Category: Nursing

NUR-514 organizational leadership and informatics

Topic 1: Health Care Systems, Organizational Relationships, And Interprofessional Health Care Environments

Objectives:

Discuss the evolution of the U.S. health care system its impact on nursing and the delivery of care.

Explain how interprofessional relationships increase collaboration and improve patient outcomes.

Examine how leaders benefit from applying systems thinking.

NUR-514 organizational leadership and informatics Topic 1 DQ 1

Consider the evolution of the U.S. health care system. Discuss how the shift to
value-based health care
has impacted delivery of care and the role and responsibilities of the advanced registered nurse. Project what major evolving trends in the health care delivery system will affect nursing practice and how advanced registered nurses will influence the direction of health care.

I would say the number one trend that is impacting my work setting is nurse recruitment and retention. Ever since COVID 19, it has been so hard to obtain and keep nurses. We lost a lot of nurses to COVID 19 because they could make more money as a travel nurse and now that things have settled down those nurses are waiting to get paid those wages and most facilities can’t keep up with that demand. According to the British Journal of Nursing (2021) There are concerns for safe staffing and current discourse calling for urgent action to resolve the challenges facing the nursing profession highlights that staff burnout, low morale and low job satisfaction are prevalent and on the rise. I see that that statement is true because at our facility were are see those challenges.

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References

Marufu, T. C., Collins, A., Vargas, L., Gillespie, L., & Almghairbi, D. (2021). Factors influencing retention among hospital nurses: Systematic review. 
British Journal of Nursing
, 
30
(5), 302-308. 
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.5.302

NUR-514 organizational leadership and informatics 2

Value based healthcare has had a large impact in the delivery of healthcare. It has changed the way reimbursement is delivered to providers as well as systems from how much healthcare they deliver to how well they delivered said healthcare (RBI Capital Markets). The goal of
value based healthcare
is to reduce healthcare spending while increasing the overall health of society (NEJM, 2017). By making this move, entire healthcare systems have been changed (Weberg, 2019). For advanced registered nurses, especially leaders, this has given them a different role. The new role includes knowledge-driven responses to meet patient’s needs (Weberg, 2019). Advanced registered nurses are expected to be self-directed and experts in their delivery of care (Weberg, 2019). They are supposed to make chages to how they deliver care based on what is working and what does not seem to be working for the patients (Weberg, 2019).

References

NEJM. (2017, January 1). 
What is value-based healthcare? – The New England Journal of Medicine
. NEJM Catalyst. Retrieved from https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.17.0558

RBC Capital Markets: Pathfinders in biopharma podcast
. RBC Capital Markets | Pathfinders in Biopharma Podcast. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.rbccm.com/en/gib/biopharma/episode/the-hidden-revolution-set-to-turn-us-healthcare?&msclkid=6b4f3f2b69021085e18b5b0232e113c5&utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=B_Biopharma&utm_term=value-based+care&utm_content=HCIT&gclid=6b4f3f2b69021085e18b5b0232e113c5&gclsrc=3p.ds

Weberg, D. R., Mangold, K., Porter-O’Grady, T., & Malloch, K. (2019). 
Leadership in nursing practice: Changing the landscape of Health Care
. Jones & Bartlett Learning NUR-514 organizational leadership and informatics.

Topic 1 DQ 2

Based on your experience, explain how systems thinking helps leaders to build strong interprofessional and organizational relationships. Discuss some
system thinking tools
nursing leaders can apply to increase interprofessional collaboration to benefit patient outcomes or organizational initiatives. Make sure to incorporate the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) competencies in your response.

In my experience at my facility systems thinking helps leaders to build strong interprofessional and organization relationships by working with employees in different areas within the facility and knowing what each person is responsible for, their job duties. One system thinking tool that we use at our facility SSI Taskforce Committee. This task force has all departments involved to help identify areas that may need improvement to help reduce our infection rate and to make sure that our patients have the best possible outcomes after surgery. Tanya Henry (2019) states “Systems thinking helps provide better patient-centered care, foster problem-solving and encourages questioning”. And this is true because when all the departments come together and brainstorm each individual has a different point of view and this helps to look at the bigger picture in the end.

Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) has four competencies which are values and ethics, roles and responsibilities for collaborative practice, interprofessional communication and teamwork and team-based care as mentioned in an article by Lance Baily (2021). I see that when we were working on our recertification for our spine program the Joint Commission looked at these areas. When preparing my presentation, I included our mission and values, what were the roles of the participants in the spine program, how do we get the information to our team members and how do we all work together to provide the best evidence base practices to our patients to make sure that they are safe and have the best outcomes possible.

References

Baily, L. (2021, October 12). 
IPEC core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice
. HealthySimulation.com. 
https://www.healthysimulation.com/34551/ipec-core-competencies-2016/

Henry, T. A. (2019, September 11). 
Why you need to be a systems thinker in health care
. American Medical Association. 
https://www.ama-assn.org/education/accelerating-change-medical-education/why-you-need-be-systems-thinker-health-care

Topic 2: Professional Leadership

Objectives:

Differentiate between leadership and management.

Analyze different leadership theories and styles.

Analyze characteristics of the professional nurse leader and nursing leadership.

Evaluate leadership and management strategies within health care organizations.

Discuss potential causes of conflict, principles of negotiation, and conflict resolution models and strategies.

Topic 2 DQ 1

Differentiate between “leading” and “managing.” Based on your experience in the health care industry, explain how an advanced registered nurse can lead well and provide management. Share at least one strategy you have used to effectively lead and manage staff within health care organizations Consider interactions with patients, team members, daily tasks, and responsibilities as you formulate your response.

To me a leader stands beside their team, and they work towards a common goal. The word “managing” can have a negative connotation. I can manage a budget, the schedule and other non-human based activities at work. But I cannot “manage” a person’s behavior or thoughts. I can guide and lead them either to the common goal in our organization or on to other professional opportunities elsewhere. I absolutely loved the article 
LEADING VS. MANAGING: A Tale of Two Organizational Processes. 
(2022) It brilliantly explained how managing is focused on results and typically runs in a top to bottom style with most information flowing down. When they changed to leadership philosophy in the company, the employees felt valued and understood that their safety and well-being was why they had processes in place. This increased productivity and compliance and decreased turnover and injuries.

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Aufegger et.al., (2019) found that when leadership working within the healthcare team shared responsibility the team members felt more psychologically safe and had greater situational awareness. They also had higher performance scores compared to other teams that did not feel supported.

When working with my teams I have an open-door policy and encourage my team to express concerns and provide suggestions on how to improve the care we provide. I am willing to come onto the unit and work with them side by side and help when it is needed. I also expect the same from my assistant managers. I have reduced my turnover to less than 20% over the last 4 years and I am hoping to keep those numbers going down. One thing I have implemented is unit champions. I have asked my team to volunteer as patient experience, morale, wound, diabetes, mobility champions for our unit. I feel that they are the experts on the unit and they need to be part of making it a safe place. By asking them to take on roles and relate peer to peer it helps them feel like they belong and are valued.

As an advanced practice nurse in leadership, it is my responsibility to advocate for my team, promote and grow them in their careers, and help them achieve their goals. I try to make sure that I stay up to date with them on their schooling and give them a safe space to grow and learn just as it is my responsibility to coach and guide them when it is needed.

