Explanation of how the policies in each country impact the role of the nurse is vague and inaccurate or is missing. …Explanation of how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries is missing.

50
 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
The Nurse’s Role in Global HealthcarePart 2: A Plan for Social ChangeReflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment. In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.• Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples.

35
 
to >
31.0
 pts
Excellent
Using sufficient evidence, Response provides a clear and thorough explanation of how one would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into his/her role as a nurse leader. …Response provides a clear and thorough explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact local practice and the role as a nurse leader. …Response clearly and thoroughly explains in detail how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens in one’s role as a nurse represents and contributes to social change. Accurate And detailed supporting examples are provided.

31
 
to >
27.0
 pts
Good
Using sufficient evidence, Response provides an explanation of how one would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into his/her role as a nurse leader. …Response provides an explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact local practice and the role as a nurse leader. …Response explains how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens in one’s role as a nurse represents and contributes to social change. Some supporting examples are provided.

27
 
to >
24.0
 pts
Fair
Explanation of how one would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into his/her role as a nurse leader is vague or incomplete. …Explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact local practice and the role as a nurse leader is vague or incomplete. …Explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens in one’s role as a nurse represents and contributes to social change, and/or supporting examples provided, are vague or incomplete.

24
 
to >
0
 pts
Poor
Explanation of how one would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into his/her role as a nurse leader is vague and incomplete or is missing. …Explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact local practice and the role as a nurse leader is vague and incomplete or is missing. …Explanation of how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens in one’s role as a nurse represents and contributes to social change, and/or supporting examples, is missing.

35
 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, low logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas.Sentences are carefully focused– neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria.

5
 
to >
4.0
 pts
Excellent
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. …A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria.

4
 
to >
3.0
 pts
Good
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.

3
 
to >
2.0
 pts
Fair
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%- 79% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.

2
 
to >
0
 pts
Poor
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is incomplete or missing. 5  pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation 5   to >
4.0
 pts
Excellent
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

4
 
to >
3.0
 pts
Good
Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

3
 
to >
2.0
 pts
Fair
Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

2
 
to >
0
 pts
Poor
Contains many (≥5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.

5
 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome
Written Expression and Formatting:The paper follows correct APA format for title page, font, spacing, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list).

5
 
to >
4.0
 pts
Excellent
Uses correct APA format with no errors.

4
 
to >
3.0
 pts
Good
Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors.

3
 
to >
2.0
 pts
Fair
Contains several (3-4) APA format errors.

2
 
to >
0
 pts
Poor
Contains many (≥5) APA format errors.

5
 pts

Total Points: 
100 Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement