Category: Nursing

Presidential Agendas Discussion 

Presidential Agendas

Population health emerges as an important practice towards better health outcomes and health status within populations. In most instances, the health care providers, including employers, insurers, and care providers, look at population health in relation to their specific patients’ needs. However, population health is a broad practice according to health reform and should include everyone by evaluating social determinants that affect health (New York State Department of Health, 2021). Political class is among the part of the actors that are actively involved in the population health especially when it comes to developing policies. In this response, the different presidents in the United States have had diverse opinions when it comes to population health reforms and responses. For instance, during the rise of pandemics in the United States presidents have shown different ways of responding to pandemics because pandemics are fast spreading and may wipe populations within days when not adequately managed (Kerr et al., 2021). In this response, there is a need to explore the presidential agendas in response to pandemics specifically during the reign of President Donald Trump and President Joe Biden.

President Trump and Biden are referred to as pandemic presidents due to their tenures in office during the rise of major pandemics, including Covid-19, H1N1, Ebola Outbreak, and Zika Virus. Among these pandemics, Covid-19 emerges as the biggest and the most widely spread across the United States. The rise of COVID-19 got President Trump off-guard and this led to America seeing huge losses in terms of lives where it accounted for over 21% of all global cases and 21% of all deaths came from the United States (Kerr et al., 2021). President Trump was not prepared for the pandemic and this is the reason the federal government left all the responsibilities to the states and the national government only served as a backup and offered supplies as a last resort. This demonstrated a lack of proper understanding of pandemics and guidelines by the national government hence leading to worse community spread. At first, Trump capitalized on closing the border between the United States and China, which came late, and community transmission was becoming immense. The travel restrictions and testing of the arriving passengers were not as effective since there was little information about the pandemic to public health and their capacities. It was unfortunate that the president downplayed the first incidences of COVID-19 cases in the country and moving forward gave contradicting information and unsupported reports about the control and the causes of the pandemic (Himmelstein, 2021).

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On the other hand, President Biden has been a critical part of population health since his time as the Vice president during Obama’s administration and as the current president of the United States. As a vice president, he spearheaded the management of H1N1 in 2009, the Ebola outbreak in 2014, and the Zika virus in 2016 (Schiff, 2023). The Obama administration was effective in coming up with a ‘Global health security agenda’ that aimed to protect the world from being destroyed by infectious diseases. Biden has put across several measures that will help respond to pandemics like COVID-19 moving forward including having an effective national emergency response made of frontline workers for saving lives and reducing spread. He also believes in coming up with decisive economic measures to support the worst-hit families and businesses. Biden believes that the federal government must be on the frontline in offering solutions to Coviod-19 including better vaccine research and development and ethical task force that works to eliminate racial disparities in times of pandemics (Himmelstein, 2021).

Conclusion

The presidential agendas are an important part of population health advancement and this helps in policy development. Through the time of pandemics, presidential agendas are crucial in helping reduce the spread and mortalities. The coming of Covid-19 reflected the major failures of President Trump in making vital decisions and his inconsistencies led to huge spread and loss of lives. However, the reign of President Biden has worked to restore sanity in the response to pandemics by developing practical solutions that will be used in responding to COVID-19 and other future pandemics.

References

Himmelstein, D. U., & Woolhandler, S. (2021). Recovering from Trump: Biden’s first 100 days. 
Lancet (London, England)
, 
397
(10287), 1787–1791. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00979-X

Kerr, J., Panagopoulos, C., & van der Linden, S. (2021). Political polarization on COVID-19 pandemic response in the United States. 
Personality and individual differences
, 
179
, 110892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110892

New York State Department of Health. (2021). Making New York the healthiest state: Achieving the triple aim. Retrieved June 21, 2021 from https://www.health.ny.gov/events/population_health_summit/docs/what_is_population_health.pdf

Schiff, E., & Mallinson, D. J. (2023). Trumping the Centers for Disease Control: A Case Comparison of the CDC’s Response to COVID-19, H1N1, and Ebola. 
Administration & Society
, 
55
(1), 158–183. 
https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997221112308

 

Presidential Agendas Discussion

Initial Post

Healthcare reform has been a major political topic over the past two decades. Policies have been debated on and implemented over the past ten to fifteen years that has changed the way healthcare works in America.

George W. Bush

George W. Bush stated in his state of the union address, that he proposed an agenda to make health care more affordable, transparent, portable, and efficient. In 2003, President Bush signed a bill into law that started the healthcare savings account. He also implemented policies changes that helped pave the way to bring more generic medication to pharmacies to lower the cost of prescription drugs. In 2004, President Bush started the initiative that all medical records would be electronic and available to the American people over the next 10 years (
Reforming Health Care for the 21st Century
, 2006). There is a significant reduction in cost for the consumer when buying generic prescriptions. This plan signed by President Bush was a gamechanger for consumers, especially the “baby boomers” that have many prescription medications that they rely on for their healthcare. The consumer can take advantage of the tax-free healthcare savings account putting money aside for expected costs of healthcare each year.  This lowers the taxable income each year and essentially saves the consumers at tax time.  Electronic medical records streamline the process of access to your medical record so any healthcare facility can get your records quickly in the case of any emergency Presidential Agendas Discussion.

Barack Obama

 
President Obama is most known for the passage of the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare.  In this legislation, he started a National Health Insurance Exchange (NIE), savings for preventative coverage, prescription drug coverage savings for generic medications (Ventola, 2009).  The National Health Insurance Exchange offers private insurance options for those that are not offered insurance by their employers, those who are self-contractors, and those whose employers offer insurance that is too costly. These plans have specific tiers of coverage ranging from low-cost premium to low deductibles. The plan for Obama to lower cost of prescription drugs were to make it legal to have them imported from other countries at a discounted cost to the consumers Presidential Agendas Discussion.
 

Donald J. Trump

President Trump on day one of his term started trying to dismantle Obamacare. One of the changes he made was to get rid of the individual mandate for coverage. Another change was the federal government stopped paying the cost sharing reduction subsidies. He also expanded access to short term plans (Simmons-Duffin, 2019). The individual mandate was a penalty for those who did not have insurance and did not apply on the national insurance database.  The whole reasoning behind Affordable Healthcare Act was to ensure that most Americans had an opportunity to have health coverage which would lower the cost of healthcare because Americans could become healthier by having some health coverage. By taking away this mandate, there would be no penalty enforced to those who did not sign up for healthcare. Cost sharing subsidies were a way to keep insurance cost down by the government payments sent to the insurers to stay in the national database. Apparently, President Trump decided he did not want the government to pay this any longer, so they stopped paying. “What ended up happening is, insurers, by and large, addressed this by increasing the price of the silver plan on the health insurance exchanges.” (Simmons-Duffin, 2019) Presidential Agendas Discussion.

What Would I do Differently?

I would fist start by not entirely changing the healthcare system, like President Obama did. The ideas he had, some of them were good, but this type of healthcare system does not work in a democracy that is America. The point of a reduced option for healthcare is a great idea for those that are unemployed and self-contractors that can not afford the cost on their own.  I would have, instead of making a penalty for those that did not sign up for healthcare, make a tax break for those that did sign up. I would also not limit this tax break to income limitations.  The problem with Obamacare is that a family of 4 may not pay a high premium, but the deductible is high. I would change the plans in the national database to preventative care only plans. This would cover any primary care visits, preventative care, wellness visits, lab work, and so on.  There would be a copay, but everything would be 100% covered after your copay.

References:

Reforming Health Care for the 21st Century
. (2006, February 15). Https://Georgewbush-Whitehouse.Archives.Gov/. 
https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/stateoftheunion/2006/healthcare/#:%7E:text=In%20his%20State%20of%20the,world%20in%20cutting%20edge%20medicine
.

 

Ventola C. L. (2009). President Obama’s health care reform policies: Issues of interest to P&T committees. 
P & T: a peer-reviewed journal for formulary management
, 
34
(6), 296–308 Presidential Agendas Discussion.

Simmons-Duffin, S. (2019, October 14). 
Trumps Five Big Changes to Obamacare: Shots
. WWW.NPR.ORG. 
https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/10/14/768731628/trump-is-trying-hard-to-thwart-obamacare-hows-that-going

Discussion: Presidential Agendas

Regardless of political affiliation, every citizen has a stake in healthcare policy decisions. Hence, it is little wonder why healthcare items become such high-profile components of presidential agendas. It is also little wonder why they become such hotly debated agenda items.

Consider a topic that rises to the presidential level. How did each of the presidents (Trump, Obama, and Bush) handle the problem? What would you do differently?

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on the importance of agenda setting.

Consider how federal agendas promote healthcare issues and how these healthcare issues become agenda priorities.

By Day 3 of Week 1

Post
 your response to the discussion question: Consider a topic that rises to the presidential level. How did each of the presidents (Trump, Obama, and Bush) handle the problem? What would you do differently?

By Day 6 of Week 1

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues
* on two different days
by expanding on their response and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an example Presidential Agendas Discussion.

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Topic that Rises to the Presidential Level

Health care policies and plans have been an important issue and topic that our presidents have had to discuss during and prior to elections, this is primarily due to the size of the health care system in America, and how it budgets a large sector in our economy (Lambrew, 2018). That being said, Americans are monitoring every move of our presidential candidates with their health care policies, because the American voting citizens can affect the election outcomes regarding how our presidential candidates discuss health care plans (Lambrew, 2018). Although, our recent presidents; George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump have been modifying ideas and making improvements in our health care system to benefit the needs of American citizens, we have been struggling with this reform since the 1940’s according to Milstead and Short (2019).

Former President George W Bush, Republican party, had a similar style as to the now former President Donald Trump regarding health care priorities. The Bush administration put their focus on private plans, primarily in Medicare. The idea of this is great because you participate more in your health care and be treated ‘fairly’ for your prices (premiums, deductibles, etc.) since it would be based off your annual income (Reinhardt, 2006), but there are several pitfalls that come along with this idea. Such as some of the financial burdens, which would greatly impact those individuals with co-morbidities that are causing them to be chronically ill. Although, former president Bush did recommend and encourage individuals to enroll into Health Savings Account (HSA) which is tax deductible and in theory should decrease some of the financial burden on some individuals’/families (Reinhardt, 2006).

After an eight-year term from Republican George W. Bush, Former Democratic President Barack Obama was elected, and his administration had a different approach with our health care policy. During his eight-year term he was able to make several changes such as making health care available for everyone even if there were pre-existing health conditions and attempt to lower costs for all. For in the past, insurance companies had the opportunity to deny individuals/families for pre-existing conditions (Lambrew, 2018). This is how the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was created and implemented. Although, many great movements occurred within this program, one of the biggest downfalls was that individuals that declined this or still could not afford this, would be taxed on their yearly taxes because they did not participate in this program. Basically, a loophole to have all Americans have health care to bring money into our economy, but also receive money from those who do not participate in the ACA, making it an equal playing field on participating within our growing economy Presidential Agendas Discussion.