References

Aufegger, L., Shariq, O., Bicknell, C., Ashrafian, H., & Darzi, A. (2019). 
Can shared leadership enhance clinical team management? A systematic review
. Leadership in Health Services (1751-1879), 32(2), 309–335. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1108/LHS-06-2018-0033

Knowles, R. N. (2022). 
LEADING VS. MANAGING: A T

Topic 2 DQ 2

Discuss
potential causes of conflict occurring within health care organizations
. What are some principles of negotiation and conflict resolution used by the nurse leader to address conflict? What model or leadership theory would be effective to use in addressing conflict?

There are so many reasons why conflict arises in the work place. Sometimes it is between coworkers, nurses, physician, and other times between patients and their families. At my facility, we train to deal with conflict resolution, by attending our TEAM class, which stands for Techniques for Effective Aggression Management. This class helps to deal with workplace violence, but shows you how to de-escalate situations. Some reasons for conflict is that staff are over worked, feelings of not being heard, disagreements in how things are to be done, or patient’s families are not agreeing with a treatment plan. We can go on and on, but the bottom line is how to deal with it. When addressing conflicts know what you are working towards in your negotiations. So know what you are going into, which means do your homework. Be open to when going into a negotiation and find out ways to work together. With conflict, we do not want these to affect the patient or their care. According to an article that Ebrahim wrote, Collaboration between the nursing and medical staff depends mainly on communication, and it is known that negotiation is a means of communication between individuals to reach a solution, but also remembering that the exchange needs to mutual and voluntary (2020).   I would use Transformational leadership theory when addressing conflict, because with this leadership style the leader has a trusting relationship with their staff. Ronquillo et al., (2022) states that this leadership’s style has been demonstrated as a positive contributor to safety climate. This leadership style implements communication to work for the better good.

References

Ebrahim, E. K. (2020). Negotiation as a management strategy for conflict resolution and its effect on enhancing collaboration between nurses and physicians. 
Egyptian Nursing Journal
, 
17
(1), 13-22. 
https://www.enj.eg.net/article.asp?issn=2090-6021
;year=2020;volume=17;issue=1;spage=13;epage=22;aulast=Ebrahim

Ronquillo, Y., Ellis, V. L., & Toney-Butler., T. J. (2022, July 4). 
Conflict management – StatPearls – NCBI bookshelf
. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470432/

APA Assignment: Leadership Style Reflective Essay

Assessment Description

The purpose of this assignment is to assist learners in developing effective communication by emphasizing the proper application of APA style. APA style is required for the graduate program.

Refer to the resources in the Class Resources and Student Success Center for assistance with APA. Use the APA Style Guide resource, located in the Student Success Center, to complete this assignment.

For this assignment, complete the following:

Self-Assessment

Self-awareness is essential for developing leadership skills. Recognizing your own strengths, weaknesses, and values, and understanding emotional intelligence and learning styles can help you to be a more effective nurse leader.

For this assignment, you have the opportunity to take a variety of self-assessments to learn more about yourself and identify your assets and weaknesses as a leader. This will assist you in discovering how you can improve your own self-leadership skills. You will be asked to think critically about your results and submit a reflection as directed below.

Refer to the topic Resources. Select and complete three self-assessments. Be sure to document the results of each assessment to assist you in completing the reflection portion of the assignment below.

Self-Assessment Reflection

Becoming self-aware is an ongoing process requiring introspection. The more often people practice self-reflection, the more opportunities they have to understand their own behaviors and adapt their approaches to working with other people, which can improve both your own and other’s abilities to meet their professional goals.

In a 1,000-1,250 word
reflective essay
, address the following:

Provide a rationale and brief summary for selecting each self-assessment. Summarize the results you obtained on each assessment.

Identify the leadership style that closely aligns to your philosophy of care and explain what appeals to you about that style.

Reflect on how you might incorporate elements of that particular style as you exercise leadership in a practice or health care organization setting.

Discuss any particular areas for improvement the assessments helped you identify and some steps for improving your leadership capabilities.

Analyze the characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership. Discuss the characteristics and explain why they are effective for leadership in nursing.

Analyze different leadership theories and leadership styles. Select one theory and leadership style, different from your own, and explain how they each support a professional nurse leader or individual in nursing leadership. Consider how the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation.

You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Complete the “APA Writing Checklist” to ensure that your paper adheres to APA style and formatting criteria and general guidelines for academic writing. Include the completed checklist as an appendix at the end of your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

Leadership Style Reflective Essay

Leadership is among the responsibilities that require excellent and quality skills to effectively lead a team towards the desired common goal. It involves a leader portraying professionalism towards their followers to encourage them to execute their roles. All leaders have their strengths and weaknesses. However, a determined leader uses their strengths while at the same time using the strength of others to cover their weaknesses. This paper aims to review and perform self-assessment and look at the strengths of personal leadership styles and how they relate to various leadership philosophies.

Rationale and a summary for selecting each self-assessment

There were various reasons and aims for selecting each assessment. To start with, determining whether a leader has the capability of impacting an agreement among differing opinions in a discussion is the first self-assessment that was selected. It is a vital self-assessment as it allows one to determine their decision-making capabilities in critical organizational discussions (Kiwanuka et al., 2021). Understanding this vital component can help one to become a successful leader with good skills in team leadership. Based on the results from this assessment, a score of 2 was obtained, a good indicator that a person’s reflective supervision might be familiar to them. It hence may require more effort to achieve better results.

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The second self-assessment involved determining whether leaders practice teamwork with their subordinates during major decision-making. This is an assessment that was done to determine whether a leader utilizes their skills of leadership while at the same time nurturing others to leadership. In this assessment, a scale score of three was obtained, a good indicator that the leader is always willing to help others. The third self-assessment is determining whether a leader is always willing to address the needs and issues of other people positively. It is important since it makes subordinates feel valued, thus working hard and smart toward achieving the set targets (Kiwanuka et al., 2021). The obtained results, in this case, were three, which was a good indicator that the leader is always willing to address the needs and issues of their followers.

Leadership Style

The philosophy of care is vital when upheld by a leader. Transformational leadership is the leadership style that aligns with this philosophy. Transformational leadership is a style that emphasizes openness at work, thus enabling the leader to seek new ideas from their subordinates. Transformational leadership encourages innovative thinking in a team by exploring new growth opportunities and experiences, thus promoting intellectual stimulation among team members (Wang et al., 2018). In this case, transformational leadership allows sharing of ideas among team members concerning emerging elements and concepts that improve results. Transformational leadership also has the aspect of encouraging leaders to be active listeners. It is an aspect that allows leaders to listen more to their followers, thus helping them to make an informed decision.

How Transformational Leadership Elements will be Incorporated while Exercising Leadership in a Healthcare Setting

Transformational leadership in a healthcare setting can impact the leader and the healthcare organization, especially when it is 4 I’s aspect is followed. For instance, inspirational motivation is crucial to a nurse leader since it encourages team confidence. However, this can only be achieved through developing a clear vision, communicating all the expectations to the team, and demonstrating a commitment to the set goals. Effective communication will be vital for the leader to convey the important message to their team with power, precision, and authority. Another aspect of transformational leadership that will be applied in a healthcare setting is idealized influence. It is a situation whereby a leader will be required to lead an exemplary life in leadership, expressing their charismatic nature while executing duties. This can only be proved when a leader proves their willingness to take risks and act in line with the set of ethical principles and core values in every action taken.

The third important aspect of this leadership style is individual consideration, which is important for creating a good relationship between team members and their leader. It is an aspect that can be achieved by observing each team member’s needs. For instance, a leader can explore the things that motivate every team member and conduct a one-to-one coaching session to motivate them to do their work (Boamah et al., 2018). Finally, intellectual stimulation that triggers innovative thinking is the last aspect of transformational leadership that can be applied in a healthcare setting. It is an aspect that will be incorporated when a nurse leader involves their team members in critical decision-making. It will also be effective when the leader encourages their team on the need of always remain innovative and creative.

Areas for Improvement

From the assessment, the various areas of improvement are the ability to make critical decisions during a discussion, and meetings with staff, and retaining some ideologies from team members as a leader. A transformational leader are some main aspects of improvement that should be done to ensure they work together with their team to achieve the desired goals. Moreover, a leader can opt to find a mentor to help them make these improvements. According to Liukka et al. (2018), transformational nursing leaders find mentors to improve the quality of services provided. Finding a mentor is usually essential as one is able to identify their areas of strength and weaknesses.

Another strategy/step for improving one’s leadership capabilities is conducting regular personal reflections. These reflections facilitate one to understand the weakness and strengths that they should dwell on. Learning some hard skills is also a technique for improving one’s capabilities in leadership (Boamah et al., 2018). For instance, team members will always look upon the leader when all their means fail. Having these complex and hard skills as a leader will therefore help solve some of these problems.

Characteristics of an Effective Professional Nurse Leader

There are various qualities and characteristics that justify one as an effective nurse leader. For instance, a nurse leader works with a team of nurses and nurse trainees with different personalities and with whom they engage in major decision-making, hence the need to have emotional intelligence as a characteristic (Alghamdi, Topp & AlYami, 2018). This is an important characteristic as it allows leaders to intervene, especially when these trainees experience unusual stressors. Excellent communication skills are also a characteristic of an effective professional nurse leader. Communication skills are essential as they enable these nurse leaders to execute their roles, especially when delegating duties.

Analysis of Leadership Theories and Styles

The selected theory based on this assessment is a behavioral theory inspired by the belief that leaders are made. Therefore, a professional nurse leader can align with this theory since it emphasizes teaching and observation as a step toward becoming a great leader. Through the theory, leaders, therefore, observe and learn more skills from mentors, hence steering their leadership skills. It is also a theory that shapes the decision-making, conflict resolutions, and negotiation techniques of a nurse leader (Al Khajeh, 2018). In contrast to this, the selected leadership style chosen is democratic leadership. It is a style that emphasizes a nurse leader towards good communication skills during major decision-making (Liukka et al., 2018). Democratic leadership, therefore, aims at shaping collaboration, conflict resolution, and decision-making skills, thus strengthening the relationship between a leader and their team. It also shapes a leader’s conflict resolution skills and maintains good relationships among the team members.

 

 

References

Alghamdi, M. G., Topp, R., & AlYami, M. S. (2018). The effect of gender on transformational

leadership and job satisfaction among Saudi nurses. 
Journal of advanced nursing
, 
74
(1),

119-127.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13385

Al Khajeh, E. H. (2018). Impact of leadership styles on organizational performance. 
Journal of

Human Resources Management Research
, 
2018
, 1-10. DOI: 10.5171/2018.687849

Boamah, S. A., Laschinger, H. K. S., Wong, C., & Clarke, S. (2018). Effect of transformational

leadership on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes. 
Nursing outlook
, 
66
(2), 180-

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.10.004

Kiwanuka, F., Nanyonga, R. C., Sak‐Dankosky, N., Muwanguzi, P. A., & Kvist, T. (2021).

Nursing leadership styles and their impact on intensive care unit quality measures: An

integrative review. 
Journal of Nursing Management
, 
29
(2), 133-142.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13151

Liukka, M., Hupli, M., & Turunen, H. (2018). How transformational leadership appears in action

with adverse events? A study for Finnish nurse manager. 
Journal of Nursing

Management
, 
26
(6), 639-646.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12592

Wang, L., Tao, H., Bowers, B. J., Brown, R., & Zhang, Y. (2018). When nurse emotional

intelligence matters: How transformational leadership influences intent to stay. 
Journal of

nursing management
, 
26
(4), 358-365.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12509

 

Assessment Description

The purpose of this assignment is to assist learners in developing effective communication by emphasizing the proper application of APA style. APA style is required for the graduate program.

Refer to the resources in the Class Resources and Student Success Center for assistance with APA. Use the APA Style Guide resource, located in the Student Success Center, to complete this assignment.

For this assignment, complete the following:

Self-Assessment

Self-awareness is essential for developing leadership skills. Recognizing your own strengths, weaknesses, and values, and understanding emotional intelligence and learning styles can help you to be a more effective nurse leader.

For this assignment, you have the opportunity to take a variety of self-assessments to learn more about yourself and identify your assets and weaknesses as a leader. This will assist you in discovering how you can improve your own self-leadership skills. You will be asked to think critically about your results and submit a reflection as directed below.

Refer to the topic Resources. Select and complete three self-assessments. Be sure to document the results of each assessment to assist you in completing the reflection portion of the assignment below.

Self-Assessment Reflection

Becoming self-aware is an ongoing process requiring introspection. The more often people practice self-reflection, the more opportunities they have to understand their own behaviors and adapt their approaches to working with other people, which can improve both your own and other’s abilities to meet their professional goals.

In a 1,000-1,250 word reflective essay, address the following:

Provide a rationale and brief summary for selecting each self-assessment. Summarize the results you obtained on each assessment.

Identify the leadership style that closely aligns to your philosophy of care and explain what appeals to you about that style.

Reflect on how you might incorporate elements of that particular style as you exercise leadership in a practice or health care organization setting.

Discuss any particular areas for improvement the assessments helped you identify and some steps for improving your leadership capabilities.

Analyze the characteristics of an effective professional nurse leader, or individuals in nursing leadership. Discuss the characteristics and explain why they are effective for leadership in nursing.

Analyze different leadership theories and leadership styles. Select one theory and leadership style, different from your own, and explain how they each support a professional nurse leader or individual in nursing leadership. Consider how the theory shapes the nurse leader in such things as collaboration, conflict resolution, decision making, and negotiation.

You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Complete the “
APA Writing Checklist
” to ensure that your paper adheres to APA style and formatting criteria and general guidelines for academic writing. Include the completed checklist as an appendix at the end of your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

APA Writing Checklist

Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.

☐ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.

☐  The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ Topic is well defined.

☐ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.

☐ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.

☐ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.

☐ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.

Scholarly Resources:
Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience.

Examples of Scholarly Resources include:
Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.

Peer-Reviewed Journals:
Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.

Empirical Journal Article
: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.

Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in
Research Guides
in the GCU Library.

☐ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, LopesWrite report, and ThinkingStorm to check your writing.

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU

Topic 2 DQ 2

Discuss potential causes of conflict occurring within health care organizations. What are some principles of negotiation and conflict resolution used by the nurse leader to address conflict? What model or leadership theory would be effective to use in addressing conflict?

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU SAMPLE 1

Conflict within healthcare often occurs between healthcare providers related to differences in values or poor communication (Choi & Ahn, 2021). Healthcare providers focused on their own tasks can have competing agendas or needs. Nurses are patient advocators. As an advocate for patients, nurses can face opposition and conflict from various healthcare professionals.

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Conflict has been shown to affect patient care adversely (Ebrahim, 2020). Negotiation is one management strategy for resolving conflict. Studies have demonstrated that negotiation in healthcare enhances collaboration between nurses and physicians (Ebrahim, 2020). Nurse managers can promote conflict resolution and negotiation by providing training and administration support to their staff. Negotiation skills and techniques will foster collaboration among healthcare professionals (Ebrahim, 2020). Continuous education and practice improve conflict-resolution skills (Choi & Ahn, 2021). Nurses can benefit from education on improving communication as well as conflict management and resolution strategies. Improved communication skills can help prevent some conflicts, while negotiation skills can assist in finding a resolution NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU.

Kurt Lewin’s theories have become integral in healthcare management. While he is best known for his change theories, Lewin’s field theory is applicable to conflict resolution. Lewin’s field theory describes the “life spaces” of each of the conflicting individuals (Pratkanis & Turner, 2023). His theory suggests that behavior is a function of the “life space,” or psychological reality, of the individual (Pratkanis & Turner, 2023). Conflict resolution under Lewin’s field theory looks at the detailed “life spaces” of each individual involved and the social force affecting each individual. Finally, the theory proposes that changing the social forces or introducing new ones can encourage change (Pratkanis & Turner, 2023).

References

Choi, H.-G., & Ahn, S. H. (2021). Effects of a conflict resolution training program on nursing students: A quasi-experimental study based on the situated learning theory. 
Nurse Education Today, 103.
 
https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104951

Ebrahim, E. (2020). Negotiation as a management strategy for conflict resolution and its effect on enhancing collaboration between nurses and physicians. 
Egyptian Nursing Journal, 17(1), 13.

Pratkanis, A. R., & Turner, M. E. (2023). Kurt Lewin’s field theory. Salem Press Encyclopedia of Health.

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU SAMPLE 2

Conflict as well as conflict resolution is a large part of leadership in nursing. There are many potential causes of conflict, many of which can occur internally (between two or more employees) or externally (between employees and patients) (Iglesias & Vallejo, 2012). Some internal conflict causes include job satisfaction (such as burnout), job stressors (such as assignment load, working environment, and frequency of rotation), an individual resources (collective experience of the staff on the unit) (Montoro-Rodriguez & Small, 2006). Some external conflict causes include patient satisfaction and patient outcomes (Montoro-Rodriguez & Small, 2006) NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU.

Some important factors of conflict resolution when addressing conflict are open-mindedness, respect, and trust (Weberg, et al., 2019). The leader must be open-minded to both parties experiencing the conflict (Weberg, et al., 2019). In my current position, one way I attempt to do this is to discuss the issue at hand with both parties before engaging in any conflict resolution. Respect is another important factor. Having respect for both people’s points of view as well as for the individual and the work they do is important (Weert, et al., 2019). One way I attempt to do this in my current position is to keep a good rapport with all of the staff as much as possible. I try to listen to them about both work related as well as not work related things and to be available when possible for them. Trust is one of the most important factors in conflict resolution. Trust that the steps agreed upon within the resolution is important (Weberg, et al,. 2019).

There are many different leadership theories that have been developed over time. I feel the transformation leadership style is the one I attempt to utilize the most, especially when addressing conflict. I attempt to adapt my approach and set clear goals going into situations where conflict resolution is necessary (MindTools, n.d.,). I try to make myself available for both staff as well as the patients to the best of my ability while at work and to keep a positive attitude, even in difficult situations.

References

Home
. MindTools. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mindtools.com/a7m23wp/leadership-styles

Iglesias Elena Losa M., & Vallejo, Becerro de Bengoa R. (2012). Conflict resolution styles in the nursing profession. 
Contemporary Nurse
, 
43
(1), 73–80.

Montoro-Rodriguez, J., & Small, J. A. (2006). The role of conflict resolution styles on nursing staff morale, Burnout, and job satisfaction in long-term care. 
Journal of Aging and Health
, 
18
(3), 385–406.

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU SAMPLE 3

Conflicts may range from disagreements to major controversies that may lead to litigation or violence. They can have effects on productivity, morale, and patient care. Conflict is a disagreement within oneself or differences or dispute among persons that has potential to cause harm. Conflicts are inevitable and may occur in any profession including healthcare. It could be among any group of healthcare professionals between patient and any of the member of healthcare team (Al-Hamdam,2009). Conflicts between nurses and patients can arise when patients have expectations that are not met, and no communication made to help them understand the situation. Some problems may be from other professionals but due to the fact that patients have the most interaction with the nurse, they expect them to be in control of every situation. They expect them to provide all answers to their questions not knowing some situations are also beyond their control and will do everything in their power to advocate for their patients. Issues such as patient not getting prescribed medications on time can be misunderstood and the fault given to the nurse. If a patient does not get services such as transportation after discharge, physical therapy or respiratory interventions, they may vent their frustrations to the nurse. Resolution of conflicts in a timely and positive manner under strong leadership is crucial to provide safe and effective patient care while maintaining therapeutic relationships between patients, family members and healthcare staff (Patton, 2014). Conflict does not have to lead to a hostile environment or broken relationships hence the nurse leader should approach it with an open mind so it can lead to a positive experience between both parties. Communication is vital in conflict management as it will help to understand both parties so as to be able to evaluate and intervene. The leader should be clear in explaining protocols and hospital operations while listening to prevent frustrations when expectations are not communication should not leave patient and families with expectations that are beyond nurses’ reach and the nurse made to understand the importance of feedback so patient will always be informed.

The comprehensive Conflict Management Model (CCMM) is the most applied framework for addressing situations that are characterized by disagreements in the workplace, Behfar ,Mannix ,Peterson,Trochim,(2011).According to this theory, if then nurse wish to solve the conflict permanently and comprehensively, need to ensure the proposed long-term realistic strategies are taken into account, the three basis of social conflict such as, its internal, relational, and structural roots NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU.

Al-Hamdan, (2009).Nurse managers, diversity and conflict 
management. Diversity
 & Equality in Health and Care, 6 (
10.Retrieved
 from 
https://diversityhealthcare.medpub.com/abstract/nurse-managers-diversity-and-conflict-management-2087.html.

Behfar K.J.,Mannix E.A.,Peterson R.S.,Trochin.W.M.(2011). Conflict in small groups: The meaning and consequences of process 
conflict. Small
 Group Research, 42 (2),127-176 
https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496410389194
.

Patton, C.M.(2014).Conflict in healthcare: The internet Journal of Healthcare Administration, ((1). Retrieved from 
https://ispub.com/IJHCA/9/1/2008
  NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 2 GCU

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay

Topic 2 DQ 1

Differentiate between “leading” and “managing.” Based on your experience in the health care industry, explain how an advanced registered nurse can lead well and provide management. Share at least one strategy you have used to effectively lead and manage staff within health care organizations Consider interactions with patients, team members, daily tasks, and responsibilities as you formulate your response.

