Category: Nursing

Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example

Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim

Evidence-based practice relies heavily on use of available scientific evidence to formulate policies and improve nursing practice. EBP involves incorporating clinical expertise, the best research evidence available, patient values/preferences, and best practices into patient care and clinical decision making. Using EBP strategies, healthcare professionals and providers can interpret the research findings into clinical practices that will enhance the quality of care offered and improve patient outcomes (Sikka et al., 2015). EBP encourages researchers to improve their skills in collecting the best evidence and literature. Therefore, healthcare providers can utilize their researching skills to apply existing scientific knowledge when making care plans for their patients and in their daily practice to maximize the quality of care offered to patients. Healthcare professionals often make health- related decisions for patients in their practice with a bid to improve the quality of life. These decisions should be based on current research and modern treatment options. EBP aims to improve patient-provider engagement by improving inter-professional collaboration and emphasizing on shared decision making. In addition, healthcare providers are expected to embrace a positive attitude towards EBP and acquire the necessary skills for its adoption into clinical practice (Sikka et al., 2015) Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example .

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Evidence based practice (EBP) is a systematic approach used by organizations to achieve quadruple aim in healthcare. The quadruple aim has four major goals which include reduction of healthcare costs, improvement of patient experience, and improvement of population health and work-life of healthcare professionals (Crabtree et al., 2016). Quadruple aim plans to achieve the four goals through redesigning and restructuring of healthcare facilities. Through quadruple aim, organizations aim to achieve health equity by providing patient centric care, utilizing organization’s capacities and capabilities to deliver optimal care, and mitigating errors that limit patient engagement and healthcare delivery. Achievement of quadruple aim goals has faced setbacks in improving population health and reducing healthcare related costs which in turn affects effectiveness and efficiency in healthcare delivery. EBP may have an impact on the factors influencing quadruple aim (patient experience, population health, costs, and work life of healthcare providers). When organizations adopt EBP to improve quality of services and value of care patients receive in clinical settings (Jacobs et al., 2018). Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example  Similarly, EBP has a direct impact on patient experience, cost of healthcare, and the work life of healthcare providers as explained in the section below.

How EBP influences the Four Goals of Quadruple Aim

 Patient experience

Patient experience involves enhancing the quality of services offered to patients and reducing errors in patient care. Healthcare providers can utilize strategies used in EBP to translate research findings into clinical practice based on individual patient needs (Sikka et al., 2015). This will help the care providers to offer patient-centric care which will improve the quality and safety of care received. Organizations are adopting EBP to solve clinical issues that impact patient care leading to improved patient care. EBP obligates healthcare providers to formulate intervention based on scientific research and comprehend effectiveness or risks of a diagnostic treatment. EBP allows patients to have a proactive role in their treatment and raise concerns.

 

Population Health

It aims at providing populations with information that help them to determine their health status, limitations of particular treatments and cultural practices, and benefits of individual procedures and practices. In addition, identification of population health needs help policy makers in ensuring efficient and equitable distribution of resources (Crabtree et al., 2016). Populations are classified based on their needs which help in addressing the identified needs and shaping healthcare patterns based on the subgroups. Improving population health relies heavily on EBP as healthcare professionals use it to determine prevailing conditions such as obesity in particular communities, their causes, and how to reduce their prevalence (Jacobs et al., 2018) Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example . EBP allows access to higher quality information and best practices that help in promoting the success of quality improvement programs.

Costs

Patients spend a substantial amount when not receiving the highest quality of care from health providers. Rate of readmissions increase as a result of low quality of care and in turn increases treatment cost as patients have to pay for services they would not need to if they had received the appropriate treatment. Healthcare organizations have to deal with the challenge of providing quality health services at lower costs while remaining afloat in the market. EBP has helped these organizations to embrace latest healthcare technologies which improve efficiency and quality of care (Crabtree et al., 2016). The organizations experience an increase in capital costs while investing in the modern equipment in the short run. In the long run, the cost of treatment decreases as the quality of care increases and rates of readmission are lowered.

 

The work-life of healthcare providers

Healthcare providers require a conducive environment that supports inter-professional collaboration and nurtures career growth and development. EBP practices promotes collaboration, patient-provider engagement, patient outcomes, reduce employee burnout, and promotes staff productivity (Crabtree et al., 2016). Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example  EBP also promotes formulation of policies that support employee welfare and engages staff in active decision making which ensures that employees are well motivated. Knowledge retrieved from EBP guides the healthcare providers in settling for the right interventions based on patient needs which reduces workload (Jacobs et al., 2018). For instance, the introduction of electronic health records have made work easier by replacing tedious paper work.

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In summary, EBP has a positive impact on quadruple aim elements by enhancing quality of care which in turn promotes patient experiences and outcomes. For healthcare providers to provide quality and safe services to patients, they need to be very productive, motivated, and knowledgeable. In addition, the healthcare workers will require a conducive and nurturing environment to remain productive. The healthcare services need to be cost effective to ensure patients can afford them and the organization offering the services will remain afloat Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example.

 
References

Crabtree, E., Brennan, E., Davis, A., & Coyle, A. (2016). Improving Patient Care Through Nursing Engagement in Evidence‐Based Practice. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 13(2), 172-175.

Jacobs, B., McGovern, J., Heinmiller, J., & Drenkard, K. (2018). Engaging employees in well-being: moving from the triple aim to the quadruple aim. Nursing administration quarterly, 42(3), 231-245 Assignment: Evidence-Based Practice and the

Sikka, R., Morath, J. M., & Leape, L. (2015). The quadruple aim: care, health, cost and meaning in work. 
BMJ quality & safety
, 
24
(10), 608-610.

To Prepare:

Read the articles by Sikka, Morath, & Leape (2015); Crabtree, Brennan, Davis, & Coyle (2016); and Kim et al. (2016) provided in the Resources.

Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example

Reflect on how EBP might impact (or not impact) the Quadruple Aim in healthcare.

Consider the impact that EBP may have on factors impacting these quadruple aim elements, such as preventable medical errors or healthcare delivery.

To Complete:

Write a brief analysis (no longer than 2 pages) of the connection between EBP and the Quadruple Aim.

Your analysis should address how EBP might (or might not) help reach the Quadruple Aim, including each of the four measures of:

Patient experience

Population health

Costs

Work life of healthcare providers

Evidence-Based Practice and the Quadruple Aim Assignment Essay Example

Philosophy Assignment

Overview

The contributions of Karl Marx in the field of philosophy have often been described as exemplary and outstanding due to the angle adopted when it comes to logical and rational reasoning. The prowess and proficiency demonstrated by Marx when it comes to dissecting troublesome issues in society is one of the aspects that makes this individual an exceptional scholar. The theory of alienation is one of the academic concepts that is synonymous with this philosopher where he attempts to explain how the human race finds itself distanced from the world of reality. The viewpoints and opinions of Marx are known to be purely philosophical where he adopts the common teachings in society to pass across a valid point. The massive influence that these teachings have on most people is evidently conspicuous since most of them are contained in academic syllabuses and teaching curricula. This paper is a philosophical essay that evaluates the first manuscript of Marx and how it talks about the theory of alienation for the human species alienation for the human species by karl marx.

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Essay Task

Marx in the 1844 first manuscript explains the concept of being alienated from one’s species being. What is species being and how are we alienated from species being as a consequence of living within a capitalist system of production? How in particular do you experience this alienation?

 

Body

The concept of estranged labor forms the foundation of the philosophical topic of the first manuscript where Marx endeavors to show that the society is mainly divided into two main factions. The first one is comprised of people who are opulent such that they own the massive share of property within their respective society. Alienation for the human species by karl marx the opposite is true for the second category that is actually made up of workers and laborers who work for the people that own the property

(Fluxman, 378). Marx argues that the people who do not own property or the “property-less” group are the ones that suffer from alienation and estrangement within the society that they inhabit.

This isolation often occurs because the individual who does not own any property or assets feels that the work that they do is the only thing that makes them relevant such that they objectify it throughout their lives (McGuigan, 323). What’s more, this laborer, begins to associate their entire life with the work that they do such that all their efforts are invested into the object that makes them work in the first place. Despite this hard work, the person does not actually get to have ownership rights for the fruits of their labor and this is where the principles of capitalism begin to manifest. The first manuscript in the words of Marx asserts that the “property-less” worker begins to become alienated as he or she continues to become indulged and engaged in their daily routine (Marshall, 2).

This is because they often feel that everything that they are doing forms a significant contribution to the external world. Secondly, there is another form of alienation that Marx describes in his philosophical writing of the first manuscript. This estrangement revolves around the process of becoming distant from one’s species and individual identity. Marx explains that work forms a very fundamental and integral part of human life such that any person often associates it with their overall purpose in life (Ouellet, 23).  The concept of being a species simply describes what it entails to be human from a philosophical and sociological perspective. Marx’s manuscript clearly outlines how the intellectual ability sets a vivid distinction between human beings and other creatures.

It is through the process of being able to transform abstract or inanimate matter into something useful that constitutes a critical part of the human race (Archibald, 119).  In fact, the human species is most known for being able to convert and later objects in the natural world into a practical activity in the form of work. However, the modern system of owning property actually leads to alienation because the worker in this case tends to lose their purpose in life and even their identity of self.

Marx’s manuscript continues to assert that the human being is a living species not because he is able to survive through his instincts, but also because he can express himself in different ways (Renault, 702). Further, the human species is able to treat themselves in a universal manner that makes them a free spirit as well. This quality is largely interfered with when the issue of alienation and estrangement sets in because it prevents the normal human from living as a free spirit. Instead, the person becomes caught up in the web of work, profession and careers such that it is objectified as a means of survival (Archibald, 119).

The capitalist system of production is described by Marx as the reason why man is constantly working in order to satisfy an urgent need in their lives. This need is what adds significant meaning to their physical existence in the first place. The theory of alienation according to Marx is an important concept in philosophy that demonstrates how forces of impersonation dominate the contemporary society. It is the innate desire to improve one’s life that makes the human species obsessed with making the most out of their lives such that they become entangled in the process (McGuigan, 325).

The notion of species-being actually centers on showing how humans unite themselves with work, nature and also with one another. It is also through all of these spheres that the process of alienation often takes place where a person can be distanced from the object of production or also from the activity itself. In the view of Marx, the element of labor largely contributes to the process of being estranged in the sense that this activity does not only lead to production, but is also makes the worker to become a commodity as well (Marshall, 2).

This simply means that it is possible for the human species to become objectified once they become immersed in the world of production.

The process of being alienated as a result of the capitalist system of production highly manifests itself even in the present world. The “property-less” group who form the larger proportion of workers are the ones who are constantly working in order to try and improve their lives (Ouellet, 24). This is regardless of the fact that they do not have the liberty or freedom to own the fruits of their labor or even become a partial owner to it. On the contrary, the capitalist minority get to enjoy the fruits of production because they are the ones who own a majority of the assets and property in society.

It is through the constant efforts of the worker to upgrade their lives and standards of living that makes them become obsessed with the idea of objectification in production such that they end up being visualized as a tangible item in the end (Ouellet, 24). The manner in which a worker becomes stripped of their own species-being when the capitalists system is in play takes center stage in the current society. From a personal perspective, I believe that most people in the society actually become entangled in the process of work because it is their only ticket to survival. They do not work because of the end product they create or the activity that they engage in on a daily basis, but instead, they only remain connected because they are able to sustain themselves through it (Fluxman, 379).

Marx clearly explains that the human species simply works because it is the only way they know how to live. In the process, they get to alienate themselves from who they truly are and it becomes even more difficult to live as a free spirit. Further, I have also observed that the connection between nature and humanity is terminated when a person becomes too much immersed in the workplace. In fact, it sometimes gets to a point where a person begins to feel like a slave such that they believe that their employer only values their output and not their individuality (Fluxman, 379) alienation for the human species by karl marx. This phenomenon occurs in virtually most organizations where most staff members feel that they are more of a laborer and less of an autonomous being and this makes them forget their values as a species-being.

In a recap, the first manuscript according to Marx presents a valuable and vital concept on the topic of alienation and how capitalist thoughts in production have contributed to worsening the situation. The existence of two main groups of the property owners and the “property-less people is what Marx believes is the genesis of the alienation and estrangement in among the human species.

Works Cited

Archibald, W. Peter. “Using Marx’s Theory of Alienation Empirically.” Theory & Society, vol. 6, no. 1, July 2008, p. 119. EBSCOhost,

Fluxman, Tony. “Marx, Rationalism and the Critique of the Market.” South African Journal of Philosophy, vol. 28, no. 4, Nov. 2009, pp. 377-413. EBSCOhost,

Marshall, Peter. “A Marxist Theory …What Goes Around….” Human Resources Magazine, vol. 10, no. 2, June 2005, p. 2. EBSCOhost,

McGuigan, Jim. “Creative Labour, Cultural Work and Individualisation.” International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 16, no. 3, Aug. 2010, pp. 323-335. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/10286630903029658.

Ouellet, Maxime. “Revisiting Marx’s Value Theory: Elements of a Critical Theory of Immaterial Labor in Informational Capitalism.” Information Society, vol. 31, no. 1, Jan/Feb2015, pp. 20-27. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/01972243.2015.977628.

Renault, Emmanuel. “Three Marxian Approaches to Recognition.” Ethical Theory & Moral Practice, vol. 16, no. 4, Aug. 2013, pp. 699-711. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s10677-013-9413-8 alienation for the human species by karl marx.

Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation

NURS – 6050C: Policy and Advocacy for Improving Population Health

Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation

For the past three decades, there has been a significant shift in the U.S. approach to health care from the biomedical healthcare model to the biopsychosocial framework of comprehending well-being states and illness, especially for patients with chronic diseases (Aggar et al., 2021). In the last decade, newer interventions focusing on the social constituent of care have emerged, including the introduction of health coaches, walking groups, physical activity/exercise on prescription, art on prescription, and social prescribing, with some empirical evidence of behavioral transformation (Carnes et al., 2017). The above social prescription programs are designed to allow patients to enhance their self-care skills, mitigate complications, and play a role in tackling health inequities by establishing social support networks (Alliance for Healthier Communities, n.d.). The design and implementation of social prescription programs call for collaborative efforts among clinicians. Recently, TGK Hospital introduced music on prescription program at their Annex site in Atlanta. I interviewed the nurse executive manager (NE) of the hospital to establish the nursing role in the program design and implementation, and presented in this paper is the interview transcript showing the NE’s responses to specific questions about the program Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation.

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Interviewer: Tell us about a healthcare program, within your practice. What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program?

 Interviewee:
Social prescription is an inventive advance that targets to connect primary care patients with social support sources in the voluntary sector and within communities to aid them to improve their wellbeing, health, and care encounters (Pescheny et al., 2018). It offers our medical staff a non-clinical referral alternative, which runs beside clinical therapies, to tackle non-medical elements perpetuating and precipitating diseases and regularly result in frequent hospital visits. We have implemented music on prescription, and so far, it has enabled physicians, advanced nurse practitioners, and other interdisciplinary staff to officially refer elderly patients to community-based music programs (Pescheny et al., 2018). The estimated cost of the program is approximately $45,000/year, with the projected outcomes including improvements in general, mental, and emotional wellbeing, improved quality of life, and alleviated levels of anxiety and depression (Husk et al., 2019). The above will reduce hospitalization costs and allow our staff to focus on clinical cases.

Interviewer:
Who is your target population?

Interviewee:
The music on prescription program at TGK Hospital targets primarily elderly patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses, including Alzheimer’s dementia, cancer, pain, and those with depression with or without suicidal ideations.

Interviewer:
What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples?

Interviewee:
Available empirical have shown that in hospitals where social prescribing is a common practice, patients with chronic ailments receiving music on prescription feel less isolated, made 38% fewer emergency department units, and 47% fewer hospital visits (Aggar et al., 2021; Philip et al., 2019). Despite the above benefits, the uptake has remained relatively low mainly due to the failure to include nurses in the design and execution of the programs. Registered nurses (RNs) serve pertinent roles in guaranteeing the efficacy of the novel type of healthcare. RNs are already taking care of geriatric patients with chronic illnesses. Consequently, they can assist in identifying the patients at risk of social isolation and those qualifying for social prescription interventions (Pescheny et al., 2018).

Interviewer:
What is your role as an advocate for your target population for this healthcare program? Do you have input into design decisions? How else do you impact design?

Interviewee:
My specialty of practice is geriatric nurse practitioner, and I have worked with elderly patients for more than two decades. Through my long working experience, I have noted that a large share of my patients was experiencing feelings of loneliness, which substantially contributed to chronic depression and suicidal ideations, particularly those with Alzheimer’s dementia (Aftab & Shah, 2017; Ward et al., 2020). Thus, I took part in the search for evidence-based practice to mitigate suicidal thoughts in the abovementioned population and used the findings to push for the adoption of music on prescription programs at the hospital level. I attended a social prescription workshop in the U.K in early 2019, where I acquired knowledge on the design of the programs. Besides steering the interdisciplinary team involved in the design and implementation of the initiative, I am also a trainer of the frontline linking workers for the program Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation.

Interviewer:

What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation? How does this role vary between the design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples?

Interviewee:
RNs not only have the requisite skills, knowledge, and competencies to facilitate referrals but also the community connections to establish the services and groups that align with patients’ interests and preferences. Thus, while at the design stage their role was limited to developing proposals touching on the screening procedures of patients who are likely to profit from the program, RNs serve as champions, network events to share best practices and ensure collective understanding of the program, and facilitate the integration of the initiative into the hospital’s healthcare system (Pescheny et al., 2018). In particular, RNs help in the evaluation of the program by continuously mapping the attainment of the program outcomes vis-à-vis implementation goals.

Interviewer: Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe is most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why?

Interviewee:
Music on prescription is a broad initiative involving a diversity of stakeholders from various disciplines, including the hospital, patients, and community-based music providers. In the above view, the requisite members of the healthcare team include the patients’ physicians, who are responsible for identifying non-medical music on prescription and prescribing it to the patients (Alliance for Healthier Communities, n.d.). RNs and community-based assistant nurses are important in the program implementation as they link the patients to the appropriate social prescription program grounded on self-identified needs and interests, as well as support their self-care journey (Alliance for Healthier Communities, n.d.). Lastly, the hospital management committee facilitates the execution plan by facilitating the financial aspect of the program.

Conclusion

The
objective
of the paper was to examine the nursing role in the program design and implementation from the perspective of TGK Hospital’s NEs perspective through a one-on-one interview. From the interview transcript, it is apparent that TGK hospital has implemented music on prescription program. The above is a type of social prescription that offers a non-clinical referral alternative, which runs beside clinical therapies, to tackle non-medical elements perpetuating and precipitating diseases and regularly result in frequent hospital visits. The program targets elderly patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses. At the design level, RNs assist in identifying the patients at risk of social isolation and those qualifying for social prescription interventions. At the implementation stage, RNs help in the incorporation of the program into the hospital’s culture Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation

 

 

 

 

References

Aftab, A., & Shah, A. A. (2017). Behavioral emergencies: Special considerations in the geriatric psychiatric patient.
Psychiatric Clinics of North America
,
40
(3), 449–462).  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.05.010

Aggar, C., Thomas, T., Gordon, C., Bloomfield, J., & Baker, J. (2021). Social prescribing for individuals living with mental illness in an Australian Community setting: A pilot study.
Community Mental Health Journal
,
57
(1), 189. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10597-020-00631-6

Alliance for Healthier Communities. (n.d.).
Social prescribing.
 https://www.allianceon.org/Social-Prescribing

Carnes, D., Sohanpal, R., Frostick, C., Hull, S., Mathur, R., Netuveli, G., Tong, J., Hutt, P., & Bertotti, M. (2017). The impact of social prescribing service on patients in primary care: A mixed-methods evaluation.
BMC Health Services Research
,
17
(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12913-017-2778-Y/TABLES/5 Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation

Husk, K., Elston, J., Gradinger, F., Callaghan, L., & Asthana, S. (2019). Social prescribing: Where is the evidence?
British Journal of General Practice
,
69
(678), 6–7. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19X700325

Pescheny, J., Pappas, Y., & Randhawa, G. (2018). Social prescribing: Implementation and delivery.
International Journal of Integrated Care
,
18
(s2), 214. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.s2214

Philip, K., Lewis, A., & Hopkinson, N. S. (2019). Music and dance in chronic lung disease.
Breathe
,
15
(2), 116–120. https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0007-2019

Ward, M. C., Milligan, C., Rose, E., Elliott, M., & Wainwright, B. R. (2020). The benefits of community-based participatory arts activities for people living with dementia: A thematic scoping review.
Arts & Health
,
00
(00), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2020.1781217 Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation

Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth research paper

Introduction to Statistics and Research – SR 134

ARTICLE ANALYSIS/EVALUATION

Assignment Guidelines

A successfully written assignment largely depends on a deep understanding of the main topic, finding the most recent scholarly sources (textbooks and research articles) in relation to the subject, and following different criteria of the rubric brochure (see pages 2-3).

This assignment is designed to allow you to assess a particular research paper
(ATTACHED).

For this assignment, you will work individually. The main goal of this assignment is to prepare an essay regarding specific research in the field of healthcare sciences.

Evaluate the research paper from the viewpoint of the subsequent sections:

1. Main title

2. Abstract and keywords

3. Introduction

4. Materials and methods

5. Results and discussion

6. References

The following criteria will be used to evaluate your essays:

A. Layout and organization (clear pattern and method of organization)

B. Accuracy and clarity (accuracy of facts and scientific concepts using different examples)

C. Creativity (critical thinking and feasible interpretation using tables and figures)

D. Writing style (correct spelling and punctuation as well as numbering and bullets)

E. Sources (Relevant citations and scholarly sources in APA format)

 

Introduction to Statistics and Research – SR 134

Topic: Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth

Abstract

It is evident that longer working hours has an impact on the oral health of an individual. This study employed a qualitative research design where web based questionnaires were administered to participants in order to determine the relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth. The study’s results established that there is a link between overtime work and tooth decay among fulltime employees in the fiscal industry Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth research paper .

Introduction

There is no doubt that working for longer hours has a negative impact on the health of an individual. Diseases like diabetes mellitus, depression, anxiety, circulatory diseases as well as psychological disorders such as cognitive function, sleep disorder are all linked to overtime working. However, it is crucial to note that since working for long hours has a negative influence on the lifestyle of an individual; it is accurate to conclude that it also contributes to tooth decay. Working for longer hours increases the possibility of tooth decay. This is because employees who work for longer hours have limited time to take care of their teeth. The most common causes of permanent teeth loss are periodontitis and caries. Notably, periodontal disease is the primary reason why people extract their tooth across all ages. Tooth decay is increasingly turning into a major health scare across various ages and as a result, it is crucial for working populations to treat the disease at the earliest opportunity possible (Yoshino et al, n.d).

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Materials and Methods

           
This study adopted a qualitative research design. A qualitative research method allows the researcher to collect descriptive data.  Against this background, the researcher used primary data collection tools. Online questionnaires were administered to working populations who met the following selection criteria: aged between 25 – 65, employed within the Kanto vicinity in Japan, full-time employees and employed in the fiscal sector – insurance, securities and bank.  The questionnaires were sent to the participants via email. This was a web-based research and as a result, it allowed the researcher to overcome the challenges associated with primary data collection techniques such as inadequate finance, resources and time. The questionnaires primarily focused on finding out information linked to the oral health behavior of the participants. The participants filled out information on how regular they brushed their teeth, how often do they visit a dentist for checkups, as well as whether they have untreated carries.  These statistics aimed at equipping the researcher with a general overview of the health status of the respondent and also allow the researcher to find out if any link between working overtime and oral health diseases exists. The respondents were also required to fill out information about their working hours Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth research paper  . This information helped the researcher to link working hours to teeth decay.

Results and Discussions

The study found out that the mean age of respondents who worked overtime was as follows SD 8.1 (51. 6 years); 0 – 45 hours, SD 8.8 ( 47 years) 45- 80 hours, SD 7.7 (46.6 years) and SD 8.6 ( 45.5 years) over 80 hours (Yoshino et al, n.d). From these statistics, it is clear that the mean age reduced with the amount of extra time spent at work per month Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth research paper . Data from the study also showed that respondents with the following traits – highest level of education, higher overtime working hours, and those who brush their teeth fewer than twice a day had untreated decayed teeth.

Undisputable, oral health status is primarily influenced by socio-economic status, gender, job stress and educational background. Consequently, this study selected individuals working within the same sector and vicinity in order to avoid influences from confounding aspects.  From this study, it is clearly evident that there is a relationship between tooth decay and overtime work. The study
showed
that there is a link between untreated decayed teeth and extra time work in financial sector employees. The study found out that there is a relationship between tooth decay and educational background. This point out to the fact that oral health awareness is crucial even to employees in the financial sector despite their high income and level of education.

Reference

Yoshino, K. (n.d).
Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth Relationship between overtime work and decayed teeth research paper

By Day 3 of Week 7

Post
 a description of the health policy you selected and a brief background for the problem or issue being addressed. Explain whether you believe there is an evidence base to support the proposed policy and explain why. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 7

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues
* on two different days
 by either supporting or respectfully challenging their explanation on whether there is an
evidence base to support the proposed health policy
they described.

For this discussion, I selected the Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2020 as my proposed health care policy. If passed, this bill would grant authority for the Project AWARE (Advancing Wellness and Resiliency in Education) program to provide mental health services in schools. This program is run by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration SAMHSA) and would provide care to students dealing with trauma such as grief, suicidal ideations, and violence (Congress.gov, 2020). Project AWARE would advance mental health awareness and staff training to identify and handle these types of students correctly. Behavioral interventions and family involvement in preventing mental illness and alleviating trauma would also be components of this program. Lastly, this program would also establish a way for children to report incidents.

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Because children are at school almost as much as at home, school is an excellent place to intervene, prevent, and detect mental health problems. Students commonly experience mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse, grief, bullying, and stress (NASP, 2021). Providing mental health services in schools can aid in removing the stigma around mental illness and encourage more students to seek help when they need it. Assisting these types of students will promote better learning and safety for the children. Early detection of mental illness is also a benefit of providing services within the school because staff will be able to collaborate with the family to discuss what they see at school versus what the parents notice.

I believe that there is an evidence base to support the Mental Health Services for Students Act because multiple studies have been conducted on the subject. For instance, in North Carolina, a tier prevention model called Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) was placed in an effort to triage students’ needs (Schultz et al., 2020). In Tier 1 of this model, all students are screened for mental or behavioral health issues that may require intervention. Tier 2 involves students whose interventions from Tier 1 did not work or could be improved. Lastly, Tier 3 focuses more specifically on each individual’s needs, potentially involving one-on-one therapy. I found this strategy to be exceptionally organized and systematic in helping the students who need mental health services. Aside from this strategy, many other methods exist for implementing mental health care in the school system. The Mental Health Services for Students Act could be very beneficial in changing the lives of many students, especially those whose issues may otherwise go unaddressed.

References

Congress.gov. (2020, September 30). H.R.1109 – 
Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2020.
 Congress.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1109/text.

National Association of School Psychologists. (2021). 
Comprehensive school-based mental and Behavioral Health Services and school psychologists.
 National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/mental-health/school-psychology-and-mental-health/comprehensive-school-based-mental-and-behavioral-health-services-and-school-psychologists.

Schultz, B. K., Al-Hammori, D., Mirabelli, K., & Gaither, L. (2020). Mental Health Services in North Carolina’s Public Schools. North Carolina Medical Journal, 81(2), 111–115. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.81.2.111

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10 months ago

Quanza Mooring 
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I lived in NC for most of my life. I remember years ago when the two largest inpatient mental health facilities down-sized, one closing all together. Patients who had not lived outside the facility for years were suddenly thrust into communities they were completely unfamiliar with. For some outpatient treatment worked well, for others, though, outpatient treatment was not enough. As you mention, rural areas are often lacking in access to mental health care, however, many nurses in urban areas that have larger numbers of mental health professionals feel access is still subpar. As you consider this bill, do you feel it goes far enough to help improve access and affordability for all patients who may need it?

Dr. Mooring

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10 months ago

Blessing Nnakwu 

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Hello Marissa,

This act is a very useful one because it allows us to help students with their mental health, which is very important in ensuring we get adults who are more stable and more prepared to appropriately handle their mental health. According to the website of the congresswoman that introduced this bill, It has been implemented in Congresswoman Napolitano’s congressional district (in 35 schools) since 2001 and has been very successful (Napolitano, n.d.). My hope is that with the introduction of this bill, we will begin to see a decrease in suicide rates because the children this bill covers would finally be receiving the help they desperately need to process things. Currently in Congresswoman Napolitano’s district (32nd district in California), there are 17 firearm suicides on average which is pretty low compared to some of the surrounding districts, which are in the 30s-40s, which could serve as further proof that this bill is in need of being implemented in schools everywhere (Everytown Research & Policy, 2020).

References

Napolitano, G. (n.d.) Facts on the mental health services for students act. 
https://napolitano.house.gov/issues/hr-721-mental-health-services-students-act/facts-mental-health-services-students-act

Everytown Research & Policy. (2020, Oct. 2). 
Firearm suicide by congressional district. 
https://everytownresearch.org/report/firearm-suicide-by-congressional-district/ 

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10 months ago

Precious Dixon 

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Hi Marissa, I enjoyed reading your post, very informative and such a great topic. Mental health is so real and so overlooked, especially amongst our youth. This act will be very useful in early detection of mental issues/concerns such as depression, suicide, anxiety or hopelessness. I try to do “mental health checks” with our kids and my husband, just a way to keep track of what we are all facing everyday and offer support.

References

Congress.gov. (2020, September 30). H.R.1109 – 
Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2020.
 Congress.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1109/text.

National Association of School Psychologists. (2021). 
Comprehensive school-based mental and Behavioral Health Services and school psychologists.
 National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/mental-health/school-psychology-and-mental-health/comprehensive-school-based-mental-and-behavioral-health-services-and-school-psychologists.

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Monique Daniels 

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10 months ago

Yvonne Addo 

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Hi Marissa, thanks for your post, I like your topic very much. Mental health is something that is usually overlooked, much attention is not given to it as it is given to other health problems; However, just like DM, cardiac problems and other health problems, mental health is also a disease of the brain and should receive the same recognition and care as any other disease. There are also so many stigmatizations associated with mental health which prevent people with mental health from seeking for help. According to an article, “People with lived experience of mental illness commonly report feeling devalued, dismissed, and dehumanized by many of the health professionals with whom they come into contact”(Knaak, et al., 2017). The fear of being prejudiced and discriminated against prevents people with mental health to go for treatment when they are sick which leads to psychiatric emergencies (Silva, et al., 2020). I am always happy about anything that protects people with mental health and this bill you talked about will surely be beneficial to the students and will protect their safety.

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References

Knaak, S., Mantler, E., & Szeto, A. (2017). Mental illness-related stigma in healthcare. Healthcare management forum. 
Healthc manage forum. 2017 Mar; 30(2): 111-116. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5347358/

Silva, A. G. D., Baldacara, L., Cavalcante, D. A., Fasanella, N. A., & Palha, A. P. (2020). The impact of mental illness stigma on psychiatric emergencies. Frontiers in psychiatry. 
Front psychiatry. 2020; 11: 573
. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319091/

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10 months ago

CHRIS – PAUL BLAIR 

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As someone who has worked in mental health care, it really is an aspect of overall bodily health that is heavily overlooked. I completely agree that providing mental health services at school for students could be very beneficial in regards to early detection and removing stigma. Having school-aged children myself, there are many concerns that young children may not share with parents so having a resource at school that can help provide professional guidance is a great asset. With COVID regulations and some schools going partially or fully virtual do you think students staying home 24/7 has an impact on their mental health and how would you combat this?

References:

Congress.gov. (2020, September 30). H.R.1109 – 
Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2020.
 Congress.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1109/text.

National Association of School Psychologists. (2021). 
Comprehensive school-based mental and Behavioral Health Services and school psychologists.
 National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/mental-health/school-psychology-and-mental-health/comprehensive-school-based-mental-and-behavioral-health-services-and-school-psychologists.

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Author:
 CHRIS – PAUL BLAIR 
Date:
 Sunday, January 16, 2022 9:41:26 PM EST 
Subject:
 RE: Discussion – Week 7

As someone who has worked in mental health care, it really is an aspect of overall bodily health that is heavily overlooked. I completely agree that providing mental health services at school for students could be very beneficial in regards to early detection and removing stigma. Having school-aged children myself, there are many concerns that young children may not share with parents so having a resource at school that can help provide professional guidance is a great asset. With COVID regulations and some schools going partially or fully virtual do you think students staying home 24/7 has an impact on their mental health and how would you combat this?

References:

Congress.gov. (2020, September 30). H.R.1109 – 
Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2020.
 Congress.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1109/text.

National Association of School Psychologists. (2021). 
Comprehensive school-based mental and Behavioral Health Services and school psychologists.
 National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved December 10, 2021, from https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/mental-health/school-psychology-and-mental-health/comprehensive-school-based-mental-and-behavioral-health-services-and-school-psychologists.

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10 months ago

Melanie Rivers 

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10 months ago

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10 months ago

Janelle McEwen 

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Hello Tamisha, I enjoyed your insightful post. I believe Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act could not have been passed at a better time than in 2021 when healthcare workers confronted major staffing challenges associated with significant consequences (American College of Radiology, 2021). I like that the bipartisan legislation will authorize grants to create programs that offer behavioral health services for front-line health care workers. Besides, it mandates the Department of Health and Human Services to study and recommend strategies to address health care provider burnout and facilitate resiliency; launch a campaign encouraging health care workers to seek assistance when needed; and require the Government Accountability Office to report to Congress on the extent to which federal substance use disorder and mental health grant programs address SUD and mental health conditions among health professionals (American Hospital Association, 2021). The successful advocacy for the passage of the bill by Dr. Lorna Breen highlight our possible role of advocating for our needs both at state and national levels. What do you think?

References

American College of Radiology. (2021, December 9). 
House passes Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act
. https://www.acr.org/Advocacy-and-Economics/Advocacy-News/Advocacy-News-Issues/In-the-Dec-11-2021-Issue/House-Passes-Dr-Lorna-Breen-Health-Care-Provider-Protection-Act

American Hospital Association. (2021, November 17). 
Dr. Lorna Breen Health Care Provider Protection Act advances in House
. https://www.aha.org/news/headline/2021-11-17-dr-lorna-breen-health-care-provider-protection-act-advances-house

 

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Main Post

Nothing is painful than a woman going to have a baby and not returning. For this discussion, the proposed health bill I selected is the Maternal Health Quality Improvement Act of 2020. This bill was proposed on 11/08/2019 and passed to the house on 09/21/2020. The purpose of this bill is to reduce the maternal deaths in American mothers, which is more prevalent in blacks. “In the United States, there is an estimated 700 pregnancy-related deaths per year and 60 percent of these are considered preventable” (Burgess, 2021). This bill is going to put in place evidence-based practices and plans to improve maternal health. It is also to help provide training programs to health professionals on prejudice towards some racial and ethnic groups (blacks, people of color) which affects the quality of maternal health, as well as giving funds to obstetrics in rural areas to decrease morbidity and mortality rate in women (Burgess, 2021).

According to an article, maternal mortality rate is raising high as compared to other high income countries. There are many factors such as cardiovascular problems, hemorrhaging, and overdose among other that contribute to this issue; however, ethnic and racial inequalities play a vital role in this problem. Maternal mortality rate is higher in blacks than it is in white population, “3 to 4 times higher” due to racial inequalities (Collier & Molina, 2019).

This bill is very important and will be very useful. Losing a mother could be very painful, especially leaving a baby and other children behind, and most of these causes of the deaths could be prevented and that is why this bill was proposed. I believe this is an evidence based bill in the sense that, according to Burgess, Indiana is noted to have high maternal mortality rate. Also from 2008 to 2017, Ohio had 59% of pregnancy induced deaths and those deaths could have been prevented (Burgess, 2021).  There are also statics on maternal mortality that still show an increase “The maternal mortality rate increased by 23% from 20.6 maternal deaths per 100, 000 live births in 2008-2009 to 25.4 in 2013-2014 ( MacDorman, et at., 2017). Maternal Health Quality Improvement Act will integrate Mothers and Offspring Mortality and Morbidity Awareness Act (MOMMA’s) which is also to reduce maternal mortality.  With these two together, more lives will be saved during childbirth.

References

Burgess, M. C. (2021). Bipartisan bill to reduce maternal deaths introduced in congress. U.S. house of representatives. 
https://burgess.house.gov/blog/?postid=403300

Congress.gov. (n.d.). 
https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/4995/actions

Collier, A. Y., & Molina, R. L. (2019). Maternal mortality in the United States: Updates on trends, causes, and solutions. 
Neoreviews. 2019 Oct. 20(10): e561-e574
. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5400697/

MacDorman, M. F., Declercq, E., & Thoma, M. E. (2017). Trends in maternal mortality by socio-demographic characteristics and cause of death in 27 States and the district of Columbia. 
Obstet gynecol. 2017 May; 129(5): 811-818.
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5400697/

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10 months ago

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One issue that arises in the discussion of maternal mortality is the lack of representation in congress for Women of Color. Nursing is a diverse profession made up of people from all ethnicities, religions and backgrounds. As nurses we can do our part at the bedside to improve outcomes and decrease maternal mortality. But, How can we work toward improving legislation in this area, as well. What can we do to influence things from a top down approach?

Dr. Mooring

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10 months ago

Tamisha Bass 

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Hi Yvonne,

I enjoyed reading your article and the information you provided on maternal mortality in the United States. I found it disheartening that many pregnancy-related deaths are preventable. Also, that racial and ethnic disparities play a role as well. I reviewed more information on the Mothers and Offspring Mortality and Morbidity Awareness Act or “MOMMA’s” Act mentioned in your discussion. One of the most beneficial benefits of this bill is expanding Medicaid and CHIP coverage for postpartum care from 60 days to a year (Every mother counts, 2022). This has a tremendous impact on access to care for mothers through the postpartum period. “According to Urban Institute research, if every state adopts this new provision, approximately 123,000 uninsured mothers could become newly eligible for Medicaid/CHIP coverage during their infant’s first year” (McMorrow, Haley, & Johnston, 2021). Nurses can be instrumental in advocating for their state to expand Medicaid coverage if they have not done so already. This can only improve postpartum care and mortality for new mothers, specifically women of color.

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References

Every mother counts. (2022). 
THE MOMMA’S ACT. Learn more about ongoing legislative efforts. 
https://everymothercounts.org/policy-and-advocacy/the-mommas-act/

McMorrow, S., Haley, J.M., Johnston, E.M. (2021, March 19). The American Rescue Plan Contains an Evidence-Based Policy Win for New Mothers. Urban Wire: Health and Health Care. https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/american-rescue-plan-contains-evidence-based-policy-win-new-mothers

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10 months ago

Blessing Nnakwu 

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10 months ago

Tricia Fulling 

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Claudia,

The use of medical marijuana is a hot topic of discussion with mixed opinions, especially when it comes to use in pediatric patients. Policymaking is based on both public opinion, evidence-based data, and political agendas. Once Bill 182 was signed into law by Governor Ron Desantis, this comment was offered by Commissioner Nicole Fried in support of the patients who benefit from this treatment:

“Patients should be able to access medicine in the form their doctor determines best for them. Whether it’s smoking medical marijuana or other delivery mechanisms, treatment decisions should be made by physicians, not politicians”(2019).

Although the branches of government that formulate health policy have access to extensive information, data, and research, politics can still get in the way (Milstead & Short, 2019).  A policy may be blocked or repealed if legislature is dominated by one political party and ideological beliefs (Milstead & Short, 2019).

Over the past few years, there has been much talk about the use of marijuana for epilepsy in pediatric patients. According to Detyniecki and Hirsch (2015), there is data showing that two main biologically active cannabinoids—tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)— have anticonvulsant properties in acute seizures and epilepsy. 84% of children, ages 2 to 16 years with treatment resistant epilepsy, saw a reduction in seizure while using CBD enriched cannabis, and their parents reported other positive effects, such as improved alertness and better sleep and mood (Detyniecki & Hirsch, 2015).

More than half of U.S. states, including Florida, have legalized some form of medical marijuana. So far, clinical evidence only supports the use of marijuana in pediatric patients for life-limiting or severely debilitating conditions, such as epilepsy and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (Children’s Hospital Colorado, 2022). More study is still needed to determine if medical marijuana is appropriate for any other pediatric condition.

References

Children’s Hospital Colorado. (2022). Marijuana as medicine. 
https://www.childrenscolorado.org/health-professionals/professional-resources/charting-pediatrics-podcast/medical-marijuana-in-children/

Commissioner Nikki Fried on Signing of Smokable Medical Marijuana Bill. (2019, March 18). 
States News Service
.

Detyniecki, K., & Hirsch, L. (2015). Marijuana use in epilepsy: The myth and the reality. 
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
, 
15
(10), 65. 
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0586-5

Milstead, J.A., & Short, N.M. (2019). 
Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (
6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

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10 months ago

Gabriel Eggleston 

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10 months ago

Blessing Nnakwu 

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I chose to cover the TRIUMPH for New Moms Act of 2021 (S.2779). This bill aims to “coordinate federal programs for maternal mental health and create a national strategic plan for addressing maternal mental health disorders” (Wickramatilake, 2021). More often than not, women who have just delivered a child are expected to be knowledgeable on how to raise a child, and are expected to not feel any other emotion apart from happiness and joy. Dr. Michal Regev (2021) puts it best: The myth of motherhood, or society’s viewpoint of new mothers is that they are expected to feel fulfilled, happy, strong, in tune with their child, or like their life is now complete after they have their child. Virtually the expectation is for all new mothers to be supermom, and this expectation can be especially detrimental to the new mother because it’s unrealistic. Giving birth is an exhausting feat, and not everyone is in tune with their baby’s needs. The mental health of a new mom might also suffer tremendously, and they could fall into severe postpartum depression (PPD) which is more common than people realize. According to Jenna Carberg (2021), “Approximately 70% to 80% of women will experience, at a minimum, the ‘baby blues’”, many of which (~20%) will experience the more severe PPD.

For something that is as commonly experienced as this, the amount of resources, support and education around the mental health disorders new mothers might experience are few and far between. This bill aims to provide support at the federal level for new mothers, as well as bring more light to the issues new moms face so they won’t be suffering in silence. PPD also negatively affects everyone around the new mother, including their child, families and other relationships. Being able to bring awareness to this issue, and provide regular screening and support/resources to help deal with PPD and other mental disorders will enable new mothers the opportunity to heal and get better, and could help us as a society erase the stipulation that all mothers must be supermoms unable to feel sad, distraught, or any other non-happy/joyful feeling.

References

Wickramatilake, S. (2021, Sept. 24). 
Triumph for new moms act introduced in the Senate. 
https://www.mom-congress.com/blog/9/24/2021/triumph-for-new-moms-act-introduced-in-the-senate

Regev, M. (2015, Mar. 29). 
The myth of motherhood: The way unrealistic social expectations of mothers shape their experience. 

The Myth of Motherhood: The Way Unrealistic Social Expectations of Mothers Shape Their Experience

Carberg, J. (2021, June 3). 
Postpartum depression statistics.
 https://www.postpartumdepression.org/resources/statistics/

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10 months ago

Quanza Mooring 
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We are taking a top down look at legislation, but often times, bills start from the bottom-up with grassroots efforts. It is so important for the stakeholders to have a voice in how legislation is written. Do you think the community played a part in how this bill was written? If so, do you think the bill meets their needs?

 

Dr. Mooring

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10 months ago

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10 months ago

Daphne Courts 

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The Men’s Health Awareness and Improvement Act was introduced on November 16, 2021, and referred to the house committee on energy and commerce. No other action has been taken at this time. Men’s health has been a concern for some time. According to the (ODPHP) Office of Prevention and Health Promotion, “men die an average of five years earlier than women.” Healthy People 2030 targets improving men’s health with several topics to focus on. The overall goal is to improve health and well-being for men. The leading causes for death for men include heart disease, cancer, and unintentional injuries.

One of the objectives for men’s health is improving; prostate cancer deaths have decreased from 18.3 deaths per 100,000 males to 18.3 prostates cancer deaths per 100,000 males (ODPHP, 2021). One of the differences in men’s and women’s health is that women are more diligent in getting regular medical care and getting preventive tests done (medline plus, 2021). Men are more likely to use alcohol and tobacco (CDC, 2020).

This bill has fourteen co-sponsors and is a much-needed health issue to be addressed. Both parties in Congress should support this and all other health policies. There is enough evidence to support the need for this policy. Hopefully, the bill will continue to advance. For now, the bill is still in the introduction stage.

 

 

References

 

CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020).

 

https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/mens-health.htm

 

(NIH) National Library of Medicine. (2021). Medline Plus. Men’s Health.

 

https://medlineplus.gov/menshealth.html

 

(ODPHP) Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022). Healthy People 2030.

 

https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/regular-checkups/men-take-charge-your-health

 

 

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10 months ago

Melanie Rivers 

RE: Discussion – Week 7

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Week 7 Discussion
 

The opioid crisis in America has reached epidemic proportions, in 2018 alone more than 68,000 Americans lost their lives to opioid overdoses. The epidemic is largely the fault of pharmaceutical companies that spread misinformation that resulted in physicians overprescribing highly addictive medications (Ayoo et al., 2020).
 

H.R. 2364 is the “Synthetic Opioid Danger Awareness Act.” It was introduced to the House on 4/5/2021 with the purpose of bringing awareness of the dangers of fentanyl and other synthetic opioids (Andy ). The bill requires that government agencies, specifically the CDC must produce an education campaign that will warn of the dangers of synthetic opioids (Summary, 2021).
 

With the rise of fentanyl and fentanyl derivatives coming out of Mexico and China that are mixed with heroin, the U.S and Canada have seen an increase in overdoses. There is an evidence base to support this bill given the number of deaths attributed to overdoses per year. I believe the process should not stop there, we as a nation should also be seeking knowledge that would also take the mental health aspect of addiction into consideration when addressing the nation’s opioid issue.

 

References

Andy , K. (2021, April 5).
 
H.R.2364 – 117th Congress (2021-2022): Synthetic Opioid Danger Awareness Act
. Legislation. Retrieved November 13, 2021, from
 
https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/2364/text?r=5&s=2

Ayoo, K., Mikhaeil, J. S., Huang, A., & Wasowicz, M. (2020, April 27).
 
The Opioid Crisis in North America: facts and future lessons for Europe
. termedia.pl. Retrieved 2021, from
 
https://www.termedia.pl/The-opioid-crisis-in-North-America-facts-and-future-lessons-for-Europe,118,40494,1,1.html

Summary of H.R. 2364: Synthetic Opioid Danger Awareness Act – GovTrack.us
. (2021). GovTrack.us. Retrieved November 13, 2021, from
 
https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/117/hr2364/summary

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9 months ago

Janie Patterson 

RE: Discussion – Week 7

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Hi Melanie,

I do agree with you that we definitely need to keep going trying to prevent this issue of opioid abuse. One good step was making the physicians be held accountable and keeping up with all prescriptions on a nationwide database. I have seen way too many friends and loved ones suffer from addiction of opioids in this country.

Andy , K. (2021, April 5).
 
H.R.2364 – 117th Congress (2021-2022): Synthetic Opioid Danger Awareness Act
. Legislation. https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/2364/text?r=5&s=2

Ayoo, K., Mikhaeil, J. S., Huang, A., & Wasowicz, M. (2020, April 27).
 
The Opioid Crisis in North America: facts and future lessons for Europe
. termedia.pl.
 
https://www.termedia.pl/The-opioid-crisis-in-North-America-facts-and-future-lessons-for-Europe,118,40494,1,1.html

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9 months ago

Janie Patterson 

RE: Discussion – Week 7- Main Post

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Week 7 Main Discussion

I chose the S.2173 — 117th Congress (2021-2022)- Promoting Responsible and Effective Virtual Experiences through Novel Technology to Deliver Improved Access and Better Engagement with Tested and Evidence-based Strategies Act or the PREVENT DIABETES Act. This bill was introduced in Senate (06/22/2021).

This bill requires the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to allow online or virtual diabetes prevention programs that meet standards set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to participate in the Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program Expanded Model. The model provides CDC-approved training on dietary changes, physical activity, and other behavioral strategies for beneficiaries who are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. With the world moving more toward online or virtual methods of communication, especially since COVID-19 pandemic, this is a much-needed program.

Mr. 
Scott 
of South Carolina (for himself, Mr. 
Warner
, Mr. 
Cotton
, Ms. 
Sinema
, Mrs. 
Capito
, Mr. 
Cramer
, Mrs. 
Hyde-Smith
, and Ms. 
Smith
) introduced the following bill: which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance

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With the world moving more and more towards technology advances, online and virtual meetings are becoming more prominent especially since the pandemic of COVID-19. More virtual or “tele” health have came into play in the last few years. This not only allows patients to either stay at home and speak over the phone or through their computer to a physician but also allows physicians to see and treat patients hundreds of miles aways from each other. I think we will see this becoming more and more popular soon.

References

(n.d.). Congress.gov. Retrieved 2022, from 
https:/www.congress.gov

Milstead, J., & Short, N. (2019). 
Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide
 (6th ed.). Burlington,MA: Jones & Barlett Learning.

Telehealth Model. (n.d.). Rural Health Information Hub. Retrieved 2022, from 
https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org

Discussion – Week 7

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Discussion 1: Evidence Base in Design

When politics and medical science intersect, there can be much debate. Sometimes anecdotes or hearsay are misused as evidence to support a particular point. Despite these and other challenges, however, evidence-based approaches are increasingly used to inform health policy decision-making regarding causes of disease, intervention strategies, and issues impacting society. One example is the introduction of childhood vaccinations and the use of evidence-based arguments surrounding their safety.

In this Discussion, you will identify a recently proposed health policy and share your analysis of the evidence in support of this policy.

To Prepare:

Review the Congress website provided in the Resources and identify one recent (within the past 5 years) proposed health policy.

Review the health policy you identified and reflect on the background and development of this health policy.

By Day 3 of Week 7

Post
 a description of the health policy you selected and a brief background for the problem or issue being addressed. Explain whether you believe there is an evidence base to support the proposed policy and explain why. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 7

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues
* on two different days
 by either supporting or respectfully challenging their explanation on whether there is an evidence base to support the proposed health policy they described.

Click on the 
Reply
 button below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on the 
Submit
 button to post your message.

*Note:
 Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.

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10 months ago

Quanza Mooring 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR MANAGER
 

RE: Discussion – Week 7

COLLAPSE

Welcome to Week 7! Can you believe we are over halfway through the course, already?

This week we turn to evidence based nursing practice and evidence based legislation. Consider laws that have been enacted in your area. What were the catalysts for those laws? Was it based in science and research or was the bill introduced because of some emotional reaction to an event. My first thought, as I consider this week’s prompt, is the vaccine debate. There is lots of scientific evidence to support vaccines, and there are some true, deep-rooted, emotional responses, as well. Does one outweigh the other? Should elected officials value science over feelings and beliefs?

CLICK HERE
 to view a video on the vaccination debate from both an emotional and a scientific perspective. If the link doesn’t work, copy and paste the following url into your browser window.

What is the health policy issue you chose this week? Does it have support from the evidence, why or why not?

Here’s to another great week of discussion!

Dr. Mooring

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Baudrillard hyperreality essay

To what extent do we live in hyper-reality? Draw on Baudrillard’s Simulations and use examples from the internet and social media to provide your answer.

Introduction

           
Do we live in a hyper-real world? This is one of the most debated questions in many places across the globe. To begin answering this question or this discussion it would be paramount to define hyperreality. Baudrillard, for instance, argues that hyperreality is some form of social reality whereby reality is simulated or created from models, or even defined by reference to the said models. In other words, it is some form of reality that is generated from ideas. Baudrillard is not alone. Other scholars such as Umbreto Eco assert that hyperreality is some form of “authentic fake” with another scholar known as Peter Sparrow arguing that hyperreality is the “virtual irreality”. In philosophy, reality is known as the state of things that actually exists, as opposed to how they may appear or might be imagined by different people across the globe. However, by the look of things, it appears that the real is being replaced by the not so real at unimaginable speeds. Baudrillard hyperreality essay The pace at which virtual images are adopted and subsequently embraced by the media and the movie industry is an indication that human beings are slowly but surely moving towards a hyper-reality. So what exactly do all the above definitions mean? And do we live in a hyper-real world? This article offers deep insight into this question, especially by making references or drawing on Baudrillard simulations.

Jean Baudrillard: Short Autobiography

           
Jean Baudrillard lived from 1929 to 2007. He was a French Philosopher in addition to being a cultural analyst starting his academic life as a Marxist sociologist and deeply interested in the consumer society. He is regarded as one of the most controversial philosophers whose main ideas and concepts have for long been used to comprehend the effect of living in a postmodern environment that is with us today. His main argument was that as of today, we live in a world of simulations characterized by a distorted sense of reality or hyperreality as he referred it to.

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It was during the 1980s and 90s that Baudrillard moved or rather turned away significantly from structuralism and Marxism to post-structuralism. He somehow transformed to become the high priest of postmodern culture. Baudrillard seem fascinated by how the media has affected the perception of people’s reality and the world. In his conclusions, he argued that the postmodern media-laden condition, people experience something he referred to as “the death of the real”. He argued that as of today, human beings live their lives in the realm of hyperreality, connecting or finding a relationship more and more to deeply things such as music videos, television sitcoms, virtual reality games, Disneyland, or simply things that merely copy or tend to simulate reality. So, was Baudrillard right in his assertions that we live in a hyper-real world? Baudrillard hyperreality essay By looking or closely examining current trends, it seems that Baudrillard was right in his arguments that individuals are living in hyper-reality, especially in this modern age of ours.

The World As We Know It

           
Looking at latest trends happening today, it is undoubtedly right that to some extent, human beings are gravitating towards hyper-reality. Baudrillard suggests that the media can now go ahead and create a number of idealistic representations of reality that are turning out or outperforming actual reality. A closer examination of this statement reveals that a significant percentage of what the media is engaged with lately is outperforming reality through the creation of idealistic representations. The media is not alone. A lot of the movies we see today seem to be blurring reality and so are television sitcoms just to mention but a few.

Today, nearly everywhere we go, we seem to be bombarded with a whole lot of images, adverts and logos that are all geared towards conveying a message to us, making attempts to appeal to a certain side of human beings. According to Baudrillard, a significant percentage of such images blur both reality and imagination, incorporating or bringing forth a world mixed of the two. For example, a visit to the city of Las Vegas is highly likely to leave one fascinated but utterly confused at the same time. If one gets a chance of visiting the Venetian Resort, he or she will most likely understand why reality seem to be blurred based on the fact that the Venetian Resort, is a hotel that imitates the Italian city of Venice, to the extent of Venice’s famous canals becoming some of the Resort’s main artificial features. This is an apt example of hyperreality that is here with us today Baudrillard hyperreality essay.

Jean Baudrillard postulated that as of today, human beings live in a world of simulations and some form of artificialness. He goes on to say that the impacts or effects of living in a world characterized by simulations and artificialness are a distorted sense of the real things. Baudrillard, in his book, ‘Simulacra and Simulation’ also took Disneyland arguing it becomes a perfect world where chances of dreams becoming reality is high and therefore by indulging ourselves in this imaginary world, human beings are able to escape the realities that are present in the real world. As noted earlier, Baudrillard is known to have been a controversial figure. In one of his writings titled, ‘The Gulf War did not take place’ Baudrillard suggests that the media did set the agenda on the narrative war- arguing that the war which many did see on TV failed to match the real events.

Baudrillard does not stop there. He goes on and on to try and prove that the world is embracing nearly all aspects of hyperreality at unprecedented speeds. To him, reality has somehow transformed to become a cybernetic game that was left behind, with individuals failing to notice it until now. As of now, it seems hard deducing former reality from hyperreality, and majority of people would fail to notice if reality returns. It must be noted that Baudrillard does not suggest when this loss happened, though it can be deduced fairly easy from his work.

In hyperreality, as propounded by Baudrillard, simulators work on making reality coincide with their models of simulation resulting in something unreal. For instance, looking at production, one can simply attest that it is now primarily virtual made of unreal circulation of values. Movies and television sitcoms consist of a larger percentage of what can be termed as hyper-reality content or material that does not represent any form of reality at all.

Going back to the onset of Baudrillard “postmodern” phase, Baudrillard begins one of his important essays also known as ‘The Precession of Simulacra’ by recounting the feat of the initial map-makers in a story by Luis Borge who made a map so detailed and large that it covered the whole empire, that existed in a one-to-one relationship with the underlying territory. Baudrillard hyperreality essay The map designed is a perfect replica of the empire. However, after a while, the map begins showing some signs of fray and tatters with the citizens of the empire beginning to mourn its loss. As it appears, by designing a new replica of the map, Baudrillard asserts that the real or initial territory has turned into what he terms as, ‘desert of the real.’ In other words, in the maps’ place, a simulation or rather simulacrum of reality has taken place and the frayed mega-map is all that is left behind.

Closely related to the above, it is important to note that the term ‘simulacrum’ as used by Baudrillard dates back to Plato, who used the term to describe a false copy or identification of something. Baudrillard has gone ahead and built his whole post 1970s theory or beliefs of media effects and cultural aspects around his own notion or beliefs of the simulacrum. According to him, a postmodern culture that is dominated by increased social media use, films, TVs, and the internet has led to the destruction of real things. All that is left are simulations of real things, which by examining them closely are not anymore less ‘real’ than the type of reality they simulate.

As Baudrillard puts it, in our culture, individuals take “maps” of things that appear real such as films and television among others as more real as opposed to the actual lives that people live in. Baudrillard seem saddened by the fact that that television “friends” such as sit-com characters seem more real or alive to the larger population as opposed to their flesh-and-blood equivalents. This is even made more real based on the fact that a lot of individuals are lately communicating via e-mail or other social media sites, a trend that is not short of encouraging acts of simulation.

It is at this juncture that Baudrillard later philosophy of culture seem to have been mapped in terms of three important aspects: first, the orders of simulacra, image phases, and the three phases of utopian and aspects of science fiction writing that he regarded to be corresponding to the three phases and orders.

First, on grounds or aspects of the orders of simulacra Baudrillard argues that there is the symbolic order, the first, second and third order. Under the symbolic order, the society is organized as more of a fixed system of signs that are distributed based on rank and obligation. Here, the question of reality does not arise as the meanings of signs are already established in advance by the creator. Under the first order, a competition for the meaning of signs begins with simulacra working on restoring the ideal image of nature.

The second order of simulacra is characterized by mass production of replicas or copies of a single prototype. Reproduced things are more of the real as their prototypes with achiness mainly used. Lastly, the third order of simulacra is more of the present age that is dominated by a significant number of simulations or things that lack originality or prototype. This is an era characterized by instances of genetic engineering, virtual reality, computers, and opinion polls just to mention but a few.

Apart from the orders of the simulacra, there are the Phases of the Image, characterized by aspects of art. First, art reflects a basic reality such as gothic paintings depicting the birth of Jesus, replete with signs of divinity. Secondly, art makes and seem to pervert a basic reality, such as baroque paintings of an impossibly beautiful Jesus making his ascension to heaven, just like Superman. Here, art seems to display or marks the absence of reality at all. In fact, according to Baudrillard, art bears no relations to aspects of reality at all. He provides an example of virtual reality female reading head news lines to the larger population? Is that fake or real? This question seems to have lost meaning completely.

Lastly, Baudrillard addresses the subject of utopias and science fiction arguing that there is no need of promoting science fiction or writing. According to him, the utopian order is in existence here and now. Moreover, he argues that utopias should not be given a chance incase people desire for reality arguing that if people got everything right, then life would be beautiful. Third, Baudrillard argues that as of now, the classic science-fiction of the age of mass production such as robots that are made to explore mars, alien invasion, space exploration, and intergalactic wars among others are here with us, thereby distorting reality.

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Lastly, Baudrillard argues that the end of science fiction, whereby the real is absorbed into hyperreal and cybernetic world is taking place. However, in short, Baudrillard claims that as of now, human beings are living in “desert of the real,” or more of a cultural space where aspects of film, television, and computer images are taken or perceived as more “real” as opposed to the non-media physical reality that surrounds human beings. According to him, this loss of the real things or reality is not so difficult to comprehend, even if it seems difficult for us to accept it. Jean Baudrillard ideas depict themselves through three related ideas mentioned below.

Fascination and fashion

           
According to Baudrillard, nearly all spheres tend to be directed towards the model of fashion and the communication of signs. To him, fashion is the absorption of past signs in the same manner machines absorb past labor. According to him, the consumption of nearly all forms of fashion draws on the endless revival of past cultural forms as empty signs. Fashion is more attractive or beautiful than what is beautiful, since the model is truer than the true. It is for this reason that Baudrillard terms them as fascinating based on the fact that they result in giving rise to a particular ecstatic experience that arises from their excesses.

Baudrillard argues that such fascinating images tend to deter the true and real things or images. Information in the age of the internet, for instance, is ecstatic based on the fact that there is a lot of it out there. Nearly all forms of cultural media are being absorbed into advertising, meaning that there is some triumph of form as opposed to substance. The manner in which things are presented is such that the surface effaces and subsequently covers up any likelihood of a possible depth. According to Baudrillard, advertising tends to destroy intensities while accelerating some form of inertia.

Simulations of reality are all around. It is evident in the current cultural condition of consumerism where the reliance of sign value is of high importance. For example, the Levi or Rolex watches may be perceived as being fashionable and an indication of a person’s wealth respectively. However, it should not be forgotten that the jeans and the watch itself are objects of little value, but rather a huge status symbol associated with them is how human beings derive value. Through the advertisement of different brands, people’s consciousness is somehow tricked into believing that additional value needs to be accorded based on the simulation of reality that certain goods or products have been associated Baudrillard hyperreality essay.

Implosion      

           
According to Baudrillard, there comes a time when power tends to occupy empty places of power, thereby appearing obscene, ridiculous and impure, eventually resulting into some form of collapse. This, according to Baudrillard, is implosion. Here, he sees the whole system coming crushing down from within. Here, the system seems to be no longer expanding and collapsing in upon itself based on the fact that it has reached its culmination point. The increasing density of simulations is destroying the system and implosion is swallowing all the energy of the real.

Implosion comes about from the destruction of reality-effect and meaning based on the procession of simulacra. The biggest problem here is that signs require a separate reality for it to refer to something, thereby functioning as signs. In the modern regime of simulation that we have, Baudrillard argues that social realities are generated from signs and a couple of models that precede them. This model creates the “real”, the message and the medium all at once. Therefore, reality separate from the regime is either denied, destroyed, eventually incorporated. This make the signs to stop making reference to anything thereby creating a total system of meaning, with its meaningfulness destroyed.

According to Baudrillard, the same issue applies or is happening with all aspects ranging from politics, art, and fashion with the problem being structural in nature. Baudrillard hyperreality essay Once the system has reached its saturation point, it begins crumbling on itself leading to some form of inertia. According to Baudrillard, global cities are slowly crumbling, eating past social meanings and phenomena. To him, they are entire functional zones that are arranged around sites such as massive supermarkets, transport networks, and shopping centres.

Functions of the media

           
Baudrillard portrays the media as playing a number of roles. To him, the media juxtaposes disorder and some form of disaster as shown in most TV shows ranging from action films, police-camera-reality-shows, dramas, and documentaries among others, to the system’s ideal of order that are shown in adverts that come in between.

The media also inject individuals with some sort of mediated violence that keeps fatality at bay through displaying its signs. Baudrillard asserts that this vaccine covers up the real fragility of consumerism. In short, the media works toward distorting the reality and presenting some form of fiction or unreal spectacle. Media technologies, according to Baudrillard, alter how readers and viewers think. Both the viewers and readers are made to unconsciously decode stories, thereby internalizing the codes that are far away from realities.

The media represents a simulation of an artificial and hyperreal world. A significant number of audiences read the hyperreal representations as reality with Baudrillard arguing that through the media and social sites, what is real is distorted to the extent of creating some form of magical communication devoid of real issues or happenings.

Conclusions

           
According to Baudrillard, we live in a hyper-real world. Based on what is happening today where simulations of things that are real are slowly becoming more authentic making individuals it difficult to distinguish what is real and what is unreal, it is undeniable that we are living in a hyper-real society. Looking at media content, movies, and television sitcoms, it is evident that reality is being replaced by hyper-real or the not so real context. As mentioned earlier, real life examples of this can be drawn by looking at the concept of meditated reality that is attempting to take over and subsequently alter an individual’s view of reality through the use of latest technologies such as computers and other technological equipments that have been invented. In fact, as mentioned earlier through the Disneyland example, it is apparent that interactive technology is being used to or may allow individuals alter their surrounding landscape in a manner that it appears more living. As Baudrillard puts it, simulations are taking shape with a distortion of reality being the main issue adopted by a lot of media companies and other entertainment sites. Simulated versions bring more value and meaning to us than the original and this is the reason as to why Baudrillard asserts that we live in a hyper-reality society Baudrillard hyperreality essay.

Discussion: Examining Nursing Specialties

Sonya Spellman

Department of Nursing, Walden University

NURS 6003C: Transition to Graduate Study

     My chosen specialty is the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner program. I have worked in the behavioral health/psychiatric setting for several years. I have seen how patients with mental healthcare needs have been able to return to functioning members of their families and communities when they have access to quality mental health services. This is my biggest motivation for wanting to become a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I have seen firsthand the benefits of patients receiving the care they need. For example, I worked with a mother of 4 who was going to lose custody of her children. She was unable to stay employed and take care of her children due to auditory and visual hallucinations. I worked for a company where we managed and administered her medications. After consistently receiving mental health services. She retained custody of her children and returned to work.

     I want to be able to provide these services in my community. Since the area, I live in is rural and most of the community is low-income. I really see a need for more mental health care services. About two-thirds of primary care physicians (PCPs) reported in 2004-05 that they could not get outpatient mental health services for patients at a rate that was at least twice as high as that for other services (Cunningham, 2009).

     The difficulty that I had in making my decision for the specialty was choosing between the FNP or PMHNP program. Today healthcare is being approached from a holistic point of view. There has been a move toward integrating behavioral health and medical services (Correll et al, 2011). I eventually decided to focus on mental health due to my strong background in mental health.  And to meet the needs of patients. I plan is to develop a network of primary care providers to meet the needs and have a positive effect on my community.

     NAMI or the National Alliance on Mental Illness is the nation’s largest mental health organization dedicated to building better lives for Americans affected by mental illness. (NAMI, n.d.).  Membership for NAMI requires the creation of a free account or by joining the national, state, or local level. The choices for membership are a fee of sixty dollars per household, forty dollars for regular membership, or five dollars for an open-door membership for an individual, all on a yearly basis (NAMI, n.d.).

References

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Correll,Correll,  J. A., Cantrell, P., & Dalton, W. T., III. (2011). Integration of behavioral health services in a primary care clinic serving rural Appalachia: Reflections on a clinical experience. Families, Systems, & Health, 29(4), 291–302. 
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026303

             Cunningham, P. J. (2009). Beyond Parity: Primary Care Physicians’ Perspectives On Access To Mental Health Care. Health Affairs, 28, w490–w501. 
https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.28.3.w490

             NAMI. (n.d.). Who we are? National Alliance on Mental Illness. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from: 
https://www.nami.org/About-NAMI

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9 months ago

Teresa Woody 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Stephanie Kachin 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 2- Sonya

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Hi Sonya,

    Thanks for sharing your experiences as a mental health nurse and sharing your future goals. I agree this sounds like an excellent specialty to choose. Studies have shown a national shortage of mental health care providers (Jones, 2018). Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners can  more likely practice and bill independently and treat mental health and substance abuse disorders (Jones, 2018). Other benefits for psychiatric NP’s include providing mental health services in various settings and caring for patients in all age groups (Balestra, 2018). Roles include diagnosing mental health conditions, providing therapy, and prescribing medication as needed (Balestra, 2018). Thanks again for sharing your experiences.

References

Balestra, M. (2018). Liability Risks for Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners. 
The Journal of Nurse 
Practitioners
, 14(9), 
671-676, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2018.08.003

Jones, E. (2018). Practice Characteristics of Nurse Practitioners in Mental Health and Psychiatric Settings, 
Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 32(4), 
599-603, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2018.03.012

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9 months ago

Stephanie Kachin 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 2- Sonya

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9 months ago

Jamie Shoemaker 

RE: Discussion – Week 10-reply 1

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Hi Sonya!
 

I really enjoyed your post. About 10 years ago I was a diehard psychology major. I went all the way into getting my bachelor’s and life happened. Unfortunately, I could not see it through due to my own mental health issues. Once I was able to get things together, I realized that mental health needs to be addressed as early as possible when the signs are there. Mental health goes unnoticed so often in the healthcare field because no one wants to put forth the effort it takes. Mental health is never a quick fix. These patients live with it, sometimes running their lives for them. I work in a low-income rural area where mental health is not treated as it should be. There are not enough resources to help the substantial number of people that are affected. 
 

Did you know as of 2016 there are around 222,000 nurse practitioners but only 2.4 percent are specialized in mental health
 (Regis College Online, 2021). One in five struggles with mental health issues statistics according to the American Psychiatric Nurses Association
 (Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing – Psychiatric Nursing, 2021). In the burn center where I work, out of 18 rooms, 16 of those patients have a schizophrenic history that has been left un-medicated. Most of the time these patients must be sedated more heavily than the other patients because of their tolerance to the medications. It usually takes putting their medications through a gastric tube for five to seven days to get a decent baseline of how they normally are when they have their medications onboard. 
 

Every single burn that comes in from a mental health population is self-inflicted due to some type of hallucination or general self-harm thoughts. These patients require delicate care throughout their stay. Burn patients require a different level of care and a patient not being in their right state of mind makes it dangerous. Mental health nursing will always have a place in my heart. No matter what field you go into with nursing, there will always be mental health challenges. Every nurse should have baseline knowledge to advocate for these patients. I am happy for you in your journey into this field. The world needs more psychiatric nurse practitioners. Good luck to you and your journey!
 

 

Resources

 

Regis College Online. (2021, October 31). The High Importance and Demand of Psychiatric Nurses. https://online.regiscollege.edu/blog/high-importance-demand-psychiatric-nurses-2/
 

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing – Psychiatric Nursing. (2021, March 18). APNA. https://www.apna.org/about-psychiatric-nursing/
 

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9 months ago

Mckenzey Bowers 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hi Sonya, 

I enjoyed reading your post. Your story about the mother of 4 was so refreshing to read, and it just shows your passion for this specialty. I think that making the ultimate choice to stay with with mental health was a good one, given your background, but also you can truly see your heart is in this field, simply through this post alone. 

I, too, live in a small, rural area where there is a great need for mental health services. According to the CDC (2021), more than 50% of people will be diagnosed with some sort of mental illness in their lifetime. “
Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. It accounts for the loss of more than 41,000 American lives each year, more than double the number of lives lost to homicide” (MentalHealth.gov, 2017). It is refreshing to know that there are people out there like you that want to truly help those battling with their mental health.

References

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021). About Mental Health. Retrieved February 2, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/learn/index.htm

MentalHealth.gov. (2017). Mental Health Myths and Facts. Retrieved February 2, 2022, from https://www.mentalhealth.gov/basics/mental-health-myths-facts

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9 months ago

Amber Williams 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Kylene Benedetto 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Quenia Alfrenard 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Blessing Nnakwu 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hey Sonya,

I also practice in mental and behavioral health, and nothing brings me more joy than to see a patient make a life changing comeback while within our facility. Like you, I also wish to provide these services to those around me because I feel as though with the various presentations of mental illnesses, such as eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression vs constant stress from our ever-changing society, the difference between poor mental health and mental illness seems to be blurred (Healthdirect, 2020).

Nearly one in five U.S. adults live with a mental illness, making it very common according to the NIH (National Institute of Mental Health, 2022). Despite this, almost half of those with it are not getting the treatment needed (Ellis, 2019). Mental illnesses can range from “mild” to very severe, but all need to be addressed and treated.

References

Healthdirect. (2020). 
Types of Mental Illnesses. 
https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/types-of-mental-illness

Ellis, M. (2019, March 2). 
The real cost of untreated mental illness in America.
 https://www.constellationbehavioralhealth.com/blog/the-real-cost-of-untreated-mental-illness-in-america/

National Institute of Mental Health (2022, Jan). 
Mental Illness.
 
https
://
www
.
nimh
.
nih
.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness#:~:text=Mental%20illnesses%20are%20common%20in,mild%20to%20moderate%20to%20severe.

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9 months ago

Christine Hoffmann 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Week 10 Initial Discussion Post

For my specialty within the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) program, I have chosen the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) program. Mental health nursing was what captured my interest in nursing school and lead to my most memorable clinical experiences. It came quite naturally, as I was raised in a family littered with mental health and substance abuse issues. During this clinical rotation, I became well aware that I could make a difference in lives of others, much like those who had struggled in my family. Since graduating with my BSN, I have worked in a high-security forensic psychiatric setting. I have witnessed severe mental illness and have so much compassion for the field in which I have chosen. In addition, I have lived in rural Missouri all of my life and even in my workplace we have struggled with lack of providers to give care to our patients. Mental health issues are compounded in rural settings where there are a lack of providers to meet the needs of the community (Finley, 2019).

The International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses (ISPN) is a professional organization affiliated with my specialty. It was formed in the late 1990s after the unity of four psychiatric nursing organizations.  To join, you must fill out an online application form and pay a fee of $150 a year ($35 a year for a student). The membership period is  July 1 through June 30
 
(
International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses
, n.d.).

            While choosing this path was easy for me, I have met resistance from my employer who has requested that I instead choose the Nursing Informatics track. Nursing informatics integrates nursing science with information and analytical sciences (American Nurses Association, 2015). My place of employment is currently seeking a new electronic charting system and having a nurse with a degree in Nursing Informatics would be beneficial to selecting and implementation of the new program. However, while I have always been “tech saavy,” I do not find interest in the information technology sector and feel as if this track would not be a good fit for me.

References

American Nurses Association. (2015). 
Nursing informatics: Scope and standards of practice 
(2nd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Author.

Finley, B. A. (2019). Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners meeting rural mental health challenges. 
Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association
, 
26
(1), 107839031988635. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390319886357

International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses
. (n.d.). Ispn.memberclicks.net. https://ispn.memberclicks.net/index.php?option=com_mcform&view=ngforms&id=32723#/

ISPN History
. (n.d.). Www.ispn-Psych.org. Retrieved January 28, 2022, from https://www.ispn-psych.org/ispn-history

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
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9 months ago

Christine Hoffmann 

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9 months ago

Jamie Shoemaker 

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Crystal Lewis 
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Jamie Shoemaker 

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9 months ago

Janie Patterson 

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9 months ago

Mariah Quero 

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9 months ago

Sonya Spellman 

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
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9 months ago

Rex Boyson Olpoc 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 2 to Mariah

COLLAPSE

Hello Mariah,

Interesting post on your responsibility as a dialysis RN and your plan of pursuing an unusual specialization which is the AGPCNP. You have valid reasons why you need to go for that specialization. This track suits you since in the future, you will take care of adolescents, young adult, and older adults who are fragile and sickly. According to the Adult-Gerontology NP Competencies Work Group (2016), AGPCNP will provide preventative, chronic, and acute care, with emphasis on continuous, chronic care to adult and gerontological patients, thus including well, at-risk, and still healthy patients.

There are a lot of benefits in joining a professional nursing organization. According to Echevarria (2018), professional development and career growth are two of the six important reasons why one must sign up for membership in professional nursing organizations. Being a member of ANNA will open doors of opportunities to increase one’s knowledge and competence that manifest current evidence-based practices pertaining to the care of patients with or at risk of kidney diseases, thus contributing to his or her professional development. In addition, ANNA may help one’s career grow by providing career development tools like CV writing or mock interview and provide platforms for members to post their credentials so that potential employers can look. In short, a nurse’s selected professional network might help him or her to be more marketable.

BUY A PLAGIARIM-FREE PAPER HERE

Again, great post and may God bless you as you achieve your academic and professional goals in life.

References

Adult-Gerontology NP Competencies Work Group. (2016). 
Adult-gerontology acute care and primary care NP competencies.
 https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.nonpf.org/resource/resmgr/competencies/NP_Adult_Geri_competencies_4.pdf

Echevarria, I. (2018). Make connections by joining a professional nursing organization. 
Nursing, 48
(12), 35–38. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000547721.84857.cb

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9 months ago

Kylene Benedetto 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hi Mariah,

I really enjoyed reading your post and thank you for sharing your experiences. It’s really amazing all of the different specialty areas you can go in to with an advanced nursing degree, particularly as an Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (AGPCNP). I never would have thought about specializing in nephrology, but it sounds like it’s a field that is close to your heart and that I was an easy decision. According to the American Nephrology Nurses Association (n.d.), a nephrology nurse cares for individual across the lifespan, and it sounds like your choice of working as an AGPCNP will fill this role. Have you thought about what type of clinical setting you would want to work in? Great job with your post and I wish you all the luck in your journey.

Kylene

References:

American Nephrology Nurses Association. (n.d.). 
The nephrology nursing specialty – background information. 
Retrieved February 4, 2022, from https://www.annanurse.org/professional-development/practice/scope-of-practice/background-information

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9 months ago

Amber Williams 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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The master’s specialty that I chose to pursue is FNP (Family Nurse Practitioner). Nurse Practitioners are key to addressing the current and future shortage in health care, according to the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. In choosing this academic path I was conflicted. Ive only been a nurse for 2.5 years but I knew before graduating with my BSN that I wanted more for my career. I started out wanting to be a CNM but after working in labor and delivery and seeing the scope of practice and their strenuous schedules that a CNM entails I knew that wasn’t the path i wanted to take. I still very much enjoy my job and would love to continue my journey within Womens Health. I enjoy taking care of pregnant women and also their newborns for the first few hours of life. I would love to stay within that area of practice somehow. When applying for my masters I also did want to have some versatility in choosing what type of job I intend to take, without having return back to school. My intentions are also to find a job more flexible with hours to spend more time with my children.

The AANP (American Association Nurse Practitioner) is an organization I could be involved in once becoming a nurse practitioners. To join is simple, just have to have completed the program and pay a 150.00 annual fee. The benefits include meetings, email subscription newsletters and so much more.

 

American Association of Nurse Practicioners (2014). Retrieved from 
https://aanp.org

Finneran, J. M., & Kreye, J. M. (2021). Empowering the novice family nurse practitioner: Promoting readiness to practice through immersion in an innovative educational strategy. 
Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
, 
33
(5), 383–390. https://doi.org/10.1097/JXX.0000000000000336

Ramira, M. L., Peraza-Smith, G. B., McLeod, R., & Clark, M. J. (2018). Challenges, Barriers, and Satisfiers of Foreign Educated Physicians with the Family Nurse Practitioner Role in the United States. 
Journal of Cultural Diversity
, 
25
(1), 12–22.

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9 months ago

Christine Hoffmann 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Week 10, Response 1

Hi Amber!
 I respect your decision in choosing the Family Nurse Practitioner track rather than the CNM track. The use of Certified Nurse Midwives leads to better access and positive health outcomes amongst mothers and babies, but their use is an under-researched topic due to political limitations (Mattison et al., 2020). I have personally used the services of a Women’s Health Nurse Practitioner (WHNP) for the last five of my eight children and have experienced excellent care and treatment. WHNPs provide gynecologic, obstetric, sexual, and reproductive health care for women from puberty and through post-menopausal care
 
(
National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women’s Health white paper: The essential role of Women’s Health Nurse Practitioners
, 2020). Over the last decade, I have grown quite the relationship with my WHNP who has followed me through several complicated and high-risk pregnancies. There are several different fields that you can pursue as a nurse practitioner in the OB and pediatrics related fields and the Family Nurse Practitioner is broad enough to cover many options.

References

Mattison, C. A., Lavis, J. N., Wilson, M. G., Hutton, E. K., & Dion, M. L. (2020). A critical interpretive synthesis of the roles of midwives in health systems. 
Health Research Policy and Systems
, 
18
(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00590-0

National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women’s Health white paper: The essential role of Women’s Health Nurse Practitioners
. (2020). https://www.npwh.org/lms/filebrowser/file?fileName=NPWH%20White%20Paper%20The%20Essential%20Role%20of%20WHNPs%20final%207.13.2020.pdf

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9 months ago

Mckenzey Bowers 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Christy Elmore 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 1

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Kylene Benedetto 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Week 10 Discussion Post

            I always knew I wanted to work in the mental health field, but my path to the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) program was not direct. I initially planned on becoming a psychologist, but after many discussions with a PMHNP that I worked with I saw the value in changing course. According to Chapman et al. (2018), there is an increased demand for PMHNPs as the number of psychiatrists has been steadily declining. Research shows that PMHNPs provide similar care as psychiatrists including diagnostic assessment, psychotherapy, and medication management, and that the care they provide is equal in quality and positive patient outcomes (Chapman et al., 2018).

            Although I was confident in my decision to become a PMHNP, I was met with some challenges along the way. When I graduated from nursing school, the graduate program I planned to attend closed their PMHNP program. Because I do not have my BSN, but a bachelor’s in another field, I had limited options at the time. I started a graduate program to become a primary care nurse practitioner with the idea to then get my certification as a PMHNP, but I wasn’t happy in the program and soon left it. Since starting at Walden, I have felt very confident in my decision to continue my education and finally pursue this degree.

            One professional organization that will be helpful as I work towards and practice as a PMHNP is the American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA). The APNA is a resource for psychiatric nurses at all levels and provides not only resources and current research, but also offers opportunities to network and collaborate with other psychiatric nursing professionals (APNA, n.d.a). You can join the APNA either online, by mail, or by phone, and there are discounts for students, retired nurses, and active-duty military personnel (APNA, n.d.b). Membership in a professional nursing organization is essential for nurses to continue to develop their skills and practice and serves as an important gateway into advocacy for the patient and community (APNA, n.d.a).

 

References

American Psychiatric Nurses Association. (n.d.a). 
About apna.
 Retrieved January 29, 2022, from 

About APNA

American Psychiatric Nurses Association. (n.d.b). 
Rates and how to join or renew.
 Retrieved January 29, 2022, from https://www.apna.org/membership/join-or-renew/

Chapman, S. A., Phoenix, B. J., Hahn, T. E., & Strod, D. C. (2018). Utilization and economic contribution of psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners in public behavioral health services. 
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 54
(6), S243-S249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.045

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9 months ago

Claudy Jean Gilles 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hello Kylene,

In my opinion, It is the best move to start the PMHNP program, Lots of people need help with their mental issues. And membership is also important, it is an opportunity to know more about this specialty. This networking opportunity will give you a lot of insight into the Mental health program and the ups and downs and opportunities to be a volunteer. You will have enough skills to promote well-being through prevention and education, in addition to the assessment, diagnosis, care, and treatment of mental health and substance use disorders. And also as a volunteer mental health nurse, you will have the possibility to have a strong therapeutic relationship with the individuals.

 

References:

American Psychiatric Nurses Association. (n.d.b). 
Rates and how to join or renew.
 Retrieved January 29, 2022, from 

Rates & How to Join or Renew

American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). (2021). Membership. Retrieved February 1, 2022, from 
https://www.aanp.org/membership

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9 months ago

Tricia Fulling 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Quenia Alfrenard 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hi, Quenia,

What does the  
APNA 
signify to you? Should you include your professional affiliation in your resume and/or CV?

Good post!

Dr. Lewis

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9 months ago

Caspertine Johnson 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

I chose Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Certification to add to my list of credentials for both personal and professional insight. My personal desire is to gain more information and understanding of psychiatric conditions (Castillo, 2019). Adding this certification to my professional profile will add to job security and the ability to be versatile in practice.

Difficulties that I have encountered are time management and maintaining my dedication to the completion of the program (
Ghiasvand, Naderi, Tafreshi, Ahmadi & Hosseini, 2017). I often must refer to my personal and professional reasons for starting the program as motivation to finish. Over the years I have found it difficult to participate in additional activities and organizations.

I currently am a member of the American Nurses Association and Georgia Nurses Association. I am currently looking to join additional organizations. I hope to benefit from resources and networking with 
others. Consideration of the organizations’ mission statement will offer insight into the ones that are the best fit (Echevarria, 2018).

 

                                                                                          References

Castillo, E. G., Ijadi-Maghsoodi, R., Shadravan, S., Moore, E., Mensah, M. O., 3rd, Docherty, M., Aguilera Nunez, M. G., Barcelo, N., Goodsmith, N., Halpin, L. E., Morton, I., Mango, J., Montero, A. E., Rahmanian Koushkaki, S., Bromley, E., Chung, B., Jones, F., Gabrielian, S., Gelberg, L., Greenberg, J. M., … Wells, K. B. (2019). Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity. Current psychiatry reports, 21(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1017-0

Echevarria, Ilia, PhD, MS, RN, CCRN-K & NEA-BC, CENP. (2018). Make connections by joining a professional nursing organization. Nursing, 48, 35-38. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000547721.84857.cb

Ghiasvand, A. M., Naderi, M., Tafreshi, M. Z., Ahmadi, F., & Hosseini, M. (2017). Relationship between time management skills and anxiety and academic motivation of nursing students in Tehran. Electronic physician, 9(1), 3678–3684. https://doi.org/10.19082/3678

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
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RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hi, Caspertine,

How do you plan to continue networking, after graduation? Nursing associations are great way to start!

Good  post!

Dr. Lewis

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9 months ago

Caspertine Johnson 

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Professor,

Great question! I plan to attend job fairs, career luncheons and potential Walden Alumni events (Crawford, 2019). I often have heard great influential leaders say it’s not always what you know but who you know.

 

Crawford, H. (2019). How to Network After College. U.S. News and World Report. https://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/articles/how-to-network-after-college

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9 months ago

Christy Elmore 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 2

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Hello Caspertine!

I think Mental Health is a specialty area that is very much in need of additional practitioners, and I applaud you for pursuing this step in your professional journey.  I feel I can relate to the hardships you have encountered along the way regarding time management.  I am a mother of four and have worked two jobs a large part of my nursing career.  I planned to start pursuing the MSN program long before now but kept waiting until I thought I would have more time.   Before I knew it, twenty years had elapsed and I found I’m still just as busy, just in different ways. 

I am a family person, and I don’t like to miss anything so it’s hard sometimes to create an effective balance between work, school, and family. A study I researched found that when essential grounds for improving time management skills are set, students are not only more able to be successful in planning ahead but have an overall increase in life satisfaction and communication skills (Demirdag, 2020). 

A professional organization I investigated is the AANP.  This organization allows you to join as a student and begin utilizing the benefits such as professional support in the era we are currently in, as well as networking opportunities, access to journals, and many other resources (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2021).  I feel tactics like; improving our time management skills and utilizing AANP as an additional support system, are additional methods we can use to promote our success in becoming the practitioners we desire to be.  I wish you all the best on your journey!

References
 

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2021). AANP Member Benefits. 
https://www.aanp.org/membership/member-benefits

Demirdag, S. (2020, November 30). 
The mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between time management and communication skills.
 Educational Administration: Theory & Practice. Retrieved February 6, 2022, from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1291004

 

 

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9 months ago

Caspertine Johnson 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response 2

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Christy

Thank you for your response. I am active in AANP as well. Currently, I have used it most notably for becoming licensed. It offers many resources for such (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2021). The most insight I have gained since graduating is the people that have helped me along the way. Mostly preceptors and trainers who can identify with the common issues encountered being “new” or “just starting”. My hope is that I will be fortunate enough to pay it forward!

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2021). AANP Member Benefits. https://www.aanp.org/membership/member-benefits

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9 months ago

Mckenzey Bowers 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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The specialty I chose within the Master of Science in Nursing program is Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP). I have been a nurse for a few years now, where I have solely worked in the women’s center, consisting of labor and delivery, postpartum, and the newborn intensive care unit (I float between all three units); however, for as long as I can remember, I have always wanted to be a pediatric nurse practitioner. It wasn’t until just recently I changed my mind and made the decision to do FNP. Nevertheless, I do intend on specializing in pediatrics after I get my FNP degree. As difficult as it was to do family instead of pediatrics, I made this decision because I did not want to get “stuck” in the pediatric field if I later determined that I didn’t like it. “FNPs provide primary care for patients at all life stages” (NurseJournal, para. 1, 2022). Pursuing a career as an FNP has endless opportunities, which is why I ultimately chose this route.

One professional organization that is affiliated with FNPs that I could join would be the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP), which is one of the largest nurse practitioner membership organizations (NursingProcess.org, 2022). It is very easy to become a member of the AANP, and the benefits and opportunities becoming a member are endless. The membership process is as easy as going to the website, click the “Join AANP” link, and paying the membership fee (AANP, 2021). A few benefits and opportunities this membership entails include “advocacy for your practice and the greater NP role, hundreds of hours of free CE (continuing education),” etc. (AANP, 2021).

References

American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). (2021). Membership. Retrieved February 1, 2022, from 
https://www.aanp.org/membership

NurseJournal. (2022). Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) Career Overview. Retrieved February, 2022, from 
https://nursejournal.org/nurse-practitioner/fnp/

NursingProcess.org. (2022). Retrieved February 1, 2022, from 
https://www.nursingprocess.org/

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Amber Williams 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hi McKenzey,

I enjoyed your post this week. I can completely relate to your journey in also to why you chose FNP. I am currently a Labor and Delivery nurse and thought that I wanted to be a Certified Nurse Midwife but chose FNP due to scheduling and also I wanted versatility although my heart will always be with Obstetrics/womens health. According to 
Nurse Journal
 an FNP can work in the hospital, private practice, and/or internal medicine clinic.  Another reason why I felt like FNP was the right fit for me because it would bring a chance to truly connect with my patients and their families. Although with the unfortunate pandemic that has arose I feel like its still possible to have a connection with my patients and their families. As a future FNP it is going to be vital that we stay up to date on as much as we can. It is now more important than ever for nurses and nurse leaders to project their voice when it comes to experience and knowledge in order to protect themselves and the patients (2021).

Turale, S. (2021). COVID-19: Nursing Challenges into the Future. 
Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research
, 
25
(2), 165–170.

Family nurse practitioner career overview
. NurseJournal. (2022, January 25). Retrieved February 3, 2022, from https://nursejournal.org/nurse-practitioner/fnp/

 

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Hi, Mckenzey,

How will your academic and professional networks impact your success, during your educational journey? Why is it necessary to continue 
to
 expand your networks, through affiliations such as with a professional association?

Good post!

Dr. Lewis

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9 months ago

Janelle McEwen 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Over the years, my long-term goal was to be a critical care nurse. However, having my baby last year substantially shifted the trajectory of my career as I made a decision to join the 
Walden University 
MSN degree – Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) specialty so that I can specialize in primary care and take a more active role in managing their patients’ health. The FNP specialty track will allow me to gain autonomy over my nursing practice. According to information from the 
American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) (n.d.)
 database show that 21 states and the District of Colombia have approved “full practice” for NPs, which will allow me to assess, diagnose, and prescribe medications independently. The authority to practice independently will give me a chance to set my schedule, and subsequently, enable me to gain a positive work-family-life balance, which I need as I raise my son. Besides, I understand that care from FNPs are continuously demanded in the U.S., with data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projecting that at least 200,000 NPs will be required by 2026 (AANP, n.d.). The above represents a 36% job growth and stable job security.

I did not really face challenges or conflictions when making the choice for FNP specialty, except that I was uncertain on how I can balance work, school, and family duties. AANP is one of the professional organizations affiliated with FNPs, which I can currently join as through the student membership avenue 
(AANP, n.d.)
. Joining AANP as a student will offer me networking opportunities. My membership will also give me a chance to tap into the numerous benefits, including continuing education, ability to network, and advocacy practice, as well as access to resources availaed to NP students to kickstart their career and education.