Lastly, our most recent former Republican President, Donald Trump, sought very similar ideas as George W. Bush as I previously mentioned. Near the beginning of his term the Trump foundation eliminated the mandate that required individuals under the ACA have health coverage, meaning individuals will not be taxed additional if they do not have health care coverage. Trumps ultimate goal was to repeal the ACA completely, but approximately halfway through his four-year term had been engulfed with the current pandemic and was trying to maintain calmness while our health care facilities where becoming overwhelmed and millions of Americans were having astronomically high medical bills due to COVID-19 (Melillo, 2020). While dealing with the pandemic he continued to work on similar items are George W. Bush, such as “expand access to health care, lower Americans health coverage costs, negotiate lower prescription drug prices… Medicaid expansion (Melillo, 2020, para. 9).”

All three of our former presidents had great intentions to reform our health care system and I agree that our system does need to be reformed. My belief is health care should be readily available for everyone (previously chronic/acute health issues), rates that are reasonable (monthly premium and affordable deductibles), education to the general public for what they are being charged for with a standard price across all health care facilities, and to look at the foundation of the use of ICD10 codes. The fact that one ICD10 code could cover the cost for a test that is required, but a different ICD10 will charge the patient and their insurance more, does not make sense. I do not have all the answers on the ‘best’ way to reform our health care system or even that bad ways, but I know we have to learn from the plans that did pan as anticipated and to consider what is happening in the current day within the health care society. As I mentioned we have been struggling with this issue since the 1940’s with our health care system and I am sure we will continue to until we can figure out what works best for the largest number of Americans (Milstead & Short, 2019) Presidential Agendas Discussion.

References

Lambrew, J. M. (2018, June). 
Getting ready for health reform 2020: What past Presidential campaigns can teach us
 (Rep.). Retrieved March 1, 2021, from The Commonwealth Fund website: https://www.commonwealthfund.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/Lambrew_getting_ready_hlt_reform_2020_presidential_0.pdf

Melillo, G. (2020, June 25). Trump administration, republican attorneys general ask supreme court to repeal ACA. 
The American Journal of Managed Care.
                              https://www.ajmc.com/view/republican-attorneys-general-file-briefs-to-repeal-aca

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). 
Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide
 (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). 
Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide
 (6th ed., pp 11-13). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Reinhardt U. (2006). President Bush’s proposals for healthcare reform. 
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
, 
332
(7537), 314–315.                                                               https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7537.314 Presidential Agendas Discussion

Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion

Initial Discussion Post

This week, we will evaluate how former presidential administrations handled health care and how federal agendas promote healthcare. Healthcare issues are one of the biggest problems in elections. Some believe in universal healthcare, and some think universal healthcare would result in sub-standard healthcare. Whichever side you are on, we can not deny that health care prices and availability need to be improved. Healthcare funding often depends on the political party that is in control of the executive and legislative branches Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

The implementation of healthcare coverage has taken on many forms throughout the history of the United States. Until the turn of the century, most healthcare was the states’ responsibility ( Gluck & Huberfield, 2018). The state’s healthcare funding was often not enough to provide healthcare, so the federal government began programs to help cover the elderly and poor. President Johnson created Medicare and Medicaid to ensure healthcare for the elderly and poor ( Gluck & Huberfield, 2018). Medicare and Medicaid are still funding healthcare and have been modified several times to include more people. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was the most recent federal government attempt to provide broader healthcare access.

President George W. Bush helped lay the groundwork for future healthcare reform laws. President Bush was the first president to focus on the electronic health record and Health Saving Accounts (HSA) (Bush, 2004). Before 2001, there were very few systems in place to create and maintain patient charts electronically.  Electronic health records have helped with patient safety and quality of care because providers can access prior medical information like allergies and diseases. President Bush passed laws to reduce prescription drug prices, which helped relieve some of the financial burdens on the elderly and poor (Bush, 2014). Overall, President Bush created an environment of future healthcare reform Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

President Barrack Obama came into office with the hope of reforming healthcare. President Obama, with the help of congress, passed the  Patient Protection

and Affordable Care Act (ACA).  The ACA expanded Medicaid coverage and created insurance exchanges that offered lower-priced insurance options. The ACA did not see its full potential because some states refused to implement the changes (Oberlanger, 2012). The federal government had to step in to provide insurance options in states that did not participate. The ACA was the most extensive health care reform since the creation of Medicare and Medicaid. The federal government’s involvement in providing healthcare to its citizens is criticized as being socialistic. The United States current healthcare is currently the most expensive globally and does not offer universal healthcare.

President Donald Trump promised to repeal the ACA in his campaign. President Trump offered to replace the ACA with a better plan. The planned replacement for the ACA never materialized. One of the problems in repealing the ACA is that public opinion was split between the government offering healthcare and private insurance coverage (Keckley, 2017).  President Trump tried many avenues to repeal the ACA. His administration has attempted to undermine the ACA by limiting funding and participation (Jones et al., 2018). President Trump successfully streamlined vaccine approvals for COVID-19. The vaccine approval usually would have taken years to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Overall, President Trump’s healthcare policies centered on repealing the ACA, but he never offered a viable replacement plan. One of his only successes in healthcare was streamlining the COVID-19 vaccine Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

Universal healthcare is a significant debate. The opinion often depends on political affiliations. I feel like healthcare should be a right instead of a privilege. Many countries have implemented universal healthcare and spend much less than the United States. The argument is that with universal health coverage, you will have low healthcare quality. The reforms and policies to date have attempted to provide access to health for more Americans. If I were to offer more access to Americans, I would try to personalize the uninsured struggle.

Bush, G.W. (2004). Ensuring access to health care: The Bush plan. 
JAMA, 
292(16), 2010-2011. 
https://doi:10.1001/jama.292.16.2010

Gluck, A.R., & Huberfield, N. (2018). What is federalism in healthcare for?. 
Stanford Law Review, 
70(6), 1689–1803. 
https://www-proquest-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/docview/2064333592?accountid=14872

Jones, D.K., Gusmano, M.K., Nadash, P., & Miller, E.A. (2018). Undermining the ACA through the executive branch and federalism: what the Trump administration’s approach to health reform means for older Americans. 
Journal of Aging & Social Policy
, 30(3-4), 282-299. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1462684

Keckley, P.H. (2017). What’s ahead on healthcare? The new administration favors a state-run, market-driven approach to crafting policy. 
Healthcare Executive, 
32(2), 66-69. https://eds-b-ebscohost-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=5&sid=f1330a19-ae27-4bd5-adbe-c82d59cf5815%40sessionmgr101 Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion

Oberlander, J. (2012). Unfinished journey-a century of health care reform in the United States. 
The New England Journal of Medicine, 
367(7), 585-590. https://doi:10.1056/NEJMp1202111

Discussion: Presidential Agendas

Regardless of political affiliation, every citizen has a stake in healthcare policy decisions. Hence, it is little wonder why healthcare items become such high-profile components of presidential agendas. It is also little wonder why they become such hotly debated agenda items.

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Consider a topic that rises to the presidential level. How did each of the presidents (Trump, Obama, and Bush) handle the problem? What would you do differently?

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on the importance of agenda setting.

Consider how federal agendas promote healthcare issues and how these healthcare issues become agenda priorities.

By Day 3 of Week 1

Post
 your response to the discussion question: Consider a topic that rises to the presidential level. How did each of the presidents (Trump, Obama, and Bush) handle the problem? What would you do differently?

By Day 6 of Week 1

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues
* on two different days
 by expanding on their response and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an examplePresidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

sample post 2

Healthcare Reform

I chose overall Healthcare Reform as my topic that rises to the presidential level. It’s been a significant issue, often being a cornerstone of presidential campaigns in recent years. The United States spent nearly 18% of the GDP on healthcare, more than any other country (Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2020).

Trump

            
As the White House pages have been deleted, it has been challenging to find information sources on Trump’s Healthcare plan. While the Trump Administration claimed to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act, they seemingly only seemed to weaken the ACA throughout the administration. In 2017, Republicans in House and Senate voted in a year-end tax cut that reduced the penalty for failing to have health insurance (one of the underlying tenets of the ACA) to zero.

In October of 2020, Trump announced his “America First Healthcare Vision”. This entailed protecting patients with pre-existing conditions and protecting healthcare consumers from “surprise billing” – an effort to have more transparency in hospital costs and reduce the occurrence of unforeseen hospital bills (Brownstein et al., (2020). It also expanded access to “Association Health Plans”, which small businesses could utilize to have access to health insurance savings typically associated with large group medical coverage seen in larger companies previously.

Obama

            
Obama enacted the Affordable Care Act in 2010. This provided avenues for more people to gain health insurance, utilizing subsidies for people with household incomes between 100% and 400% of the poverty level (Healthcare.gov, n.d.). The plan had a focus on individual market coverage, providing subsidies for these plans. He also expanded Medicaid to cover all adults below 138% of the poverty level. Over 20 million Americans gained health insurance from 2010-2018 under this plan (CDC, 2018).

Bush

            
George W. Bush enacted several specific policy changes rather than one comprehensive healthcare reform, aiming to continue privatized insurance policies but adding options to have more people covered. These included Medicare reforms, including a prescription drug policy which provided more access to better prescription drugs (the Heritage Foundation, 2004). Bush also created Health Savings Accounts; a tax-free savings account for health expenses Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion. He also increased funding for medical research. The president expanded flexibility for states to cover more people under Medicaid and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (S-CHIP).

Conclusion

I don’t pretend to have a complete understanding of this complex issue. However, I think the success of other countries in implementing centralized, socialized healthcare plans for universal healthcare cannot be ignored. It seems America is spending more on healthcare with the same or even worse results than other first-world countries. Healthcare costs are crippling here. I have been fortunate in not having any major health issues thus far, but even the minor issues I have had have been enormous financial burdens. Taking away the concern over expensive healthcare scenarios would have an immediate positive effect on the overall morale of the entire population.

At the same time, I realize the importance of figuring out policies that gear a population towards more preventative, primary care solutions rather than medical interventions once a health issue is out of hand. The mentality of many in the US needs to change – and the realization that preventative steps can prevent significant health issues down the road; but this begins with people being able to afford basic primary care to nip health issues in the bud before they potentially require expensive solutions like inpatient stays. I also would like to see some of the efforts to provide incentives for good health, like workplace checkups with bonuses for making improvements to health – such as quitting smoking, improving Body Mass Index, etc Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

References

Center for Disease Control, (2018). National Center for Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey Early Release Program. Health Insurance Coverage: Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, January-June, 2018. 
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/insur201811.pdf

Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, (2020). National Health Expenditure Data – Historical. 
https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NationalHealthAccountsHistorical#:~:text=U.S.%20health%20care%20spending%20grew,spending%20accounted%20for%2017.7%20percent
.

Healthcare.gov, (n.d.). Affordable Care Act (ACA). 
https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/affordable-care-act/

The Heritage Foundation, (2004). An Examination of the Bush Healthcare Agenda. 
https://www.heritage.org/health-care-reform/report/examination-the-bush-health-care-agenda

Brownstein, Hyatt, Farber, and Schrek, (2020). Overview of the Trump Administration’s America First Healthcare Vision’. 
https://www.bhfs.com/insights/alerts-articles/2020/overvi

sample response

I agree with your statement that healthcare insurance is a complex topic that is hard to grasp a broad understanding of. Our country working towards preventative care versus secondary and tertiary care would drastically decrease the amount of spending on the federal level. “Policymakers and the general public also have little knowledge of the efficacy of primary care, its impact on individual and population health, and its role in today’s healthcare delivery” (Shi, 2012). As registered nurses working towards furthering our education; I agree it is vital for us to be the voice of change to help recognize the importance of primary preventative care Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion.

I think your idea of incorporating more workplace health incentives is great. Most Americans spend a majority of their time at their workplace, often without other daily activities. “Therefore, programs aimed at the workplace have the potential to reach a large segment of the population who might not be exposed to other health promotion initiatives” (Pescud, Teal, Shilton, et. al., 2015). Incorporating incentives for a healthier lifestyle into other mandatory daily activities is a great way for populations to be reached and preventative care to be addressed.

References

L. Shi. (2012, December 31). The impact of primary care: a focused review. National Institute of Health. Retrieved March 4, 2021 from 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820521/

M. Pescud, R.Teal, T. Shilton, et. al. (2015, July 11). Employers’ views on the promotion of workplace health and wellbeing: a qualitative study. National Institute of Health. Retrieved March 4, 2021 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4499225/ Presidential Agendas -NURS 6050 week 1 Discussion

NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief

Access to Mental Healthcare

Walden University
 
 

Introduction

Public policies structured and passed by governmental units play a significant role in the public’s access to healthcare and clinical professionals and practitioners’ relative delivery. Health policies that the U.S. government has approved must be carried out to establish effective healthcare services and regulations that benefit the country’s citizens. The U.S. healthcare system heavily relies on nurses’ service as they have adept skills in communication, biomedical science, education, psychology, and direct patient care (Milstead & Short, 2019). Thus, nursing is a critical stage in carrying out health and social policies for the public’s benefit. One of the country’s healthcare system’s significant concerns is delivering adequate and accessible mental healthcare services NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief. According to Russell (2010), one in four Americans aged 18 and above have a mental illness or diagnosable mental disorder. This rate tallies to around 26% of Americans who are diagnosed within a given year. The prevalence of such mental illnesses calls for more health policies to address the public health issue and provide adequate care to those with such illnesses.

The purpose of this paper is to underscore the significance of health policies relating to mental healthcare and dissection of possible mental healthcare agendas that can help provide effective nursing care. Tangent to this, the paper compares the mental healthcare policies that were addressed over three presidential terms. This paper also intends to discuss and compare the agendas, and budget allocation accomplished by former U.S. Presidents Trump, Obama, and Bush and establish which policies were most effective under the three political reigns. From this information, the paper gathers an in-depth analysis of mental healthcare and nurses’ role in helping political bodies provide the most effective healthcare services and agendas NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

Agenda Comparison Grid

Identify the Population Health concern you selected.

 

Access to Mental Healthcare

Describe the Population Health concern you selected and the factors that contribute to it.

The need for healthcare accessibility is a necessity for any given population. Thus, the government’s policies should cover the support for all individuals who require medical attention and treatment. That said, the recipients of healthcare should include individuals who suffer from mental illnesses. According to Russell (2010), 44 million adults and 13.7 million children suffer from mental health disorders each year, caused by psychological, physiological, and social factors. Individuals who suffer from these disorders have a higher risk of committing suicide by up to 80 to 90 percent. Russell (2010) further stressed that healthcare systems must provide equal and quality services for these individuals, similar to general medical healthcare provisions.

Administration (President Name)

President Trump

President Obama

President Bush

Describe the administrative agenda focus related to this issue for the current and two previous presidents.

Upon the republican party representative President Trump’s election, the administration stressed the reformation or entire replacement of ACA, which was passed in the former term by former democrat President Obama (Milstead & Short, 2019). Contrary to this, the recent COVID-19 pandemic and its effects drove the administration to sign Executive Order 13594, Saving Lives Through Increased Support for Mental and Behavioral Health Needs, to ameliorate mental healthcare services in the country (SAMHSA, 2020). Consequently, the Department of Health and Human Services (2021) revealed the fiscal year 2021 budget to increase for SAMHSA to address substance abuse illnesses and mental health issues.

In comparison with two other terms, the Obama administration’s agenda was to provide adequate mental healthcare in parity with the general medical care through health insurance NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief. In President Obama’s term from 2009 to 2017, he promoted his goal to provide healthcare access for all citizens. Thus, his main objective was to mandate the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act or otherwise known as Obamacare and ACA (Milstead & Short, 2019), which was ordered to regulate health insurance provisions.

President Bush’s main agenda towards mental healthcare was the establishment of the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, with which he signed an Executive Order to discuss the parameters and responsibilities of the commission (Hogan, 2003). After passing the Executive Order and pushing the commission’s agenda, former President Bush was commended by mental health associations and organizations for its initiative. While the initiative to bring mental healthcare to the youth and break the stigma surrounding the relative mental health conditions began as a notable goal for the commission, the agenda was surrounded by the debate on the addition of promotional, supposedly ineffective, and expensive medication.

Identify the allocations of financial and other resources that the current and two previous presidents dedicated to this issue.

Since the Trump administration aimed to reduce the expansion of ACA due to the spike in taxes for middle-class earners, the budget proposal made last 2020 revealed a significant decline in the budget for mental healthcare, as discussed by Canady (2019). The report revealed a 1.5 trillion-dollar budget cut for Medicaid alone and 845 billion dollars for Medicare. Canady (2019) further discussed these concerns as National Alliance on Mental Illness grew concerned over the number of insurance beneficiaries who will lose their coverage due to limited budget allocation NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief. However, the latest fiscal year report of 2021 shows that the administration provides 5.7 billion dollars to SAMHSA to cover substance abuse control, mental health services and prevention, and mental health needs for students (Department of Health and Human Services, 2021). Other budget allocations were provided to cover the support for mental health accessibility.

As the Obama administration was focused on providing medical health insurance for all, the Medicare and Medicaid budget in 2015 increased by up to 3.2 trillion dollars or around 9,990 dollars per person or beneficiary, which also covers those who receive health insurance for mental illness (Milstead & Short, 2019). According to the study conducted by Frank, Beronio, and Glied (2014), this agenda made for the enhancement of Medicare and Medicaid significantly increased resources needed to provide enough mental health and substance use care for the majority of the population. However, Milstead and Short (2019) discussed the cons of such an agenda, not only for mental healthcare but for the general provisions of ACA. Concerns were raised concerning insurance funding by former premium holders and its effects on the raised collection of taxes. This debate became the primary hurdle for financing the agenda and encouraging its objective.

Apart from developing the New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, the Bush administration also passed SAMHSA in 2000 to enhance the care given for mental health patients. According to Sundararaman (2009), the National Health Expenditure Account (NHEA) reported an expenditure of 142 billion dollars in 2005 to deliver mental healthcare. However, the report shows that health insurance coverage was lesser among the patients with mental health conditions, which is in large disparity with the insurance coverage received by general medical patients. Although, it is essential to note that the administration increased the budget allocation for mental healthcare services by over 20 billion dollars from 1996 to 2006, which covered training of mental health professionals, primary and specialty care in community mental health institutions, facilities, equipment, education, medication, and treatment (Russell, 2010).

Explain how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue.

The current administration dedicated much of the budget for Medicare and Medicaid to be reduced, affecting the insurance holders that were initially supported during the previous administration. Although the repeal or reformation of Obamacare and ACA was to correct the gaps and missteps in the executive order, the Trump administration continuously made significant budget cuts and limitations to the accessibility of health insurance (Milstead & Short, 2019). These were made to address concerns by middle-wage earners who were subject to higher tax fees due to higher funding for health insurance. Concerning the recently passed executive order, the agenda covers services to care for the accessibility of prevention and treatment services for individuals with mental health and substance abuse concerns within community-based institutions and school settings (SAMHSA, 2020).

In line with the efforts for making health insurance more accessible, President Obama passed the Mental Health Parity and Addictions Equity Act (MHPEA) in 2010 to provide mental health services at par with other healthcare services for almost 103 million individuals of the population (Executive Office of the President, 2016). The motion by this administration effectively made insurance accessible to those who were formerly non-holders of health insurance. Along with providing these individuals with healthcare, medication, premiums, and insurance coverage, the ACA, in partnership with MCPHEA, extended its service to provide the same benefits for insurance holders diagnosed with mental illness and substance use disorders.

The commission’s agenda was to pursue mental health promotion among the youth in school settings to provide them healthcare services that are inaccessible to them (Mills et al., 2006). The commission intended to provide easier access to mental health services such as screening, suicide prevention, proper medication. The purpose of President Bush’s agenda was initially acclaimed as he appointed a whole commission to carry out the regulations and recommendations for mental healthcare. However, Bush received backlash for the commission after other researchers claimed that the agenda was used to promote ineffective and harmful pharmaceutical medications such as those pushed by the Texas medication algorithm project (TMAP) (Lenzer, 2004).

Agenda Comparison Analysis

After analyzing all three administrations, it was observed that the three presidents were able to pass agendas that were inclined towards providing mental healthcare services to address the rise in the prevalence of this health issue among the U.S. population. Although the initiative of former President Bush to carry out a governing commission to regulate the provision of mental healthcare services (Hogan, 2003), the target of the commission was less inclusive of the more significant population as it focused mainly on treatment through pharmaceutical medication (Mills et al., 2006) NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

The best possible administrative agency most likely to address the healthcare issue is the Obama administration basing on the number of ameliorated mental health cases alone. According to the Executive Office of the President (2016), mental healthcare services became more accessible to the population, rounding up to about 15 million people more because of the ACA. The budget allocated for promoting low-cost, accessible health insurance through the ACA and the MHPEA allowed an estimated 62 million people for mental healthcare (Frank, Beronio, & Glied, 2014). However, it is essential to note that there were several gaps in delivering mental healthcare insurance as many individuals suffered from the consequences of higher tax payments and mandated insurance.

The issues raised during the Trump administration concerning the need for a reform of the ACA were relevant to addressing these concerns. However, drastic changes were made by the Trump administration, which caused a significant decline in the budget for mental healthcare (Milstead & Short, 2019) and an overall decreased accessibility ruling out the initial objectives of ACA NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

Overall, the Obama administration was closer to providing mental healthcare and thus is the most likely responsible for carrying out services for the issue. However, the Trump administration’s points must be addressed to devise budget solutions that anticipate budgeting concerns and alleviate the probability of higher tax collection. Taken from the agenda of President Bush (Hogan, 2003), the best possible sponsor for the success of tackling mental healthcare issues is a governing commission that can integrate the help of mental health organizations and institutions in devising the provisions and regulations for the benefit of the patients and beneficiaries without monetizing any service or support.
 

Narrative

Healthcare policies legislated by the government have significant impacts on citizens’ individual lives, especially those having limited access to proper healthcare. One of the country’s recent health issues today is the prevalence of mental health illness and inadequate support and healthcare service. Earlier data from 2010 showed about 40 million adults suffering from mental health disorders (Russel, 2010) NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief. Last 2019, the rate was observed to increase as the National Institute of Mental Health reports that almost one out five adults in the U.S. have a mental illness, which correlates to about 51.5 million adults in the population (NIMH, 2019). This data alone suggests the need for more support, medication, treatment, and other health services to alleviate the prevalence of such conditions. Providing a specific agenda for advancing mental healthcare can steadily provide millions from the population with adequate mental healthcare to improve the mental health state of these patients and decrease the increasing rate of suicide.

Mental healthcare requires the skills and expertise of mental health professionals trained to provide care and treatment for their patients. Among these professionals are nurses who directly contact these patients and have professional communication, education, medical training, psychology, and patient care (Milstead & Short, 2019). Because of this, nurses play a critical role in carrying out policies that can discuss regulations, provisions, and enhancements tailored to patient needs. According to Mrayyan and Huber (2003), nurses are actively committed to ensuring their patients’ health, which is supported by the statement of the president of the American Nurses Association, saying that “nurses are the quality and safety monitors.” Since nurses carry the responsibility of improving patient outcomes, they can directly observe which policies pose optimal care delivery effectiveness NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief. Through this observation, Ellenbecker and Edward (2016) suggest that nurses conduct research that can present evidence for policy-makers to be well-informed and knowledgeable about patient conditions.

Conclusion

Legislators hold a critical responsibility to deliver policies and agendas that can benefit the entire population. Policies made for healthcare have a significant role for the country as citizens push the need for accessible medical service (Milstead & Short, 2019). The effects of proper healthcare predetermine the effectiveness of serving citizens of the country. The government must adhere to policies and agendas that can deliver optimal healthcare for patients without compromising the country’s socioeconomic aspects. In line with this, mental health is one of the public and global health issues that require further analysis and support as it continues to increase in rate (Department of Health and Human Services, 2021). Mandating medical and mental healthcare policies requires the help of legislators and the aid of medical health professionals, especially nurses, who have firsthand knowledge of the needs of patients. Through this inclusive, multidisciplinary approach in policy-making, the government can improve solutions and responses to citizens’ needs for medication, treatment, support, education, and care NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

References

Canady, V. A. (2019). Proposed FY 2020 budget reveals critical cuts in MH supports.
Mental Health Weekly
,
29
(11), 4–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.31819

Department of Health and Human Services. (2021). FY 2021 President’s Budget for HHS.

Ellenbecker, C. H., & Edward, J. (2016). Conducting Nursing Research to Advance and Inform Health Policy.
Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice
,
17
(4), 208–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527154417700634

Executive Office of the President. (2016). The Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Parity Task Force.

Frank, R. G., Beronio, K., & Glied, S. A. (2014). Behavioral Health Parity and the Affordable Care Act.
Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation
,
13
(1-2), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/1536710x.2013.870512

Hogan, M. F. (2003). The President’s New Freedom Commission: Recommendations to Transform Mental Health Care in America.
Psychiatric Services
.

Lenzer, J. (2004). Bush plans to screen whole US population for mental illness.
BMJ
,
328
(7454). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1458

Lenzer, J. (2005). Bush unveils mental health action plan.
BMJ
,
331
(7517). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7517.592-a

Mills, C., Stephan, S. H., Moore, E., Weist, M. D., Daly, B. P., & Edwards, M. (2006). The President’s New Freedom Commission: Capitalizing on Opportunities to Advance School-Based Mental Health Services.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
,
9
(3-4), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-006-0003-3

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019).
Health policy and politics: a nurse’s guide
. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Mrayyan, M. T., & Huber, D. L. (2003). The Nurse’s role in Changing health policy related to patient safety.
JONA’s Healthcare Law, Ethics, and Regulation
,
5
(1), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1097/00128488-200303000-00006NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief

NIMH. (2019). Mental Illness.
National Institute of Mental Health
.

Russell, L. (2010). Mental Health Care Services in Primary Care: Tackling the Issues in the Context of Health Care Reform.
Center for American Progress
.

SAMHSA. (2020). Executive Order Saving Lives Through Increased Support for Mental and Behavioral Health Needs.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
.

Sundararaman, R. (2009). The U.S. Mental Health Delivery System Infrastructure: A Primer.
Congressional Research Service
.

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Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief

It may seem to you that healthcare has been a national topic of debate among political leaders for as long as you can remember.

Healthcare has been a policy item and a topic of debate not only in recent times but as far back as the administration of the second U.S. president, John Adams. In 1798, Adams signed legislation requiring that 20 cents per month of a sailor’s paycheck be set aside for covering their medical bills. This represented the first major piece of U.S. healthcare legislation, and the topic of healthcare has been woven into presidential agendas and political debate ever since.

As a healthcare professional, you may be called upon to provide expertise, guidance and/or opinions on healthcare matters as they are debated for inclusion into new policy. You may also be involved in planning new organizational policy and responses to changes in legislation. For all of these reasons you should be prepared to speak to national healthcare issues making the news.

In this Assignment, you will analyze recent presidential healthcare agendas. You also will prepare a fact sheet to communicate the importance of a healthcare issue and the impact on this issue of recent or proposed policy NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

To Prepare:

Review the agenda priorities of the 
current/sitting U.S. president and the two previous presidential administrations.

Select an issue related to healthcare that was addressed by each of the last three U.S. presidential administrations.

Reflect on the focus of their respective agendas, including the allocation of financial resources for addressing the healthcare issue you selected.

Consider how you would communicate the importance of a healthcare issue to a legislator/policymaker or a member of their staff for inclusion on an agenda.

The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid, 1-Page Analysis, and 1-page narrative) with a title page, an introduction, purpose statement, and a conclusion. This is an APA paper.

Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid

Use the Agenda Comparison Grid Template found in the Learning Resources and complete the Part 1:
Agenda Comparison Grid based on the current/sitting U.S. president and the two previous presidential administrations
and their agendas related to the public health concern you selected. Be sure to address the following:

Identify and provide a brief description of the population health concern you selected and the factors that contribute to it.

Describe the administrative agenda focus related to the issue you selected NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

Identify the allocations of financial and other resources that the current and two previous presidents dedicated to this issue.

Explain how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue.

At least 3 resources must be used

Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis

Using the information you recorded in Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid on the template, complete the Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis portion of the template, by addressing the following:

Which administrative agency would most likely be responsible for helping you address the healthcare issue you selected?

How do you think your selected healthcare issue might get on the agenda for the current and two previous presidents? How does it stay there?

Who would you choose to be the entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue you selected for the current and two previous presidents?

Part 3: Narrative

Using the information recorded on the template in Parts 1 and 2, develop a 1-page narrative that you could use to communicate with a policymaker/legislator or a member of their staff for this healthcare issue. Be sure to address the following:

Summarize why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation.

Justify the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues.

The response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 2-3 course specific resources that fully supports the summary provided NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

 

NURS_6050_Module01_Week02_Assignment_Rubric

Grid View

List View

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid-

-Identify a population health concern

-Describe the Population Health concern you selected and the factors that contribute to it.

5 
(5%)
 – 5 
(5%)

The response clearly and accurately identifies and describes a population health concern.

4 
(4%)
 – 4 
(4%)

The response vaguely identifies and describes a population health concern.

3.5 
(3.5%)
 – 3.5 
(3.5%)

The response inaccurately identifies and describes a population health concern.

0 
(0%)
 – 3 
(3%)

Identification and description of a population health concern is missing or incomplete.

Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid-

– Describe the administrative agenda focus related to this issue for the current and two previous presidents.

– Identify the allocations of financial and other resources that the current and two previous presidents dedicated to this issue.

– Explain how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue.

18 
(18%)
 – 20 
(20%)

The response clearly and accurately describes the presidential administrations’ focus related to the concern, the financial and resource allocation dedicated to the concern, and explains how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue. At least 3 resources are used.

16 
(16%)
 – 17 
(17%)

The response vaguely describes the presidential administrations’ focus related to the concern, the financial and resource allocation dedicated to the concern, and explains how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue. Only 2 resources are used.

14 
(14%)
 – 15 
(15%)

The response inaccurately describes the presidential administrations’ focus related to the concern, the financial and resource allocation dedicated to the concern, and how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue. Only 1 resource is used.

0 
(0%)
 – 13 
(13%)

The description of the presidential administrations’ focus related to the concern, financial and resource allocation dedicated to the concern, and explanation for how each of the presidential administrations approached the issue is missing. No resources are used.

Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis- Address the following:

-Which administrative agency would most likely be responsible for helping you address the healthcare issue you selected?

-How do you think your selected healthcare issue might get on the agenda? How does it stay there?

-Who would you choose to be the entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue you selected for the current and two previous presidents?

23 
(23%)
 – 25 
(25%)

-The response clearly and accurately identifies an administrative agency most likely to be responsible for addressing the selected healthcare issue.

-Response clearly and accurately explains how the healthcare issue gets on the agenda and remains there.

– The response clearly and accurately identifies the entrepreneur/champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue selected.

20 
(20%)
 – 22 
(22%)

-The response vaguely identifies an administrative agency which may be responsible for addressing the selected healthcare issue.

-Response adequately explains how the healthcare issue gets on the agenda and remains there.

-Identification of the entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue selected is vague NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

18 
(18%)
 – 19 
(19%)

-Identification of an administrative agency responsible for addressing the selected health care issue is inaccurate.

-Explanation of how the healthcare issue gets on the agenda and remains there is vague or inaccurate.

-Identification of the entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue selected is inaccurate or does not align with the healthcare issue.

0 
(0%)
 – 17 
(17%)

-Identification of an administrative agency responsible for addressing the selected healthcare issue is missing.

-Explanation of how the healthcare issue gets on the agenda and remains there is vague and inaccurate or is missing.

-Identification of the entrepreneur/ champion/sponsor of the healthcare issue selected is vague and inaccurate or is missing.

Narrative:

Based on your Agenda Comparison Grid for the healthcare issue you selected, develop a 1-2-page narrative that you could use to communicate with a policy-maker/legislator or a member of their staff for this healthcare issue.

-Summarize why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation.

 

-Justify the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues

32 
(32%)
 – 35 
(35%)

Creates a well-developed, accurate, and narrative.

The response provides a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources reviewed on why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation. The response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 2-3 course specific resources that fully supports the summary provided.

Responses accurately and thoroughly justify in detail the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues.

28 
(28%)
 – 31 
(31%)

Creates an accurate and thorough narrative.

The response provides an accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource reviewed on why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation. The response integrates at least 1 outside resource and 2-3 course specific resources that may support the summary provided.Responses accurately justify the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

25 
(25%)
 – 27 
(27%)

Creates a narrative that is partially accurate or incomplete.

The response provides a vague or inaccurate summary of outside resources reviewed on why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation. The response minimally integrates resources that may support the summary provided.The responses partially justifies the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues.

0 
(0%)
 – 24 
(24%)

The response provides a vague and inaccurate summary of no outside resources reviewed on why this healthcare issue is important and should be included in the agenda for legislation, or is missing. The response fails to integrate any resources to support the summary provided.

Responses justifying the role of the nurse in agenda setting for healthcare issues is inaccurate and incomplete or is missing.

Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief.

5 
(5%)
 – 5 
(5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria.

4 
(4%)
 – 4 
(4%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.

3.5 
(3.5%)
 – 3.5 
(3.5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%- 79% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.

0 
(0%)
 – 3 
(3%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion was provided. Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation 5  (5%)  – 5  (5%) Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. 4  (4%)  – 4  (4%) Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 3.5  (3.5%)  – 3.5  (3.5%) Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. 0  (0%)  – 3  (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding. Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5  (5%)  – 5  (5%) Uses correct APA format with no errors. 4  (4%)  – 4  (4%) Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors. 3.5  (3.5%)  – 3.5  (3.5%) Contains several (3-4) APA format errors. 0  (0%)  – 3  (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. Total Points: 100 Name: NURS_6050_Module01_Week02_Assignment_Rubric NURS 6050 Week 2 Assignment Assignment: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet or Talking Points Brief

Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis

Week 4 | Part 4:
Research Analysis

I have identified one topic of interest for further study. I have researched and identified one peer-reviewed research article focused on this topic and have analyzed this article.  The results of these efforts are shared below.

Directions: Complete Step 1 by using the table and subsequent space below identify and analyze the research article you have selected. Complete Step 2 by summarizing in 2-3 paragraphs the results of your analysis using the space identified.

 
Wound care remains an important means of ensuring that physical injury does not result in medical problems arising from the infection of such wounds. The science of wound care is well defined; however, there are still possible niches in wound care that continue to benefit from the continuous exchange of information that characterizes scholarship. Lynn Welsh (year), for instance, reviews recent evidence, education, and knowledge of wound care among nurses.  The semi-systematic literature review sought to acquire an ethnographic understanding of how nurses are using evidence-based practice methods in wound care (Chapman, 2009). The emerging understanding is that evidence-based nursing practice consistently pursues optimal outcomes in wound care compared to ritualistic practice, even when the latter emerges from a structured educational background at both pre- and post-registration levels Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis.
 

Step 1: Research Analysis

Complete the table below

Topic of Interest:

Wound Care

 

Research Article:

Include full citation in APA format, as well as link or search details (such as DOI)

Dreifke, M., Jayasuriya, A., & Jayasuriya, A. (2015). Current wound healing procedures and potential care. 
Materials Science And Engineering: C
, 
48
, 651-662.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.068

Professional Practice Use:

One or more professional practice uses of the theories/concepts presented in the article

The article has exploited the aim of the health care concept to the core. Fundamentally, the aim of health care revolves around the need to help all persons to various objectives such as the deterrence of untimely death and incapacity, personal growth and development, and the maintenance and enhancement of quality life. The article has sought to enlighten its readers on the contemporary healing procedures and possible care that they can embrace whenever they are hurt. This way, they will not lose any blood that might make them die prematurely. The healing procedures will also enable the article’s readers to avoid contracting new infections on the wounds that they will be having.

Research Analysis Matrix

Add more rows if necessary

Strengths of the Research

Limitations of the Research

Relevancy to Topic of Interest

Notes

The research has provided a comprehensive outlook of the article. Thanks to the research, the readers will be able to understand what will be expected of them if they have wounds. For instance, I have known that the modern-day standard of care for enduring injuries includes swabbing for infection, washing, and dressing the wound. As a result, if I get a wound, I will easily treat it.

 

The research article has made a minimal effort to depict the disadvantages of the failure to follow the current day wound healing procedures, and potential care is concerned Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis. I find it to be of no essence for the author to emphasize making the readers of the article know what is expected of them when they are wounded without informing them of the adverse impacts that are likely to be upon them if they fail to do as outlined.

The research that is provided in the article is highly relevant to the topic of interest, ‘wound care.’ Once individuals have fully ready and internalized the information in the scholarly article, they will be in the position to care for the wounds that might either befall them or their friends. Thus, the research is relevant to the topic of interest.

 

Wound care is quite significant.

The benefits of the practice are so many; hence, all persons need to be aware of its set-down procedure.

 

 

one-paragraph justification explaining whether or not you would recommend the use of this article to inform professional practice Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis.

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Step 2: Summary of Analysis

Craft a summary (2-3 paragraph) below that includes the following:

Describe your approach to identifying and analyzing peer-reviewed research

Identify at least two strategies that you would use that you found to be effective in finding peer-reviewed research

Identify at least one resource you intend to use in the future to find peer-reviewed research

 

I experienced no difficulties while searching for the article because it is in an electronically available and indexed repository. The benefit of having  open-source articles from peer-reviewed journals is that it improves the quality of information that is available to the public on a subject. The database is useful to nursing colleagues of all demographics. Subscription-based repositories are restrictive in the sense that professionals in impoverished surroundings are not able to access such information. The result is the unfortunate reliance on habits or outdated practice that does not acknowledge the annotation of current evidence  about wound care in patients.

The article shows that wound care practice could benefit from increased knowledge-sharing among nurses (Smith-Strøm et al., 2016). Therefore, the issue of continuous professional development for nurses in this context should not only exist for the purposes of certification, but also for benevolence in patient care Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis.

Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis

Architect Daniel Libeskind is credited with saying “To provide meaningful architecture is not to parody history, but to articulate it.” The suggestion is that his work does not copy the efforts of others but relies on it.

Understanding the work of others is critically important to new work. Contributions to the nursing body of knowledge can happen when you are able to analyze and articulate the efforts of previous research. Research analysis skills are therefore critical tools for your toolbox.

In this Assignment, you will locate relevant existing research. You also will analyze this research using a tool helpful for analysis.

To Prepare:

Reflect on the strategies presented in the Resources this Module’s Learning Resources in support of locating and analyzing research.

Use the Walden Library to identify and read one peer-reviewed research article focused on a topic in your specialty field that interests you.

Review the article you selected and reflect on the professional practice use of theories/concepts described by the article.

The Assignment:

Using the “Module 4 | Part 4” section of your 
Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Template
 presented in the Resources, conduct an analysis of the elements of the research article you identified. Be sure to include the following:

Your topic of interest.

A correctly formatted APA citation of the article you selected, along with link or search details.

Identify a professional practice use of the theories/concepts presented in the article.

Analysis of the article using the “Research Analysis Matrix” section of the template

Write a 1-paragraph justification stating whether you would recommend this article to inform professional practice.

Write a 2- to 3-paragraph summary that you will add to your Academic Success and Professional Development Plan that includes the following:

Describe your approach to identifying and analyzing peer-reviewed research.

Identify at least two strategies that you would use that you found to be effective in finding peer-reviewed research.

Identify at least one resource you intend to use in the future to find peer-reviewed research.

Note:
 Add your work for this Assignment to the original document you began in the Module 1 Assignment, which was built from the Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Template.

By Day 7 of Week 7

Submit
 your analysis, including your completed section of the 
Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Template
sections and your matrix and summary Assignment: Academic Success and Professional Development Plan Part 4: Research Analysis.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

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NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline

I am going to respond to this discussion by stressing the importance of asking questions. I wanted to see what was out there concerning asking questions. Shiver (2015) explains her take on asking questions as:

One of the most important things that I’ve learned in graduate school is how to ask for help when I need it. Knowing when and how to ask for help can make navigating this unknown terrain much easier and save you time by avoiding the mistakes (or experiments) that others have made. This skill cannot be underrated, as you will encounter the unknown regularly in your studies as a graduate student NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

The trick is knowing when, and how, to ask for help. The point of graduate school is for students to become independent scholars of their chosen disciplines who can ask and answer their own questions.

When starting out it’s quickly apparent that graduate school is different from undergrad. It can be difficult to know what is expected of you in terms of being instructed on what to do versus independently figuring out what to do. This is a huge change from undergrad, where a lack of knowledge was assumed and professors were there to show you what and when things needed to be completed. Now, there are still professors to ask for assistance, but by and large graduate students are expected to take the lead in their training and reach out for what they need.

Here are some tips for asking questions in order to improve learning:

General Strategies for Asking Questions

When planning questions, keep in mind your course goals.
For example, do you want students to master core concepts? To develop their critical thinking skills? The questions you ask should help them practice these skills, as well as communicate the facts, ideas, and ways of thinking that are important to their learning in your course. For more information about course goals NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

Aim for direct, specific questions. 
During class discussions, rather than beginning with a single question that is multilayered and complex, use a sequence of questions to build depth and complexity. Essay questions on exams or paper assignments, on the other hand, often provide an appropriate opportunity to ask multi-layered questions. If your course goals include preparing students to answer multi-layered questions, use questions during class time to walk students through the process.

Ask questions throughout your class and ask only one question at a time.
 When you ask more than one question, students often do not respond because they are unsure which question you want them to answer. In course planning, include notes about when you will pause to ask and answer questions. Asking questions throughout the class will not only make it more interactive but will also help you measure and improve student learning. Do not wait until the last two minutes of class to ask for questions. Students are unlikely to ask questions when they know that only a few minutes remain.

Ask open-ended questions.
 Open-ended questions work best for engaging students in discussion, as they offer the opportunity for debate. Avoid asking leading questions, those that prompt or suggest the answer, and yes/no questions. If a yes/no question is warranted, be ready with a follow up question to encourage students to critically evaluate the material and engage in discussion.

Use Bloom’s Taxonomy to be sure you are addressing various types of cognitive processes in your questions.
Bloom’s Taxonomy provides a useful way to think about kinds of cognitive processes that students use to engage with knowledge. Bloom’s Taxonomy can be used in all stages of course planning. The previous table shows six types of cognitive processes ordered according to the level of complexity involved. Ideally, you should combine questions that require “foundational thinking” to assess students’ knowledge and comprehension with questions that require “complex processing” to assess students’ abilities to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

Refine and reflect on questions after class.
 After teaching a class session, teaching a help session, collecting an assignment, or administering an exam, take brief notes on which questions were the most effective at achieving the goals you had set and which questions led to answers that you did not expect. Keep these notes with your lecture notes or lesson plans and use them to refine your questions for the next time you will teach or meet with students.

Reference

Shiver, K. (2015, November 3). The importance of asking for help
. Inside Higher Ed: gradhacker.
 https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/gradhacker/importance-asking-help

The Teaching Center. (2019). Asking questions to improve learning. https://teachingcenter.wustl.edu/resources/teaching-methods/participation/asking-questions-to-improve-learning/

Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions

In Module 1, you began building a foundation for your success by considering a network-individuals and teams who can help you to clarify and execute on the vision. A network is most helpful when you are comfortable asking questions. Chances are other members of your network have experienced similar questions and may have helped guide others toward resolutions that can now be helpful.

In this Discussion, focus on the questions you are ready to ask as your journey begins. Keep in mind that sharing questions is often a great way to help others who have similar questions even if they do not realize it!

To prepare:

Reflect on questions or concerns you might have as you begin the MSN program.

Consider the individuals, teams, and departments you previously considered in Module 1 as well as how they may provide support with addressing these questions and concerns.

By Day 3 of Week 2

Post
 any questions or concerns that you are willing to share with the group. The Discussion board represents an opportunity to network with your course colleagues, and others may have the same questions or concerns.

By Day 6 of Week 2

Respond
 to at least 
two
of your colleagues’ posts by offering a possible resolution to their questions/concerns with supporting documentation, if possible, or expanding on their thinking and providing an example as support NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

 

NURS_6003_Module02_Week02_Discussion_Rubric

Grid View

List View

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

Main Posting

45 
(45%)
 – 50 
(50%)

Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.

Supported by at least three current, credible sources.

Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.

40 
(40%)
 – 44 
(44%)

Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth.

Supported by at least three credible sources.

Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.

35 
(35%)
 – 39 
(39%)

Responds to some of the discussion question(s).

One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed.

Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.

Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

Post is cited with two credible sources.

Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors.

Contains some APA formatting errors.

0 
(0%)
 – 34 
(34%)

Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately.

Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria.

Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.

Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

Contains only one or no credible sources.

Not written clearly or concisely.

Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors.

Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.

Main Post: Timeliness

10 
(10%)
 – 10 
(10%)

Posts main post by day 3.

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

Does not post by day 3.

First Response

17 
(17%)
 – 18 
(18%)

Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

15 
(15%)
 – 16 
(16%)

Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

13 
(13%)
 – 14 
(14%)

Response is on topic and may have some depth.

Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.

Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.

0 
(0%)
 – 12 
(12%)

Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.

Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are missing.

No credible sources are cited.

Second Response

16 
(16%)
 – 17 
(17%)

Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

14 
(14%)
 – 15 
(15%)

Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

12 
(12%)
 – 13 
(13%)

Response is on topic and may have some depth.

Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.

Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.

0 
(0%)
 – 11 
(11%)

Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.

Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are missing.

No credible sources are cited.

Participation

5 
(5%)
 – 5 
(5%)

Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

0 
(0%)
 – 0 
(0%)

Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days.

Total Points: 100

Name: NURS_6003_Module02_Week02_Discussion_Rubric

 

 

sample post

Post any questions or concerns that you are willing to share with the group. The Discussion board represents an opportunity to network with your course colleagues, and others may have the same questions or concerns.

 

One of the biggest concerns I have, is time management.  Dr. Phyllis Morgan, a Walden Core Faculty, states in this weeks second video, “time management is a key strategy.  You have to be able to balance your schoolwork, your professional life, along with your personal life” (Strategies and Resources for Success, 2018).   I am still working full time and have a wife and daughter at home whom I owe time as well.  I knew this was a big concern coming in, so I have set up a daily planer, with specific times to study and specific times when I need to step away and enjoy some quality time with the family.  Knowing things will come up, and the schedule will need to change is also important.  Being flexible and able to adapt to minor changes or larger challenges will also we important to my success NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline. 

The second, and final concern I wanted to share, was the concern am I ready for this next step in my nursing career.  Having only been a nurse for two years, I wondered if I had learned enough to become a Nurse Practitioner.  It was an impossible question to answer on my own.  I took some time and reached out to fellow nurses, a previous instructor, my nursing school capstone mentor, and two Nurse Practitioners with whom I work.  The resounding answer I received is that they believed in me and they felt if I was considering this step, then it was time to move forward.  Perhaps the most reaffirming statement I received was from my nursing school capstone mentor, who told me he knew after my capstone that I would not be a nurse for long, meaning he believed I would take this step sooner than later.  These statements were just the positive affirmation I needed to apply.    

I have had a lot of questions, in just these short eight days of school.  Most of them, with some research I have been able to answer.  However, the most important question I have deals with finances.

How does repaying federal student loans work?

I have never had to use any federal student loans, due to having the GI Bill.  It is a great advantage, but it is running low, and I only have it for about eight months of this program.  I will be using a program through my work and federal student loans for the remainder of the program.  I looked online but am totally confused with paying them off.  For example, are they paid monthly, and it so how much?  How long do you have to repay them?  There are so money things with this program that confuse me.  I almost just applied for a personal loan, just to avoid the entire problem.  I know the financial people at Walden are here to answer those questions, but maybe I can receive some simpler ideas from my peers. 

The second question I have pertains to continued registration of classes. 

How do we register for our second semester of classes? 

These classes were taken care of by my student advisor.  I am not sure if they would continue to register us for classes, off our requirements, or is it something we need to do.  I was planning on emailing my student advisor about halfway through this course, to find an answer.    

These were the two main questions I had, coming into this week.  I am sure, with our group, I will get some great answers.  I am looking forward to your assistance and feedback this week.

Respectfully,

Reference:

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for

     Success
 [Video file]. Balitmore, MD: Author.

 

 

sample response

It sounds like you have a lot to manage in regards to work, school, and family. I am lucky that I do not have children yet. I knew if I had children, I would never find the strength to put myself through school while being a parent, so I applaud you and your dedication. I would not be able to do what you are doing. I considered doing this program part-time, which I believe is three years to complete. However, I decided to hit the books hard and proceed with a full-time commitment. I have heard that a planner helps plan out daily activities with time management. I use a planner to write down many things, and I find that this helps me stay on track with daily activities and academics. I write almost everything that “needs to be done” in my planner. Planning out activities to manage time can help decrease stress and anxiety and increase productivity (Sainz et al., 2019) NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

Student loans can be stressful! I would recommend that you speak to a financial advisor. If you take out a federal loan, you have to do some interactive online activities before the loan is disbursed to your school. These are called “Entrance Counseling” and “Master Promissory Note.” In the entrance counseling, they discuss repayment thoroughly. As an undergrad, I took out private loans because dealing with “FAFSA” intimidated me, and I did not understand much of the terminology used. At this point, I wish I would have just done federal student loans because I now have a higher interest rate since I went with a private loan company. I have heard that federal student loan rates are higher now and that private student loan rates are more competitive with the federal rate. When you take out a federal student loan, you have the option to select your repayment plan. Interest will start accruing when the loan is disbursed, but payment will not be due until six months after graduation. Some borrowers elect to pay off interest monthly while in school to save money in the long run (Hoyt, 2020, p. 74).

 

Hoyt, A. A. (2020). The top five mistakes of federal student loan borrowers. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 74(6), 73–80.

Sainz, M.A., Ferrero, A. M. & Arantza Ugidos. (2019). Time management: skills to learn and put into practice. Education + Training, 61(5), 635–648. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1108/ET-01-2018-0027

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sample response 2

Time management is a skill and necessary for nursing school success (Mohamadkhani Ghiasvand et al., 2017). I think it is one of those things that has to be personalized to fit an individual’s unique lifestyle and usually requires the sacrifice of something personal, for something professional. Many studies have shown the difficulty associated with demanding family roles being integrated with professional careers and higher education (Majomi et al., 2003). I too have always continued to work full-time while attending school and I am also a single parent of two children. The sacrifice I chose was to work graveyard, where I can work and do schoolwork at the same time, allowing me to spend time with my children during the day NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

References

Majomi, P., Brown, B., & Crawford, P. (2003). Sacrificing the personal to the professional: community mental health nurses. 
Journal of Advanced Nursing
, 
42
(5), 527–538. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02652.x

Mohamadkhani Ghiasvand, A., Naderi, M., Zagheri Tafreshi, M., Ahmadi, F., & Hosseini, M. (2017). Relationship between time management skills and anxiety and academic motivation of nursing students in Tehran. 
Electronic Physician
, 
9
(1), 3678–3684. https://doi.org/10.19082/3678

sample response 3

Time management seems to be immensely popular in this week’s discussion post. Without the proper Time management skills, online schooling can be both challenging and overwhelming. I like Dr. Redden’s response to you regarding completing the discussions ahead of time to have ample time to complete assignments. My personal experience is, when I wait to compose my discussions close to the due date, I get very anxious, which affects my thinking skills. Strategies to be successful are organizing time set aside to adequately do the reading and assignment, to participate in the discussions ( Laureate 2018) NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

I am not too familiar with a student loan, as for me, I have been working overtime to pay some of my classes out of pocket. I plan to minimize the student loans by the time I graduate from school. Eventually, my schedule will not allow me to work overtime. My co-workers mentioned the federal credit union offered much lower interest. Average interest rates on federal student loans range from 
2.75% to 5.30%
. (Gravier, 2021). Average interest rates on private student loans are generally higher but can range from 
3.34% to 12.99% fixed
 and 
1.04% to 11.98% variable
. (Gravier, 2021). I know finances can be another burden that you do not need right now.

Reference

Gravier, E. (2021, March 10). 
Here’s the average interest rate on private and federal student loans-plus what to look out for
. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/select/average-interest-rate-on-private-and-federal-student-loans/.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for Success [Video file]. 
Baltimore, MD: Author NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

sample response 4

I enjoy reading your posts. I also have a family with children, work, and school to juggle. We have five children, but we’re fortunate that four of them are beginning their adult lives away from home. We just have a 12-year-old still living at home. My wife is also working on her Master’s in Social Work. We believe what we’re doing sets an example for our children to maintain a habit of lifelong learning. Three of our other children are in college and live near. We all work together to assist each other.
 

Time management is something we all struggle with. We are all nurses, and time management is something we constantly improve upon. I have found a few things that work for me. I carry a small notepad with me at all times. I use a scheduling app that works across many platforms and syncs all of my work and personal calendars together. This app (Any.Do) also allows me to set tasks and prioritize them. According to Indeed, Prioritizing Tasks (n.d), one should determine the urgency of each task, who is most affected, prioritize, and set deadlines. Setting aside time to complete assignments is essential to success (Laureate 2018). I have a Blackboard app on every device I use. I’ll read assignments at lunch, in between work tasks, and even in more private areas. I’ll have my phone read and write (using voice-to-text in Google Docs) assignments when I’m driving. There are a lot of ways to combine time to create efficiency, but we will still have to set some dedicated time for proofreading and editing NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.
 