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay sample 1

Being a manager does not mean that you are necessarily a leader. Managers have daily tasks and staff to look after. They may manage by running their department and making sure that the day-to-day tasks are taken care of such as staffing, hiring, and performance evaluations, these are a few of their tasks that they perform. Miller (2022) states, On a team, they typically function as “the boss” with authority over the group. Leaders inspire, motivate, and help to establish a vision. Leaders look more at the things that can help improve relationships.   According to Miller (2022), Whether problem-solving or setting the bar higher, their main objective is to create greater outcomes. At my facility I see many leaders and it is not necessarily managers or directors but staff as well.

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Advance practice nurses can be seen as leaders among the healthcare team. They can provide leadership among the patient care teams in which they function. In terms of a nurse practitioner, they can effectively communicate with other members of the healthcare team to motivate patients and the team to provide the best care possible for improved patient outcomes. The advance practice nurse can provide management by following policies and procedures and ensuring all members of the team are doing the same.

There is one effective strategy that our leadership provides at our facility is conducting a quarterly town hall. These town halls provide information to all staff about things that are going on in our facility. The feedback that we received from the staff is that they feel like they are involved and in the know about what is happening at our facility NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay.

As a leader another strategy is that I perform rounds on the staff and patients to see how they are doing and letting all know that I am available should they need anything. According to Hotko (2023), “Relationship-building questions during rounding build communication at all levels of an organization because they demonstrate to employees that leaders care about them as people… one of the top indicators of a strong workplace”. I also am part of the shared governance committee at my facility, and I like to provide snacks to the staff when there are days busy, and they may need a little pick me up.

References

Hotka, B. (2023). 
Rounding for Outcomes: How to Increase Employee Retention and Drive Higher Patient Satisfaction
. Learning Lab | Healthcare best practices | Studer Group. 
https://www.huronlearninglab.com/hardwired-results/hardwired-results-01/rounding-for-outcomes

Miller, H. L. (2022, May 6). 
The difference between leadership and management
. Leaders.com. 

The Difference Between Leadership and Management

NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay sample 2

The difference between leading and managing can often have misconceptions about the role that each title has. Often there are times when a “leader” or “manager” title will be used interchangeably. As a leader your job is to create a vision for the organization or company. A leader is not just associated with a position but can be anyone that has a vision and strategy for change. A manager role entails that you oversee the goals to conduct and implement the vision of the leaders. As a manager there are four essential functions to conduct which are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (Duggal, 2023). According to the reading in 
Leadership in Nursing Practice 
there was a particular line that stuck out to me that sums up difference between a leader and a manager which was “managers have subordinates; leaders have partners” (Weberg et al., 2019, p. 139).

I have been in healthcare since 2014 with various titles for different organizations. One thing that I have learned is that while leaders and managers are supposed to work together for a common goal or vision that is not always the case. As an advanced practice nurse (APN) we are taught the tools needed to bridge that gap, part of those tools include learning leadership styles, understanding/ managing conflict, and what the foundation of a good leader is supposed to be (Weberg et al., 2019) NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay.

Since I am a new nurse, I have not had the opportunity to be a leader and participate in management. I am working on learning the dynamics of my unit and participating in committees so that way once I do have the opportunity to participate in leadership in management I can say that I have been at the bottom and worked my way up, as well as participated in committees to make change within the unit. I feel that part of becoming a good leader is that you don’t always have to be the one talking, it is important to sit back, and listen to the dynamics of what is happening around you.

Reference

Duggal, N. (2023, March 10). 
Leadership vs management: Understanding the key difference: Simplilearn
. Simplilearn.com. https://www.simplilearn.com/leadership-vs-management-difference-article.

Weberg, D. R., Mangold, K., Porter-O’Grady, T., & Malloch, K. (2019). 
Leadership in nursing practice: Changing the landscape of Health Care
(3rd ). Jones & Bartlett Learning NUR-514 Topic 2 DQ 1 leading vs managing Discussion post essay.

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post

Topic 1 DQ 2

Based on your experience, explain how systems thinking helps leaders to build strong interprofessional and organizational relationships. Discuss some system thinking tools nursing leaders can apply to increase interprofessional collaboration to benefit patient outcomes or organizational initiatives. Make sure to incorporate the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) competencies in your response.

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post example

Systems thinking was developed to improve the healthcare delivery process (Moore, 2022). It is meant to help nurses create innovative solutions and be forward thinking with their approach in delivering care to patients (Moore, 2022). Resources are essential for delivering healthcare to people and locating and utilizing these resources is essential in achieving the best outcomes for patients (DeNisco & Barker, 2019). This thinking looks at problems, looks at factors around the problems, and uses those factors to come up with the best possible solution (DeNisco & Barker, 2019). Some tools for system thinking include ladder of inference, behavior-over-time graph, connection circle, stock-flow map, iceberg visual, and causal loop diagram (Thinking tools studio, n.d.). One important function systems thinking plays in patient care is for individuals to understand what they need to do to help patients as well as what role others on the healthcare team play in helping the patient (Bridges, et al, 2011). Understanding how others on the healthcare team can help patients can help nurse leaders to utilize other professions to best use their skills to advance patient care as much as possible (Bridges, et al, 2011) .

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Case management is one resource I have seen utilize systems management frequently in my experience. The patients on the unit I’m currently working on typically have multistepped discharge planning that must take place. The patients typically will need medical equipment, respiratory therapy, speech therapy, home health nurses, and follow up provider appointments set before the patients are able to go to the next step in their care NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post. To understand each individual patient’s needs, we have multidisciplinary rounds 5 days a week, which include providers, nurses, case managers, therapists (speech, physical, occupational, and respiratory), and dieticians. During these rounds, the patient’s hospital stay and anticipated needs, both short term and long term, are discussed. Each discipline is able to hear how the other disciplines may impact the care they are able to deliver to each patient each day. These rounds have not only helped patients upon discharge, but it has also helped patients receive the needed care that was not being utilized while hospitalized.

References

Bridges, D. R., Davidson, R. A., Soule Odegard, P., Maki, I. V., & Tomkowiak, J. (2011). Interprofessional collaboration: Three best practice models of interprofessional education. 
Medical Education Online
, 
16
(1), 6035.

DeNisco, S. M., & Barker, A. M. (Eds.). (2019). 
Advanced practice nursing 
(4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284176124

Moore, E. (2022, November 9). 
Systems thinking and nursing innovation
. American Nurse. Retrieved from 

Systems thinking and nursing innovation

Thinking tools studio. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://thinkingtoolsstudio.waterscenterst.org/courses/tools

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post sample 2

The idea behind systems leadership is that it brings together multiple parties to collaborate on issues to facilitate change (Hobbs & Midgley, 2021). While this concept isn’t new, it is new for me, and I don’t have much experience regarding this style of leadership at the organizational level. The experience that I do have is minimal because I was not directly involved but, we used systems-thinking leadership as interprofessional collaboration for breast cancer patients. Once a week a meeting would happen with the oncologist, breast surgeon, radiation oncologist, radiologist, social worker, financial advocate, and nurse navigator to discuss the patients’ case, any potential problems, and best way to move forward for the benefit of the patient. The benefit of systems-thinking leadership allows for different perspectives to work together to create a better/improved outcome and the ability to look at a problem as a whole vs in pieces.