References

AANP. (n.d.). 
What’s my member type?
 https://www.aanp.org/membership/whats-my-member-type

American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). (n.d.). 
NP fact sheet
. https://www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/np-fact-sheet

Walden University. (n.d.). 
Master of Science in Nursing Degree Online.
 https://www.waldenu.edu/online-masters-programs/master-of-science-in-nursing

 

 

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hi, Janelle,

How will your affiliation with professional associations enhance your opportunities to network?

Great post!

Dr. Lewis

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9 months ago

Janelle McEwen 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hello Prof, professional associations, like AANP, often promote 
regional or national nursing or medical conferences or workshops
 
on their websites. Such events are excellent opportunities for expanding my professional network, hearing about best practices in other regions or businesses, and learning new skills. I can also submit a proposal to present a workshop at a conference, which will boost my exposure to others in my FNP field and I might even get some or all of my expenses paid.

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9 months ago

Sonya Spellman 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hi Janelle,

Great post! Considering the lack of physicians, you would think all states would give nurse practitioners full practice. Based on current utilization patterns, demand for primary care providers is expected to grow more rapidly than physician supply (Dillon & Gary, 2017). Removing barriers at all levels that potentially prevent NPs from practicing to the full extent of their education and training is critical not only to increase primary care capacity but also to make NPs more efficient and effective providers (Park et al, 2018).  I hope all states will eventually allow all nurse practitioners to practice independently to ease the shortage of healthcare providers.

References

Dillon D, Gary F. (2017). Full Practice Authority for Nurse Practitioners. 
Nurs Adm Q
: 41(1):86-93. doi: 10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000210

Park, J., Athey, E., Pericak, A., Pulcini, J., & Greene, J. (2018). To What Extent Are State Scope of Practice Laws Related to Nurse Practitioners’ Day-to-Day Practice Autonomy? 
Medical Care Research and Review
: MCRR, 75(1), 66–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077558716677826

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9 months ago

Rex Boyson Olpoc 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Main Post

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Becoming an advanced practice registered nurse would give me a sense of autonomy and responsibility in my practice. I want to advance my career and make a difference in people’s lives, and I believe this right here is the opportunity for me to achieve both. In addition, I wanted to expand my scope of practice and hope that one day I could have full practice authority.

I have easily selected the MSN Family Nurse Practitioner specialization because of the flexibility it gives. Later, I would be in a strategic position if I want to pursue other specializations. Another reason why I chose FNP is because of its variability. Being a future FNP, I can provide care to patients of all ages – from infant to elderly. According to Nurse.org (2019), FNPs are the primary point of care for families and can serve as valuable resources for people in the community. I envision myself ordering and performing laboratory and diagnostic tests and interpreting the results, diagnosing diseases, managing treatment of diseases and urgent situations like doing suturing, coordinating care, counseling, and doing health education to patients, families, and communities. Becoming an FNP gives me a broad area and scope of practice. In addition, being an FNP allows me to perform risk evaluation of healthy patients, thus preventing illnesses. Likewise, being an FNP in the primary care setting, I can influence patient behavior by being their primary care provider, and this entails establishment not just rapport but long-term provider–patient relationship.

 

A professional nursing organization that is noteworthy for nurse practitioners is the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. The community has greater than 119,000 thousand members comprised of NPs and NP students whose goals are to improve patient care and advance the profession (AANP, n.d.). This organization is an avenue for all NPs to strengthen their professional network. According to Cherry et al. (2019), being an active member in one or more professional nursing organization contributes to the professional growth of a nurse. One can become a member by joining online wherein one has to provide his or her email address or download a membership application form and submit it to them.

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (n.d.). 
About the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP)
. https://www.aanp.org/about/about-the-american-association-of-nurse-practitioners-aanp

Cherry, B
.
, Caramanica, L
.
, 
Everret, L. Q., Fennimore, L., & Elaine, S. 
(2019). Leveraging the 
p
ower of 
b
oard 
l
eadership in 
p
rofessional 
n
ursing 
o
rganizations. 
JONA: The
 
Journal of Nursing Administration
, 
49
(11)
, 517
–
519. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000805

 

Nurse.org. (2019, July 24). 
FNP guide – family nurse practitioner: Salary, benefits & programs
. https://nurse.org/education/fnp-family-nurse-practitioner-degree/

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9 months ago

Janelle McEwen 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Main Post

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Hello Rex, I enjoyed reading your insightful post, and I agree with you that FNPs are an essential part of the health care landscape, providing wellness guidance and necessary care services to patients in need 
(Kralewski et al., 2016)
. I am sure we will help manage patient caseloads at hospitals, clinics, and medical practices, working alongside physicians and specialists to care for the sick, injured, and healthy patients that after graduating. The role of the family nurse practitioner is increasingly important as patients struggle to access care resources in some areas of the United States 
(American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP), n.d.)
. Are FNPs in your state have the autonomy of practice?

References

American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). (n.d.). 
NP Fact Sheet
. Retrieved February 2, 2022, from https://www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/np-fact-sheet

Kralewski, J., Dowd, B., Curoe, A., Savage, M., & Tong, J. (2016). The Role of Nurse Practitioners in Primary Healthcare. 
The American Journal of Managed Care
, 
21
(6), 12–23. https://www.ajmc.com/view/the-role-of-nurse-practitioners-in-primary-healthcare

 

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9 months ago

Rex Boyson Olpoc 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response to Janelle

COLLAPSE

Hello, Janelle

Thank you for responding to my post and for the added information regarding the lack of access to health care for those underserved communities. In the state of North Carolina, APRNs still do not have full practice authority, but there is an ongoing push in the form of legislations both in the House and Senate of the North Carolina General Assembly which are House Bill 277 and Senate Bill 249, respectively (North Carolina Nurses Association, 2021). The two bills are both known as the SAVE Act, which will allow APRNs to have full practice authority, and they are currently being referred to different committees both in the House and Senate of the NC General Assembly.

References

North Carolina General Assembly. (2021, March 11). 
SAVE Act aims to help NC patients access healthcare providers.
 https://ncnurses.org/about-ncna/latest-news/save-act-aims-to-help-nc-patients-access-healthcare-providers/

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9 months ago

Mariah Quero 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Main Post

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9 months ago

Rex Boyson Olpoc 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Response to Mariah

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9 months ago

Elizabeth Magloire 

RE: Discussion – Week 10 Main Post Response 2

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9 months ago

Claudy Jean Gilles 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Janelle McEwen 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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9 months ago

Christine Hoffmann 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

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Response 2, Week 10

Hello Claudy! Great post! As a long-term psychiatric nurse, I commend you for making this decision. When I began working mental health nursing immediately after nursing school, my friends looked at me as if I had a third eye! However, the decade that I have worked in the field has been very rewarding. Do you have any experience in psychiatric nursing as a Registered Nurse? There are several settings in which you may choose to work (
Psych Nurse FAQs
, n.d.). I work in a forensic mental health facility which houses a solely adult population. While I have enjoyed my work with the adult population, I find that working with children could be even more rewarding. Adverse childhood experiences are linked to increased health problems in adulthood, including mental illness (
The lasting effects of childhood trauma
, 2020). Of all of the patients that I have cared for over the year, a great deal of them had experienced great trauma in childhood. The identification of such trauma and early trauma-focused treatment may lead to better outcomes into adulthood 
(
The lasting effects of childhood trauma
, 2020)
. For that reason, I have great interest in working with the child population.

References

Psych Nurse FAQs
. (n.d.). APNA. Retrieved February 4, 2022, from https://www.apna.org/psych-nurse-faqs/

The lasting effects of childhood trauma
. (2020, April 28). Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/childhood-traumas-lasting-effects-on-mental-and-physical-health/

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9 months ago

Crystal Lewis 
WALDEN INSTRUCTOR
 
MANAGER

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hi, Claudy,

How could your professional organization affiliation allow you to stay abreast of the latest research, which may impact your practice?

Great post!

Dr. Lewis

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9 months ago

Mariah Quero 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hello Claudy,

You have written an inspirational post and thank you for sharing it with us. I respect your decision to care for patients with mental health problems. I think that you can make a big difference in their lives with your dedication. It seems that you have done a lot of research on being a mental health nurse practitioner and this is an important part of choosing your specialty. Mental illness is more common than what some of us think and sometimes, people who have mental illness just do not want to talk about it because if various reasons. As a mental health nurse practitioner, you can use a holistic approach to prevent, identify, and treat these patients. Being able to help these patient through recovery from mental illness is very rewarding.

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9 months ago

Ryslande Eugene Dominique 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hi Claudy,

I enjoyed reading your post! Thank you for sharing your experiences. We have a lot in common and share multiple identical professional goals. As you mentioned working with mental health requires caring and compassion. I appreciate your determination and the passion you have for mental health as we know, working with mental health patients is not easy, especially since many of them suffer from anxiety and trauma. From my experience, I realized that dealing with mental health patients can be very challenging. Mental health problems are on the rise. All people, young and old, face many challenges that lead to mental health disorders. Most of them need a lot of support and therapy.

The Covid 19 Pandemic affects individuals and society and causes disruption, anxiety, stress, stigma, and xenophobia. An individual’s behavior as a unit of society or a community has marked effects on the dynamics of a pandemic that involves the level of severity, degree of flow, and aftereffects (Psych Nurse FAQs. n.d.).
 

                                                                       
References

 

Psych Nurse FAQs. (n.d.). APNA. Retrieved February 4, 2022, from

 https://www.apna.org/psych-nurse-faqs/

 

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9 months ago

Ryslande Eugene Dominique 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Multiple difficulties were experienced while deciding what nursing specialty to pursue, and the main reason for the difficulty stems from nearly all the APRN roles appearing seductive. Evaluation of all the roles associated with APRN proved integral in helping the society, and this is what personal drive into pursuing the nursing profession is all about. The decision to pursue mental health nursing stems from the desire to serve the population and help people with mental issues heightened with the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases of adolescent suicide are also on the increase, and the most effective strategy for managing this issue is mental health care services integral in depression management, and this also served as an integral decision to pursue mental health (Frissora & Ranz, 2021).

 An example professional organization affiliated with mental health nurses is the American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA), which currently holds over 15,000 members. Qualified professional nurses and postgraduate students form most of these members, and membership is always through subscription. The primary subscription basis is monthly and yearly fees (Kesten & El-Banna, 2021). American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) also serves as an integrated organization for affiliation, and the main difference between American Psychiatric Nurses Association and American Association of Nurse Practitioners is that the latter is more broad compared to the former, as it entails professional and students nurses from multiple specialties, unlike the former that entails only professional nurses and students specializing in mental health care. Membership into the American Association of Nurse Practitioners is mainly through invitation. The importance of joining a professional organization is that it aids in advancing one’s career and offers an avenue for networking integral in the nursing fraternity (Curley, 2019).

 

References

Curley, A. L. (2019). 
Population-based nursing: Concepts and competencies for advanced practice
. Springer Publishing Company.

Frissora, K. M., & Ranz, J. M. (2021). A Community Psychiatry Nurse Practitioner 

Fellowship: Preparing Nurse Practitioners for Mental Health Workforce Expansion. 
Psychiatric Services
, 
72
(1), 91-93. 
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?output=instlink&q=info:aTneJYkBLcUJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=0,10&as_ylo=2021&scillfp=954111940530681583&oi=lle

Kesten, K. S., & El-Banna, M. M. (2021). Facilitators, barriers, benefits, and funding to implement postgraduate nurse practitioner residency/fellowship programs. 
Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
, 
33
(8), 611-617. 
https://journals.lww.com/jaanp/Abstract/2021/08000/Facilitators,_barriers,_benefits,_and_funding_to.8.aspx

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9 months ago

Blessing Nnakwu 

RE: Discussion – Week 10

COLLAPSE

Hello Ryslande,

It’s great to know that you have an interest in serving the public, especially with the increase in COVID cases and the persistence of the pandemic. I agree with you that adolescent suicide and mental issues are on the increase.  Furthermore, I appreciate your idea to look into how these can be managed through staying positive and depression management.

One professional organization an APRN can register with is the American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA). This is an association organized primarily for “charitable, educational, and scientific purposes. It provides leadership to promote psychiatric-mental health nurses, improve mental health care for culturally diverse individuals, families, groups, and communities, and shape health policy for the delivery of mental health services” (APNA, n.d.)

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Another organization to consider if you live in Washington and are an APRN interested in psychiatric organizations is the Association of Advanced Practice Psychiatric nurses (AAPPN). They are very focused on advocacy and even have a tab on their site called lobby week kit where they have information on who the Washington State Legislators are, how to contact them, and videos with tips on how to advocate and why it’s important (AAPPN, 2022).

References

American Psychiatric Nurses Association. (n.d.). About APNA. 

About APNA

AAPPN. (2022, Jan 13). Lobby week kit. 
https://www.aappn.org/news-updates/lobby-week-2022/

Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Personal Philosophy Statement

Managerial Philosophy and Practice Paper Introduction

Since I began my working life, I have always been interested in and paying very close attention to my managers in addition to their personal management styles. As a result, I have been able to learn what the best style of management is for me personally and for that reason, I realized or rather found what I would deem my own personal management style and philosophy Personal Philosophy Statement Example. Before proceeding, Henry Mintzberg is one of the most prominent management thinkers. He did argue that management is a complicated issue. He asserts that individuals have lost a detailed understanding of what management entails. However, according to him, there are roles that a manager has to play. Management is not only about managing the internal affairs of a firm, but also spending some time managing contact with other people. However, what puzzles Mintzberg is the fact that little people seem to understand what management is. Mintzberg (2009, p.3) asks, “What happened to management?” Mintzberg is a dedicated scholar who works on understanding the nature of managerial work and what entails a manager’s job (Mintzberg, 2009, p. 2-3). By trying to understand Mintzberg ideas on management, I have been able to shape my own personal management philosophy and style. According to Mintzberg (2009, p.3), a lot of books have been labeled “management,” yet very few of them mention what management actually is.

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Based on the readings of Mintzberg, I have what I consider my style of management; that style is an affiliate-collaborator. The basis of considering myself as an affiliator is because I like an environment where people or employees are happy in addition to favoring a friendly environment when I work, in addition to being more of a brotherly type figure as opposed to a parental type figure. Likewise, I would also consider myself as a collaborator based on the fact that I am a goal at motivating and empowering others. Mintzberg (2009, p.214) asserts that collaboration is about helping employees and others both inside and outside the organization. Being able to comprehend my own management style would be a great advantage to me in future, especially as a manager.

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the significance of personal philosophy in the field of management. A philosophy of management is one of the most fundamental aspects that managers should posses. A philosophy of management is defined as the glue that joins everybody in a given firm so that they can focus their attention towards the attainment of excellence. In other words, it is that set of rational principles that form the basis for guiding or controlling the operations or performance of a given business activity. In actual practice, a management philosophy is also a personal philosophy (Yang, 2012).

In this paper, I plan on highlighting the importance of having a philosophy statement followed by other important aspects in management, such as value creation, personal management ethos, choices and experiences that shape such ethos and how I will practice such ethos as a professional manager. In addition, this paper will also highlight my managerial skills and how they reflect my managerial ethos before identifying resources and support mechanisms that I would need to take my philosophy and intent to practice forward.

 

Philosophy

Management and value creation

           
In the practice of management, value creation is regarded as a key objective. According to Mintzberg (2009, p.10), management is neither a science nor a profession, but a practice learned through and rooted. However, management applies science while effective managing is dependent on art as art produces the “vision” and “insight” based on intuition. Mintzberg (2009, p. 10) argues that management can be seen to involve threes aspects; art, which brings in integration and ides; craft which makes connections by building on tangible experiences and science which provides the order through systematic analysis of knowledge.

To me, management is running an organization in the right manner while value creation is coming up or creating something of substance that identifies a company so as to make repeated purchases increase. According to Figueiredo and Scaraboto (2016) value creation is the process of performing actions that tend to increase the worth of goods and services and even a business as a whole. To Mintzberg (2009, p. 12), value creation is a manager’s job. Such is realized when a manager does his best to bring out the best in other people, so that can know, decide, and act better. In the practice of management, ethos are necessary. Throughout my academic and work practice, I have realized that it is important to have ethos. In definition, ethos refers to the morals, beliefs and values of a person or even an entire culture.

Personal management ethos

Throughout my academic years and the beginning of my career, I have been able to develop and realize my personal management ethos. What makes a great manager great? Even though this question depends on whom you ask, it all depends on personal management ethos present in a given company. Mintzberg (2009, p. 197) brings out a lot of personal issues that determines who a great manager is. He argues that a manager is somebody charismatic, inspiring, passionate, visionary, ambitious and tenacious. Consistency, flexibility, engaging and being dependable make up some of the management ethos of an individual. By definition, personal management ethos are management principles employed by managers in an attempt aimed at keeping employees happy and productive (Figueiredo and Scaraboto, 2016). For managers to be effective in their roles, they have to realize the kind of management ethos that best suit them. They have to adopt a style that establishes trust, rapport, respect, trust and engaging in a way.

Personally, I harbor a number of management ethos. Having had the opportunity to work under a number of managers and realized their management behavior, I have learnt to develop my own personal management ethos. The first one is communication. The key to managing is communication. The need to effectively communicate, both orally and written is one of the critical elements for an effective leader of any organization (Berthel and Becker, 2003). In the practice of management, I have always worked on being a good communicator. I can say that I am a good communicator which involves active listening, a character that I posses. I have an experience of how poor communication can negatively affect a company. Poor communication lines mean poor coordination of duties. Personally, I am a good communicator.

Secondly, on personal grounds, I am a good decision maker. In the practice of management, I have and will always seek to promote this aspect as one of the personal management ethos practices. According to Iacob and Iacob (2016), the business world revolves around timely and effective decision making. I am timely and effective in my decision making as I always strive in gathering and analyzing appropriate information in the appropriate amount of time before making decisions. I do not unnecessarily ponder, delay, and create some form of paralysis by analysis.

Lastly, I’m good at providing direction and follow up. According to Jiao, Pan, Liang, Feng and Yang (2016), each and every business leader needs substantial amount of information input as part of a decision making process. Through effective communication, direction is provided. I will utilize my time in ensuring that follow-up become part and parcel of my management practice. All along, I have been good at ensuring that all agreed upon issues are followed up so that progress can be achieved.