Good luck and I wish you all the best in your journey.

William Jud Humphries

 

Reference

Prioritizing Tasks: a How-To Guide for Business Operators. (n.d.). Indeed.Com. Retrieved March 12, 2021, from 
https://www.indeed.com/hire/c/info/prioritizing-tasks?aceid=&gclid=Cj0KCQiAv6yCBhCLARIsABqJTjYtPkhTJEwEOtcf3oOr4ay0GCVM3vtJa3w1eaqQuHc6yRuZ1lCkb5caAqqGEALw_wcB

 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for Success [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author NURS 6003 week 2 Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions guideline.

Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example

The reflections and pondering on numerous questions and concerns as the journey of MSN program at Walden University begins gears one’s academic and professional growth toward not only a positive ending for the student but also for the positive well-being of the patients, families, and the health care requirements of our society at the moment as well as for the future (Laureate Education, 2018).

The questions one is ready to ask as the journey of the MSN program in Walden University begins may address academic resources and strategies. Some of these questions may include: Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example

How to approach the course works.

Where are these resources available for the course works

How to have access to these available resources.

How to utilize these available resources.

In order to successfully execute the utilization of the available resources it is deemed a good idea for the student to cultivate excellent strategies, acquire useful tools and materials directed toward making the student’s visions, missions, goals, and dreams become a reality. Some useful strategies may include:

What are the student’s weaknesses and strengths: The question here is to devise ways to improve on the areas of weaknesses. Turn these weaknesses into strengths. As well as ensure that the strengths the student have been strengthened (Online Colleges, 2018).

What are the student’s goals: In order to achieve academic goals in life, the student needs to think about time allocation to study time, home works, discussions, assignments, projects and meeting up with academic requirements to foster success (Online Colleges, 2018).

What makes or accounts for the student’s academic fulfillment: The idea of fulfillment for any student equates to success.  Most times goal achievements resonate with the student motivation for academic, professional, and personal endeavors.  A healthy mind is a wealthy student. The positive engagement of the student mind, hard work, and time on academic accomplishments guarantees the pathway to academic and professional success (Online Colleges, 2018).

What constitutes a student persistence, resilience and determination pathway to success: Life is an array of ups and downs, positives, and negatives Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.  The ability to withstand and  overcome the negatives and be strongly positive for the sake of academic, professional and personal fulfillment, the student may have to incorporate into the success pathway the following- plan A, plan B, plan C, plan D, plan, etc. The student must have to learn to have the zeal and quest for enduring success (Online Colleges, 2018).

How to achieve a balance in life between pursuing academic progress and de-stressing: The student learns how to achieve mind, body, and soul healing. In other words, the idea of quality rest maybe include adequate sleep, enjoying family quality time, and quality pleasurable leisure time (Online Colleges, 2018) Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.

In conclusion, when the student turns weaknesses into strengths and strengths, strengthened the possibility of academic, professional, and personal dreams may come true.  It is good to understand that an aspect part of academic success is the adequate allocation of time to academic workload.  The idea of academic, professional, and personal fulfillment is beneficial to the definition of the meaning and purpose of life. Students, patients, families, and society are defined by the resilience of their mind-set, the willpower to attempt to move in the positive direction of the path of success. The quality of sleep, quality family time and quality pleasurable leisure correlates to paying good attention to details on completing studies, projects, and assignments (Laureate Education, 2018).

The individuals, teams, and departments previously considered in Module 1 as well as how they may provide support with addressing these questions and concerns include:

The Enrollment Specialist: Has been my backbone from the first day I enrolled in Walden University. The enrollment specialist ensured proper enrollment and admission process, proper student orientation, updates, guides, response to e-mails, answers my dump questions gently. The cornerstone of the student expertise academically, professionally, and personal achievement (Laureate Education, 2018).

The instructors: Always available to lay down foundations of academic and professional growth.  The cornerstone of the student academic, professional, and personal expertise   (Laureate Education, 2018) Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.

The almighty writing Center: The cornerstone of the studentship (Walden University Writing Center (n.d.). 2018).

Colleagues: The solidarity of the student’s career (Laureate Education, 2018).

 Walden University College of Nursing: The foundation of nursing academic, professional and personal excellence (American Nurses Association, 2018).

References

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
Your Toolbox for Success [Video file].
 Baltimore, MD: Author.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for Success [Video file]. 
Baltimore, MD: Author.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
Tips for effective online composition and communication [Video file]. 
Baltimore, MD: Author.

American Nurses Association. (2018, November 14). (n.d.). 
Resources to succeed.
 Retrieved November 14, 2018, from 
https://www.nursingworld.org/resources/

Kauffman, H. (2015). 
A review of predictive factors of student success in and satisfaction with online learning. 
Research in Learning Technology, 23, 1–13. Retrieved from 
https://journal.alt.ac.uk/index.php/rlt/article/view/1648/pdf_13

Online Colleges. (2018, November 14). (n.d.). 
10 traits of a successful online learner.
 Retrieved November 14, 2018, from 
https://www.onlinecollege.org/2011/07/14/10-traits-of-a-successful-online-learner/

Walden University Writing Center. (2018, November 14). (n.d.). 
Scholarly voice: Active and passive voice Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.
 Retrieved November 14, 2018, from 
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/scholarlyvoice/activepassive

sample response

I totally agree with you time management is a struggle for most of the students especially with full time job. However, going through the discussion posts gave me the strength that we can do it especially if someone else did it. also reading through the 10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner, provide me with more strength to stay motivated and adapt for the new time set with school, work, and life so I can get a balance. An independent approach to learning, self-direction in getting started in each course, and staying on schedule with assignments will be helpful as you begin your online experience (Online Colleges, 2018).

Also, adhering to specific due dates for activities and assignments will force you to manage your time wisely. From my previous experience with Walden online study they have a lot of resources that can assist you with all of your assignments and projects you will have through out the MSN journey.

Regards,

References

Online Colleges. (2018, November 14). (n.d.). 10 traits of a successful online learner. Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://www.onlinecollege.org/2011/07/14/10-traits-of-a-successful-online-learner/

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
Tips for effective online composition and communication [Video file].
Baltimore, MD: Author Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.

sample discussion post

Week 2 Discussion-Questions

I have asked myself multiple times since the start of my journey with Walden if this is the right time for me to pursue my MSN-FNP degree. Nursing school was challenging, but back then, I had the privilege of not working full time, and my husband and I did not have any kids at the time. Now, being a mom to two little ones under three, working full time (Monday-Friday), and trying to balance family and work life with the addition to school, it has been quite an adjustment. Finding the time to do school work after work every evening after the kids are put to bed or on the weekends during regular family time days has been challenging.  I have questioned my decision to go back to school every day since the start of the course, but my personal goal has made me stay focused to accomplish this degree and succeed in the program. As stated in the second video of this week’s module, “If you are successful academically that will lead to professional success, and your professional success will guide your academic venture” (
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing
, 2018)

A few questions I have attending school at Walden are Time Management, Clinical Preceptorships, and Passing the Boards.  I know that Time Management is a huge part of success attending any university. As stated in the second video, “Time management is a key strategy; you have to be able to balance your schoolwork, your personal life, along with your professional life”(
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing
, 2018).  However, I want to know about online universities: ‘What are some of the best time management tips and strategies for online students to ensure success?’ Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example

Another concern of mine while attending Walden is during the latter portion of the program; the clinical setting field experience. Walden has been very transparent about being the student’s responsibility to find preceptor sites.  It is encouraged to “take the initiative to search for answers through all the services available from the program” (
10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
, 2021, 6 section). As adult learners, we are encouraged to be self-efficient and “self-regulated” and expected that “students take control of their learning, developing appropriate strategies such as planning, staying organized and motivated” (Kauffman, n.d./2015, p. 7). However, my question is: ‘Will we be given resources and orientation as to how to go about this process?’ and  ‘Will there be an orientation on how to use and implement Meditrek during our clinical rotations?’

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 Lastly, my final question involves passing the state boards. While in Nursing school, we were given opportunities and tools every semester to prepare for the NCLEX, including practice questions.  ‘Will we have a similar type of support or preparation at Walden to prepare for state boards?’. As the course progresses and as I am transitioning back into student mode, I hope that I have become more comfortable with online learning. I know that there will be hiccups along the way, but I feel very confident with the resources, support of the staff and classmates at Walden that I will have a great learning experience.

References

 
10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner. (2021). Online College.org. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from 
https://www.onlinecollege.org/2011/07/14/10-traits-of-a-successful-online-learner/
.

Kauffman, H. (2015). A review of predictive factors of student success in and satisfaction with online learning. 
Research in Learning Technology
, 
23
, 7. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from 
https://doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v23.26507
 (Reprinted from)

The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for Success [Video]. (2018). Laureate Education. 
https://class.content.laureate.net/4e404b6cab951d050b8862042b2d3a49.html

sample response

I do feel your struggle. I must admit that having full-time employment, young children under the age of three, is demanding. The time management thing took me years to perfect, and it is only because of floor nursing that I have accomplished this feat. Developing a routine was my first step. NCBI (2018), in an article, agreed that forming a routine varies from person to person and could take a while, not requiring conscious effort or thought (Arlinghaus & Johnston, 2018). These are some other things that worked for me. I have a top five Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example. I have some suggestions I could make if you do not mind:

Develop a routine: Helps to promote organization.

Make a daily to-do list: checking off your list makes you feel good; accomplishments look good at the end of the day; at the end of the day, create your new to-do list for the next day.

Prioritize: Helps to organize your tasks

Stay focused: Deal with distractions one at a time. Turn off phones when possible. The ones you cannot change; do not dwell; try to delegate

*Do not procrastinate: only causes higher stress level and is non-productive

I learned about the effects of procrastination the hard way; it is not an ingredient in my cup of soup anymore. I read a peer-reviewed article in the NCBI (2018) that “procrastination is a form of self-regulation failure that is characterized by the needless delay of things one intends to do despite the expectation of negative consequences (Steel, 
2007
; cf. Klingsieck, 
2013
)”. It further states that we as students on a majority, practice procrastination, consider ourselves procrastinators, and one out of five adults is chronically affected (Steel, 2007).

I think you are an ambitious, intelligent young lady with success in her future. I hope I did not offend you in any way. I have been around for quite a while, and I hear most of you are mentioning time management and thought I might share what helped me. And one last thing I would add is to take small breaks; make date times with the husband, it is essential. Dates could be quick at-home meals when kids are napping. Get creative. These things will help you not to feel so guilty about not having the time. I will also leave you with do not become too frustrated if things do not go as planned. These suggestions are not full proof but they helped me to survive. Sounds simple, right? But seriously, it takes a lot of practice, and if you are spiritual much prayer Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.