The tools and strategies that are best used in the systems-thinking approach according to 
Thinking Tools Studio
are tools that provide a visual aid, this is so that the reasoning done in the mind can be put into a form that can be seen/shared with others so that everyone can understand how that system works and make changes as needed (Tools of Systems Thinking Courses) NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post. Additionally, when using a systems-thinking approach there are also competencies that were established to ensure that the collaboration is patient centered. There are four competencies, and they are:

1.     Values and Ethics

2.     Roles and Responsibilities for collaborative practice

3.     Interprofessional communication

4.     Teamwork and Team-based care

These were originally established in 2011 and then updated in 2016 (McKearney, 2016). Ideally, they are used in interprofessional collaboration to ensure that all participants are using respect, teamwork, and working towards the benefit of the patient.

References

Hobbs, C., & Midgley, G. (2021, April 13). 
How systems thinking enhances systems leadership
. Integration and Implementation Insights. https://i2insights.org/2021/04/13/systems-thinking-and-leadership/

McKearney, S. (2016). 
IPEC core competencies
. Interprofessional Education Collaborative. https://www.ipecollaborative.org/core-competencies.

Waters Center for Systems Thinking. 
Tools of Systems Thinking Courses
. Thinking tools studio. https://thinkingtoolsstudio.waterscenterst.org/courses/tools. NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 2 Systems thinking Essay Discussion Post

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system

Consider the evolution of the U.S. health care system. Discuss how the shift to value-based health care has impacted delivery of care and the role and responsibilities of the advanced registered nurse. Project what major evolving trends in the health care delivery system will affect nursing practice and how advanced registered nurses will influence the direction of health care.

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system example

Three of the top trends in healthcare include top healthcare trends affecting nursing include value-based healthcare, the growing use of Telehealth, and an aging population (Mensik, 2023). Although it is not often included in the top trends for healthcare, the trend currently having the most significant impact in my work setting is the need for more qualified nurses. Nursing shortages are affecting healthcare worldwide. Currently, there are approximately 23 million nursing working in healthcare around the world (Muabbar & Alsharqi, 2021). The American Nurses Association (ANA) estimates that an additional 1.1 million nurses are needed to close the gap in healthcare (Muabbar & Alsharqi, 2021).

Nurses comprise the largest group of staff in healthcare and approximately 40% of healthcare operating costs (ANA, n.d.). Nurses are often the easiest group to target for cuts to reduce costs. Reducing nursing staff impacts patient safety, well-being, and outcomes (ANA, n.d.). Patient safety and outcomes are directly affected by nursing staff levels. Maintaining adequate staffing levels is essential in reducing mortality rates and length of stay and avoiding preventable incidents such as falls (ANA, n.d.).  The aim of decreasing healthcare costs by cutting nursing staff can lead to increased costs as a result of patient injury, increased length of stay, and adverse patient outcomes.

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Another impact of nursing shortages is the creation of a snowball effect. As nursing staff levels decrease, job dissatisfaction, burnout, and the intention to leave the profession increase (Muabbar & Alsharqi, 2021). Research has found that most nurses reported being moderately dissatisfied with their job (Muabbar & Alsharqi, 2021). The increased workload and lack of support result in feeling demoralized and dissatisfied. These feelings then lead to nurses’ intentions to change careers. The situation is a vicious circle. As the number of nursing staff falls, it causes an increased workload that accelerates the number of nurses leaving the profession NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system.

Reference

ANA. (n.d.). Nurse Staffing Crisis. ANA. 
https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nurse-staffing/nurse-staffing-crisis/

Mensik, H. (2023). Top healthcare trends of 2023. Healthcare Dive. 
https://www.healthcaredive.com/news/top-healthcare-trends-2023/642270/
.

Muabbar, H., & Alsharqi, O. (2021). The impact of short-term solutions of nursing shortage on nursing outcome, nurse perceived quality of care, and patient safety. 
American Journal of Nursing Research, 9(2),
 35-44.

 

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system sample 2

The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) was the first value-based care payment model developed in 1967 (DeCoudres, 2022). The idea of value-based healthcare had grown over time but was brought to the forefront again in the 2000s with legislation such as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (DeCoudres, 2022). Value-based healthcare is focused on offering quality care rather than an increased quantity of patients. Value-based healthcare aims to deliver and maintain the health of all individuals creating better public health, lower healthcare costs, and improved outcomes (Teisberg, 2019).

The top healthcare trends affecting nursing include value-based healthcare, the growing use of Telehealth, and an aging population (Mensik, 2023). While value-based care places the focus on improving patient outcomes through patient-centered care, it also creates some often overlooked challenges for nurses. One such challenge is the increased demand for timely documentation of all care in the electronic medical record (EMR) (Brooks, 2020). Telehealth supports value-based care by making care more accessible to those in rural areas or with transportation challenges. Learning to care for patients via video or telephone as opposed to face-to-face has created new challenges for nurses that were not previously considered. Providers, including advanced practice nurses, require further information and education on care for patients remotely.

References

Brooks, A. (2020). What impact does value-based care have on nurses? Rasmussen University. 
https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/blog/value-based-care-nursing/

DeCoudres, N. (2022). What is the history of value-based care? Arcadia. 
https://arcadia.io/resources/what-is-the-history-of-value-based-care
.

Mensik, H. (2023). Top healthcare trends of 2023. Healthcare Dive. 
https://www.healthcaredive.com/news/top-healthcare-trends-2023/642270/
.

Teisberg, E., Wallace, S., & O’Hara, S. (2019). Defining and implementing value-based health care. Academic Medicine, 95(5), 682–685. 
https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003122
.

 

NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system sample 3

Value-based healthcare is a form of reimbursement that ties payments for care delivery to the quality of care provided and rewards providers for both efficiency and effectiveness. This form of reimbursement has emerged as an alternative and potential replacement for free-of-service reimbursement, which pays providers retrospectively for services delivered based on bill changes or annual fee schedules. Value-based health care implies that payment for medical care is dependent on positive patient outcomes. The goal is to contain the cost of medical care while reducing complications for patients (Mason, 2021). There are many positive things that come from value-based healthcare such as patients applying less money for better care. This allows patients to have less out of pocket expenses related to healthcare for better health. It provides must show outcomes of patient care as it forces providers to provide better care to patients. This will eventually lead to better patient outcomes and better health promotion. The advanced registered nurse will provide care to the patient if they are working in a nurse practitioner role that requires billing to take place. This will affect the care they give the same way it affects providers because it will be outcome based. Initiatives have been created for the advanced registered nurse to provide better patient care, therefore increasing positive outcomes for patients and reducing the amount of money that is required to be paid by the patient or by the insurance (Schrandt, Hustler, Humbyrd, & Decamp,2017) NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system.