Importance of personal management ethos

The above aforementioned ethos is important for me due to a number of reasons. Through good communication a company stands to benefit a lot as people know what is expected of them at all times. Ineffective communication or poor communication lines may be detrimental to the organization as important issues may be misinterpreted. Being efficient and fast in making decisions can mean so much to an organization as the pace at which the world is moving demands speed in decision making. Lastly, being able to provide direction and follow up is the right ethos for me since by ensuring that direction and follow-ups on issues discussed, the firm can avoid delays which may end up affecting a company’s profitability margins.

Developing Personal Ethos

           
The above personal ethos did not come by chance. Key experiences and events shaped the development of the aforementioned personal ethos. My experiences started back in 2014, while I was working as an intern at a local shoe company after completing my Diploma. A supervisor role soon became available and no prior experience was needed, just an ability to conform to the work schedule. I felt that this was a position that I could fill as it allowed for weekends off. On expressing my interest to the job, it came as a surprise when I immediately got it.

Four months into the job, our department came under new management due to partnership with another shoe company. This was soon followed by expansion in terms of new buildings, equipments and bigger working space aimed at accommodating the new set of incoming employees. For me, this meant that my duties as a supervisor would increase as hours would extend to holidays and weekends not forgetting that I would be in charge of conducting employee meetings, scheduling, hiring and even reprimanding some employees.

However, I soon realized that things were not the same as they were before. Much needed to be done. I realized that I had to focus my attention to employees under my watch. I needed to develop personal ethos that would ensure that the company runs smoothly. I needed to develop personal ethos that would ensure that I foster good communication skills, good decision making and efficient direction and follow-up are evident in the organization. It is with such an experience that I realized the importance of developing a personal ethos statement that will determine the direction and life of the organization.

Practice

How to practice ethos as a professional manager

           
Personal management ethos, without proper practice, will all be futile and useless in the end. There are ways in which such ethos can be put into practice. As a professional manager, I would put the aforementioned ethos into practice by making certain requirements that everybody has to adhere to. For instance, on grounds of communication, I would ensure that all communication lines are open at all times. Moreover, I would ensure that a bottom-up oral communication approach is present. Mintzberg (2009, p. 34-37) argues that oral modes of communication are the best and should be emphasized as they make more than half of communication models that is used by a lot of people. For this reason, I would also ensure such as mails may not be seen or ignored at times.

Secondly, on grounds of decision making, I would ensure that the process follows due process without skipping any part. To put such into practice, I would first identify the decision and then gather relevant information which is followed by identifying the alternatives in place. After this I will weigh the evidence before choosing among the alternatives before taking the necessary action which will be lastly followed by a review of the decision made and its consequences.

Effective direction and follow-up is one of the most crucial factors that professional managers must possess (Hotho, Lyles, Easterby-Smith, 2015). To put this into practice, I would ensure that I set performance goals and set a number of instructions that must be adhered to. Providing direction is not an easy thing as such. However, to make this possible, I would ensure that I set certain organizational objectives or goals which are later followed by follow-ups to ensure that they are met.

The practice of ethos: Does it make one a responsible manager?

By doing all the above, I would be termed as a responsible manager based on the parameters used by a lot of people to judge who a responsible manager is. According to Baú (2016), a responsible is the one able to communicate effectively. When CEOs and a couple of senior executives in a good number of countries and industries were asked to list some of the most important skills that a responsible manager must possess, majority of the answers showed that good possessing good communication skills is one of them. By spending some significant time engaged in communication with employees and other shareholders, I would be termed as a responsible manager. Baú (2016) further asserts that mastering leadership; communication should be a top priority for leaders who want their organizations or even the broader community to consider them as leaders.

On grounds or aspects of decision making, research has shown that managers who conduct effective decision making stand a chance to be termed as responsible managers. Decision making is not an easy process as such as some decisions made may not be in the interest of everybody (Hotho, Lyles, Easterby-Smith, 2015). However, by efficiently practicing this ethos as a professional manager effectively, chances of being termed as a responsible manager remain high. As noted earlier, the ability to direct and effectively follow-up is another personal management ethos that I encourage. Having the ability to provide direction for the organization is one of the most important elements for firms today. The ability to provide for directives by setting organizational goals and subsequently following them up is one of the most important aspects that managers must grasp (Jiao, Pan, Liang, Feng and Yang, 2016). By ensuring such a practice, I would be termed as a responsible manager able to ensure that an organization goes towards the right direction.

How the practice of ethos leads to fulfillment and happiness

According to recently published reports, increasing a sense of meaningfulness at the place of work is one of the most potent, but underutilized ways of increasing engagement, productivity, and performance. According to Berthel and Becker (2003), managers who practice effective personal management ethos are able to achieve happiness and fulfillment in their work. However, by practicing the aforementioned personal management ethos, I stand a higher chance of finding happiness and fulfillment as a professional manager due a number of reasons.

For instance, ensuring that an effective communication strategy exists in the organization characterized by bottoms-up or vertical communication among others will make me happy. An organization where communication lines are open and everybody can raise an issue without fear will ultimately make me happy. In addition, a good decision-making process that takes the interest of everybody at heart without causing any rifts will also make me happy and realize some fulfillment. It cannot go without mentioning that good direction and follow-up is self fulfilling if the results are all good in the end. By providing efficient direction and follow up, chances of set or pre-determined organizational goals being realized is high. By directing and following up, I stand a higher chance of seeking happiness and self fulfillment based on the outcomes that may soon be realized.

Current skills that exemplify my managerial ethos

           
As noted earlier, ethos refers to habitual values and character of groups, races and individuals among others. Managerial ethos on the other hand is mainly concerned with the values and character and roles of managers as a professional group (Sheldon, 2003). Mintzberg (2009, p 45) breaks down managerial tasks or skills into three important areas; interpersonal, information processing and aspects of decision making. According to Mintzberg (2009, p. 45), a manager’s various roles such as serving as a spokesman, as a leader and a resource allocator, does fit into one of the aforementioned three activity areas. There are a number of current skills that I possess that exemplify my managerial ethos as hereby outlined:

Oversight

According to Anguelov (2016), oversight means the ability to keep track of what is going on while setting right anything that seems to be getting out of place. This may include anything from checking for inefficiencies to checking whether a certain set target is on time or even reviewing the business model. This is a skill that exemplifies and reflects my managerial ethos based on the fact that the organization and its goals or projects does not diverge out of direction and organizational goals are met based on oversight or systems put in place to check for inefficiencies.

To ensure that the above are in place, I would put in place systems aimed at ensuring that all cases of corruption or reliable and verifiable performance monitoring and reporting are in place so as to ensure that highest standards of personal integrity are promoted.

 

Directing

According to Brunet-Thornton and Machek (2016), directing involves taking charge and letting people know what to do, a process also known as delegating, giving orders, and making some decisions. This is a skill that I highly possess and it reflects my managerial ethos based on the fact an organization that lack some form of direction risk spinning out of direction to the extent of affecting the whole company as a whole.

Putting this aspect into practice will involve setting out certain directives that everybody has to adhere to. Directing involves laying out certain organizational rules and forms of punishment or penalties to those who fail to comply, according to them (Brunet-Thornton and Machek, 2016). At this juncture, I would ensure that I sit down with departmental heads and subsequently set some rules that everybody regardless of seniority or position adheres to.

Coordinating

A manager must be capable of knowing what is happening, what needs to happen, in addition to who and what is available to accomplish some needed tasks (Brunet-Thornton and Machek, 2016). Coordination involves being able to if someone is miscommunicating, if there is a person in need of help or even if a problem is being overlooked or underutilized. A manager needs to notice and correct such issues and others. Luckily, this is a skill that I posses reflecting one of managerial ethos. Previous supervisory roles that turned me into a manager made me realize how important coordination is.

To put this into practice, I would effectively liaise with other managers and departmental heads on where problems are most common. Additionally, I would talk with all employees and seek their opinion on problematic areas they feel need urgent attention. By so doing, I would ensure that the organization works and acts as a unified whole.

Renewal

Resources and support mechanisms needed to drive management philosophy forward

           
As noted way earlier, my personal style of management is more of an affiliator-collaborator type. I’m an affiliator based on the fact that I like an environment where employees are happy in addition to promoting a friendly environment. As a collaborator, my management style is based on the fact that I am a goal oriented person. More importantly, I’m good in communication. Communication, efficient decision-making and the ability to provide direction is important for organizational success. I find myself excellent in ensuring efficient communication, efficient decision making and directing takes place in an organization. However, there are resources and support mechanisms that are needed to be taken in order for this all this to come true.

Necessary Conditions for Success

           
Managers are leaders who lead teams and the whole organization into achieving the desired vision and mission. A number of resource and support mechanism or conditions are needed so as to drive an intended philosophy forward. According to Mintzberg (2009, p. 2-3) there is no single recipe to success. This applies to all managers under all conditions. However, certain conditions such as social cohesion in an organization, teamwork and communication are some of the necessary conditions needed for success.

According to Anguelov (2016), there must be some form of will or agreement by everybody within the organization on some of the agreed upon initiatives for success. Everybody within the organization must be in agreement on what is expected of them at all times. Such will ultimately ensure that the achievements of organizational goals are realized within the stated time frame.

Another equally important aspect that positions a given company into succeeding is if it fosters and encourages diversification. By emphasizing on aspects of cross-unit collaboration, organizations stand a chance of realizing success (Anguelov, 2016). This is one of the most necessary conditions necessary needed for success to occur. The world is huge and globalization is here with us. Organizations cannot ignore the fact that the globe is diversified. By pursuing diversification and hiring people from different races and backgrounds, companies stand to benefit a lot as different people come with different ideas that may be helpful to companies.

Lastly, another condition needed for success is the willingness for employees to accept change. Initiating change is one of the most difficult exercises that managers have to face on a daily basis (Anguelov, 2016). By informing employees on the importance and benefits of change, organizations stand a higher chance of realizing success in a number of its initiatives. However, this cannot be achievable without tracking the necessary information for success.

Information to track

All the above can however be achieved by tracking the right source of information. However, according to Brunet-Thornton and Machek (2016), information coming from internal sources such as employees or other departments is one of the best means that companies can rely to get information on the real issues that affect companies. As a manger, such would form the basis of my information.

Networking: How important is it?

To achieve the above, networking is a necessary factor. Networking is a strategic component that is important to business entities. According to Mintzberg (2009, p. 79), networking is an important factor that managers have o master. Having good relationships with people may benefit lots of business entities in a manner not expected before. For a manager to realize this factor, he or she has to join a network that promises to make this a reality. In Mintzberg’s Ten Management Roles, Liaison is one of the most important things. Here, Mintzberg (2009, p. 76) argues that managers have to communicate with both the internal and external contacts by forming networks effectively on the organizational behalf.  An operational network proves to be the most effective one. By joining an operational network, chances of a manager witnessing work done efficiently while maintaining the capacities and functions required of groups seem possible (Phillips, 2017).

Based on the above understanding, I would join an operational network, which involves the cultivation of relationships with different people for purposes aimed at ensuring that certain tasks or organizational goals are accomplished. This would translate into working closely with the Human Resources manager or department so as to ensure that the right people are hired not forgetting the need to develop relationships within other departments to win the support of management initiatives.

For the above reasons, I would ultimately join operational networking for purposes aimed at ensuring that I build good working relationships with people who can help me do my job in an effective manner. Such networks include not only direct reports, but also superiors and peers within an operational unit and other internal players who have the power to block or support a given project.

As a manager, would try to asses assemble my managerial too bag on a number of issues. I will start assembling or finding out my capabilities in the ability to communicate well with employees within the organization as a good communication is effective in pushing organizations forward. In addition, I would also begin assembling my managerial tool bag by trying to realize how I can motivate employees within the organization. By motivating employees, a firm stands a chance of retaining them for long. Lastly, I would start assembling my managerial tool bag by understanding the importance of directing and coordinating in the organization. Personal Philosophy Statement Example These are two important factors that promise to push organizations into the next level of success.

Conclusion

           
In brief, Personal philosophy, especially in management is an important factor that cannot be ignored anymore. Managerial philosophy is an important element that leaders have to foster. Personally, I have my own personal managerial styles that I foster. Personal management ethos is important for managerial success. Without managerial ethos, business entities may not survive. There are important ethos that effective managers have to foster. However, it is important to note that there are some key events or experiences that shape the development of such. In practice, a professional manager is judged by how he or she promotes such ethos. Effective promotion of such can make one be termed as an effective manager or not. By so doing, he or she will attain some form of happiness or fulfillment. Closely related to this, there are some important skills that a manager should possess that can reflect his or her managerial ethos. However, there are some support mechanism and other necessary conditions that must be present for a certain managerial philosophy to become practical Personal Philosophy Statement Example.

 

References

Anguelov, L. G. (2016). Outsourcing Oversight and ARRA 2009: What Factors Explain State Agencies’ Decision to Pursue Collaborative Monitoring?.
Review of Policy Research
,
33
(2), 160-177.

Baú, V. (2016). Citizen engagement in peacebuilding: A communication for development approach to rebuilding peace from the bottom-up.
Progress in Development Studies
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16
(4), 348-360.

Berthel, J., & Becker, F. G. (2003). Personal-Management.
Grundzüge für Konzeptionen betrieblicher Personalarbeit
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7
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Brunet-Thornton, R., & Machek, O. (2016). Minzberg, Management, and Prague.
Central European Business Review
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5
(4), 5-10.

Costea, B., Crump, N., & Holm, J. (2005). Dionysus at work? The ethos of play and the ethos of Management.
Culture and Organization
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11
(2), 139-151.

Figueiredo, B., & Scaraboto, D. (2016). The Systemic Creation of Value Through Circulation in Collaborative Consumer Networks.
Journal of Consumer Research
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43
(4), 509-533.

Hotho, J. J., Lyles, M. A., & Easterby-Smith, M. (2015). The Mutual Impact of Global Strategy and Organizational Learning: Current Themes and Future Directions.
Global Strategy Journal
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5
(2), 85-112.

Iacob, C. C., & Iacob, S. G. (2016). The Importance of Institutional Communication in the New Knowledge Economy.
Valahian Journal of Economic Studies
,
7
(3), 69-74.

Jiao, L., Pan, Q., Liang, Y., Feng, X., & Yang, F. (2016). Combining sources of evidence with reliability and importance for decision making.
Central European Journal of Operations Research
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24
(1), 87-106.

Mintzberg, H. (2009). Managing (Berrett-Koehler and Pearson, 2009)—about the characteristics, roles, varieties, conundrums, and effectiveness of managing.

Phillips, D. (2017). The Transformational Power of Networking in Today’s Business World.
Journal of Property Management
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82
(2), 20-23.

Sheldon, O. (2003).
The philosophy of management
(Vol. 2). Psychology Press.

Yang, B. (2012). Confucianism, socialism, and capitalism: A comparison of cultural ideologies and implied managerial philosophies and practices in the P. R. China.
Human Resource Management Review
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Reading Guide – Henry Mintzberg –
Managing

 
 

Book

Henry Mintzberg Managing (Berrett-Koehler and Pearson, 2009)—about the characteristics, roles, varieties, conundrums, and effectiveness of managing.

Personal Web Site:

Welcome

 

 

begin your reflections by considering these questions:

How do I adapt as a manager?

How do I use the three qualitative skills to adapt?

Situational awareness

Sense Making

Persuasion for Action

What is my managerial practice?

What are my core managerial values?

What are my best managerial skills?

How do I want to sustain and enhance my capacity for practice going forward?

Personal Philosophy Statement Example

 

 

Chapter 1

 

Pages 1-8 – Note how Mintzberg describes how we have lost a detailed understanding of what management actually is and means and how we are supposed to go about managing effectively.

How did this happen?

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Pages 8-9 – Our problem in appreciating how to manage is linked directly to the over emphasis we place on leadership.

Why does Mintzberg want to return our emphasis to management?

What does Mintzberg mean by the term communityship?

How does Mintzberg’s use of the word “community” relate to how we are understanding the organization as a complex communicative system? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

You may find these supplementary articles useful as additional reading:

 

“The End of Leadership” from
Strategy + Business

http://www.strategy-business.com/article/ac00038?pg=all

 

 

“Mintzberg’s Refreshing Ideas on Leadership” from the Institute for Human Resources

http://info.profilesinternational.com/Portals/63683/docs/WP_IHR_ViewOfLeadership_0817_PI.pdf

 

 

Pages 9-13 – Managers practice a craft of value creation.

Why does Mintzberg view management as a practice rather than a science or a profession?

Notice how Mintzberg’s view here fits with the complexity view of the organization moving forward through time creating value. Managers facilitate that movement of the organization so that it can create the value it is supposed to create.

 

Pages 13-14 – Management thinking has actually changed very little over time.

Why have the fundamental principles of management remained the same over time, even if we like to think otherwise? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

How does Mintzberg’s point here relate to our discussion of how organizational scholars today are “rediscovering” how to see the organization as a complex communicative system?

 

Pages 15-16 – Overview of the remainder of the book.

 

Chapter 2

How does Mintzberg’s discussion of “The Dynamics of Management” align with Koschmann’s view of the organization as constituted by communication and Clampitt’s argument that the primary managerial task is to cultivate a system of communication in the organization?

What does Mintzberg mean by saying that we need to bring the covert reality of management in line with the overt image of management?

How does Mintzberg’s argument in Chapter 2 run counter to what you probably have been taught about management? Especially running counter to what you may have been taught in an undergraduate course on management, organizational behaviour, or human resource management?

Page 19, The Managerial Pace. How do managers deal with the unrelenting pace of work?  How do you deal with it yourself?  What does Mintzberg mean by saying that we need to become proficient at our superficiality? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Page 23, Action Orientation. Note the connection to adaptation here and the argument that good managers are proficient at adaptation.

Page 26, What forms of communication do you need to function effectively?

Page 26. Why do we negatively valence effective communication skills by calling them “soft” skills?

A useful recent article and a video for discussing “soft” information;

Transactional versus relationship view

 

Soft Skills Campaign

http://www.southwestbusiness.co.uk/news/15012015083127-soft-skills-cbi-campaign-welcomed-by-gloucestershire-business/

 

Page 27, how important is personal access to your ability to manage effectively?

Page 28, What percentage of your work involves relationship management of some sort?

Pages 37-41. How essential is access to the internet for your ability to work effectively? How do you manage your email?  Do you even try to manage your email? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Pages 40-41. Has virtual technologies actually changed management or have these technologies just become part of the “normally calculated chaos” landscape of management?

 

 

Chapter 3

 

Page 43-44. How does Mintzberg’s depiction of management as occurring on three planes (information, people, action) align with Clampitt’s arguments for managing by cultivating a communication system?