References

Arlinghaus, K. R., & Johnston, C. A. (2018). The Importance of Creating Habits and

Routine. 
American journal of lifestyle medicine
, 
13
(2), 142–144. 
https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827618818044
 Retrieved from 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6378489/

 

Prem R, Scheel TE, Weigelt O, Hoffmann K, Korunka C. Procrastination in Daily Working Life:

A Diary Study on Within-Person Processes That Link Work Characteristics to Workplace Procrastination. 
Front Psychol
. 2018; 9:1087. Published 2018 Jul 5. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01087 Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6042014/ Discussion: Strategies for Addressing Questions example.

Strategies for Addressing Questions sample essay

Some people say it takes a village to raise a child, well I feel the same way about education. In order to be successful, the student must devote unlimited time to the school curriculum. One must be able to make sacrifices, become an expert on time management skills, and prioritizing between writing your discussion post versus attending a family gathering. It is especially important to reach out to fellow nurses who have gained experience through the program. Throughout this journey, there are some individuals and teams with experts who will lend a hand in making our dreams into reality. Time management has always been my challenge, even though I am currently taking my seventh class with Walden. It is still a struggle to navigate between schoolwork, working full time/ five nights a week, and maintaining my personal responsibilities as a wife and mother Strategies for Addressing Questions sample essay. I must admit I’m getting much better; so far I have been able to maintain my GPA. According to 
Dr. Morgan, a Walden Core Faculty, “time management is a key strategy.  You have to be able to balance your schoolwork, your professional life, along with your personal life” (Laureate Education, 2018).

 

I can only imagine the curriculum becoming more challenging; I have always been big on PGA’s. I put the same expectations on my children. I am trying to lead by example, but I can feel my anxiety level rising as I navigate through the upcoming assignments/classes. My first question is.

What else can I do besides follow the steps on this week’s learning resources to maintain my grade point average?

Does any of the professors offer extra credits or extra support if needed?

What strategies that can help with writing block?

Do you recommend signing up with any organization for instance ANA or sigma National Society?

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I have met several APN who attended online programs and have completed them successfully. Online learning can lead to negative emotions including frustration especially if courses are poorly designed and/or students do not exhibit the skills needed to learn online ( Kauffman 2015).  However, I believe perfecting time management is one of the factors that will help me become successful in this journey Strategies for Addressing Questions sample essay.

References

 

Kauffman, H. (2015). 
A review of predictive factors of student success in and satisfaction with online learning. 
Research in Learning Technology, 23, 1–13. Retrieved from 
https://journal.alt.ac.uk/index.php/rlt/article/view/1648/pdf_13

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). 
The Walden Journey to a Masters in Nursing: Strategies and Resources for

     Success
[Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author Strategies for Addressing Questions sample essay.

Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example

I have many questions as I begin my journey of becoming a Family Nurse Practitioner. I feel like I have so many that sometimes they all just swarm around in my head.  My admissions counselor told me that I should begin looking for preceptors and preceptor sites in the first term of school. So one of my biggest questions is, “How do I start finding preceptors and preceptor sites?” A friend of mine graduated from the Acute Care NP program at Walden, and she said that finding preceptor sites proved to be the biggest challenge for her throughout the entire program. Nurse preceptors play a considerable role in developing any student, including both undergraduate and graduate-level nurses (Hugo & Botma, 2020). I feel lucky and had many good clinical instructors and preceptors in my undergrad, which may be why I have such a great appreciation for the nursing profession today. However, there is a significant shortage of nurse practitioners and primary care providers in the United States today. In 2012, it was estimated that the United States healthcare system would need 50,000 more primary care practitioners by 2025 to meet societal demands (Miner, 2019, p. 51). My admissions counselor told me that finding a preceptor will be a challenge because clinical hours are only available Monday through Friday, and I often work during the weekdays. The shortage of preceptors throughout the nation may cause an additional challenge. I could speak to my friend who graduated from Walden and ask what her recommendations are about finding preceptor sites. I could also talk to my academic advisor and ask how to begin this process. I am worried about this because I currently work inpatient, so I do not have many personal contacts in the clinic setting Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example.

Another general question I have is, “How should I prepare for boards?” I know the national average for passing is only 86%, and my admissions counselor told me that Walden sits right at that level. This is something that my co-workers could help me with, as I have several colleagues who are finishing FNP programs. I also work with many NPs who could advise me on this subject. I would like to find ways to study over the next two years to try and set myself up for success. Being successful will probably boil down to good time management once I have a plan in place of what I need to study. According to Hanshaw et al., (2019, p.14), students that graduated between 2008-2018 average over nine hours of phone use per day. While I know I do not use my phone this much, I  could cut back on how much I use my phone and other electronics to make more time for my studies.

 

Hanshaw, A., Mason, P. M., & Loh, C.-P. A. (2019). Time Usage by College Students: Knowledge Acquisition, Degree Value, Work, Sleep and Fun. Journal of Higher Education Theory & Practice, 19(5), 98–118. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.33423/jhetp.v19i5.2286

Hugo, L., & Botma, Y. (2020). The contribution of nursing preceptors to the future nursing workforce. African Journal of Health Professions Education, 12(3), 109–113. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.7196/AJHPE.2020.v12i3.1372

Miner, M. A. (2019). Physicians, Nurse Practitioners, and the Shortage in Primary Care Providers: Professional Autonomy in the Public Discourse. Sociological Imagination, 55(1), 51–67. Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example

samle response

COLLAPSE

      Hello Devon.  I think all of your questions regarding the FNP Program at Walden are great questions and very similar to mine. I am thinking about finding and researching clinical preceptor sites now, even though I have just started in the program. I also work during the week, specifically Monday-Friday, so I planned to find clinical sites that are possibly open on Saturdays. That may be wishful thinking, but I am hoping that I find that one clinic that has weekend hours.

Another suggestion, since you currently work during the week, would you be able to switch your workdays to weekend shifts? I work Monday-Friday, and I hope to perform an alternative schedule of four 10 hour shifts and have one day off during the week reserved for clinical rotations. Since you work inpatient and most weekdays, would you be able to work your three shifts at the beginning of the week and dedicate the last couple of days for clinical rotations? It seems as though this part of our MSN-FNP program will take a lot of planning, flexibility, and the “ability to adapt well to change” (
10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
, 2021, 3 section).

As for finding Nurse Practitioners who are willing to precept, you are all about professional networking. “Professional networking can help nurses achieve the fundamental knowledge required to take the next step” and “can develop relationships with individuals who work in their desired fields or roles with the intent of gaining knowledge” (Schmidt, 2020). A suggestion I would make, if you have not already done so, is to join a local Nurse Practitioner Association and network within that group. This way, you meet with local Nurse Practitioners to precept you in the future alternatively, know someone who is also willing to precept you.

I hope some of these suggestions help you find preceptorships or give ideas on what to do when looking for clinical sites. I know it will be a challenge to navigate when the time comes, but I hope that we both will be able to figure it out Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example.

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            Have you great rest of your week!

References

10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
. (2021). Online College.org. Retrieved March 10, 2021, from 
https://www.onlinecollege.org/2011/07/14/10-traits-of-a-successful-online-learner/

Schmidt, K. (2020). 
5 Reasons Nurses Should Engage in Professional Networking
. BluePipes. Retrieved March 6, 2021, from 

5 Reasons Nurses Should Engage in Professional Networking

 

sample post

Reflect on questions or concerns you might have as you begin the MSN Program

 
    
 
Matriculating into the MSN program was a critical decision-making moment for me. A decision still laden with apprehension and real concerns of attaining success given the demanding work/life schedule I currently have to juggle.
 

 
Additionally, online learning is an entirely new frontier that adds to the challenge mentioned above as I begin my journey into the MSN program.
 

 
With these concerns laid out, I take solace in the fact that minor hurdles like these can be overcome with a determined mind and humility. Asking for help early on as opposed to allowing problems to compound will be a major component of my success. This approach is underscored in the resource article 10 Traits of a successful online learner where confidence and humility is encouraged. The student learner is prompted to have no doubts in their decision on this path but to also reach out for help as needs arise.
 
(
10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
, 2011)

Also addressed in the 10 Traits of a successful online learner are a myriad of salient points but what stands out to me is emphasis on Self-direction and Self-efficiency in which prioritizing school and working to complete assignments on time or
 
 in advance will go a long way in garnering the student’s success.
 
(
10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
, 2011)

 
Reading these different guidelines and pointers alleviates my angst and helps me to course correct Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example . Heather Kauffman also sites studies of students achieving success with online learning by having a good grasp of EI- Emotional Intelligence- where controlling ones’ feelings or lack thereof impacts outcomes.
 
(Kauffman, 2015)

 
Studies of individuals with low Emotional Intelligence generally did not yield the desired outcomes, demonstrating that having a good grasp of self-control in any circumstance is as germane to achieving success of ones’ goals
 
 as rigorous studies and timely submission of course work.
 
(Kauffman, 2015)

 
My questions and concerns are not insurmountable and the fact that many have come through this prestigious University with similar concerns and have gone on to achieve their goals is testament that my concerns can be addressed by strengthen my resolve to achieve my goals as well.
 

 

Consider the Individuals, Teams and Departments you previously considered in Module 1 as well as how they may provide support with addressing the questions and concerns

 

 
Networking as explored in our previous assignment then becomes pivotal in navigating hurdles perceived and seen that obstruct my path to success, and identifying resources and individuals in place to facilitate my success is critical to the process. As mentioned in previous articles in networking, liaising with individuals who have gone through the process like Maria Ohiaeri, FNP, PMH-NP, from my professional Network, who specifically stresses time management; or my student advisor who stresses the importance of the use of a daily calendar, so that adhering to due dates come with ease of use, provides solutions that will help alleviate some of the load I currently juggle.
 

 
I will draw on the connections of Dr. Bobba and Dr. Farid Ghebleh in my professional network to help me connect with preceptors critical to fulfilling the clinical component of my program. More importantly, staying connected with my instructors give me first-hand knowledge of what their expectations are of the work assigned, and also how to effectively manage my time to get the work done.
 

 
In conclusion, using professional networking, I will strive to achieve knowledge needed in taking the next step in succeeding in my career.
 
(“5 Reasons Nurses Should Engage in Professional Networking,” n.d.)

I am not an Island and interactions with my Instructors, collogues, professional and academic network,
 
my goals are made more attainable Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example.
 

 
                                               
References:

5 Reasons Nurses Should Engage in Professional Networking. (n.d.).
 
BluePipes Blog
. Retrieved March 5, 2021, from https://blog.bluepipes.com/5-reasons-nurses-should-take-professional-networking-seriously/

10 Traits of a Successful Online Learner
. (2011, July 14). OnlineCollege.Org. https://www.onlinecollege.org/2011/07/14/10-traits-of-a-successful-online-learner/

Kauffman, H. (2015). A review of predictive factors of student success in and satisfaction with online learning.
 
Research in Learning Technology
,
 
23
. https://doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v23.26507 Strategies for Addressing Questions discussion example