Many registered nurses have either switched careers or registered from the healthcare due to frustrations. The number of students taking this career has declined and this is a serious threat to the future of nursing. Transformation of nursing is essential to ensure patients are satisfied with the quality of services offered by nurses.. Advanced registered nurse can help create a favorable working environment by working closely with newly qualified nurses, mentoring them so they don’t feel overwhelmed or frustrated by lots of new things and increasing responsibility (Gottlieb,2016).APRNs can advocate for scheduling flexibility which will help the healthcare staff to manage bustling work routines together with home life and educational opportunities. Retaining nurses’ happiness with regards to planning will create an environment that is more positive and enable the health centers to hold quality nurses (Buchan & Calman,2020).
NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1
Evolution of the U.S. health care system

References:Mason,D.(2021).The nursing profession: Development, Challenges, and Opportunities. Public Health and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Anthropology.

Schrandt, K., Hutsler, L.,Bosc,J.,Humbyrd, C.,& Declamp, M,(2020).Increase in healthcare Disparities: The Unintended Consequences of value-based medicine; lesson from the Total Joint Bundled Payments for Care Improvements.

Buchan & Calman (2016).Global health care issues and proposed 
solutions.Diversity
and Equality in health and care,15(2), 93-94.

Gottlieb,M.L.,& Huber, D.L.(2016),Clinical leadership development and education for nurses: prospects and
opportunities.Journal
 of healthcare leadership, pp7,
55.Retrieved
 from 
https://www.ncbi.nih.gov/pmc/articles.PMC5740995
  NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 Evolution of the U.S. health care system

Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1

Topic 1 DQ 1

Consider the evolution of the U.S. health care system. Discuss how the shift to value-based health care has impacted delivery of care and the role and responsibilities of the advanced registered nurse. Project what major evolving trends in the health care delivery system will affect nursing practice and how advanced registered nurses will influence the direction of health care.

Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 sample 1

Healthcare is ever changing and sometime not for the better. The changes along with value base care over the last few years, the health care industry has experienced many changes, to say the least of which is the change from volume base care to value base care.  With the volume base care or fee for service care, the health care provider received a single payment for all the services provided to a patient during a specific period, without regard to the number of times that patient may need care. According to article in Nurse Leader (Huffman, 2021), value-based care is here to stay, and nursing must be the catalyst for change. Nurse leaders will be the future of the healthcare landscape because they will be equipped with new skills and knowledge of CMS pay. Concerning volume base care is that the focus on improving the quality of the care being provided is not a priority. The focus is more on keeping costs low and profits high. Value based has also been referred to as accountable care, seeming to indicate that the health care provider is accountable to their patient for the provision of quality of health care. With value-based care, patients, providers and the whole of society can reap the benefits. Patients receive better health outcomes to lower cost, providers have higher patient satisfaction rates and care efficiencies and the whole of society experiences better health while reducing spending according to NEJM Catalyst in their 2017 article, “What is Value-Based Healthcare?” Value-based care has impacted nurses’ work environments in a positive way as nursed may find they are being assigned fewer patients each shift (Brooks, 2020) Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1.

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With the use of the Advanced Practice Nurses the increase of patient’s knowledge and understanding of disease and prevention better prepares the patient to manage and improve their health, health outcomes, and decrease the risky health behaviors (Bergh et al., 2015). I have noticed that in my facility we have nurse educators or nurse navigators that are available for patients that are having certain procedures or health comorbidities. I am a nurse navigator for an orthopedic facility, and I see that patients that receive education understanding what is going to happen prior, during and after surgery helps them to be prepared and the knowledge of how to care for themselves. I see that this helps with the decrease in patients having to stay in the hospital and re-admissions to the hospital because they know what to expect.

References

Bergh, A., Friberg, F., Persson, E., & Dahlborg-Lyckhage, E. (2015). Registered nurses’ patient education in everyday primary care practice. 
Global Qualitative Nursing Research
, 
2
, 233339361559916. 
https://doi.org/10.1177/2333393615599168

Brooks, A. (2020, February 10). 
What impact does value-based care have on nurses?
 Rasmussen University. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from 
https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/blog/value-based-care-nursing/

Huffman, M. (2021). Value-based care. 
Nurse Leader
, 
19
(1), 82-86. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.07.014

NEJM Catalyst. (2017, January 1). 
What is value-based healthcare?
 NEJM Catalyst – Practical Innovations in Health Care Delivery. Retrieved April 1, 2023, from 
https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.17.0558

Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1 sample 2

Value-based healthcare first appeared in 1967 and was developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (DeCoudres, 2022). Since then, there have been many changes and redefinition of what value-based healthcare is. It is currently defined as the measurement of improvement in a patient’s outcome for the cost of that improvement (Teisberg et al., 2019). When an organization is delivering value-based healthcare it is important to remember that the value is defined by the patients, and it starts with understanding the patients population and the needs that plague that population. This in turn is aligned with patient-centered care. The shift from volume-based to value-based has had a significant impact on the care provided to patients because it focuses on the quality of care and the outcomes. In article of redefining health they sum up value-based in the best way “the concept of value-based healthcare aligns with patient-centered care that tries to humanize people rather than to look at healthcare as a business” (Putera, 2017) .

With 2023 marking three years post pandemic the healthcare trends that are emerging this year are the use of telehealth medicine for chronic management, increasing cost, staffing shortages, and the ending of COVID public health emergency (which is set to end in the summer) (Mensik, 2023). All of these trends will affect nursing practice in various ways from learning and implementing new technologies to assist with telehealth medicine, to implementing new resources to cover cost, and continued meetings with management to discuss better working practices to combat the staff shortages that are being seen across the country Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1. While these trends are not new they are at the forefront of discussion for this year and will continue to be until change has been made. Advanced registered nurses can influence this change by becoming leaders in the nursing community and their organizations, doing research on the best practices and quality of care, and becoming involved in public health.

References

DeCoudres, N. (2022, December 14). 
What is the history of value-based care?
 Arcadia. from https://arcadia.io/resources/what-is-the-history-of-value-based-care.

Mensik, H. (2023, February 8). 
Top healthcare trends of 2023
. Healthcare Dive. https://www.healthcaredive.com/news/top-healthcare-trends-2023/642270/.

Putera, I. (2017). Redefining health: Implication for value-based healthcare reform. 
Cureus
, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.1067.

Teisberg, E., Wallace, S., & O’Hara, S. (2019). Defining and implementing value-based health care. 
Academic Medicine
, 
95
(5), 682–685. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003122 Value-based healthcare Essay – NUR-514 Topic 1 DQ 1.

NRNP-6645 Mother and Daughter a Cultural Tale Video Family Assessment Assignment

NRNP/PRAC 6645 Comprehensive Psychiatric

Evaluation Note Template

CC (chief complaint):
Mother: dependent on kids, depression, abuse from marriage and pain issues from past surgeries. The daughter Wants independence from her mom and thinks the mom needs to adapt and let her kids live their lives.

HPI
: 40-year-old Iranian mother and her 23-year-old daughter present for therapy consultation. There is a conflict with the expectation of the mother-daughter relationship. The mother wants her kids to be around because she gets lonely and depressed when alone. On the other hand, her daughter and kids feel too smothered by the mom and want their independence from her. The daughter feels she is at the age to grow and find herself, while the mom is heavily influenced by her Iranian culture.