Page 48, Figure 3.2: Mintzberg’s three-plane Model of Managing.  What does Mintzberg mean by using the term ‘plane’?  Does the term resonate with you?

Page 49. Note the connection of Mintzberg’s explanation of his model to how we have depicted managing as moving forward to create value:  Managers act to move the organization forward in a useful direction.

Page 50, note Mintyzberg’s discussion ‘framing’ and the importance of framing the managerial role. Framing is a very important concept for the study of managerial persuasion.  Here is a link to the best available resource on managerial framing:

The Power of Framing

http://ca.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470494522.html

 

Overview of the Model

The person in the job

Managing through information

Managing with people

Managing action directly

 

How does the model strike you?  Is this a more effective or less effective way of understanding management than the more conventional definitions of management that you have encountered before?

 

As you read and reflect on this chapter, keep in mind how Miintzberg’s model aligns with both Koschmann’s and Clampitt’s perspectives on managing.

Page 59, note the connection back to Simon, who I discussed briefly in Module 1.

Page 62, how exactly does a manager “move one step closer to action but still remain removed from”?

Page 69, if you as a manager are “the energy center of the unit’s culture,” what exactly are you? Helpful here to recall our discussion of culture when we covered Clampitt Chapter 4.

Page 76, how important are your networks to your managerial effectiveness? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Pages 81-84 – when you read Mintzberg discussing strategy here, keep in mind the connection back to Clampitt’s book as a method for bringing strategy down to the level of day to day practice.

Pages 88-90. Can you actually become a “well-rounded manager”?  Can any one?

Page 95, how do you create a ‘dynamic balance’ for yourself as a manager?

 

 

Chapter 4

 

How well does Mintzberg’s claims about the variability of managerial practice resonate with your experience?

Page 98, Five Managerial Contexts:

External context

Organizational context

Job context

Temporal context

Personal context

As you read through Mintzberg’s discussions of how managers work with these contexts, keep in mind

Module 2’s development of the three qualitative skills

Situational awareness – making good perceptions of the context

Sense making – making good sense from the awareness of the situation.

Persuading others to act on directions formed from the sense making.

Clampitt’s Iceberg model from Chapter 9 as well as his opening discussions in Chapters 1 and 2, which all illustrate the importance of context to managerial action

Page 110, What examples have you encountered that would support Mintzberg’s claim that “size of organization can sometimes trump level in organization for its effects on managing”?

Page 111, why would middle managers be more capable of leveraging informal networks to create effective action than executives? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Page 117, When you read Mintzberg’s discussion of managerial fashion, keep in mind Clampitt’s discussion of the problematic I-A loop from Chapter 6.

Pages134-147. Why is the word ‘posture’ useful for Mintzberg in describing ways to group managerial practices?

 

 

Chapter 5

 

Why does Mintzberg use the word ‘conundrum’ to describe the basic challenges managers face?

Page 159, Table 5.1 Mintzberg’s managerial conundrums.

Pages 162-163. When Mintzberg discussed how strategies “emerge,” recall or discussions from Module 1 regarding how the organization will find a way to move forward toward value creation.

As you read the chapter on managerial conundrums, identify the conundrums that are most relevant for you – the conundrums that you seem to face most often. Does the simple fact of recognizing these “issues” as a conundrum help you to deal with it better?  Or not?

How does the knowledge from the course assist your ability to navigate these conundrums? Ideally, the course knowledge – such as the heuristics from Clampitt – should enhance your ability for dealing with these conundrums. Personal Philosophy Statement Example Personally, I have found the notion that the organization needs to move forward through time creating value to be quite useful for dealing with the conundrums:  If the organization seems to be moving forward in the right direction, creating the right value the right way, right now; then, positive consequences tend to occur.

 

Chapter 6

 

Pages 198-205 – Management Failures. Have you ever experienced one of the failures yourself?  What examples come to your mind of managers who have experienced one of these failures?

 

How do we deal with the knowledge that a great deal of managerial success on one day does not guarantee a high degree of success on the next day? How do we managers deal effectively with the reality that it is very easy for us to fail?

As you read through Mintzberg’s “Framework for Effectiveness,” note that the fundamental model of the Philosophy and Practice paper assignment does map onto Mintzberg’s framework.

Page 212, what does Mintzberg mean when he writes that “We hear a great deal these days about managers having to be global; it is far more important that they be worldly”?

Page 216, notice the link between the key point from our class that managers facilitate the organization’s ability to move forward through time creating value and Mintzberg’s point that managers both “go with the flow, but they also make the flow.”

Page 291, As you read through the section on “Selecting, Assessing, and Developing Effective Managers,” reflect on how well Mintzberg’s points are reflected (or are not reflected) in your organization. What actions make your organization either more or less capable of selecting, assessing, and developing effective managers?

Page 223, What is your opinion of Mintzberg’s assertion that “ A healthy organization is not a collection of detached human resources who simply look after their own turf; it is a community of responsible human beings who care about the entire system and its long-term survival”?

Page 225, What exactly does Mintzberg mean when he writes that judgment lies beyond measurement?

Page 235, in Mintzberg’s conclusion in which he discusses the importance of seeing the organization as a community; how does his view here connect with our class depiction of the organization as a complex, communicative entity? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

 

Appendix

 

As you read through the managers’ stories, consider such questions as:

How does this manager’s experience resonate with my own experience?

What information from their stories can you use to enhance your own practice?

Mintzberg has drawn a book full of general observations and conclusions from these stories, what general observations do you make? What general conclusions do you draw? Personal Philosophy Statement Example

Kotter’s 8 Steps For an Organizational Change

The volatility and uncertainty within the business world has made it imperative for companies to constantly rebrand and restructure themselves. The arena of commerce is sometimes faced with unforeseen changes that can affect the manner in which firms and companies operate. The businesses that manage to remain successful during such times are those that embrace the concepts of organizational change in the right order. These principles have been proved to provide the perfect recipe for prosperity even in the wake of heightened competition. This paper is an essay that discusses the importance of organizational change with reference to one Australian-based pharmacy chain Kotter’s 8 Steps for an Organizational Change.

 

Essay Task

Choose an existing organization within Australia and implement Kotter’s 8 steps for an organizational change in the chain. Explain how you would apply the steps giving realistic specific examples. The organization should fall within a major Australia-wide pharmacy chain.

 

Company Chosen for the Essay

Apotex pharmaceuticals- Australia

 

Body

The ability of a company to constantly rebrand itself in the wake of an era that is filled with a myriad of unpredictability is one of the vital aspects that is bound to guarantee success. Change is one of the most  repetitive processes in the business world and it is virtually impossible for any company to implement the same mode of operation through different time eras (Mento et al 2012, p. 45).

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Organizational change is one of the ways that has been suggested by scholars and experts that is capable of bringing the much needed transformation and give a fresh outlook to a business. This principle applies to all firms regardless of their geographical or physical location (Nasim and Sushil 2011, p. 187).  The Apotex Company is one of the established retail chains that operates in the pharmaceutical industry in Australia. Kotter’s 8 Steps for an Organizational Change This firm prides itself in having a widespread coverage in terms of customer base and also outreach such that it enjoys a larger share of profits and revenue compared to other companies in the same sector.

The success of this firm can be attributed to various elements and concepts that have played an integral role in propelling the firm to towards the position it has reached to date. However, this level of growth can be lifted higher if the management was to implement Kotter’s principles of organizational change within its operations (Neiva et al 2015, 324). Kotter summed up a number of essential steps that could be used by companies and corporations to introduce change in their business and eventually achieve greater and grander returns.

The first step in these marketing principles involves establishing and creating the need for urgency through the process of examining the market and identifying the level of competition (Kotter 2007, p. 99). This means that a company like Apotex pharmaceuticals can begin by pointing out the threats that are present in the Australian market and create scenarios as what would happen in future if this rivalry is not combated. The firm can then go ahead to engage in honest discussions that can help in formulating a dynamic approach that can be used to deal with such a crisis (Gardner 2009, p. 14).

The identification of this threat can allow Apotex pharmaceuticals to know the best way forward in terms of handling a rival company or even incoming competition from a foreign-based company. The second step is creating a powerful coalition that can be used by the company to guide it through its operations (Kotter 2007, p. 99) Kotter’s 8 Steps for an Organizational Change. Kotter asserts that the process of congregating a group with a common goal can help an organization to propel itself to greatness. This scholar argues that change is inevitable and it only takes a strong team to steer the process of bringing transformation in the daily routine of a company (Predișcan et al 2016, p. 959).

This means that the only way that Apotex pharmaceuticals can be assured and guaranteed of implementing change in the company is by forming a strong coalition that can serve as the ambassadors of preaching this message. Thirdly, Kotter advises people to create a vision that can help in directing the process of carrying out the much-needed change (Kotter 2007, p. 99). This step is in accord with the fourth and fifth steps that deal with the process of communicating this vision and empowering the team to act on it. In the case of Apotex pharmaceuticals, the management should make it clear to the tam and employee fraternity that its vision is to become the household name in the pharmaceutical industry both on a regional and local level and scope. This can then be followed by empowering the team by showing them how they can actualize this vision (Parry et al 2014, p. 122).  This step is actually powerful as it can help in making this Australian based company to alter its current structures and adapt new ones that can actually help in strengthening their vision. The sixth step in Kotter’s strategy of brining organizational change involves the process of planning of wins on a short-term basis. Kotter’s 8 Steps for an Organizational Change This means that firms ought to strive to ensure that they are able to identify their achievements on a short-term basis and then go ahead to reward the people who have made the success possible (Calegari et al 2015, p 31).

In the case of Apotex pharmaceuticals, the company can decide to make sales targets its short-term win and then give awards to the employees who have achieved their individual targets. This step is followed by consolidating any form of improvements that can be used to bring change to the company (Maclean and Vannet 2016, p. 432). For instance, Apotex pharmaceuticals can decide that promoting hardworking employees can help in showing the rest of the team that being visionary and focused has its own benefits.

After a short period of time, this Australian based company can be assured of becoming the trailblazer in the pharmaceutical industry. The final and eight step according to Kotter’s hierarchy is the process of implementing new approaches and using them to develop better leadership skills and a succession strategy (Pollack and Pollack 2015, p. 58).

The combination of all these steps has been proved to provide the perfect recipe for success and prosperity in the world of business.

In sum, the competitive and challenging climate in the commercial arena makes it essential for businesses to have a fall back plan that can help them remain profitable and relevant. Kotter’s eight steps of organizational change have been evaluated and shown to offer a viable option for firms that wish to rebrand and restructure themselves. The same concept can be applied by Apotex pharmaceuticals that is one of the most renowned retail chains in the Australian market. These steps ought to be followed in a consecutive manner for them to be able to offer the best results when it comes to actualizing the concept of
organizational
change.

References

Predișcan, M, Roiban, R, & Biriescu, S 2016, ‘The Reasons Why Sometimes The Romanian Processes Of Organizational Change Fail’, Annals Of The University Of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 25, 1, Pp. 959-967, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017

Kotter, JP 2007, ‘Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail’, Harvard Business Review, 85, 1, pp. 96-103, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Parry, W, Kirsch, C, Carey, P, & Shaw, D 2014, ‘Empirical Development of a Model of Performance Drivers in Organizational Change Projects’, Journal Of Change Management, 14, 1, pp. 99-125, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Calegari, M, Sibley, R, & Turner, M 2015, ‘A Roadmap For Using Kotter’s Organizational Change Model To Build Faculty Engagement In Accreditation’, Academy Of Educational Leadership Journal, 19, 3, Pp. 31-43, Business Source Complete, Ebscohost, Viewed 7 April 2017.

Pollack, J, & Pollack, R 2015, ‘Using Kotter’s Eight Stage Process To Manage An Organisational Change Program: Presentation and Practice’, Systemic Practice & Action Research, 28, 1, pp. 51-66, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Maclean, D, & Vannet, N 2016, ‘Improving trauma imaging in Wales through Kotter’s theory of change’, Clinical Radiology, 71, 5, pp. 427-431, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017

Mento, A, Jones, R, & Dirndorfer, W 2012, ‘A change management process: Grounded in both theory and practice’, Journal Of Change Management, 3, 1, p. 45, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017

Nasim, S, & Sushil 2011, ‘Revisiting Organizational Change: Exploring The Paradox Of Managing Continuity and Change’, Journal Of Change Management, 11, 2, pp. 185-206, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Neiva, E, Odelius, C, & Ramos, L 2015, ‘The Organizational Change Process: Its Influence on Competences Learned on the Job’, BAR – Brazilian Administration Review, 12, 4, pp. 324-347, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Gardner, PJ 2009, ‘Organizational Change: All We Want is Better Projects-Why So Difficult?’, AACE International Transactions, pp. 3-25 Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 7 April 2017.

Emojis use in business communication essay

Introduction

           
Emojis are described as a global language. Each country has a different use with the French using the ‘love heart’ four times more than any other country. Russians and Arab-speaking nations have also been fond of using emojis more frequently. Sometimes back, emojis were almost exclusively used by youth and teenagers. However, that is not the case as of today. Lately, people of all ages are using emojis to add some form of levity to their written communication. Before proceeding, it would be wise to define what an emoji is. An emoji is defined as a small digital icon or image that is used to express an emotion or idea among others (Wheatman, 2016, p. 60) Emojis use in business communication essay. According to Aydlett (2016, p. 47), 92% of the total online population is using emojis to communicate Emojis use in business communication essay. It is for this reason that businesses are seeing the importance of using them, especially in their marketing. Initially, emojis were ignored and regarded as a teenage thing but lately, businesses are using them and helping businesses add human and playful touch in their communications. Emojis use in business communication essay This article gives a deeper insight into finding out whether emojis are finding their place in written business communication.

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How to use emojis in business communication  

           
Debates on whether emojis are unprofessional have been going on for a while with different people having their own different views. In essence, majority of people tend to believe that the use of emojis, especially in business communication is unprofessional. However, research has shown that the use of emojis actually make communication appear more competent and friendly (Narayanan, 2015, p. 30). Albert Mehrabian, a famous psychologist once argued that emojis help people more accurately express what they are thinking. There are cases when using such emojis may seem inappropriate but and should be chosen with care. However, times have changed with businesses seeing the importance of using emojis, especially in written form of business communication (Lucas, 2016, p. 75).

Emojis should not be used randomly, especially in business communication. There is a time and place to use such emojis one of them being in instant messaging. The majority of offices do make use of some sort of instant messaging system that allows employees to communicate with one another directly via a computer. With this type of setting, the focus is often on sending a message and expecting to get a feedback immediately. In such a case, emojis available may be used thereby becoming a big time saver in helping convey feelings quickly (Byron and Baldridge, 2007, p. 137).

Secondly, emojis can be used in written business communication when the relationship between parties is formal and solidified enough. When an organization has solidified its relationship with their customers, for instance, it will not be bad if the firm goes ahead and uses emojis once in a while to communicate with them. When the interactions seem casual and friendly enough, emojis can be used to communicate within and a business environment or between a business entity and its customers (Chan, 2015, p. 6). For instance, in the business setting, workmates working at the same department can use emojis to communicate with each other about the inner working of the business.

In written business communication, emojis can also be used depending on who the person using them is communicating with. In other words, it depends on the relationships, audience in addition to the tone of the message. For instance, co-workers or small groups of people who know each other well with established good work ethic can use emojis once in a while. According to Byron and Baldridge (2007, p. 138), business settings that use emojis such as smiley face when communicating have higher chances of enhancing communication between each party as such a face is friendly and inviting Emojis use in business communication essay.

In written business communication, the use of emojis may at times sound inappropriate and somehow distracting. However, based on the situation and company culture, the use of emojis to express certain feelings may not be bad. If the company has a habit or culture if using emojis to communicate once in a while, co-workers or the business entity itself can use them in written business communication (Brodsky, 2015, p. 3). Closely related to this, based on responses from customers based on a company’s product, the use of emojis may be used. Today, there are hundreds of emojis in place with research indicating that a lot of people use them to communicate. Product reviews of a given company have seen the use of emojis used to express customer feelings and feedback (Chan, 2015, p.6). In such a case, a business entity can go ahead and use emojis when replying or communicating feedback to their customers.

In line with the above, if the
company
has a policy in place against the use of emojis in written communication, it would be very inappropriate to do so. Some companies across the globe have strict work ethics, one of them being not using any form of emojis in written communication as they may be misinterpreted by other people to mean different things (Lucas, 2016, p.74). For this reason, it would be inappropriate to use them, especially when communicating through writing to customers or other business associates.

In written business communication, emojis adds a personal touch to conversations that may not take place face-to-face. Colleagues that rarely meet can ensure that written messages sent to each other carry some personal touch in them (Aydlett, 2016, p. 47). In business settings, such can be used if the company seeks to ensure that their employees get that interactive feeling that may not take place face to face through the use of emojis. In such a situation, it would not be destructive if a given company goes ahead and encourage its employees to use emojis in communication (Narayanan, 2015, p.30) Emojis use in business communication essay.

According to recently published reports, it is indicated that receiving an email with an emoji makes the recipient feel like the sender is friendlier and more understanding in nature. In business communication, throwing in a smiley face in an email shows the recipient that the message is not meant to be interpreted or perceived in a negative way (Wheatman, 2016, p. 60).

Conclusion

           
Communication is constantly adapting to new technologies and changes. The use of acronyms, emoticons and emojis is lately gaining widespread attention. Not so long ago, emojis were perceived and subsequently associated with the youthful generation but lately, the use of emojis is finding its way in business communication with research pointing out that a lot of people use it to communicate. Of importance though, there is a place and time to use emojis in written business communication. It depends on a lot of things such as the relationship in place, the company culture and the response from previous communication among others.

 

Bibliography

Aydlett, M 2016, ‘Emojis — Are They a New Marketing Language?’,
Campaign
, p. 47.

Byron, K., & Baldridge, D. C. (2007). E-mail Recipients’ Impressions of Senders’ Likability.
Journal Of Business Communication
,
44
(2), 137-160.

Brodsky, A 2015, ‘The Dos and Don’ts of Work Email, from Emojis to Typos’,
Harvard Business Review Digital Articles
, pp. 2-5.

Narayanan, C 2015, ‘Who Needs Words?’,
Business Today
, 24, 22, pp. 30-31.

Chan, D 2015, ‘How professionals are using emojis in the inbox’,
Communication Briefings
, 34, 12, p. 6.

Lucas, G 2016, ‘The Story of Emoji’,
Creative Review
, 36, 5, pp. 74-81.

Wheatman, D 2016, ‘To Emoji or Not to Emoji?’,
Marketing News
, 50, 3, p. 60. Emojis use in business communication essay