ORDER AN ESSAY HERE

Past Psychiatric History
: The mother admits to depression but is not specific if diagnosed by a psychiatrist.

G
eneral Statement: Mother complains of loneliness and depression and seek more time with her adult kids. Adult kids seeking independence from mom.

C
aregivers (if applicable): None both adults and lives independently

H
ospitalizations: Mother noted past surgeries. No known past psychiatric hospitalizations

M
edication trials: None

P
sychotherapy or
P
revious Psychiatric Diagnosis: None stated.

Substance Current Use and History:
No stated substance use or history from both mom and daughter

Family Psychiatric/Substance Use History:
No stated substance use or history in the family

Psychosocial History:
Patients are a 40 year old Iranian female with no educational history and her 23 year old daughter. The mother get married at the age of 16 and her husband was chosen for her by her family. Patient stated that her husband was verbally and physically abusive to her. She has 5 children with her husband. The two youngest children currently live with her at home. Mom complains of depression but unknown if ever officially diagnosed. Abusive husband who tries to control her even though they don’t live together .

Medical History:

 

Current Medications
: Did not report medication during therapy

Allergies
: No known allergies reported

Reproductive Hx
: Mom has 5 children. Three Daugthers 24, 23, and 21 Two sons ages 18 and 15.

ROS
: No systems assessment done in video.

GENERAL: Mom appeared overweight and looks older for her age. Daughther looks to be in good health. No personal health information provided

HEENT: N/A

SKIN: N/A

CARDIOVASCULAR: N/A

RESPIRATORY: N/A

GASTROINTESTINAL: N/A

GENITOURINARY: N/A

NEUROLOGICAL: N/A

MUSCULOSKELETAL: N/A

HEMATOLOGIC: N/A

LYMPHATICS: N/A

ENDOCRINOLOGIC: N/A

Physical exam:
No physical examination performed in video

Diagnostic results
: No lab results discussed during the session.

Assessment

Mental Status Examination: Both mother and daughter were alert and oriented to self, place and time. Mom was overweight and appeared older than her stated age. Daugther look to be in good physical health. Both appeared stressed about the current mother daughter relationship .

Differential Diagnoses:

The three differential Diagnoses I came up with for this patient case are:

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Persistent depressive disorder (PDD)

Dissociative disorders

 

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)  
is my first potential diagnosis for this patient. PTSD occurs following a traumatic incident. The patient experienced both physical and verbal abuse during her merrage and living with her husband. According to DSM-V, PTSD is characterized by physical symptoms, including fatigue or sleep disturbances (Rumball et al., 2020). People with this disorder also experience stress reactions such as irritability. The patient is experiencing all these symptoms, increasing the likelihood of a PTSD diagnosis. The patient did complain of fatigue and depression. The daughter reported that her mom is sometimes very irritable. After reviewing PTSD, the client qualifies to be diagnosed with this condition.
 

 
Persistent depressive disorder (PDD
), also known as dysthymia, is the second differential diagnosis I chose for this patient. PDD is a long-lasting but milder form of depression. This mood disorder is characterized by a mild form of various depression symptoms, including hopelessness, low self-esteem, an overall feeling of inadequacy, anger, sadness, general discontent, irritability, excess sleepiness or insomnia, slow activity, or indecisiveness (Ogundele, 2018). According to Miller (2019), depression can also occur after a traumatic event or events. The data collected in the video shows that the patient can be diagnosed with this condition.

Dissociative disorders
 are also a possible differential diagnosis for this patient. This condition presents symptoms similar to PTSD, and the causes are due to past traumas (“Chapter dissociative reactions in PTSD,” 2019). The patient has past traumas that are impacting her relationship with her family. Dissociative disorders can be a possible diagnosis for this patient as well.

 

Case Formulation and Treatment Plan

The best treatment plan for this patient is to address her PTSD condition. Treatment should include individual therapy, group therapy with her kids, antianxiety and antidepressant medications. Some approaches that might be good options for this patient include exposure therapy, anxiety management/relaxation training, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and supportive psychotherapy” (Piotrowski & Range, 2020). The mother will need to see a provider that can prescribe her some medications. The daughter should be evaluated independently and provided with appropriate resources.

Reflections

This was an interesting case. The patient will benefit from seeing a mental health provider for evaluation and starting medication. I think she will benefit from taking medications to help with her possible diagnosis of PTSD and Depression. She should also continue her psychotherapy.

 

References

Miller, L. (2019). PTSD and other traumatic disability syndromes: Differential diagnosis. 
SpringerBriefs in Psychology
, 25-42. 
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09081-8_3

Piotrowski, N. A., PhD, & Range, L. M., PhD. (2020). Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Magill’s

Medical Guide

Rumball, F., Happé, F., & Grey, N. (2020). Experience of trauma and PTSD symptoms in autistic adults: risk of PTSD development following DSM‐5 and non‐DSM‐5 traumatic life events. 
Autism Research
, 
13
(12), 2122-2132 NRNP-6645 Mother and Daughter a Cultural Tale Video Family Assessment Assignment.

Ogundele, M. O. (2018). Behavioral and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for pediatricians. 
World journal of clinical pediatrics
, 
7
(1), 9. Doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9

To prepare:

Review this week’s Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide on family assessment. Be sure to review the resource on psychotherapy genograms.

Download the Comprehensive Psychiatric Evaluation Note Template and review the requirements of the documentation. There is also an exemplar provided with detailed guidance and examples.

View the 
Mother and Daughter: A Cultural Tale
 video in the Learning Resources and consider how you might assess the family in the case study.

THE ASSIGNMENT

Document the following for the family in the video, using the Comprehensive Evaluation Note Template:

Chief complaint

History of present illness

Past psychiatric history

Substance use history

Family psychiatric/substance use history

Psychosocial history/Developmental history

Medical history

Review of systems (ROS)

Physical assessment (if applicable)

Mental status exam

Differential diagnosis—Include a minimum of three differential diagnoses and include how you derived each diagnosis in accordance with 
DSM-5-TR
 diagnostic criteria

Case formulation and treatment plan

Include a psychotherapy genogram for the family

Note:
 For any item you are unable to address from the video, explain how you would gather this information and why it is important for diagnosis and treatment planning. NRNP-6645 Mother and Daughter a Cultural Tale Video Family Assessment Assignment

TO PREPARE

Review the Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide on comprehensive, integrated psychiatric assessment. Watch the 
Mental Status Examination B-6 
and
 Simulation Scenario-Adolescent Risk Assessment 
videos.

Watch the YMH Boston 
Vignette 5 
video and take notes; you will use this video as the basis for your Discussion post.

BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 1

Based on the YMH Boston
 Vignette 5 
video, post answers to the following questions:

What did the practitioner do well? In what areas can the practitioner improve?

At this point in the clinical interview, do you have any compelling concerns? If so, what are they?

What would be your 
next
 question, and why?

Then, address the following. Your answers to these prompts do not have to be tailored to the patient in the YMH Boston video.

Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important.

Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent.

Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults.

Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment.

Support your response with at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources and explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.

Read
 a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 1

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues on 
2 different days
 by offering additional insights or alternative perspectives on their analysis of the video, other rating scales that may be used with children, or other treatment options for children not yet mentioned. Be specific and provide a rationale with evidence.